CN112014291B - A Discrimination Method of Seepage Deformation Characteristics of Soil Samples - Google Patents
A Discrimination Method of Seepage Deformation Characteristics of Soil Samples Download PDFInfo
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- CN112014291B CN112014291B CN202010834544.3A CN202010834544A CN112014291B CN 112014291 B CN112014291 B CN 112014291B CN 202010834544 A CN202010834544 A CN 202010834544A CN 112014291 B CN112014291 B CN 112014291B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种土样渗透变形特征判别方法，包括步骤：以土体试样中的粗颗粒体积含量、细颗粒体积含量以及土样孔隙率作为变量，建立等边三角形坐标图；利用粗细颗粒的孔隙率，确定三角坐标图中不同渗透变形特征区域的临界点，并通过连线进行分区；根据粗、细颗粒各自的孔隙率范围，确定不同分区的土样结构特征，用以判断不同分区内土样的渗透变形特征；对于某一土样，根据其孔隙率，粗、细颗粒体积含量的数值，确定该土样在三角坐标图中的具体位置，根据该位置在三角坐标图中所处的分区，判断该土样的渗透变形特征。本发明能够对土样渗透变形类型特点的预测与判断更加清晰且高效，并且可以分析加卸荷对渗透变形的影响。
The invention discloses a method for judging the seepage deformation characteristics of a soil sample, which comprises the steps of: establishing an equilateral triangle coordinate diagram by taking the volume content of coarse particles, the volume content of fine particles and the porosity of soil samples in a soil sample as variables; The porosity of the particles is used to determine the critical points of different seepage deformation characteristic areas in the triangular coordinate diagram, and is divided by connecting lines. Seepage deformation characteristics of soil samples in the partition; for a soil sample, according to its porosity, the value of the volume content of coarse and fine particles, determine the specific location of the soil sample in the triangular coordinate diagram, according to the position in the triangular coordinate diagram The subarea where it is located, and the seepage deformation characteristics of the soil sample are judged. The invention can predict and judge the characteristics of the seepage deformation type of soil samples more clearly and efficiently, and can analyze the influence of loading and unloading on the seepage deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a soil sample osmotic deformation characteristic distinguishing method.
Background
The seepage deformation is a common damage phenomenon on the hydraulic structure or the foundation, and the types of the seepage deformation mainly include flowing soil, piping, contact scouring and the like. Different soil samples have different damage forms under the seepage effect due to different characteristics of the composition particles. In engineering design or seepage safety assessment, the method can accurately and timely judge the seepage deformation type and the seepage deformation characteristic of the soil body, and has important engineering significance.
In the current research and engineering application of seepage deformation, although the mechanism of seepage deformation is deeply known, the judgment criterion of seepage deformation mostly only considers the material condition, the existing damage criterion mostly only considers grading and mostly is a compact state, and the influence of the conditions such as compactness, loading and unloading is not taken into consideration. In fact, due to the complexity of the engineering soil sample, the degree of compaction of part of the soil sample, the structural characteristics and the like all change under the external effects of stress and the like, thereby affecting the characteristics of the infiltration deformation. Therefore, the analysis and judgment of the penetration deformation characteristics on the feedback of various factors such as stress and the like are added, and the judgment and the prediction of the penetration deformation characteristics of the soil sample from the development perspective are facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil sample seepage deformation characteristic judging method, which is characterized in that a type and characteristics of a soil sample which is formed by different areas in a triangular coordinate and is easy to generate seepage deformation are divided based on a triangular coordinate model of the seepage deformation characteristic, and the area of the soil sample in the triangular coordinate model is determined according to the structural characteristics of the specific soil sample so as to judge the seepage deformation characteristic of the soil sample.
The invention provides a soil sample osmotic deformation characteristic distinguishing method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the volume content of coarse particles, the volume content of fine particles and the porosity of a soil sample in a soil body sample as variables, and establishing an equilateral triangle coordinate graph; wherein the coordinate axis of the bottom side of the triangle represents the porosity of the soil sample, the coordinate axis on the left side of the triangle represents the volume content of coarse particles in the soil sample, and the coordinate axis on the right side of the triangle represents the volume content of fine particles in the soil sample; the ranges of the three variables are all 0-1, and the sum of the three variable values of the corresponding soil sample porosity, the volume content of coarse particles and the volume content of fine particles is 1 at any point in the triangular coordinate graph;
step two: determining the maximum porosity n of the coarse-grain sample according to the grain diameter characteristics of two kinds of coarse and fine grains of the soil samplec,maxAnd minimum porosity nc,minDetermining the maximum porosity n of the fine-particle samplef,maxAnd minimum porosity nf,min(ii) a Determining boundary values of different penetration deformation characteristic areas in the triangular coordinate graph by using the four porosities, and partitioning by connecting lines;
step three: determining the structural characteristics of the soil samples in different subareas according to the respective porosity ranges of the coarse and fine particles, and judging the osmotic deformation characteristics of the soil samples in different subareas; the volume content of the coarse particles is 1-nc,maxTo 1-nc,minThe volume content of the fine particles is 1-nf,maxTo 1-nf,minTo (c) to (d);
step four: and determining the specific position of a certain soil sample in the triangular coordinate graph according to the porosity and the volume content values of the coarse particles and the fine particles, and judging the osmotic deformation characteristic of the soil sample according to the subarea of the position in the triangular coordinate graph.
Further, the fourth step further comprises:
step five: according to the changes of the volume contents of coarse and fine particles and the porosity of the soil sample caused by the volume change of the soil sample under the loading and unloading action, determining the new position of the soil sample in the triangular coordinate graph and the partition corresponding to the position in the loading and unloading process and after the loading and unloading process, and judging the influence of the loading and unloading process on the osmotic deformation characteristics of the soil sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention analyzes and predicts the seepage deformation types of different soil samples from the aspect of the internal structure of the material, and corresponds the grading characteristic, the compactness and the internal structure of the soil sample in the engineering with the seepage deformation characteristic which may occur under the action of stress and seepage, so that the prediction and the judgment of the seepage deformation type characteristics of the soil sample are clearer and more efficient, and the influence of loading and unloading on the seepage deformation can be analyzed.
2) The method can qualitatively analyze and predict the osmotic deformation type characteristics of the engineering soil body only by utilizing the basic grading parameters and the porosity of the soil sample, determines the osmotic deformation types of the soil sample designated by different areas in a triangular coordinate system based on the geometric characteristics of the internal structure of the soil body and the analysis of the osmotic deformation principle, and has reliability and accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of an equilateral triangle constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that functional, methodological, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a soil sample seepage deformation characteristic distinguishing method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the volume content of coarse particles, the volume content of fine particles and the porosity of a soil sample in a soil body sample as variables, and establishing an equilateral triangle coordinate graph (model); wherein the coordinate axis of the bottom side of the triangle represents the porosity of the soil sample, the coordinate axis on the left side of the triangle represents the volume content of coarse particles in the soil sample, and the coordinate axis on the right side of the triangle represents the volume content of fine particles in the soil sample; the ranges of the three variables are all 0-1, and the sum of the three variable values of the corresponding soil sample porosity, the volume content of coarse particles and the volume content of fine particles is 1 at any point in the triangular coordinate graph;
step two: determining the maximum porosity n of the coarse-grain sample according to the grain diameter characteristics of two kinds of coarse and fine grains of the soil samplec,maxAnd minimum porosity nc,minDetermining the maximum porosity n of the fine-particle samplef,maxAnd minimum porosity nf,min(ii) a Determining different permeabilities in a triangular plot using four of said porositiesDeforming the boundary value of the characteristic region, and partitioning through connecting lines;
step three: determining the structural characteristics of the soil samples in different subareas according to the respective porosity ranges of the coarse and fine particles, and judging the osmotic deformation characteristics of the soil samples in different subareas; the volume content of the coarse particles is 1-nc,maxTo 1-nc,minThe volume content of the fine particles is 1-nf,maxTo 1-nf,minTo (c) to (d);
step four: and determining the specific position of a certain soil sample in the triangular coordinate graph according to the porosity and the volume content values of the coarse particles and the fine particles, and judging the osmotic deformation characteristic of the soil sample according to the subarea of the position in the triangular coordinate graph.
In this embodiment, the fourth step further includes:
step five: according to the changes of the volume contents of coarse and fine particles and the porosity of the soil sample caused by the volume change of the soil sample under the loading and unloading action, determining the new position of the soil sample in the triangular coordinate graph and the partition corresponding to the position in the loading and unloading process and after the loading and unloading process, and judging the influence of the loading and unloading process on the osmotic deformation characteristics of the soil sample.
The present invention is described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, in the triangular coordinate model, the axis of the base of the triangle represents the porosity of the soil sample, the axis of the left side of the triangular graph represents the volume content of coarse particles (coarse particle content) in the soil sample, and the axis of the right side of the triangular graph represents the volume content of fine particles (fine particle content) in the soil sample. The range of the three variables is 0-1, and the sum of the three variable values of the corresponding soil sample porosity, the coarse particle volume content and the fine particle volume content is 1 for any point in the triangular coordinate model. The triangular coordinate graph corresponds to nine areas including the first area and the ninth area, the porosity characteristics of the soil sample represented by different areas are different in the volume content of coarse particles and fine particles, and the types and the characteristics of the soil sample subjected to osmotic deformation under the action of seepage are different.
The judgment standard of the penetration deformation triangular coordinate comprises nine partitions with different penetration characteristics, which are respectively as follows:
area II: the volume content of the fine particles is greater than the maximum volume content of the fine particles, and a soil sample does not exist in the area;
area II: the porosity of the soil sample in the area A is smaller than the state of the maximum coarse particle porosity and the minimum fine particle porosity, the volume content of the fine particles in the range exceeds the porosity of the soil, and the soil sample in the area does not exist; the porosity of the soil sample in the area B is smaller than that of the coarse soil sample, the fine particles are the minimum porosity of the most dense and piled soil sample, and the soil sample in the area does not exist;
zone III: the volume content of the coarse particles is larger than the maximum volume content of the coarse particles, and a soil sample does not exist in the area;
area IV: the coarse particle content in the interval is 1-nc,maxAnd 1-nc,minWhile the fine particle content is between 1 and nf,maxAnd 1-nf,minIn the meantime. Under the condition that stress is applied to the soil sample in the region, the stacking structure of coarse and fine particles changes, and the critical condition of osmotic deformation changes, so that the region is a piping region which is obviously affected by stress deformation;
zone five: the coarse particle content in the interval is 1-nc,maxAnd 1-nc,minAnd the fine particles are filled in the pores formed by the coarse particle framework, the content of the fine particles is less than the minimum content of the fine particles in a close packing state, the pores cannot be tightly filled, the permeability of the soil sample in the region is less influenced by stress, and the phenomenon of piping type permeation deformation is easy to occur under the hydraulic action.
Zone IV: in the region, coarse particles in the soil sample form a loose framework in a stacking state with the largest porosity, and fine particles are filled in the coarse particle framework, wherein the stacking porosity of the fine particles is between the largest loose and the largest compact. The soil sample in the area is easy to generate piping type seepage deformation under the action of hydraulic seepage due to the loss phenomenon of fine particles. Meanwhile, the soil sample framework in the area can change the whole structure under the condition that stress is applied to the outside, and the soil sample framework can be converted into a piping area which is greatly influenced by the stress, and fine particles can be converted into the framework to be converted into a soil flowing area.
Zone (c): in the region, the content of coarse particles is between 0 and the volume content of the coarse particles in the most loose and packed state, so that the fine particles form a framework in a soil sample in the region, and the soil sample in the region is easy to generate flowing soil damage under the action of hydraulic seepage and is a flowing soil region;
the area and the area are as follows: the porosity of the soil sample in the region is larger than the maximum porosity of a theoretical loose structure of soil particles, so that the coarse and fine particles can not form a framework and are a flow state region.
The method for distinguishing the soil sample seepage deformation characteristics in a certain engineering foundation comprises the following steps:
and collecting a soil sample, measuring grading characteristics, and distinguishing coarse particle groups and fine particle groups according to the grading characteristics of the soil sample. According to the particle size characteristics of the coarse and fine particles of the soil sample, the maximum porosity and the minimum porosity are determined respectively through experiment or calculation analysis. Obtaining the maximum porosity n of the coarse particle group by experiment or calculation respectivelyc,maxAnd minimum porosity nc,minAnd the maximum porosity n of the fine particle groupf,maxAnd minimum porosity nf,min。
And calculating the numerical value of each node in the triangular coordinate graph according to the attached drawing 1 by using the theoretical porosity, connecting lines to divide 9 areas, and establishing a triangular coordinate judgment standard based on the osmotic deformation characteristics.
And calculating the porosity, the volume content of coarse particles and the volume content of fine particles of the specific soil sample according to the porosity and grading characteristics of the soil samples adopted by different foundations or different parts, and specifically corresponding the soil sample to one point in a triangular coordinate by using the values of the three parameters.
And searching the osmotic deformation characteristics of the soil sample in the region according to the region of the corresponding point of the specific soil sample in the triangular coordinate system, thereby judging and predicting the osmotic deformation characteristics of the soil sample under the seepage action.
According to the test, the volume change and the porosity change of the soil sample in the loading and unloading process are determined, the volume content of coarse particles and the volume content of fine particles and the porosity change of the soil sample caused by the volume change of the soil sample under the action of loading and unloading are calculated according to the volume change and the porosity change, the new position of the soil sample in the triangular coordinate graph in the loading and unloading process and after loading and unloading and the partition corresponding to the position are determined, and the influence of the loading and unloading on the osmotic deformation characteristic of the soil sample is judged.
The soil sample seepage deformation characteristic distinguishing method has the following technical effects:
1) the method analyzes and predicts the seepage deformation types of the soil samples with different characteristics from the aspect of material structures, and corresponds the grading characteristics of the soil samples in the engineering with the seepage deformation characteristics which may occur under the action of stress and seepage, so that the method can more clearly and efficiently predict and judge the seepage deformation type characteristics of the soil samples, and can analyze the influence of the stress on the seepage deformation.
2) The method can qualitatively analyze and predict the osmotic deformation type characteristics of the engineering soil body only by utilizing the porosity and the basic grading parameters of the soil sample, determines the osmotic deformation types of the soil samples designated in different areas in the triangular coordinate system based on the geometric characteristics of the soil body structure and the analysis of the osmotic deformation principle, and has reliability and accuracy.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
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