CN112000634B - Capacity management method, system, equipment and storage medium of NAS storage file system - Google Patents
Capacity management method, system, equipment and storage medium of NAS storage file system Download PDFInfo
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- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a capacity management method, system, device and storage medium for NAS storage file system. The capacity management method comprises the following steps: acquiring the capacity allocated to and used by an application by a NAS storage file system, the total capacity of the NAS storage file system, the used capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system and the capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system; calculating the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system and the capacity utilization rate of each service volume; calculating capacity use balance parameters of the NAS storage file system; capacity management is performed based on the real capacity usage and capacity usage balancing parameters of the NAS storage file system. According to the capacity management method provided by the disclosure, the real capacity utilization rate and the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system are calculated, so that real and visual waste condition of capacity utilization can be provided for operation and maintenance personnel, and further capacity management is performed on a corresponding system or service volume, so that storage resources are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of computer application technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, an apparatus, and a storage medium for capacity management of a NAS storage file system.
Background
With the vigorous development of internet technology and the advent of the big data age, the number of users has increased rapidly, the demands of users have increased gradually, and the standard of higher IT facilities, the massive data storage, processing and analysis capabilities are necessary requirements for the development of enterprises.
Therefore, storage is becoming more and more important as an important link of IT infrastructure. NAS (Network-Attached Storage) is a device that is connected to a Network in terms of a literal sense and has a data Storage function, and is therefore also called a Network Storage. It is a dedicated data storage server. The method takes data as a center, thoroughly separates the storage equipment from the server, and centrally manages the data, thereby releasing bandwidth, improving performance, reducing total ownership cost and protecting investment. Its cost is far lower than using server storage, while its efficiency is far higher than the latter. When an enterprise uses NAS storage, capacity usage is a core index of interest, so how to achieve the highest capacity usage rate with lower cost and reserve sufficient backup space is very important for operation and maintenance personnel.
However, the current IT industry focuses on capacity usage, mainly to look at how much capacity remains and real-time usage, and the focus index is simple, and there is no systematic and scientific capacity usage assessment scheme. Therefore, the traditional capacity usage assessment method is too simple and macroscopic, cannot go deep into microscopic details, and does not have an index for quantifying capacity waste.
In addition, the capacity usage rate of the conventional capacity analysis method is only the capacity that the system has allocated, but it is not known whether the allocated capacity is fully utilized, and the degree of capacity waste. However, the practical situation shows that some storages already allocate a large amount of space to the outside, the traditional capacity utilization rate is very high, but the allocated space is not fully used for a long time, and serious space waste exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems or part of the problems in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a capacity management method, system, device and storage medium for a NAS storage file system, which provide a real and intuitive waste situation of capacity usage for operation and maintenance personnel by calculating a real capacity usage rate and a capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system, so as to perform capacity management on a corresponding system or service volume, thereby avoiding waste of storage resources.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for managing capacity of a NAS storage file system, including: acquiring the capacity allocated to an application by the NAS storage file system and used by the application, the total capacity of the NAS storage file system, the used capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system and the capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system; calculating a real capacity usage of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity already used by the application and the total capacity of the NAS storage file system:
wherein delta is the real Capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system, capability used Storing Capacity allocated to an application for said NAS file system and used by said application, capacity total Storing a total capacity of a file system for the NAS;
calculating the capacity utilization rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system and the capacity of each service volume:
wherein ρ is i Storing Capacity usage, capacity, for each service volume in a file system for NAS used_i Storing Capacity used in each service volume in the file system for the NAS total_i Storing the capacity of each service volume in the file system for the NAS;
calculating capacity usage balance parameters of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity usage of each service volume in the NAS storage file system:
wherein Ω is the capacity usage balancing parameter of the NAS storage file system, E i Storing the entropy value corresponding to the ith service volume in the file system for the NAS, wherein the entropy value corresponding to each service volume is according to E i ＝sin(πρ i /2)/ρ i Calculating to obtain; and managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system according to the real capacity utilization rate and the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system is calculated, and the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is calculated according to the capacity utilization rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system, so that operation and maintenance personnel can perform capacity management on the corresponding NAS storage file system or service volume according to the real and visual waste condition of the capacity utilization, and the waste of storage resources is avoided.
In some embodiments of the invention, managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system according to the real capacity usage and capacity usage balance parameters of the NAS storage file system comprises: when the real utilization rate of the NAS storage file system is lower than a first preset threshold value, recycling the system capacity of the NAS storage file system; or when the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is higher than a second preset threshold value, performing capacity reduction processing on the system capacity of the NAS storage file system.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the system which needs to be subjected to capacity management is correspondingly processed according to the real utilization rate or the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system, so that the waste of storage resources can be reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the capacity management method further includes: calculating the real capacity utilization rate of all NAS storage devices in the IT system, and performing visual analysis on the real capacity utilization rate of all the NAS storage devices to obtain NAS storage devices corresponding to singular points; performing visual analysis on the capacity of all service volumes in the NAS storage file system and the corresponding capacity utilization rate thereof to obtain service volumes corresponding to singular points; and managing the capacity of the NAS storage equipment corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
In some embodiments of the present invention, managing the capacity of the NAS storage device corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point includes: and performing capacity expansion processing on the NAS storage equipment or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
According to the embodiment of the invention, based on the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage device and the capacity utilization rate of the service volume, the NAS storage device or the service volume is subjected to visual analysis to determine the NAS storage device or the service volume corresponding to the singular point, the NAS storage device or the service volume with the excessively high capacity utilization rate can be determined, and the NAS storage device or the service volume is subjected to expansion processing, so that the reasonable distribution of storage resources is realized.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the capacity management method further includes: when the capacity utilization rate of one service volume in the NAS storage file system is lower than a third preset threshold value in a set time period, determining that the service volume is a blank block area; and performing capacity reduction processing on the empty block area which is determined to be capable of capacity reduction by an application manager in the empty block area.
The embodiment of the invention determines the service volume with lower capacity utilization rate based on the capacity utilization rate of the service volume and performs the capacity shrinking treatment, thereby reducing the waste of storage resources and saving the expense.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a capacity management system of a NAS storage file system, including: a parameter obtaining module, configured to obtain a capacity allocated to an application by the NAS storage file system and used by the application, a total capacity of the NAS storage file system, a capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system, and a capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system; an index calculation module, configured to calculate a real capacity usage rate of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity used by the application and the total capacity of the NAS storage file system:
Wherein delta is the real Capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system, capability used Storing Capacity allocated to an application for said NAS file system and used by said application, capacity total Storing a total capacity of a file system for the NAS;
the index calculation module is further configured to calculate a capacity usage rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on a capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system and a capacity of each service volume:
wherein ρ is i Storing Capacity usage, capacity, for each service volume in a file system for NAS used_i Storing Capacity used in each service volume in the file system for the NAS total_i Storing the capacity of each service volume in the file system for the NAS;
calculating capacity usage balance parameters of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity usage of each service volume in the NAS storage file system:
wherein Ω is the capacity usage balancing parameter of the NAS storage file system, E i Storing the entropy value corresponding to the ith service volume in the file system for the NAS, wherein the entropy value corresponding to each service volume is according to E i ＝sin(πρ i /2)/ρ i Calculating to obtain; and the capacity management module is used for managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system according to the real capacity utilization rate and the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system is calculated, and the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is calculated according to the capacity utilization rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system, so that operation and maintenance personnel can perform capacity management on the corresponding NAS storage file system or service volume according to the real and visual waste condition of the capacity utilization, and the waste of storage resources is avoided.
In some embodiments of the invention, managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system according to the real capacity usage and capacity usage balance parameters of the NAS storage file system comprises: when the real utilization rate of the NAS storage file system is lower than a first preset threshold value, recycling the system capacity of the NAS storage file system; or when the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is higher than a second preset threshold value, performing capacity reduction processing on the system capacity of the NAS storage file system.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the system which needs to be subjected to capacity management is correspondingly processed according to the real utilization rate or the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system, so that the waste of storage resources can be reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the capacity management system further comprises a singular point processing module for performing the steps of: calculating the real capacity utilization rate of all NAS storage devices in the IT system, and performing visual analysis on the real capacity utilization rate of all the NAS storage devices to obtain NAS storage devices corresponding to singular points; performing visual analysis on the capacity of all service volumes in the NAS storage file system and the corresponding capacity utilization rate thereof to obtain service volumes corresponding to singular points; and managing the capacity of the NAS storage equipment corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
In some embodiments of the present invention, managing the capacity of the NAS storage device corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point includes: and performing capacity expansion processing on the NAS storage equipment or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
According to the embodiment of the invention, based on the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage device and the capacity utilization rate of the service volume, the NAS storage device or the service volume is subjected to visual analysis to determine the NAS storage device or the service volume corresponding to the singular point, the NAS storage device or the service volume with the excessively high capacity utilization rate can be determined, and the NAS storage device or the service volume is subjected to expansion processing, so that the reasonable distribution of storage resources is realized.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the capacity management system further includes a null block area processing module: when the capacity utilization rate of one service volume in the NAS storage file system is lower than a third preset threshold value in a set time period, determining that the service volume is a blank block area; and performing capacity reduction processing on the empty block area which is determined to be capable of capacity reduction by an application manager in the empty block area.
The embodiment of the invention determines the service volume with lower capacity utilization rate based on the capacity utilization rate of the service volume and performs the capacity shrinking treatment, thereby reducing the waste of storage resources and saving the expense.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, embodiments provide a computer storage medium having stored thereon computer readable instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause a computer to perform the operations of: the operations include the steps involved in the capacity management method according to any one of the embodiments above.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory being configured to store one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions, when executed by the processor, enable the capacity management method according to any one of the embodiments above.
As can be seen from the foregoing, according to the capacity management method, system, storage medium and device for NAS storage file system provided by the embodiments of the present invention, by calculating the actual capacity usage rate of the NAS storage file system and calculating the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system based on the capacity usage rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system, an operator can perform capacity management on the corresponding NAS storage file system or service volume according to the real and intuitive waste condition of capacity usage, so as to avoid the waste of storage resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method of capacity management of a NAS storage file system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sector diagram of capacity usage of a NAS storage file system;
FIG. 3 is a plot of the function of the "entropy" value over the interval 0, 1;
fig. 4 is a reference capacity usage balance parameter thermodynamic diagram when capacity usage balance parameter Ω= 0.3308;
FIG. 5 is a thermodynamic diagram of the real capacity usage balance parameters for a financial system;
FIG. 6 is a box diagram of 144 FAS storage capacity usage of a financial system;
FIG. 7 is a scatter plot of 2268 volume capacity usage in a financial system;
FIG. 8 is a scatter plot of FIG. 7 after coordinate transformation;
FIG. 9 is a FAS in a financial system 144 The capacity use condition of the service volume in two months is shown schematically;
FIG. 10 is an architecture diagram of a capacity management system of a NAS storage file system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Various aspects of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and detailed description. Well-known modules, units, and their connections, links, communications, or operations between each other are not shown or described in detail. Also, the described features, architectures, or functions may be combined in any manner in one or more implementations. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments described below are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be further appreciated that the modules or units or processes of the embodiments described herein and illustrated in the drawings may be combined and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
The following is a brief description of the terminology used herein.
NAS: network Attached Storage, network attached storage.
True usage rate: a certain NAS storage device is allocated to an application, and the capacity used by the application is a percentage of the total capacity of the NAS storage device.
Singular points: NAS storage file system capacity usage deviates significantly from the average level of traffic storage systems or traffic volumes.
Empty block area: on a single storage, the application is allocated, but the application uses less than 50% of the service volume for a long period of time.
"entropy": the "entropy" in the present invention is a capacity usage evaluation index, which is defined as follows: let the capacity usage be ρ (ρ e [0,1 ]), define its "entropy" as e, e=sin (ρ/2)/ρ.
Balance parameters: the balance parameter is defined as the normalization of all traffic volume "entropy" values on a certain NAS storage.
Capacity usage balance: if a NAS storage file system capacity is allocated to an application, the actual use of the application is small, but the storage itself is left, and there is a lot of capacity waste, then the NAS storage file system capacity use is unbalanced, otherwise the NAS storage file system capacity use is balanced.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of capacity management of a NAS storage file system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, the capacity management method may include: step S11, step S12, step S13, step S14, and step S15, which are specifically described below.
In step S11, a capacity of the NAS storage file system allocated to an application and used by the application, a total capacity of the NAS storage file system, a capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system, and a capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system are acquired.
In step S12, the actual capacity usage of the NAS storage file system is calculated based on the capacity that has been used by the application and the total capacity of the NAS storage file system. Specifically, the actual capacity usage of the NAS storage file system is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein delta is the real Capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system, capability used Storing Capacity allocated to an application for said NAS file system and used by said application, capacity total And storing the total capacity of the file system for the NAS.
In step S13, a capacity usage rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system is calculated based on the capacity used in each service volume and the capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system. Specifically, the capacity usage of each service volume in the NAS storage file system is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein ρ is i Storing Capacity usage, capacity, for each service volume in a file system for NAS used_i Storing Capacity used in each service volume in the file system for the NAS total_i And storing the capacity of each service volume in the file system for the NAS.
In step S14, a capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is calculated based on the capacity usage rates of the respective service volumes in the NAS storage file system. Specifically, the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein Ω is the capacity usage balancing parameter of the NAS storage file system, E i Storing the entropy value corresponding to the ith service volume in the file system for the NAS, wherein the entropy value corresponding to each service volume is according to E i ＝sin(πρ i /2)/ρ i And (5) calculating to obtain the product.
In step S15, the capacity of the NAS storage file system is managed according to the real capacity usage and the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system. In an alternative embodiment, when the real usage of the NAS storage file system is below a first predetermined threshold, recycling the system capacity of the NAS storage file system; or when the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is higher than a second preset threshold value, performing capacity reduction processing on the system capacity of the NAS storage file system. The first threshold and the second threshold can be set by operation staff.
Alternatively, the system capacity of the NAS storage file system may be recycled or scaled when the actual usage of the NAS storage file system is below a first predetermined threshold, or when the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is above a second predetermined threshold. Therefore, when the utilization rate of the system capacity of the NAS storage file system is low, the system capacity can be further and reasonably distributed, and the waste of storage resources is reduced.
By adopting the method of the embodiment of the invention, the operation and maintenance personnel can obtain the real and visual waste condition of capacity use by calculating the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system and calculating the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system according to the capacity utilization rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system, thereby carrying out capacity management on the corresponding NAS storage file system or service volume and avoiding the waste of storage resources.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the real capacity usage rate of all NAS storage apparatuses in the IT system may be calculated, and the real capacity usage rate of all NAS storage apparatuses may be visually analyzed to obtain NAS storage apparatuses corresponding to singular points; performing visual analysis on the capacity of all service volumes in the NAS storage file system and the corresponding capacity utilization rate thereof to obtain service volumes corresponding to singular points; and then managing the capacity of the NAS storage equipment corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point. Optionally, managing the capacity of the NAS storage device corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point may include, but is not limited to: and performing capacity expansion processing on the NAS storage equipment or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
Based on the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage device and the capacity utilization rate of the service volume, the NAS storage device or the service volume is subjected to visual analysis to determine the NAS storage device or the service volume corresponding to the singular point, and the NAS storage device or the service volume with the excessively high capacity utilization rate can be determined and subjected to capacity expansion processing, so that reasonable allocation of storage resources is realized.
In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, when the capacity usage rate of a service volume in the NAS storage file system is lower than a third predetermined threshold in a set period of time, determining that the service volume is a null block area, and performing a capacity reduction process for a null block area in the null block area, where the application administrator determines that capacity reduction can be performed.
And determining the service volume with lower capacity utilization rate based on the capacity utilization rate of the service volume and performing capacity shrinking treatment, so that the waste of storage resources can be reduced and the cost can be saved.
The invention provides a capacity management example based on the real capacity utilization rate, the entropy value, the capacity utilization balance parameter, the singular point and the empty block area according to the capacity management method so as to realize reasonable utilization of storage resources:
1. capacity analysis based on real capacity usage
Firstly, based on the Capacity use history data of a NAS storage file system of a certain financial system, acquiring the total Capacity of the NAS system as Capacity total =8.79P (1P is 1pb, petabyte, terabyte, beat), capacity allocated to external use (e.g. application or service volume) is Capacity assigned =5.90P, the total Capacity used by the outside is Capacity used ＝3.74P。
Then, the conventional Capacity utilization is Δ' =capacity assigned /Capacity total ＝5.90÷8.79＝67.1％；
Real Capacity usage is Δ=capacity used /Capacity total ＝3.74÷8.79＝42.5％；
It can be seen that Δ+.DELTA.ltoreq.DELTA', and a Capacity waste of 67.1% -42.5% = 24.6%, i.e. after allocation to the outside world, the Capacity not used by the outside world (5.90P-3.74P = 2.16P) and the total Capacity of the NAS system are Capacity total Is a ratio of (2).
Optionally, fig. 2 is a fan-shaped diagram of capacity usage of a NAS storage file system, and as shown in fig. 2, the fan-shaped diagram determined based on the capacity usage index calculated by the method can more intuitively and clearly show the capacity waste condition of the NAS system to an operation and maintenance personnel.
2. Capacity analysis based on "entropy" values
The "entropy" value E is defined in the present invention as: e=sin (ρ/2)/Δ, where Δ is the capacity usage of the analysis object, and fig. 3 is a function curve of the "entropy" value over the [0,1] interval, as shown in fig. 3, E is a decreasing function over the [0,1], and at ρ→0, E takes the maximum value of ρ/2, and at ρ=1, E takes the minimum value of 1.
3. Capacity analysis based on capacity usage balance parameters
In practical applications, a NAS storage device often allocates a lot of service volumes for external use. And the use of these volumes varies due to business differences.
I service volumes (V) are allocated to a certain NAS storage apparatus 1 ,V 2 ,…V i ) For external use, the "entropy" values of these volumes are: e (E) 1 ,E 2 ,…E i . And the service volumes are used independently and are not affected.
The capacity usage balance parameter is defined as Ω in the present invention:
omega is the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system of one NAS storage device;
wherein E is i Storing an entropy value corresponding to an ith service volume in a file system for the NAS;
the entropy value corresponding to each service volume is according to E i ＝sin(πρ i /2)/ρ i Calculated, where ρ i For the Capacity usage rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system, according to the Capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system used_i Capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system total_i Is calculated by the ratio of (2), namely:
the calculation formula of the balance parameter omega can be used according to the capacityTo obtain 0.ltoreq.Ω.ltoreq.1, if and only ifΩ=0, if and only if +. >Ω＝1。
When Ω=0, all volumes V i Are fully utilized, ρ i =100%, no capacity is wasted. Whereas when Ω=1, all volumes V i The utilization ratio of (2) is 0%, namely: the allocation is made, but the user is not using, and the waste of capacity is maximum. Since the "entropy" value is monotonic, the capacity usage balance parameter Ω is also monotonic, and the smaller the capacity usage balance parameter, the larger the capacity usage balance parameter. Thus, the capacity usage balance parameter reflects the degree of storage capacity wastage of a NAS storage device very intuitively. As it gets closer to 0, the traditional capacity usage is equal to the "true" capacity usage since there is no capacity waste.
However, in the practical application scenario, it is best that the utilization rate of all service volumes is not 100%, but sufficient space needs to be reserved to avoid affecting the service. Thus ρ i It is ideal that =80% is already, and the capacity usage balance parameter Ω= 0.3308 at this time is calculated.
Table 1 is a table of the comparison between the utilization of the traffic volume and the capacity usage balance parameters:
TABLE 1 Capacity utilization and Capacity usage balance parameter Ω control Table
According to the definition of the capacity usage balance parameter, the invention surveys the waste condition of the capacity usage of the storage file system of 144 NAS storage devices of a certain financial system.
First, the present invention gives a case where capacity usage is relatively sufficient as a reference for the subsequent comparison with the actual case. Fig. 4 is a thermodynamic diagram of the reference capacity usage balance parameter when the capacity usage balance parameter Ω= 0.3308, and as shown in fig. 4, the service volume usage rate of the storage file system of the 144 NAS storage apparatuses of the financial system is 80%, the capacity waste is 20%, and the capacity usage balance parameter Ω= 0.3308 is used.
Specifically, each cell in the thermodynamic diagram shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to a capacity usage balance parameter of a storage file system of a NAS storage device. The color bar on the right side corresponds to the data size, the smaller the data, the darker the color, the more fully the representative capacity usage, the larger the data, the lighter the color, and the more wasteful the representative capacity usage. Fig. 4 shows the case when the space allocated by 144 NAS storage apparatuses is 80% utilized. The balance parameter Ω= 0.3308 at this time. Each cell represents a NAS FAS (network-oriented storage) series storage FAS i The depth of the color represents the use condition of each storage allocated space, and the darker the color is, the more fully used is. Thermodynamic diagrams metaphe each stored storage resource as "fuel", the more fully burned the darker the color of the tessellation.
Next, the present invention creates a thermodynamic diagram of the real capacity usage balance parameters of the financial system according to the capacity usage of the storage file system of 144 NAS storage devices of the financial system, as shown in fig. 5.
In FIG. 5, the numbers on each of the tiles correspond to FAS i Is to use the balance parameter omega i 。Ω i The larger the corresponding system space is, the more serious the waste is, the lighter the color of the small square is, and the omega is i The smaller the corresponding system has higher utilization of allocated space, the darker the color of the small square, and the smaller the waste of capacity. As shown in fig. 5, the most capacity usage balance parameter of 144 storage devices was 0.8 or more, and as shown in table 1, when Ω was 0.8224, the allocated space usage was 40%. Therefore, it is known that the service volume usage rate is mostly in the 144 NAS storage devicesLess than 40%, and about 60% of the allocated space is wasted. The minimum capacity utilization balance parameter is 0.45, and the table 1 shows that the service volume utilization rate is about 70% at this time, and the capacity utilization balance parameter is 0.45-0.71]The storage device is only 14, such as dark square blocks in the figure. Only 14 storage devices are fully utilized, the real utilization rate of the 14 storage devices is close to the traditional utilization rate, and the table 1 can show that the utilization rate of the service volume is 50% -70%. In combination, the white area on the whole graph is more, and the square with omega above 0.9 is also more. Therefore, operation and maintenance personnel can judge that the capacity waste of the financial system is serious, and further reasonably allocate the system capacity, so that the waste of storage resources is reduced.
4. Singular point based capacity analysis
Singular points, also referred to as outliers or outliers, are statistical concepts that refer to points in a set of sample data that deviate significantly from the average level of a population. These points are either significantly above or significantly below population average levels, which is a major concern. Let the average level of a certain attribute of a group beThe attribute value of a certain individual is->If->Or (b)The individual is said to be singular, i.e., the individual has a level that is much greater or much less than the average level.
In a large IT system, hundreds of NAS storage devices are often arranged, hundreds of service volumes are arranged on all the devices, and due to different service characteristics of different services, some of the storage volumes are free and busy, and the utilization rate of some of the service volumes is very high, but some of the service volumes are not used for a long time. Each operator is very concerned about these volumes with high usage, because of insufficient capacity, which may affect the service; those volumes that are idle for a long period of time are also of concern because of the waste of our capacity. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the singularity analysis is performed using a statistically boxplot as an aid.
Fig. 6 is a box diagram of the capacity usage of 144 FAS storage of a certain financial system, and as shown in fig. 6, the capacity usage of 144 FAS storage for nearly two months is put together for comparison and analysis. The diamonds in the middle of the "box" are mean values, and the horizontal lines above the diamonds are median values. The dots at the top of the box are singular points, i.e. outliers. The data of fig. 6 shows that there are two abnormal stores whose usage rates are 83.87% and 82.98%, respectively, far above the average levels 74.87% and 74.31%, which should be given high attention, closely regarding their capacity allocation and usage, so as not to cause traffic impact.
Fig. 7 is a scatter diagram of 2268 service volume capacity usage in a financial system, and fig. 8 is a scatter diagram obtained by performing coordinate transformation of fig. 7.
The financial system has 2268 online business volumes. The capacity and usage rate of each service volume are different due to service differences. Storage administrators are more concerned about volumes that occupy more space and are highly available. Fig. 7 is a graph plotting a scattergram with the total capacity of a service volume as the horizontal axis and the used capacity as the vertical axis. Since y (used capacity). Ltoreq.x (total capacity of the service volume), all points lie below the straight line y=x. As shown in fig. 7, most of the volumes of these traffic volumes are below 40T (1T, i.e., 1tb, trillionbyte, terabyte), and a few volumes reach above 80T. However, since fig. 7 is not very intuitive, the coordinate axis affine change (as shown in fig. 8) is performed on fig. 7, the y-axis is redefined as the volume usage rate of the volume, the color and size of the scattered dots are defined to change with the volume size and usage rate of the volume, and the larger the volume size and usage rate, the darker the color of the dots and the larger the shape. All points lie below the straight line y=1 (i.e., y=100%). In fig. 8, the five points with the deepest color and the largest shape are singular points, and the singular points are marked with white crosses. The service volumes need to pay close attention, and a storage manager should communicate the service conditions with an application manager in time to determine whether capacity expansion is needed, so that the service influence is avoided.
5. Empty block region based capacity analysis
In the present invention, a service volume whose usage rate is lower than a predetermined value for a long period of time is defined as a null block area, for example, a service volume whose usage rate μ is less than 50% for a period of time T is referred to as a null block area. In other words, the usage rate μ of the service volume satisfies:
because of the existence of such traffic volumes, the operation and maintenance manager can be "fooled" by traditional capacity usage, ignoring the "real" use of capacity. Some of the allocated traffic volumes may not be utilized because of unreasonable application planning or actual transitions. And because the service model is not known, the storage, transportation and maintenance personnel are often passive, and the space cannot be fully utilized. The analysis based on the empty block area can lead the storage operation and maintenance personnel to be passive to active, and the service volume which is not needed to be used is recovered through communication with a capacity user, and the service volume which is excessively distributed is contracted to improve the 'real' utilization rate of the storage capacity.
According to the definition of empty block area, the invention surveys a typical NAS storage FAS of a certain financial system 144 Capacity usage of the service volume in two months.
FIG. 9 is a FAS in a financial system 144 The capacity usage of the service volume in two months is shown in fig. 9, and the FAS 144 The capacity of (a) uses the balance parameter Ω= 0.9027 (larger, it can be seen that the capacity waste is more serious). FAS (FAS) 144 Is distributed to 7 service volumes (Volume) 1 ～Volume 7 ). From day 7, 9 to day 8, 27, the usage of the 7 service volumes is kept below 50%, so the 7 volumes are empty block areas. The vertical axis in FIG. 9 is FAS 144 Totalizing the allocable capacity. Each gray bar is an industryThe volume of the business roll has been used from 7 months 9 days to 8 months 27 days, and the white area on the gray bar is the space allocated to the roll but not utilized by the roll. The table below the figure is the space allocated per volume, the space used, and the usage. It can be seen that there are many empty block areas in the storage, and the capacity waste is serious, so that the capacity usage balance parameter Ω is large, and the capacity usage is unbalanced.
For the long-standing empty block areas, a storage manager can communicate with an application manager, whether the application manager can contract the storage manager or not, so that less resource is wasted, and space is saved.
FIG. 10 is an architecture diagram of a capacity management system of a NAS storage file system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 10, the system includes:
A parameter obtaining module 101, configured to obtain a capacity of a NAS storage file system allocated to an application and used by the application, a total capacity of the NAS storage file system, a capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system, and a capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system.
An index calculation module 102 for calculating a real capacity usage of the NAS storage file system based on the capacity that the application has used and the total capacity of the NAS storage file system; calculating the capacity utilization rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system based on the capacity used in each service volume and the capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system; and calculating a capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system based on the capacity usage rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system.
Specifically, the actual capacity usage of the NAS storage file system is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein delta is the real Capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system, capability used Allocation for the NAS storage file systemApplication and Capacity used by said application total And storing the total capacity of the file system for the NAS.
The capacity utilization rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein ρ is i Storing Capacity usage, capacity, for each service volume in a file system for NAS used_i Storing Capacity used in each service volume in the file system for the NAS total_i And storing the capacity of each service volume in the file system for the NAS.
Calculating capacity usage balance parameters of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula:
wherein Ω is the capacity usage balancing parameter of the NAS storage file system, E i Storing the entropy value corresponding to the ith service volume in the file system for the NAS, wherein the entropy value corresponding to each service volume is according to E i ＝sin(πρ i /2)/ρ i And (5) calculating to obtain the product.
And the capacity management module 103 is used for managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system according to the real capacity utilization rate and the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system. In an alternative embodiment, when the real usage of the NAS storage file system is below a first predetermined threshold, recycling the system capacity of the NAS storage file system; or when the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is higher than a second preset threshold value, performing capacity reduction processing on the system capacity of the NAS storage file system. The first threshold and the second threshold can be set by operation staff.
Alternatively, the system capacity of the NAS storage file system may be recycled or scaled when the actual usage of the NAS storage file system is below a first predetermined threshold, or when the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is above a second predetermined threshold. Therefore, when the utilization rate of the system capacity of the NAS storage file system is low, the system capacity can be further and reasonably distributed, and the waste of storage resources is reduced.
The singular point processing module 104 is configured to perform the following steps:
calculating the real capacity utilization rate of all NAS storage devices in the IT system, and performing visual analysis on the real capacity utilization rate of all the NAS storage devices to obtain NAS storage devices corresponding to singular points;
performing visual analysis on the capacity of all service volumes in the NAS storage file system and the corresponding capacity utilization rate thereof to obtain service volumes corresponding to singular points;
and managing the capacity of the NAS storage equipment corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
In an alternative embodiment, managing the capacity of the NAS storage device corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point may include, but is not limited to: and performing capacity expansion processing on the NAS storage equipment or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
Based on the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage device and the capacity utilization rate of the service volume, the NAS storage device or the service volume is subjected to visual analysis to determine the NAS storage device or the service volume corresponding to the singular point, and the NAS storage device or the service volume with the excessively high capacity utilization rate can be determined and subjected to capacity expansion processing, so that reasonable allocation of storage resources is realized.
The empty block area processing module 105 is configured to perform the following steps:
when the capacity utilization rate of one service volume in the NAS storage file system is lower than a third preset threshold value in a set time period, determining that the service volume is a blank block area;
and performing capacity reduction processing on the empty block area which is determined to be capable of capacity reduction by an application manager in the empty block area.
And determining the service volume with lower capacity utilization rate based on the capacity utilization rate of the service volume and performing capacity shrinking treatment, so that the waste of storage resources can be reduced and the cost can be saved.
By adopting the system of the embodiment of the invention, the operation and maintenance personnel can obtain the real and visual waste condition of capacity use by calculating the real capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system and calculating the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system according to the capacity utilization rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system, thereby carrying out capacity management on the corresponding NAS storage file system or service volume, and avoiding the waste of storage resources. Meanwhile, NAS storage equipment or service volumes with excessively high capacity utilization rate are determined through singular point analysis, capacity expansion processing is carried out on the NAS storage equipment or service volumes, capacity shrinkage processing is carried out on empty block areas, reasonable distribution of storage resources can be achieved, waste of the storage resources is reduced, and cost is saved.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in software in combination with a hardware platform. With such understanding, all or part of the technical solution of the present invention contributing to the background art may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in the various embodiments or parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which computer readable instructions or programs are stored, which when executed by a processor, cause the computer to perform the following operations: the operations include steps included in the capacity management method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, which are not described herein. Wherein the storage medium may include: such as optical disks, hard disks, floppy disks, flash memory, magnetic tape, etc.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used for storing one or more computer instructions or programs, and the capacity management method according to any one of the embodiments can be realized when the one or more computer instructions or programs are executed by the processor. The computer device may be, for example, a server, a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting thereof; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The scope of the invention should therefore be pointed out in the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A method for capacity management of a NAS storage file system, the method comprising:
acquiring the capacity allocated to an application by the NAS storage file system and used by the application, the total capacity of the NAS storage file system, the used capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system and the capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system;
calculating a real capacity usage of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity already used by the application and the total capacity of the NAS storage file system:
Wherein delta is the real Capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system, capability used Storing Capacity allocated to an application for said NAS file system and used by said application, capacity total Storing files for the NASTotal capacity of the system;
calculating the capacity utilization rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system and the capacity of each service volume:
wherein ρ is i Storing Capacity usage, capacity, for each service volume in a file system for NAS used_i Storing Capacity used in each service volume in the file system for the NAS total_i Storing the capacity of each service volume in the file system for the NAS;
calculating capacity usage balance parameters of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity usage of each service volume in the NAS storage file system:
wherein Ω is the capacity usage balancing parameter of the NAS storage file system, E i Storing the entropy value corresponding to the ith service volume in the file system for the NAS, wherein the entropy value corresponding to each service volume is according to E i ＝sin(πρ i /2)/ρ i Calculating to obtain;
and managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system according to the real capacity utilization rate and the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system.
2. The capacity management method as claimed in claim 1, wherein managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system based on the real capacity usage and capacity usage balance parameters of the NAS storage file system comprises:
when the real utilization rate of the NAS storage file system is lower than a first preset threshold value, recycling the system capacity of the NAS storage file system; or (b)
And when the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is higher than a second preset threshold value, performing capacity reduction processing on the system capacity of the NAS storage file system.
3. The capacity management method according to claim 1, wherein the capacity management method further comprises:
calculating the real capacity utilization rate of all NAS storage devices in the IT system, and performing visual analysis on the real capacity utilization rate of all the NAS storage devices to obtain NAS storage devices corresponding to singular points;
performing visual analysis on the capacity of all service volumes in the NAS storage file system and the corresponding capacity utilization rate thereof to obtain service volumes corresponding to singular points;
and managing the capacity of the NAS storage equipment corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
4. The capacity management method according to claim 3, wherein managing the capacity of the NAS storage device corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point comprises: and performing capacity expansion processing on the NAS storage equipment or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
5. The capacity management method according to claim 1, wherein the capacity management method further comprises:
when the capacity utilization rate of one service volume in the NAS storage file system is lower than a third preset threshold value in a set time period, determining that the service volume is a blank block area;
and performing capacity reduction processing on the empty block area which is determined to be capable of capacity reduction by an application manager in the empty block area.
6. A capacity management system for a NAS storage file system, the capacity management system comprising:
a parameter obtaining module, configured to obtain a capacity allocated to an application by the NAS storage file system and used by the application, a total capacity of the NAS storage file system, a capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system, and a capacity of each service volume in the NAS storage file system;
an index calculation module, configured to calculate a real capacity usage rate of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity used by the application and the total capacity of the NAS storage file system:
Wherein delta is the real Capacity utilization rate of the NAS storage file system, capability used Storing Capacity allocated to an application for said NAS file system and used by said application, capacity total Storing a total capacity of a file system for the NAS;
the index calculation module is further configured to calculate a capacity usage rate of each service volume in the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on a capacity used in each service volume in the NAS storage file system and a capacity of each service volume:
wherein ρ is i Storing Capacity usage, capacity, for each service volume in a file system for NAS used_i Storing Capacity used in each service volume in the file system for the NAS total_i Storing the capacity of each service volume in the file system for the NAS;
the index calculation module is further configured to calculate a capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system according to the following formula based on the capacity usage rates of the respective service volumes in the NAS storage file system:
wherein Ω is the capacity usage balancing parameter of the NAS storage file system, E i Storing the entropy value corresponding to the ith service volume in the file system for the NAS, wherein the entropy value corresponding to each service volume is according to E i ＝sin(πρ i /2)/ρ i Calculating to obtain;
and the capacity management module is used for managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system according to the real capacity utilization rate and the capacity utilization balance parameter of the NAS storage file system.
7. The capacity management system of claim 6, wherein managing the capacity of the NAS storage file system based on the actual capacity usage and capacity usage balance parameters of the NAS storage file system comprises:
when the real utilization rate of the NAS storage file system is lower than a first preset threshold value, recycling the system capacity of the NAS storage file system; or (b)
And when the capacity usage balance parameter of the NAS storage file system is higher than a second preset threshold value, performing capacity reduction processing on the system capacity of the NAS storage file system.
8. The capacity management system of claim 6, further comprising a singular point processing module for performing the steps of:
calculating the real capacity utilization rate of all NAS storage devices in the IT system, and performing visual analysis on the real capacity utilization rate of all the NAS storage devices to obtain NAS storage devices corresponding to singular points;
performing visual analysis on the capacity of all service volumes in the NAS storage file system and the corresponding capacity utilization rate thereof to obtain service volumes corresponding to singular points;
And managing the capacity of the NAS storage equipment corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
9. The capacity management system of claim 8, wherein managing the capacity of the NAS storage device corresponding to the singular point or the service volume corresponding to the singular point comprises: and performing capacity expansion processing on the NAS storage equipment or the service volume corresponding to the singular point.
10. The capacity management system of claim 6, wherein the capacity management system further comprises a null block area processing module:
when the capacity utilization rate of one service volume in the NAS storage file system is lower than a third preset threshold value in a set time period, determining that the service volume is a blank block area;
and performing capacity reduction processing on the empty block area which is determined to be capable of capacity reduction by an application manager in the empty block area.
11. A computer storage medium storing computer software instructions for execution by a processor to implement the capacity management method of any one of claims 1-5.
12. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor;
wherein the memory is configured to store one or more computer instructions that are executed by the processor to implement the capacity management method of any one of claims 1-5.
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