CN111996423A - Aluminum alloy profile for solar photovoltaic frame and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy profile for solar photovoltaic frame and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- RYZCLUQMCYZBJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H lead(2+);dicarbonate;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O RYZCLUQMCYZBJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000553 6063 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention provides an aluminum alloy profile for a solar photovoltaic frame and a preparation method thereof2Si content and content of excessive free Si, and the tensile strength (Rm) and yield strength (Rp) of 6063 alloy are compared0.2) And elongation (A)50) Are all obviously improved and contrastedThe 6005 alloy extrusion production efficiency is improved by more than 30%, the total amount of Cu and Mn is regulated to control the color difference problem of the film after anodic oxidation of the sectional material, the method can be widely applied to the requirements of the current photovoltaic market, is particularly suitable for the requirement of high strength of light solar photovoltaic (millet heavy and small frame), is suitable for batch production in factories, and is simple in process execution and low in production cost. Tensile Strength (R)m) Reaches 240Mpa and yield strength (R)p0.2) Up to over 220MPa, and elongation (A)50) More than 10 percent, the Vickers hardness is more than 14HW, the quality of an oxide film is good, and the silver white is bright without color difference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaics, in particular to an aluminum alloy profile for a solar photovoltaic frame and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The solar photovoltaic frame is used as a frame for supporting and fixing the solar cell, is mostly formed by anodizing 6063 aluminum alloy extruded sections at present, and has good extrusion formability and oxidability and is generally applied.
Along with the development of market economy, various domestic photovoltaic module manufacturers tend to be light in weight to a solar photovoltaic frame gradually, the meter weight gradually becomes smaller, but the requirement for bearing high strength is also met, the requirement is difficult to meet when 6063 alloy is adopted, most photovoltaic module manufacturers begin to replace alloy varieties at the moment, if 6005 alloy is adopted, the 6005 aluminum alloy is difficult to extrude relative to 6063 aluminum alloy, and the applicability of the general production is limited by factors such as low production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one problem, the invention provides an aluminum alloy profile for a solar photovoltaic frame and a preparation method thereof, so that the high strength of the aluminum alloy profile is ensured, and meanwhile, the production cost is reduced.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an aluminum alloy profile for a solar photovoltaic frame, the aluminum alloy profile being composed of the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.50-0.90% of Si, 0.40-0.80% of Mg, 0.15-0.25% of Fe, 0.015-0.025% of Ti, less than 0.08% of Cu, less than 0.08% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Zn, and the balance of Al, wherein the total amount is 100%, and the sum of the mass percentages of Cu and Mn is 0.08-0.16%.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an aluminum alloy profile for a solar photovoltaic frame, the aluminum alloy profile being composed of the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.50-0.65% of Si, 0.55-0.65% of Mg, 0.20% of Fe, 0.20% of Ti, less than 0.10% of Cu, less than 0.10% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Zn, and the balance of Al, wherein the total amount is 100%, and the sum of the mass percentages of Cu and Mn is 0.08-0.16%.
Therefore, the content of Mg and Si in the alloy is adjusted to control the formation of Mg in the alloy2The content of Si and the content of free excess Si, and the total amount of Cu and Mn are regulated to control the color difference problem of the film after the anodic oxidation of the section bar, and other rare earth elements and noble metal elements such as Sb, Ag, Zr and the like do not need to be added.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the aluminum alloy profile for a solar photovoltaic frame, including,
step (1): mixing Al99.70bPutting an aluminum ingot and a foundry returns into a smelting furnace, and keeping the temperature of aluminum liquid at 680-730 ℃ after smelting and melting, wherein the temperature of the aluminum liquid is Al99.70bThe mass percentage of the aluminum ingot is not less than 60%, and the mass percentage of the scrap returns is not more than 40%;
step (2): sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting the components of the aluminum alloy according to the analysis result, then slagging off, and heating up after slagging off to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 750 +/-5 ℃;
and (3): introducing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (2) into a standing furnace, adding a refiner titanium into the standing furnace in the form of an AlTi5B rod in the furnace guiding process, blowing and refining the refiner titanium in the standing furnace by adopting nitrogen at the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa for 10-20min, and standing the refiner to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 730-745 ℃;
and (4): conveying the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (3) into a designated die to cast in a hot top mode, wherein the casting speed is controlled to be 120-140mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled to be 0.05-0.18Mpa, so as to obtain the aluminum alloy round cast rod;
and (5): performing ultrasonic flaw detection on 100% of the aluminum alloy round cast rod obtained in the step (4), removing internal crack defects, and performing saw cutting to remove waste products in the head and tail processes to obtain a finished product cast rod for extrusion;
and (6): adding the cast rod obtained in the step (5) into a long rod furnace, heating the cast rod to 465-;
and (7): after on-line quenching, the section is conveyed to a cooling platform, and after the section is cooled to below 40 ℃, stretching and straightening are carried out, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 0.5-2.0%;
and (8): sawing, stacking and loading the section bar obtained in the step (7) into a basket, and carrying out artificial aging treatment in the following manner: heating to 195 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h after discharging;
and (9): and (4) carrying out sand blasting, pretreatment before oxidation, vertical anodic oxidation and low-temperature hole sealing on the section obtained in the step (8) to obtain the section with the specified thickness of the oxide film, and then carrying out deep processing automation line to obtain the solar photovoltaic frame section with the specified specification.
Preferably, in the step (4), the casting speed is controlled at 130mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled at 0.1 MPa.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the aluminum alloy section provided by the invention has the advantages that the component proportion and the production process can realize the mass production of factories, the cost is low, the process execution is convenient, the operation is simple, and the tensile strength (R) of the prepared aluminum alloy section can be realized under the condition that other rare earth elements and elements such as Sb, Ag, Zr and the like do not need to be addedm) Reaches 240Mpa and yield strength (R)p0.2) Reaching over 220MPa and elongation (A)50) The extrusion efficiency of the material is improved by more than 12% compared with that of 6005 alloy, the color difference problem of the film after anodic oxidation of the profile is controlled by regulating the total amount of Cu and Mn, and the material can be widely applied to the requirements of the current photovoltaic market, and is particularly suitable for the requirement of light solar photovoltaic (millet is heavy and has small frame) on high strength.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy profile for a high-strength solar photovoltaic frame, which consists of the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.50 percent of Si, 0.55 percent of Mg, 0.15 percent of Fe, 0.015 percent of Ti, less than 0.10 percent of Cu, less than 0.10 percent of Mn, less than 0.10 percent of Zn, the balance of Al, the total amount is 100 percent, and the mass percent of Cu and Mn is controlled to be 0.08-0.16 percent.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
during the step (1) of smelting ingredients, adding Al99.70bThe aluminum ingot and the foundry returns are as follows: al99.70b60 percent of aluminum ingot and 40 percent of foundry returns are put into a smelting furnace, and the temperature of aluminum liquid is kept at 680-730 ℃ after smelting and melting;
step (2) sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting alloy components according to analysis results, then slagging off, and raising the temperature after slagging off to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 750 +/-5 ℃;
step (3) introducing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (2) into a standing furnace, adding a refiner titanium into the standing furnace in the form of an AlTi5B rod in the furnace guiding process, blowing and refining the refiner titanium in the standing furnace by adopting nitrogen at the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa for 10-20min, and standing the refined refiner to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 730 ℃;
step (4) conveying the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (3) into a designated die to cast in a hot top mode, wherein the casting speed is controlled at 120mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled between 0.05 and 0.18Mpa to obtain an aluminum alloy cylindrical rod;
step (5) performing ultrasonic flaw detection on 100% of the aluminum alloy cylindrical rod obtained in the step (4), removing internal crack defects, and performing saw cutting to remove waste products in the head and tail processes to obtain a finished product casting rod for extrusion;
and (6): adding the cast rod obtained in the step (5) into a long rod furnace, heating the cast rod to 465-;
after on-line quenching, the high-temperature hot extrusion section is conveyed to a cooling platform, and after the section is cooled to below 40 ℃, stretching and straightening are carried out, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 0.8%;
step (8) sawing, stacking and loading the section bar obtained in step (7) into a basket, and carrying out artificial aging treatment in the following manner: heating to 195 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h after discharging;
and (9) carrying out sand blasting, pretreatment before oxidation, vertical anodic oxidation and low-temperature hole sealing on the section obtained in the step (8) to obtain the section with the specified thickness of the oxide film, and then carrying out deep processing on the section to obtain the solar photovoltaic frame section with the specified specification by an automatic line.
Example 2
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy profile for a high-strength solar photovoltaic frame, which consists of the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.55 percent of Si, 0.60 percent of Mg, 0.20 percent of Fe, 0.020 percent of Ti, less than 0.10 percent of Cu, less than 0.10 percent of Mn, less than 0.10 percent of Zn, and the balance of Al, and the mass percent of Cu and Mn is controlled to be 0.08-0.16 percent.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
during the step (1) of smelting ingredients, adding Al99.70bThe aluminum ingot and the foundry returns are as follows: al99.70b70 percent of aluminum ingot and 30 percent of foundry returns are put into a smelting furnace, and the temperature of aluminum liquid is kept at 680-730 ℃ after the smelting and the melting;
step (2) sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting alloy components according to analysis results, then slagging off, and raising the temperature after slagging off to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 750 +/-5 ℃;
step (3) introducing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (2) into a standing furnace, adding a refiner titanium into the standing furnace in the form of an AlTi5B rod in the furnace guiding process, blowing and refining the refiner titanium in the standing furnace by adopting nitrogen at the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa for 10-20min, and standing the refined refiner to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 735 ℃;
step (4) conveying the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (3) into a designated die to cast in a hot top mode, wherein the casting speed is controlled at 130mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled between 0.05 and 0.18Mpa to obtain an aluminum alloy cylindrical rod;
step (5) performing ultrasonic flaw detection on 100% of the aluminum alloy cylindrical rod obtained in the step (4), removing internal crack defects, and performing saw cutting to remove waste products in the head and tail processes to obtain a finished product casting rod for extrusion;
and (6): adding the cast rod obtained in the step (5) into a long rod furnace, heating the cast rod to 465-;
after on-line quenching, the high-temperature hot extrusion section is conveyed to a cooling platform, and after the section is cooled to below 40 ℃, stretching and straightening are carried out, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 1.0%;
step (8) sawing, stacking and basketing the section bar obtained in step (7), and carrying out artificial aging treatment in the following manner: heating to 195 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h after discharging;
and (9) carrying out sand blasting, pretreatment before oxidation, vertical anodic oxidation and low-temperature hole sealing on the section obtained in the step (8) to obtain the section with the specified thickness of the oxide film, and then carrying out deep processing on the section to obtain the solar photovoltaic frame section with the specified specification by an automatic line.
Example 3
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy profile for a high-strength solar photovoltaic frame, which consists of the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.60 percent of Si, 0.60 percent of Mg, 0.20 percent of Fe, 0.020 percent of Ti, less than 0.10 percent of Cu, less than 0.10 percent of Mn, less than 0.10 percent of Zn, and the balance of Al, and the mass percent of Cu and Mn is controlled to be 0.08-0.16 percent.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
during the step (1) of smelting ingredients, adding Al99.70bThe aluminum ingot and the foundry returns are as follows: al99.70b80 percent of aluminum ingot and 20 percent of foundry returns are put into a smelting furnace, and the temperature of aluminum liquid is kept at 680-730 ℃ after smelting and melting;
step (2) sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting alloy components according to analysis results, then slagging off, and raising the temperature after slagging off to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 750 +/-5 ℃;
step (3) introducing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (2) into a standing furnace, adding a refiner titanium into the standing furnace in the form of an AlTi5B rod in the furnace guiding process, blowing and refining the refiner titanium in the standing furnace by adopting nitrogen at the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa for 10-20min, and standing the refined refiner to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 740 ℃;
step (4) conveying the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (3) into a designated die to cast in a hot top mode, wherein the casting speed is controlled at 130mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled between 0.05 and 0.18Mpa to obtain an aluminum alloy cylindrical rod;
step (5) performing ultrasonic flaw detection on 100% of the aluminum alloy cylindrical rod obtained in the step (4), removing internal crack defects, and performing saw cutting to remove waste products in the head and tail processes to obtain a finished product casting rod for extrusion;
step (6) adding the cast rod obtained in the step (5) into a long rod furnace, heating the cast rod to 465-;
after on-line quenching, the high-temperature hot extrusion section is conveyed to a cooling platform, and after the section is cooled to below 40 ℃, stretching and straightening are carried out, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 1.5%;
step (8) sawing, stacking and loading the section bar obtained in step (7) into a basket, and carrying out artificial aging treatment in the following manner: heating to 195 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h after discharging;
and (9) carrying out sand blasting, pretreatment before oxidation, vertical anodic oxidation and low-temperature hole sealing on the section obtained in the step (8) to obtain the section with the specified thickness of the oxide film, and then carrying out deep processing on the section to obtain the solar photovoltaic frame section with the specified specification by an automatic line.
Example 4
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy profile for a high-strength solar photovoltaic frame, which consists of the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.60 percent of Si, 0.65 percent of Mg, 0.25 percent of Fe, 0.025 percent of Ti, less than 0.10 percent of Cu, less than 0.10 percent of Mn, less than 0.10 percent of Zn, and the balance of Al, and the mass percent of Cu and Mn is controlled to be 0.08-0.16 percent.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
during the step (1) of smelting ingredients, adding Al99.70bThe aluminum ingot and the foundry returns are as follows: al99.70b90 percent of aluminum ingot and 10 percent of foundry returns are put into a smelting furnace, and the temperature of aluminum liquid is kept at 680-730 ℃ after smelting and melting;
step (2) sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting alloy components according to analysis results, then slagging off, and raising the temperature after slagging off to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 750 +/-5 ℃;
step (3) introducing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (2) into a standing furnace, adding a refiner titanium into the standing furnace in the form of an AlTi5B rod in the furnace guiding process, blowing and refining the refiner titanium in the standing furnace by adopting nitrogen at the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa for 10-20min, and standing the refined refiner to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 740 ℃;
step (4) conveying the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (3) into a designated die to cast in a hot top mode, wherein the casting speed is controlled at 140mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled between 0.05 and 0.18Mpa to obtain an aluminum alloy cylindrical rod;
step (5) performing ultrasonic flaw detection on 100% of the aluminum alloy cylindrical rod obtained in the step (4), removing internal crack defects, and performing saw cutting to remove waste products in the head and tail processes to obtain a finished product casting rod for extrusion;
step (6) adding the cast rod obtained in the step (5) into a long rod furnace, heating the cast rod to 465-;
after on-line quenching, the high-temperature hot extrusion section is conveyed to a cooling platform, and after the section is cooled to below 40 ℃, stretching and straightening are carried out, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 2.0%;
step (8) sawing, stacking and loading the section bar obtained in step (7) into a basket, and carrying out artificial aging treatment in the following manner: heating to 195 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h after discharging;
and (9) carrying out sand blasting, pretreatment before oxidation, vertical anodic oxidation and low-temperature hole sealing on the section obtained in the step (8) to obtain the section with the specified thickness of the oxide film, and then carrying out deep processing on the section to obtain the solar photovoltaic frame section with the specified specification by an automatic line.
Example 5
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy profile for a high-strength solar photovoltaic frame, which consists of the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.65 percent of Si, 0.65 percent of Mg, 0.25 percent of Fe, 0.025 percent of Ti, less than 0.10 percent of Cu, less than 0.10 percent of Mn, less than 0.10 percent of Zn, and the balance of Al, and the mass percent of Cu and Mn is controlled to be 0.08-0.16 percent.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
during the step (1) of smelting ingredients, adding Al99.70bThe aluminum ingot and the foundry returns are as follows: al99.70b100 percent of aluminum ingot and 0 percent of foundry returns are put into a smelting furnace, and the temperature of aluminum liquid is kept at 680-730 ℃ after smelting and melting;
step (2) sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting alloy components according to analysis results, then slagging off, and raising the temperature after slagging off to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 750 +/-5 ℃;
step (3) introducing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (2) into a standing furnace, adding a refiner titanium into the standing furnace in the form of an AlTi5B rod in the furnace guiding process, blowing and refining the refiner titanium in the standing furnace by adopting nitrogen at the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa for 10-20min, and standing the refined refiner to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 745 ℃;
step (4) conveying the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (3) into a designated die to cast in a hot top mode, wherein the casting speed is controlled at 140mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled between 0.05 and 0.18Mpa to obtain an aluminum alloy cylindrical rod;
step (5) performing ultrasonic flaw detection on 100% of the aluminum alloy cylindrical rod obtained in the step (4), removing internal crack defects, and performing saw cutting to remove waste products in the head and tail processes to obtain a finished product casting rod for extrusion;
step (6) adding the cast rod obtained in the step (5) into a long rod furnace, heating the cast rod to 465-;
after on-line quenching, the high-temperature hot extrusion section is conveyed to a cooling platform, and after the section is cooled to below 40 ℃, stretching and straightening are carried out, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 2.0%;
step (8) sawing, stacking and loading the section bar obtained in step (7) into a basket, and carrying out artificial aging treatment in the following manner: heating to 195 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h after discharging;
and (9) carrying out sand blasting, pretreatment before oxidation, vertical anodic oxidation and low-temperature hole sealing on the section obtained in the step (8) to obtain the section with the specified thickness of the oxide film, and then carrying out deep processing on the section to obtain the solar photovoltaic frame section with the specified specification by an automatic line.
The mechanical property and the oxide film property of the above examples 1-5 were measured, and 2 samples were taken for each example, and the measurement results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 results of performance testing of the examples of the invention
The above examples and the detection results are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Claims (4)
1. The aluminum alloy profile for the solar photovoltaic frame is characterized by comprising the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.50-0.90% of Si, 0.40-0.80% of Mg, 0.15-0.25% of Fe, 0.015-0.025% of Ti, less than 0.08% of Cu, less than 0.08% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Zn, and the balance of Al, wherein the total amount is 100%, and the sum of the mass percentages of Cu and Mn is 0.08-0.16%.
2. The aluminum alloy profile for the solar photovoltaic frame is characterized by comprising the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.50-0.65% of Si, 0.55-0.65% of Mg, 0.20% of Fe, 0.020% of Ti, less than 0.10% of Cu, less than 0.10% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Zn, and the balance of Al, wherein the total amount is 100%, and the sum of the mass percentages of Cu and Mn is 0.08-0.16%.
3. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy profile for the solar photovoltaic frame as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which comprises,
step (1): mixing Al99.70bPutting an aluminum ingot and a foundry returns into a smelting furnace, and keeping the temperature of aluminum liquid at 680-730 ℃ after smelting and melting, wherein the temperature of the aluminum liquid is Al99.70bThe mass percentage of the aluminum ingot is not less than 60%, and the mass percentage of the scrap returns is not more than 40%;
step (2): sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting the components of the aluminum alloy according to the analysis result, then slagging off, and heating up after slagging off to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 750 +/-5 ℃;
and (3): introducing the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (2) into a standing furnace, adding a refiner titanium into the standing furnace in the form of an AlTi5B rod in the furnace guiding process, blowing and refining the refiner titanium in the standing furnace by adopting nitrogen at the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa for 10-20min, and standing the refiner to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 730-745 ℃;
and (4): conveying the aluminum liquid obtained in the step (3) into a designated die to cast in a hot top mode, wherein the casting speed is controlled to be 120-140mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled to be 0.05-0.18Mpa, so as to obtain the aluminum alloy round cast rod;
and (5): performing ultrasonic flaw detection on 100% of the aluminum alloy round cast rod obtained in the step (4), removing internal crack defects, and performing saw cutting to remove waste products in the head and tail processes to obtain a finished product cast rod for extrusion;
and (6): adding the cast rod obtained in the step (5) into a long rod furnace, heating the cast rod to 465-;
and (7): after on-line quenching, the section is conveyed to a cooling platform, and after the section is cooled to below 40 ℃, stretching and straightening are carried out, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 0.5-2.0%;
and (8): sawing, stacking and loading the section bar obtained in the step (7) into a basket, and carrying out artificial aging treatment in the following manner: heating to 195 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h after discharging;
and (9): and (4) carrying out sand blasting, pretreatment before oxidation, vertical anodic oxidation and low-temperature hole sealing on the section obtained in the step (8) to obtain the section with the specified thickness of the oxide film, and then carrying out deep processing automation line to obtain the solar photovoltaic frame section with the specified specification.
4. The method according to claim 3,
in the step (4), the casting speed is controlled at 130mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is controlled at 0.1 MPa.
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| CN113073239A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-06 | 瑞旭实业有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic frame support aluminum alloy material and manufacturing method thereof |
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