CN111996067B - Closed-cycle roasting oil extraction system and process - Google Patents
Closed-cycle roasting oil extraction system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111996067B CN111996067B CN202010992544.6A CN202010992544A CN111996067B CN 111996067 B CN111996067 B CN 111996067B CN 202010992544 A CN202010992544 A CN 202010992544A CN 111996067 B CN111996067 B CN 111996067B
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 161
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 83
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a closed-cycle roasting oil extraction system and process, comprising a conveying and feeding device, a rotary roasting device, a gas-dust separation device, a fractional condensation device, a closed-cycle and noncondensable gas treatment device and a material treatment device. The problems that an open system is low in safety, an oil gas outlet pipeline is easy to block, roasting is insufficient and actual oil production is small in the prior art are effectively solved. According to the invention, nitrogen is introduced into the system for closed cycle, the oxygen content in the system is strictly controlled within 10%, the explosion hazard is avoided, and the nitrogen consumption and the energy consumption are saved. The concurrent process is adopted to avoid the blockage of an oil gas outlet pipeline, the material is baked fully, and the oil yield is higher. The continuous and efficient production of the whole system is realized through the effective connection of the devices and the efficient utilization of energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction and production, in particular to a closed-cycle roasting oil extraction system and a process.
Background
The existing industrial production process for extracting oil from oil-containing materials mainly comprises an extraction method for extracting oil and a heating method for extracting oil. The extraction method is based on similar compatible principle, the materials react with extractant to dissolve, most of organic matters and oil can be extracted after stirring and centrifugation, and fuel oil can be obtained after recycling. The heating oil extraction method is to heat the material to a certain temperature under the anaerobic condition to crack hydrocarbon and organic matters, and condense and recycle.
The distillation process of the steamer is a typical heating method oil extraction process, the process is realized by vacuumizing to reduce the boiling point and combining with a heating fractionation principle, the temperature of the oil-containing material is increased and distilled through an electric heating device of the steamer, and the extracted oil is collected after the evaporated high-temperature oil gas is condensed. The process has the defects of discontinuous production flow, low efficiency and large potential safety hazard.
The published patent also discloses a continuous treatment system for extracting oil from oil-containing materials, which comprises a feeding system, an oil-containing solid waste oil removing system, a fractional condensation recovery system, an oil-containing solid waste refining system, a finished oil treatment system, a material treatment system and a tail gas treatment system. The system has the defects that the atmosphere in the kiln (especially the oxygen content in the kiln) is controlled without corresponding measures, the explosion is extremely easy to occur under the condition of high-temperature roasting, and the system is used as an open system, and the process safety is low. And the trend of the oil-containing material is opposite to the flow direction of the evaporated oil gas, and the high-temperature oil gas is in contact condensation with the cold material, so that the blockage of an oil gas outlet pipeline, insufficient roasting and small actual oil production are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems that an open system is low in safety, an oil gas outlet pipeline is easy to block, roasting is insufficient and actual oil production is small in the prior art, and provides a closed cycle roasting oil extraction system, wherein nitrogen is introduced into the system to carry out closed cycle, so that the oxygen content in the system is strictly controlled within 10%, explosion danger is avoided, and meanwhile, the nitrogen consumption and energy consumption are saved; the trend of the materials and the evaporated oil gas in the system is consistent, the high-temperature oil gas and the materials are discharged out of the roasting device from the discharge end, the high-temperature oil gas is prevented from condensing, the blockage of an oil gas outlet pipeline is avoided, the materials are roasted fully, and the oil yield is high.
The invention adopts the concrete technical scheme for solving the technical problems that: a closed cycle roasting oil extraction system comprising:
The material is conveyed to a feeding device,
The conveying and feeding device comprises a raw material bin and a feeding spiral conveying mechanism, wherein the feeding spiral conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the raw material bin and is used for conveying oil-containing materials to the rotary roasting device;
The rotary roasting device comprises a rotary roasting device, a rotary roasting device and a rotary roasting device,
The rotary roasting device comprises a hearth, a discharge cover and a rotatable cylinder body, wherein the feed end of the cylinder body is in dynamic and static sealing connection with the feed screw conveying mechanism, the hearth circumferentially surrounds the outer wall of the cylinder body and is used for heating the cylinder body, the discharge cover is arranged at the discharge end of the cylinder body, and a first outlet and a second outlet are arranged on the discharge cover;
a gas-dust separation device,
The gas-dust separation device is connected with the first outlet and is used for separating dust in high-temperature oil gas obtained by roasting and steaming;
A fractional condensation device, which comprises a fractional condensation device,
The classifying and condensing device comprises a primary condensing mechanism and a secondary condensing mechanism, the primary condensing mechanism is connected with an oil gas outlet of the gas-dust separating device, and the secondary condensing mechanism is connected with the primary condensing mechanism;
a closed cycle and noncondensable gas treatment device,
The feeding spiral conveying mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with the cylinder body, an air inlet mechanism is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and a non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device is respectively connected with the air inlet mechanism and the hearth through pipelines;
A material processing device, a material processing device and a material processing system,
The material processing device is connected with the second outlet and is used for conveying and storing the roasted material after cooling.
Optionally, an arch breaking mechanism is arranged in the raw material bin and comprises a bar-shaped rake-shaped blade and a rotatable main shaft, the blade is arranged on the main shaft, and the rotating speed of the feeding spiral conveying mechanism is controlled by a variable frequency motor.
Optionally, the rotational speed of barrel can be adjusted, the barrel is feed section, calcination section and ejection of compact section in proper order from the feed end to the discharge end, be equipped with the multiunit nozzle in the furnace, be used for right the calcination section heats, the feed section is equipped with the stock guide, the stock guide is rotatory rectangle sheet around the axis, and one end is fixed the feed end of barrel, the other end extends to the ejection of compact direction and fixes on the inner wall of barrel, the calcination section is equipped with polylith lifting blade, the one end of lifting blade is evenly fixed along circumference on the inner wall of barrel, the other end to form the arch in the barrel.
Optionally, the discharging cover and the outer wall of the gas-dust separation device are both provided with a heat tracing mechanism, and a heat source of the heat tracing mechanism comprises electric heating, electromagnetic heating or high-temperature flue gas in the hearth.
Optionally, the first condensation mechanism includes first condensation pipeline and first oil storage tank, first condensation pipeline with gas dirt separator is connected, first oil storage tank is used for storing the heavy oil behind the first condensation, the second condensation mechanism includes second condenser and second oil storage tank, the second condenser with first oil storage tank is connected, the second oil storage tank is used for storing the light oil behind the second condensation.
Further, a water cooling jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the first condensation pipeline, and the second condenser comprises a tube type condenser.
Optionally, a vacuum pump is arranged in the fractional condensation device and is used for controlling the gas pressure at the first outlet of the rotary roasting device and guiding high-temperature oil gas to enter the gas-dust separation device and the fractional condensation device.
Optionally, the air inlet mechanism includes first air inlet and second air inlet, the noncondensable gas export of classifying condensing equipment pass through the pipeline respectively with the second air inlet with furnace is connected, the noncondensable gas export of classifying condensing equipment with be equipped with first switching valve on the pipeline that the second air inlet is connected, the noncondensable gas export of classifying condensing equipment with be equipped with the second switching valve on the pipeline that furnace is connected.
Optionally, the material processing device includes cooling mechanism, conveying mechanism and storage storehouse, cooling mechanism with the second export is connected, storage storehouse with cooling mechanism passes through conveying mechanism is connected, cooling mechanism includes cooling rotary kiln, powder flow cooler or cold charge screw conveyer, conveying mechanism includes screw conveyer, pipe chain conveyer or bucket elevator.
Further, a bin top dust remover is arranged at the top of the storage bin.
The invention also provides a closed cycle roasting oil extraction process, which comprises the following steps:
1) And (3) material conveying: lifting the oily material to the raw material bin through a travelling crane, and then conveying the material into the rotary roasting device through a feeding spiral conveying mechanism;
2) High-temperature roasting: roasting the oil-containing material in the cylinder at a high temperature through a burner in the hearth, adjusting the rotating speed of the cylinder at the same time, ensuring the residence time of the oil-containing material in the cylinder, discharging the steamed high-temperature oil gas after roasting from the first outlet, and discharging the roasted material from the second outlet;
3) And (3) gas-dust separation: high-temperature oil gas enters the gas-dust separation device after being discharged from the first outlet, and dust mixed in the oil gas is removed;
4) Fractional condensation: the high-temperature oil gas after dust removal enters the fractional condensation device, first-stage condensation is carried out, the condensed heavy oil is collected, then second-stage condensation is carried out, and the condensed light oil is collected;
5) Closed cycle: before the high-temperature roasting step, nitrogen is introduced from the air inlet mechanism, the introduced amount of the nitrogen is adjusted to ensure that the oxygen content in the rotary roasting device is within 10 percent, and the roasted nitrogen is mixed in non-condensable gas after the fractional condensation step and enters the rotary roasting device for recycling through the air inlet mechanism;
6) And (3) material treatment: and the materials discharged from the second outlet enter a material treatment device, and are conveyed and stored after being cooled rapidly.
Optionally, the non-condensable gas condensed in the closed cycle step is compressed and then recycled into the rotary roasting device, and the closed cycle step further comprises the step of periodically feeding the non-condensable gas into the hearth for incineration.
Optionally, the oil-containing material in the high-temperature roasting step is roasted in the cylinder for 2-4 hours, natural gas is adopted as fuel in the hearth, the flame temperature of combustion reaches more than 1000 ℃, and the hearth is provided with a plurality of temperature areas, and each temperature area can independently control the temperature.
Optionally, the fractional condensation device further comprises a vacuum pump, and the oil gas pressure at the first outlet is controlled to be 50-300Pa by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump.
Further, the high-temperature oil gas enters the gas-dust separation device from the first outlet under the action of the negative pressure of the fractional condensation device and/or the vacuum pump to remove dust, and the separated material dust is conveyed to the material processing device for cooling and then is stored.
Optionally, a heat tracing mechanism is arranged on the outer walls of the discharging cover and the gas-dust separation device, and the discharging cover and the gas-dust separation device are heated by adopting electric heating, electromagnetic heating or high-temperature flue gas led out of the hearth.
Optionally, the temperature of the oil gas of the first-stage condensation in the fractional condensation step is reduced to 140-180 ℃, and the temperature of the oil gas of the second-stage condensation is reduced to 50-80 ℃.
Furthermore, the oil gas in the pipeline is indirectly cooled by cooling water outside the pipeline flowing in the countercurrent direction of the oil gas in the primary condensation, and the oil gas is cooled by using a shell and tube condenser in the secondary condensation.
Optionally, the material discharged from the second outlet in the material treatment step enters a cooling rotary kiln for quenching and cooling, the bottom of the cooling rotary kiln is soaked in a water tank, cooling water is directly sprayed on the top of the cooling rotary kiln for cooling in an indirect water cooling mode, and the rotating speed of the cooling rotary kiln is adjusted to adjust the cooling time of the material, so that the temperature of the cooled material is not more than 60 ℃.
Optionally, the cooled materials in the material processing step are sent to a storage bin through a conveying mechanism, a dust remover arranged on the top of the storage bin guarantees a negative pressure working condition of a dust raising point, dust raising is prevented, and the stored materials are discharged to the outside of an automobile through a bulk loader.
As described above, the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects compared with the closest prior art:
1. By introducing nitrogen into the system, the oxygen content in the system is strictly controlled within 10%, the explosion hazard is prevented, the safety of the whole production process is improved, and meanwhile, the nitrogen consumption and the energy consumption are saved by adopting a nitrogen closed cycle mode;
2. The movement direction of the material in the system is consistent with the flow direction of the evaporated oil gas, so that the problems that a pipeline is easy to be blocked and the oil yield is low due to rapid condensation caused by direct contact between the high-temperature oil gas and the cold material just entering the system are avoided, the material is baked sufficiently, and the oil yield is high;
3. Through adjusting equipment rotational speed, adaptability is stronger, can guarantee long-time continuous production, and production efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structures of the conveying and feeding device and the rotary roasting device in the invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the arch breaking mechanism according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the guide plate according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a material lifting plate according to the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a resistive wire for electrical heating and a high-frequency coil for electromagnetic heating in the heat tracing mechanism of the present invention
Description of element reference numerals
1. Conveying and feeding device
2. Rotary roasting device
3. Gas-dust separation device
4. Fractional condensation device
5. Closed cycle and noncondensable gas processing apparatus
6. Material handling device
11. Raw material bin
12. Feeding screw conveying mechanism
13. Air inlet pipe
21. Barrel body
22. Hearth furnace
23. Discharging cover
24. Burner nozzle
31. Resistance wire
32. High-frequency coil
41. First condensing pipeline
42. First oil storage tank
43. Water-cooling jacket
44. Second condenser
45. Second oil storage tank
46. Vacuum pump
51. First air inlet
52. Second air inlet
53. First switching valve
54. Second switching valve
61. Cooling rotary kiln
62. Bucket elevator
63. Storage bin
111. Arch breaking mechanism
112. Blade
113. Main shaft
211. Material guiding plate
212. Material lifting plate
231. A first outlet
232. A second outlet
631. Cabin roof dust remover
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. of the present disclosure are shown and described only in conjunction with the present disclosure, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, without any technical essential importance, however, any structural modifications, proportional changes, or dimensional adjustments should fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy or achievement of the present invention. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
The following examples are given by way of illustration only. Various embodiments may be combined and are not limited to only what is presented in the following single embodiment.
In the present embodiment of the present invention,
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a closed cycle roasting oil extraction system, which comprises a conveying and feeding device 1, a rotary roasting device 2, a gas-dust separation device 3, a fractional condensation device 4, a closed cycle and noncondensable gas treatment device 5 and a material treatment device 6.
The conveying and feeding device 1 comprises a raw material bin 11 and a feeding spiral conveying mechanism 12, when the rotary roasting device is used for production, oil-containing materials contained in tons are lifted to the raw material bin 11 through a travelling crane, and then the oil-containing materials are conveyed into the rotary roasting device 2 through the feeding spiral conveying mechanism 12 at the bottom of the raw material bin 11. The rotary roasting device 2 comprises a hearth 22, a discharge cover 23 and a rotatable cylinder 21, the feeding screw conveying mechanism 12 comprises an air inlet pipe 13, the air inlet pipe 13 is a part of a shell of the feeding screw conveying mechanism 12, the air inlet pipe 13 is in dynamic and static sealing connection with the cylinder 21, and sealing between the cylinder 21 and the air inlet pipe 13 is reliable when the cylinder 21 rotates. The air inlet pipe 13 is provided with an air inlet mechanism, and the air inlet mechanism in this embodiment includes a first air inlet 51 and a second air inlet 52, and nitrogen enters the cylinder 21 through the first air inlet 51. The furnace 22 circumferentially surrounds the outer wall of the cylinder 21, and a plurality of groups of natural gas burners 24 are arranged in the furnace 22 and used for heating the cylinder 21, in this embodiment, 6 natural gas burners 24 are adopted and divided into three groups to heat the cylinder 21, the flame temperature during natural gas combustion reaches more than 1000 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by radiation and combustion heats the cylinder 21.
The furnace 24 is provided with a plurality of temperature zones, and each temperature zone can independently control the temperature, so that the roasting temperature of each zone can be flexibly adjusted. Meanwhile, the material roasting time can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the cylinder 21. By adopting the method, different operations are executed aiming at materials with different oil contents and different oil contents, and the adaptability to the materials is strong. The firing time in the cylinder 21 is 2-4 hours for different materials. The roasting time of the material in this embodiment is 2 hours, the barrel 21 rotates according to a set frequency, the oil-containing material moves from the feeding end to the discharging end in the barrel 21, meanwhile, the high-temperature oil gas evaporated by high-temperature roasting also flows to the discharging end of the barrel 21, the discharging end of the barrel 21 is provided with a discharging cover 23, the discharging cover 23 is provided with a first outlet 231 and a second outlet 232, the high-temperature oil gas is discharged from the first outlet 231, and the roasted material is discharged from the second outlet 232.
By adopting the concurrent flow process, namely, the direction of the material movement is consistent with the flow direction of the evaporated oil gas, the material moves from the feed end to the discharge end, the oil gas is contacted with the roasted high-temperature material without condensation, the direct contact of the evaporated oil gas and the normal-temperature raw material just entering the cylinder 21 during the countercurrent process can be effectively avoided, the rapid condensation can cause the blockage of an oil gas outlet, and the problems of small system oil yield and high oil content of the roasted material can be solved.
In the preheating and roasting process of the system, the oxygen content in the rotary roasting device 2 is controlled to be within 10% by adjusting the nitrogen amount entering the system through the first air inlet 51, and in the embodiment, the oxygen content in the rotary roasting device 2 is 10%, so that the oil gas explosion limit range can be avoided, and the safety of the system production is ensured.
The high-temperature oil gas discharged from the first outlet 231 enters the gas-dust separation device 3 to remove dust, the dust-removed oil gas enters the first condensation pipeline 41 to be primarily condensed and recovered, a water-cooling jacket 42 is arranged on the outer wall of the first condensation pipeline 41, the high-temperature oil gas flows away from the inner pipeline, the cooling water flows away from the outer water-cooling jacket 42, the flow directions of the high-temperature oil gas and the cooling water are opposite, the temperature of the oil gas can be reduced to 140-180 ℃ through countercurrent heat exchange, the temperature of the oil gas after primary condensation in the embodiment is 140 ℃, and the condensed heavy oil enters the first oil storage tank 42. The oil gas enters a second condenser 44 for further condensation and temperature reduction, the second condenser 44 is a tube condenser, the high-temperature oil gas passes through a tube pass, the cooling water passes through a shell pass, the temperature of the oil gas can be cooled to 50-80 ℃, the temperature of the oil gas after the secondary condensation in the embodiment is 50 ℃, and the condensed light oil enters a second oil storage tank 45. The oil tank is internally provided with a liquid level meter, and oil is conveyed to the tank truck for external transportation through an oil pump. According to the design, oil gas condensation is carried out in a multistage condensation mode, and the cooling efficiency is high.
The nitrogen entering the rotary roasting device 2 can reduce the oil gas distillation partial pressure, thereby reducing the roasting temperature, being beneficial to the evaporation of heavy oil gas and saving energy consumption. Meanwhile, nitrogen is used as carrier gas, and the evaporated oil gas can be rapidly sent to the fractional condensation device 4, so that the oil extraction efficiency of the system is improved.
The nitrogen carries oil gas into the fractional condensation device 4, the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device 4 is respectively connected with the second air inlet 52 and the hearth 22 through pipelines, a first switching valve 53 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device 4 with the second air inlet 52, and a second switching valve 54 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device 4 with the hearth 22. The first switching valve 53 is opened, the second switching valve 54 is closed, nitrogen in the condensed oil gas becomes non-condensable gas, and the non-condensable gas is compressed by the vacuum pump 46 in the fractional condensation device 4 and then enters the rotary roasting device 2 again through the second air inlet 52 for recycling. The nitrogen closed circulation mode can save the nitrogen consumption in the production process. Meanwhile, the condensed noncondensable gas contains a large amount of nitrogen, and is also mixed with pyrolysis light component oil, so that for environmental protection and safety, after the noncondensable gas circulates for one week, the first switching valve 53 is closed, the second switching valve 54 is opened, and the noncondensable gas is sent into the hearth 22 for incineration treatment, so that environmental pollution is avoided.
The materials collected by the gas-dust separation device 3 and the high-temperature materials discharged from the second outlet 232 enter the cooling mechanism 61, and the cooling mechanism 61 can adopt a cooling rotary kiln, a powder flow cooler or a cold material screw machine. In the embodiment, the material is cooled by adopting the cooling rotary kiln 61 in a quenching way, the bottom of the cooling rotary kiln 61 is soaked in a water tank, cooling water is directly sprayed from the top, and the material is cooled by adopting an indirect water cooling way. The fins are arranged outside the cooling rotary kiln 61, so that the heat exchange area can be increased, and the cooling effect can be enhanced. In production, the cooling time of the material can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the cooling rotary kiln 61, so that the temperature of the cooled material is below 60 ℃, and the temperature of the cooled material in this embodiment is 60 ℃. The method for quenching the materials in the closed environment can improve the production efficiency.
The roasted material has small granularity and density and is easy to raise dust. The cooled material is sent to the storage bin 63 for airtight storage by a conveying mechanism, which may be a screw conveyor, a pipe chain conveyor or a bucket elevator, and in this embodiment, the bucket elevator 62 is used for conveying. The top of the storage bin 63 is provided with a bin top dust remover 631, so that the negative pressure working condition of dust raising points is ensured, and dust raising is prevented. The materials in the storage bin 63 can be transported out through bulk or ton bag packaging of an automobile.
The rotation speed of the feeding screw conveying mechanism 12, the rotary roasting device 2 and the cooling rotary kiln 61 and the output power of the natural gas burner 24 can be adjusted, and the continuous and efficient production of the whole system is realized through the effective connection of all the devices and the efficient utilization of energy.
In the present embodiment of the present invention,
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, an arch breaking mechanism 111 is disposed in the raw material bin 11, and the arch breaking mechanism 111 includes a bar-shaped rake-shaped blade 112 and a rotatable main shaft 113, and the blade 112 is mounted on the main shaft 113. The rotational speed of the feed screw conveyor 12 is controlled by a variable frequency motor. The design can effectively avoid the bridging phenomenon of viscous materials in the raw material bin 11, and can adjust the feeding amount at the same time, thereby ensuring the continuity of production.
The roasting time of the material in the barrel 21 is 4 hours, the temperature of the oil gas after primary condensation is 180 ℃, and the temperature of the oil gas after secondary condensation is 80 ℃.
The discharging cover 23 and the outer wall of the gas-dust separation device 3 are both provided with a heat tracing mechanism, and a heat source of the heat tracing mechanism comprises electric heating, electromagnetic heating or high-temperature flue gas in the hearth 24. In this embodiment, the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace 24 is led out by an induced draft fan and is led into the heat tracing mechanism to indirectly heat the inner walls of the discharging cover 23 and the gas-dust separation device 3, so as to prevent oil gas from condensing and adhering to the inner walls. In addition, the heat energy of tail gas can be effectively utilized by adopting the flue gas heat tracing, and the aim of saving energy can be simultaneously achieved.
In the present embodiment of the present invention,
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the stage condensation device 4 is provided with a vacuum pump 46, and by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump 46, the outlet pressure of the oil gas at the first outlet 231 can be controlled to be 50-300 Pa, and the high-temperature oil gas can be led into the gas-dust separation device 3 and the stage condensation device 4. In this embodiment, the outlet pressure of the oil gas at the first outlet 231 is adjusted to be 50Pa, so that the working condition in the rotary roasting device 2 is indirectly controlled to be micro-positive pressure, so as to prevent air from leaking into the rotary roasting device 2, and effectively avoid the risk of explosion.
Meanwhile, the high-temperature oil gas enters the gas-dust separation device 3 from the first outlet 231 for dust removal under the action of the negative pressure of the fractional condensation device 4 and/or the vacuum pump 46.
In this embodiment, the heat source of the heat tracing mechanism is electric heating, the resistance wire 31 is coiled on the outer wall of the heat tracing mechanism, the resistance wire 31 is electrified to generate heat, the outer wall of the heat tracing mechanism is heated, and the discharging cover 23 and the inner wall of the gas-dust separation device 3 are heated from outside to inside, so that oil gas condensation is prevented from adhering to the inner wall.
In the present embodiment of the present invention,
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the cylinder 21 is divided into a feeding section, a roasting section and a discharging section. The feeding section is provided with a guide plate 211, the guide plate 211 is a rectangular thin plate rotating around a central axis, one end of the guide plate 211 is fixed at the feeding end of the cylinder 21, the other end of the guide plate extends towards the discharging direction and is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 21, and along with the rotation of the cylinder 21, the guide plate 211 can rapidly convey materials to the roasting section for heating, and meanwhile, a self-cleaning mechanism is arranged, so that the materials can be prevented from being adhered on the cylinder wall. The roasting section is provided with a plurality of lifting blades 212, one end of each lifting blade 212 is uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 21 along the circumferential direction, and the other end of each lifting blade forms a protrusion into the cylinder 21. When the cylinder 21 rotates, the material lifting plate 212 brings the material from the stacking position at the bottom of the cylinder 21 and then tilts the material down, so that the phenomena of easy adhesion and wall hanging of the material can be broken, and meanwhile, the heat exchange area of the material is effectively enlarged, and the oil vapor evaporation is promoted.
The roasting time of the material in the barrel 21 is 3 hours, the temperature of the oil gas after primary condensation is 160 ℃, and the temperature of the oil gas after secondary condensation is 60 ℃. The outlet pressure of the oil gas at the first outlet 231 is adjusted to 300 Pa by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump 46, so that the working condition in the rotary roasting device 2 is indirectly controlled to be micro-positive pressure, and the air is prevented from leaking into the rotary roasting device 2, so that the danger of explosion can be effectively avoided.
In the present embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, in the present embodiment, the heat source of the heat tracing mechanism is electromagnetic heating, a high-frequency coil 32 for electromagnetic heating is wound around the outer wall of the apparatus, an alternating current generates a magnetic field after being electrified, and the discharging cover 23 and the air-dust separation device 3 are subjected to electromagnetic induction in the magnetic field to generate eddy current to generate heat.
The outlet pressure of the oil gas at the first outlet 231 is adjusted to be 100Pa by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump 46, so that the working condition in the rotary roasting device 2 is indirectly controlled to be micro-positive pressure, and the air is prevented from leaking into the rotary roasting device 2, so that the danger of explosion can be effectively avoided.
In conclusion, the invention effectively reduces the risk of explosion and improves the safety of production; by adopting the concurrent process, the pipeline is prevented from being blocked, the material is fully roasted, and the oil yield is higher; the conveying and feeding device can effectively avoid raw material blocking and bridging; the continuous and efficient production of the whole system is realized through the effective connection of the devices and the efficient utilization of energy. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (19)
1. A closed cycle calcination oil extraction system comprising:
The material is conveyed to a feeding device,
The conveying and feeding device comprises a raw material bin and a feeding spiral conveying mechanism, wherein the feeding spiral conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the raw material bin and is used for conveying oil-containing materials to the rotary roasting device;
The rotary roasting device comprises a rotary roasting device, a rotary roasting device and a rotary roasting device,
The rotary roasting device comprises a hearth, a discharge cover and a rotatable cylinder body, wherein the feed end of the cylinder body is in dynamic and static sealing connection with the feed screw conveying mechanism, the hearth circumferentially surrounds the outer wall of the cylinder body and is used for heating the cylinder body, the discharge cover is arranged at the discharge end of the cylinder body, and a first outlet and a second outlet are arranged on the discharge cover;
a gas-dust separation device,
The gas-dust separation device is connected with the first outlet and is used for separating dust in high-temperature oil gas obtained by roasting and steaming;
A fractional condensation device, which comprises a fractional condensation device,
The classifying and condensing device comprises a primary condensing mechanism and a secondary condensing mechanism, the primary condensing mechanism is connected with an oil gas outlet of the gas-dust separating device, and the secondary condensing mechanism is connected with the primary condensing mechanism;
a closed cycle and noncondensable gas treatment device,
The feeding spiral conveying mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with the cylinder body, an air inlet mechanism is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and a non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device is respectively connected with the air inlet mechanism and the hearth through pipelines;
A material processing device, a material processing device and a material processing system,
The material processing device is connected with the second outlet and is used for conveying and storing the roasted material after cooling;
The air inlet mechanism comprises a first air inlet and a second air inlet, a non-condensable gas outlet of the classifying condenser is respectively connected with the second air inlet and the hearth through pipelines, a first switching valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with the non-condensable gas outlet of the classifying condenser and the second air inlet, a second switching valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with the non-condensable gas outlet of the classifying condenser and the hearth, and nitrogen enters the cylinder through the first air inlet.
2. The closed-cycle roasting oil extraction system according to claim 1, wherein an arch breaking mechanism is arranged in the raw material bin, the arch breaking mechanism comprises a bar-shaped rake-shaped blade and a rotatable main shaft, the blade is arranged on the main shaft, and the rotating speed of the feeding screw conveying mechanism is controlled by a variable frequency motor.
3. The closed-loop roasting oil extraction system according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the cylinder body is adjustable, the cylinder body is provided with a feeding section, a roasting section and a discharging section from a feeding end to a discharging end in sequence, a plurality of groups of burners are arranged in the hearth and used for heating the roasting section, the feeding section is provided with a guide plate, the guide plate is a rectangular thin plate rotating around a central axis, one end of the guide plate is fixed at the feeding end of the cylinder body, the other end of the guide plate extends towards the discharging direction and is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the roasting section is provided with a plurality of lifting plates, one end of each lifting plate is uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body along the circumferential direction, and the other end of each lifting plate forms a protrusion in the cylinder body.
4. The closed-cycle roasting oil extraction system according to claim 3, wherein the outer walls of the discharge cover and the gas-dust separation device are both provided with a heat tracing mechanism, and a heat source of the heat tracing mechanism comprises electric heating, electromagnetic heating or high-temperature flue gas in the hearth.
5. The closed-cycle roasting oil extraction system of claim 3, wherein the primary condensing mechanism comprises a first condensing pipeline and a first oil storage tank, the first condensing pipeline is connected with the gas-dust separation device, the first oil storage tank is used for storing primary condensed heavy oil, the secondary condensing mechanism comprises a second condenser and a second oil storage tank, the second condenser is connected with the first oil storage tank, and the second oil storage tank is used for storing secondary condensed light oil.
6. The closed cycle calcination oil extraction system of claim 5, wherein the first condensing tube has a water-cooled jacket on an outer wall thereof, and the second condenser comprises a shell-and-tube condenser.
7. A closed cycle roasting oil extraction system according to claim 3, wherein a vacuum pump is provided in the fractional condensation device for controlling the gas pressure at the first outlet of the rotary roasting device and directing high temperature oil gas into the gas and dust separation device and the fractional condensation device.
8. A closed cycle calcination oil extraction system according to claim 3 wherein the material handling apparatus includes a cooling mechanism connected to the second outlet, a conveying mechanism connected to the cooling mechanism through the conveying mechanism, the cooling mechanism including a cooling rotary kiln, a powder flow cooler or a cold material screw conveyor, and a storage bin including a screw conveyor, a tube chain conveyor or a bucket elevator.
9. The closed cycle roasting oil extraction system of claim 8, wherein the top of the storage bin is provided with a bin top dust remover.
10. A closed cycle roasting oil extraction process using the closed cycle roasting oil extraction system of any one of claims 3 to 9, comprising the steps of:
1) And (3) material conveying: lifting the oily material to the raw material bin through a travelling crane, and then conveying the material into the rotary roasting device through a feeding spiral conveying mechanism;
2) High-temperature roasting: roasting the oil-containing material in the cylinder at a high temperature through a burner in the hearth, adjusting the rotating speed of the cylinder at the same time, ensuring the residence time of the oil-containing material in the cylinder, discharging the steamed high-temperature oil gas after roasting from the first outlet, and discharging the roasted material from the second outlet;
3) And (3) gas-dust separation: high-temperature oil gas enters the gas-dust separation device after being discharged from the first outlet, and dust mixed in the oil gas is removed;
4) Fractional condensation: the high-temperature oil gas after dust removal enters the fractional condensation device, first-stage condensation is carried out, the condensed heavy oil is collected, then second-stage condensation is carried out, and the condensed light oil is collected;
5) Closed cycle: before the high-temperature roasting step, nitrogen is introduced from the air inlet mechanism, the introduced amount of the nitrogen is adjusted to ensure that the oxygen content in the rotary roasting device is within 10 percent, and the roasted nitrogen is mixed in non-condensable gas after the fractional condensation step and enters the rotary roasting device for recycling through the air inlet mechanism;
6) And (3) material treatment: and the materials discharged from the second outlet enter a material treatment device, and are conveyed and stored after being cooled rapidly.
11. The roasting oil extraction process according to claim 10, wherein the non-condensable gas condensed in the closed cycle step is compressed and recycled to the rotary roasting device, and the closed cycle step further comprises periodically feeding the non-condensable gas into the furnace for incineration.
12. The process for roasting and extracting oil according to claim 10, wherein the time for roasting the oil-containing material in the cylinder in the high-temperature roasting step is 2-4 hours, natural gas is used as fuel in the hearth, the burning flame temperature reaches more than 1000 ℃, and the hearth is provided with a plurality of temperature areas, and each temperature area can independently control the temperature.
13. The roasting oil extraction process of claim 10, wherein the fractional condensing device further comprises a vacuum pump, and the oil gas pressure at the first outlet is controlled to be 50-300Pa by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump.
14. The roasting and oil extraction process according to claim 13, wherein the high-temperature oil gas enters the gas-dust separation device from the first outlet under the negative pressure of the fractional condensation device to remove dust, and the separated material dust is conveyed to the material treatment device for cooling and then stored.
15. The process for roasting and extracting oil according to claim 10, wherein a heat tracing mechanism is arranged on the outer walls of the discharge cover and the gas-dust separation device, and the discharge cover and the gas-dust separation device are heated by electric heating, electromagnetic heating or high-temperature flue gas led out of the hearth.
16. The roasting oil extraction process of claim 10, wherein the temperature of the primary condensed oil gas in the step of fractional condensation is reduced to 140-180 ℃ and the temperature of the secondary condensed oil gas is reduced to 50-80 ℃.
17. The roasting oil extraction process of claim 16, wherein the oil gas in the pipeline is indirectly cooled by cooling water outside the pipeline flowing in a countercurrent direction to the oil gas in the primary condensation, and the oil gas is cooled by a shell and tube condenser in the secondary condensation.
18. The process for roasting and extracting oil according to claim 10, wherein the material discharged from the second outlet in the material treatment step enters a cooling rotary kiln for quenching and cooling, the bottom of the cooling rotary kiln is soaked in a water tank, cooling water is directly sprayed on the top of the cooling rotary kiln for cooling by indirect water cooling, and the cooling time of the material is regulated by regulating the rotating speed of the cooling rotary kiln, so that the temperature of the cooled material is not more than 60 ℃.
19. The roasting oil extraction process according to claim 10, wherein the cooled material in the material treatment step is sent to a storage bin through a conveying mechanism, and negative pressure working conditions of dust raising points are ensured through a bin top dust remover arranged in the storage bin, so that dust raising is prevented, and the stored material is discharged to the outside of an automobile through a bulk machine.
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