CN111991039B

CN111991039B - Novel sternum retractor

Info

Publication number: CN111991039B
Application number: CN202010831514.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李占辉; 陈尔冲; 王瑞; 孙志乾
Original assignee: Shinva Surgical Instrument Co ltd
Current assignee: Shinva Surgical Instrument Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-18
Filing date: 2020-08-18
Publication date: 2024-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-18
Also published as: CN111991039A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and specifically relates to a new type of sternal retractor, which includes a guide rail, a movable arm and a retracting blade. A guide groove is provided at the lower end of the movable arm and the movable arm is assembled on the guide rail through the guide groove. The movable arm can be displaced along the guide rail and can be positioned. One end of the guide rail is fixedly connected to a base, and a rotating arm is installed on the base. The rotating arm can rotate along the axial direction. A locking mechanism is provided corresponding to the rotating arm, and the position of the rotating arm is locked by the locking mechanism. The movable arm and the rotating arm are provided with a retracting blade. In the present invention, since the rotating arm can rotate along the axial direction, the retracting blade can be driven to swing within a certain range, so that in the process of stretching the sternum, the sternum on the other side can be raised to a certain height, so that the doctor can fully expose the situation under the sternum during the operation, and can conveniently and simply expose the internal mammary artery blood vessels in cardiothoracic surgery, ensuring a clear surgical field of view, providing great convenience for the doctor's surgical operation, and reducing the surgical risk.

Description

Novel sternum retractor

Technical Field

The invention relates to a novel sternum retractor, and belongs to the field of medical appliances.

Background

The sternum retractor is used as a very important instrument for cardiothoracic surgery and has important clinical significance. The heart bypass and valve replacement operation accounts for about 1/2 of the whole heart chest operation, the retractor is an instrument which is necessary in the operation process, and the market proportion is large.

The conventional sternal retractors have the following problems:

1. The sternum retractor is mainly used for retracting the sternum, and the traditional sternum retractor can only complete the pulling action in the horizontal direction, so that a doctor can only retract the sternum in the horizontal direction in the operation process, the separation process of blood vessels and muscle tissues under the sternum is troublesome, and the operation vision under the sternum can not be fully exposed due to limited vision, so that the doctor can cause increased risk to patients due to unclear vision misoperation during operation, the operation time is increased, and great hidden danger is brought to operation.

2. The traditional sternum retractor has the advantages that the retractor blades are fixed on the bracket, and the angle cannot be adjusted, so that the sternum is easily damaged in the clinical operation process.

3. Because different traction modes are needed for different chest opening operations, different traction blades are needed, and even in the same chest opening operation, traction blades with different depths are often needed to be replaced to draw muscles and breastbones to expose operation positions for different patients (such as different men and women, different fatness and thinness and the like) and when the same person performs operation. However, in the traditional retractor, because the retractor blades are fixed on the bracket, various types of retractors are needed to be equipped in the chest-opening operation, and different retractors are needed to be replaced according to different situations, so that on one hand, the cost of surgical instruments is high, and on the other hand, the operation is inconvenient.

4. In the valve replacement operation, a valve retractor is needed, but the valve retractor is often unstable in fixation, and potential safety hazards exist in the operation process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects in the prior art, providing the novel sternum retractor which can be pulled in the horizontal direction and axially rotated, and has flexible and convenient operation and good pulling effect, and can conveniently and simply expose the internal mammary artery blood vessel, ensure clear surgical field and reduce surgical risks in cardiothoracic surgery.

The novel sternum retractor comprises a guide rail, a movable arm and a retracting blade, wherein the lower end of the movable arm is provided with a guide groove and is assembled on the guide rail through the guide groove, the movable arm can displace along the guide rail and can realize positioning, one end of the guide rail is fixedly connected with a base, a rotating arm is arranged on the base and can rotate along the axial direction, a locking mechanism is arranged corresponding to the rotating arm, the position of the rotating arm is locked through the locking mechanism, and the movable arm and the rotating arm are provided with the retracting blade.

In the novel sternum retractor, the rotating arm can rotate along the axial direction, so that the retracting blades can be driven to swing within a certain range, the sternum on the other side can be lifted to a certain height in the process of expanding the sternum, a doctor can fully expose the condition under the sternum in the operation, the internal mammary artery blood vessel can be conveniently and simply exposed in the cardiothoracic operation, the operation visual field is ensured to be clear, great convenience is provided for the doctor operation, and the operation risk is reduced.

Preferably, the contact end surfaces of the rotating arm and the base are tooth surfaces meshed with each other (corresponding to the gear meshing of the two end surfaces), a longitudinal through hole is formed in the base, a threaded hole corresponding to the position of the longitudinal through hole is formed in the lower end of the rotating arm, a knob is additionally arranged, threads are formed in the upper end of a knob rod part, the knob rod part penetrates through the longitudinal through hole from bottom to top and is screwed into the threaded hole, and the knob and the two tooth surfaces jointly form the locking mechanism. The knob is loosened, so that partial threads at the upper end of the knob rod part are still in threaded connection with threaded holes at the lower end of the rotary arm (namely, the knob rod part is kept connected with the rotary arm), at the moment, the rotary arm is separated from the two tooth surfaces of the base, namely, the rotary arm is rotated according to the requirement to adjust the angle of the rotary arm, and when the knob is screwed and the rotary arm is mutually meshed with the two tooth surfaces of the base, the position of the rotary arm is locked.

Further preferably, the longitudinal through hole of the base is a step hole, the lower aperture of the longitudinal through hole is larger than the upper aperture, the lower portion of the knob rod is sleeved with a locking spring, and the outer diameter of the locking spring is larger than the upper aperture of the step hole and smaller than the lower aperture of the step hole.

Still more preferably, the tooth surfaces of the base and the rotating arm are provided with limiting structures, each limiting structure comprises a limiting column and an arc limiting groove, the limiting columns and the arc limiting grooves are respectively positioned on different tooth surfaces, the end parts of the limiting columns are always positioned in the arc limiting grooves, the rotating arm is provided with scale marks for marking the rotating angle corresponding to the limiting structures, and the base is provided with a datum line. The end part of the limiting column is positioned in the circular arc limiting groove, so that the limiting effect can be achieved in the axial rotation process of the rotating arm, namely, the rotating arm is limited to rotate in a certain range through the limiting structure. When a certain scale mark on the rotating arm is aligned with the datum line, the rotating arm rotates by a corresponding angle, so that the rotating angle of the rotating arm can be controlled conveniently. In this embodiment, the rotation angle of the rotation arm is not more than 25 ° either clockwise or counterclockwise.

Preferably, the outer sides of the movable arm and the rotating arm are respectively provided with a clamping groove for installing the retracting blade, the clamping grooves are of semi-closed structures, clamping seats are arranged on the retracting blade corresponding to the clamping grooves, and the clamping seats are clamped into the clamping grooves from the non-closed ends to realize the assembly of the retracting blade. When the chest retractor is used, the retractor blades of different types and different models can be provided, so that the retractor blades (such as retractor blades with different depths according to different operation positions) can be replaced timely according to clinical operation, and the replacement operation is simple and convenient, so that most of operations can be completed only by one retractor in most of chest operations, namely, most of open chest operations in clinic can be satisfied through the chest retractor, and the coverage is wide.

The clamping seat and the clamping groove in the invention are preferably in the following structures:

The clamping seat sequentially comprises a seat body, a clamping block, a positioning table and a limiting body from bottom to top, wherein the seat body of the clamping seat is welded on a retracting blade, a step is arranged in a clamping groove and divides the groove body into an upper groove body and a lower groove body, the lower groove body is arranged corresponding to the clamping block, the upper groove body is arranged corresponding to the limiting body, the cross sections of the clamping block and the positioning table are round, a positioning groove matched with the positioning table is formed in a step surface (namely the bottom of the upper groove body), the non-closed end of the upper groove body is in a flaring shape, and the width of the limiting body, which is close to the closed end of the upper groove body from the middle position of the limiting body, is gradually narrowed, and a certain gap is reserved between the limiting body and the inner wall of the upper groove body. Like this, when the cassette card of the blade of pulling back goes into the draw-in groove, the fixture block card goes into the lower cell body, the spacing body is located the upper cell body, the location platform is located the positioning groove and realizes the location, the cassette card goes into the draw-in groove this moment, in the normal operation process, because of the effort that the blade of pulling back received the sternum to the blade of pulling back inboard, therefore the cassette can block in the draw-in groove all the time, can not break away from in the draw-in groove, but the cassette can take place the small-size rotation of certain angle along its axial, thereby on the one hand will pull back the blade firmly install on the movable arm or swinging boom, on the other hand, the in-process of strutting the sternum can play the effect of automatically regulated blade of pulling back, accomplish soft tractive, prevent that the sternum from appearing damage or fracture, it is effectual to pull, can also avoid the muscle damage.

Preferably, the spring steel ball positioning structures are arranged on the back sides of the movable arm and the rotary arm and respectively arranged on two sides of the clamping groove at the mounting positions corresponding to the retracting blades, each spring steel ball positioning structure comprises a positioning groove, steel balls, a spring and a baffle ring, each positioning groove is formed in the back sides of the movable arm and the rotary arm, each spring is mounted on the lower portion of each positioning groove, the steel balls are mounted above each spring, the baffle ring is fixedly mounted at the notch position of each positioning groove, the inner diameter of each baffle ring is smaller than the diameter of each steel ball, and the upper portions of the steel balls protrude out of the notch of each positioning groove and are limited through the baffle rings. The spring steel ball positioning structure is arranged at the assembling position of the retracting blade and the movable arm or the rotating arm, so that the retracting blade is softer in installation, and meanwhile, the retracting blade can be tightly matched.

Preferably, the breast-in blade is additionally arranged, one end of the breast-in blade is a lifting hook, the other end of the breast-in blade is an assembling end, an assembling groove for assembling the retracting blade is formed in the assembling end, and teeth are arranged at the hook part of the lifting hook. When the breast milk hook is used, the assembly end of the breast milk blade is hooked on the hook part of the retraction blade through the assembly groove, then the rotating arm rotates a certain angle, the breast bone is pulled by the lifting hook of the breast milk blade, so that the breast milk artery blood vessel under the breast bone can be conveniently and fully exposed in the heart breast surgery process, a doctor has enough surgery field to separate the breast milk artery blood vessel, the surgery risk is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the teeth arranged on the lifting hook part can play a role of firm fixation.

Preferably, a fastening component for connecting and fastening the valve retractor is additionally arranged, the fastening component comprises a bracket fixing seat, a movable bracket, an angle positioning bolt, a locking ball head and a fixing bolt, the bracket fixing seat is arranged on a movable arm or a rotating arm, the movable bracket and the bracket fixing seat can rotate relatively and are locked and positioned through the angle positioning bolt, a U-shaped groove is arranged on the movable bracket, the locking ball head is arranged in the U-shaped groove, an assembly through hole is formed in the center position of the locking ball head, a valve retractor rod part is arranged in the assembly through hole, an upper locking groove is formed in the upper end of the locking ball head from top to bottom, a lower locking groove is formed in the lower end of the locking ball head from bottom to top, the upper locking groove and the lower locking groove are alternately arranged and are communicated with the assembly through hole, the fixing bolt is arranged at the opening end of the U-shaped groove, and the valve retractor is locked and positioned through the fixing bolt. When the valve hook is applied, the valve hook rod is assembled in the assembly through hole of the locking ball head, the valve hook is locked by the locking ball head after the fixing bolt is screwed due to the special design of the locking ball head, so that the valve hook is connected and fastened with the fastening component, the valve can be pulled more conveniently, the operation visual field is clear, the potential safety hazard caused by unstable fixation of the valve hook can be avoided, the position of the valve hook can be flexibly changed according to the operation requirement through the locking ball head, and the operation is convenient.

The support fixing seat is further preferably arranged on the movable arm or the rotating arm through the locker, the locker comprises a fixing base, a locking screw and a pressing block, the fixing base comprises an upper top plate, a longitudinal beam and a lower bottom plate, the upper top plate is connected with the lower bottom plate into a whole through the longitudinal beam, a cavity between the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate is a mounting groove, a screw hole is formed in the upper top plate, the lower end of the locking screw is screwed into the mounting groove through the screw hole, the pressing block is arranged at the lower end of the locking screw, a sliding rail is arranged on the support fixing seat corresponding to the locker, a convex sliding groove is formed in the upper portion of the sliding rail along the length direction, a guide sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the sliding rail, the cross section of the pressing block is I-shaped, the cross section of the pressing block is slidingly assembled in the convex sliding groove of the sliding rail, meanwhile, the longitudinal beam of the fixing base is slidingly assembled in the guide sliding groove of the sliding rail, the locker and the sliding rail are assembled (the installation position of the support fixing seat can be conveniently adjusted through the sliding matching structure of the locker and the support fixing seat, and the movable arm or the rotating arm is positioned between the pressing block and the lower bottom plate, and the support fixing seat is fixed on the arm or the rotating arm through screwing the locking screw.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

According to the novel sternum retractor, the rotating arm can rotate along the axial direction, so that the retracting blades can be driven to swing within a certain range, the sternum on the other side can be lifted to a certain height in the process of expanding the sternum, a doctor can fully expose the condition under the sternum in the operation, the internal mammary artery blood vessel can be conveniently and simply exposed in the cardiothoracic operation, the operation visual field is ensured to be clear, great convenience is provided for the doctor operation, and the operation risk is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a rotary arm;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the view from A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the cross-sectional view B-B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the base;

FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotary arm and the base assembled in a matched manner;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of a retracting blade;

FIG. 10 is a right side view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the assembly of the in-milk blades on the retracting blades;

FIG. 12 is a top view of the assembly of the in-milk blades on the retracting blades;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the intra-mammary blade;

FIG. 14 is a top view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of teeth of a lift hook in a lacto-blade;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a fastening assembly;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the structure of the locking ball;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the latch;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the mounting of the bracket anchor to the movable arm by the latch;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the movable arm of FIG. 1;

FIG. 21 is a side view of FIG. 20;

fig. 22 is a schematic view of the handle assembled with the toggle structure.

The device comprises a base, a rotating arm, a clamping groove, a spring steel ball positioning structure, a clamping seat, a retracting blade, a movable arm, a valve drag hook, a fastening assembly, a locking device, a guide rail, a knob, a locking spring, a milk blade, a handle, a pin shaft, a poking block, a poking column and a poking column blocking piece, wherein the clamping groove, the spring steel ball positioning structure, the clamping seat, the clamping blade, the retracting blade, the poking column and the poking column blocking piece are respectively arranged in the figure 1, the base, the rotating arm, the clamping groove, the spring steel ball positioning structure, the clamping seat, the clamping hook, the retractile blade, the movable arm, the valve drag hook, the fastening assembly, the locking device, the guide rail, the knob, the locking spring, the poking column and the poking column blocking piece;

1.1 parts of a first tooth surface, 1.2 parts of a guide rail assembly groove, 1.3 parts of a longitudinal through hole, 1.4 parts of an arc limiting groove;

2.1 parts of a second tooth surface, 2.2 parts of a limit post, 2.3 parts of a threaded hole;

3.1, an upper groove body, 3.2, a positioning groove, 3.3, a lower groove body;

4.1 parts of positioning grooves, 4.2 parts of springs, 4.3 parts of steel balls, 4.4 parts of baffle rings;

5.1 parts of a seat body, 5.2 parts of a clamping block, 5.3 parts of a positioning table, 5.4 parts of a limiting body;

7.1 parts of support, 7.2 parts of assembly holes, 7.3 parts of guide grooves;

9.1 parts of locking ball heads, 9.2 parts of movable brackets, 9.3 parts of fixed bolts, 9.4 parts of nuts II, 9.5 parts of angle positioning bolts, 9.6 parts of nuts I, 9.7 parts of bracket fixing seats and 9.8 parts of sliding rails;

9.1.1 parts of upper locking grooves, 9.1.2 parts of lower locking grooves, 9.1.3 parts of assembly through holes;

9.8.1, a guiding chute, 9.8.2, a convex chute;

10.1 parts of locking screw rods, 10.2 parts of upper top plates, 10.3 parts of longitudinal beams, 10.4 parts of mounting grooves, 10.5 parts of lower bottom plates, 10.6 parts of pressing blocks;

12.1, knob stem;

14.1 parts of assembly end, 14.2 parts of assembly groove, 14.3 parts of lifting hook, 14.4 parts of tooth.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-22, the novel sternum retractor of this embodiment includes a guide rail 11, a movable arm 7 and a retracting blade 6, a guide groove 7.3 is formed at the lower end of the movable arm 7 and is assembled on the guide rail 11 through the guide groove 7.3, the movable arm 7 can displace along the guide rail 11 and can realize positioning, one end of the guide rail 11 is fixedly connected with a base 1, a rotating arm 2 is mounted on the base 1, the rotating arm 2 can rotate along the axial direction, a locking mechanism is arranged corresponding to the rotating arm 2, the position of the rotating arm 2 is locked through the locking mechanism, and the retracting blade 6 is arranged on the movable arm 7 and the rotating arm 2.

The guide rail 11 adopts a traditional rack plate, the lower part of the movable arm 7 is provided with a support 7.1 assembled with the guide rail 11, a guide groove 7.3 is formed in the support 7.1 and is assembled on the rack plate through the guide groove 7.3, a handle 15 is arranged corresponding to the rack plate, the handle 15 is connected with the rack plate through a stirring structure, and the movable arm 7 is driven to displace along the guide rail 11 through rotating the handle 15 to realize positioning. The stirring structure in this embodiment includes a stirring block 17, two stirring columns 18 and a stirring column baffle 19, wherein an assembly hole 7.2 is formed on a support 7.1 corresponding to the stirring block 17, the stirring block 17 is installed in the assembly hole 7.2, the upper end of the stirring block is connected with a handle 15 through a pin shaft 16, the lower end of the stirring block is provided with two stirring columns 18, the two stirring columns 18 are positioned on two different teeth of a rack plate, the outer end of the stirring column 18 is fixedly connected with the stirring column baffle 19, and the stirring column baffle 19 and the stirring block 17 are respectively positioned on two sides of the rack plate. The poking column baffle 19 in the embodiment is provided with two poking column 18 holes, and after the poking structure is assembled with the support 7.1 at the lower part of the movable arm 7 and the guide rail 11, the outer end of the poking column 18 is assembled in the poking column 18 holes and welded by laser welding to form an integral structure. In this embodiment, a guide rail assembly groove 1.2 is formed on the side surface of the base 1 corresponding to the guide rail 11, and the guide rail 11 is welded with the base 1 into a whole by laser welding after the guide rail 11 is inserted into the guide rail assembly groove 1.2.

The contact end surfaces of the rotating arm 2 and the base 1 are mutually meshed tooth surfaces (corresponding to gear meshing of two end surfaces), the tooth surface on the base 1 is defined as a first tooth surface 1.1, the tooth surface on the rotating arm 2 is defined as a second tooth surface 2.1, a longitudinal through hole 1.3 is arranged in the base 1, a threaded hole 2.3 corresponding to the position of the longitudinal through hole 1.3 is formed in the lower end of the rotating arm 2, a knob 12 is additionally arranged, threads are arranged at the upper end of a knob rod 12.1, penetrate through the longitudinal through hole 1.3 from bottom to top and are screwed into the threaded hole 2.3 at the upper end, and the knob 12 and the two tooth surfaces jointly form the locking mechanism. The longitudinal through hole 1.3 of the base 1 is a step hole, the lower aperture of the longitudinal through hole is larger than the upper aperture, the lower part of the knob rod part 12.1 is sleeved with a locking spring 13, and the outer diameter of the locking spring 13 is larger than the upper aperture of the step hole and smaller than the lower aperture of the step hole. Loosening the knob 12 to ensure that part of threads at the upper end of the knob rod part 12.1 are still in threaded connection with the threaded hole 2.3 at the lower end of the rotating arm 2 (namely, the knob rod part 12.1 is kept connected with the rotating arm 2), separating the rotating arm 2 from the two tooth surfaces of the base 1 at the moment, namely, rotating the rotating arm 2 according to the requirement to adjust the angle of the rotating arm 2, and locking the position of the rotating arm 2 when the knob 12 is screwed and the rotating arm 2 is meshed with the two tooth surfaces of the base 1.

The tooth surfaces of the base 1 and the rotating arm 2 are provided with limiting structures, each limiting structure comprises a limiting column 2.2 and an arc limiting groove 1.4, the limiting columns 2.2 and the arc limiting grooves 1.4 are respectively located on different tooth surfaces, the end parts of the limiting columns 2.2 are always located in the arc limiting grooves 1.4, the rotating arm 2 is marked with scale marks (respectively-25 degrees, 0 degrees and 25 degrees) for marking the rotating angle corresponding to the limiting structures, and the base 1 is marked with a datum line. The end part of the limiting column 2.2 is positioned in the circular arc limiting groove 1.4, so that the limiting effect can be achieved in the axial rotation process of the rotating arm 2, namely, the rotating arm 2 is limited to rotate in a certain range through a limiting structure. When a certain scale mark on the rotating arm 2 is aligned with the datum line, the rotating arm 2 rotates by a corresponding angle, so that the rotating angle of the rotating arm 2 is conveniently controlled. In this embodiment, the rotation angle of the rotation arm 2 is not more than 25 ° either clockwise or counterclockwise.

In this embodiment, the rotating arm 2 can rotate along the axial direction, so that the retracting blade 6 can be driven to swing within a certain range, and the sternum on the other side can be lifted to a certain height in the process of expanding the sternum, so that a doctor can fully expose the condition under the sternum in the operation, and can conveniently and simply expose the mammary artery blood vessel in the cardiothoracic operation, thereby ensuring clear operation vision, providing great convenience for the doctor in the operation and reducing the operation risk.

The outer sides of the movable arm 7 and the rotating arm 2 in the embodiment are respectively provided with a clamping groove 3 for installing the retracting blades, the clamping grooves 3 are of semi-closed structures, clamping seats 5 are arranged on the retracting blades 6 corresponding to the clamping grooves 3, and the clamping seats 5 are clamped into the clamping grooves 3 from non-closed ends to realize the assembly of the retracting blades 6. When the novel sternum retractor is applied, the retractor blades 6 with different types and different models can be provided, so that the required retractor blades 6 (such as the retractor blades 6 with different depths according to different operation positions) can be replaced timely according to clinical operation through the cooperation of the clamping groove 3 and the clamping seat 5, and the replacement operation is simple and convenient, so that most of operations can be completed only by one retractor in most of the cardiothoracic operations, namely, most of clinically open thoracic operations can be satisfied through the sternum retractor, and the coverage area is wide.

The card holder 5 and the card slot 3 in this embodiment adopt the following structures:

The clamping seat 5 sequentially comprises a seat body 5.1, a clamping block 5.2, a positioning table 5.3 and a limiting body 5.4 from bottom to top, wherein the seat body 5.1 of the clamping seat 5 is welded on a retracting blade 6, a step is arranged in the clamping groove 3 and divides the groove body into an upper groove body 3.1 and a lower groove body 3.3, the lower groove body 3.3 is arranged corresponding to the clamping block 5.2, the upper groove body 3.1 is arranged corresponding to the limiting body 5.4, the cross sections of the clamping block 5.2 and the positioning table 5.3 are circular, a positioning groove 3.2 matched with the positioning table 5.3 is formed in a step surface (namely the bottom of the upper groove body 3.1), the non-closed end of the upper groove body 3.1 is flaring, and the limiting body 5.4 gradually narrows from the middle position to the width close to the closed end of the upper groove body and has a certain gap with the inner wall of the upper groove body 3.1. Thus, when the clamping seat 5 of the retracting blade 6 is clamped into the clamping groove 3, the clamping block 5.2 is clamped into the lower groove body 3.3, the limiting body 5.4 is positioned in the upper groove body 3.1, the positioning table 5.3 is positioned in the positioning groove 3.2 to realize positioning, at the moment, the clamping seat 5 is clamped into the clamping groove 3, in the normal operation process, the clamping seat 5 is always clamped into the clamping groove 3 and cannot be separated from the clamping groove 3 because the retracting blade 6 receives the acting force from the sternum to the inner side of the retracting blade 6, but the clamping seat 5 can rotate slightly along the axial direction by a certain angle, so that the retracting blade 6 is firmly mounted on the movable arm 7 or the rotating arm 2, and on the other hand, the effect of automatically adjusting the angle of the retracting blade 6 can be realized in the process of expanding the sternum, so that soft retraction is realized, the sternum is prevented from being damaged or fractured, the retraction effect is good, and muscle damage can be avoided.

In the embodiment, a spring steel ball positioning structure 4 is arranged on the back of a movable arm 7 and the back of a rotating arm 2 corresponding to the mounting position of a retracting blade 6, the spring steel ball positioning structure 4 is respectively arranged on two sides of a clamping groove 3, the spring steel ball positioning structure 4 comprises a positioning groove 4.1, steel balls 4.3, a spring 4.2 and a baffle ring 4.4, the positioning groove 4.1 is formed on the back of the movable arm 7 and the back of the rotating arm 2, the spring 4.2 is mounted on the lower portion of the positioning groove 4.1, the steel balls 4.3 are mounted above the spring 4.2, the baffle ring 4.4 is fixedly mounted on the notch of the positioning groove 4.1, the inner diameter of the baffle ring 4.4 is smaller than the diameter of the steel balls, and the upper portion of the steel balls 4.3 protrudes out of the notch of the positioning groove 4.1 and is limited by the baffle ring 4.4. The spring steel ball positioning structure 4 is arranged at the assembling position of the retracting blade 6 and the movable arm 7 or the rotating arm 2, so that the retracting blade 6 is softer in installation, and meanwhile, the retracting blade can be tightly matched.

The novel sternum retractor is provided with an intramammary blade 14, one end of the intramammary blade 14 is a lifting hook 14.3, the other end is an assembling end 14.1, an assembling groove 14.2 for assembling the novel sternum retractor with the retractor blade 6 is formed in the assembling end 14.1, and teeth 14.4 are arranged at the hook part of the lifting hook 14.3. When the breast milk hook is used, the assembly end 14.1 of the breast milk blade 14 is hooked on the hook part of the retracting blade 6 through the assembly groove 14.2, then the rotating arm 2 is rotated for a certain angle, the breast bone is pulled by the pulling hook 14.3 of the breast milk blade 14, so that the breast milk artery blood vessel below the breast bone can be conveniently and fully exposed in the heart breast surgery process, a doctor has enough surgery vision to separate the breast milk artery blood vessel, the surgery risk is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the teeth 14.4 arranged on the hook part of the pulling hook 14.3 can play a role of fixing firmly.

The novel sternum retractor is provided with a fastening component 9 for connecting and fastening a valve retractor, wherein the fastening component 9 comprises a bracket fixing seat 9.7, a movable bracket 9.2, an angle positioning bolt 9.5, a locking ball 9.1 and a fixing bolt 9.3, the bracket fixing seat 9.7 is arranged on a movable arm 7 or a rotating arm 2, the movable bracket 9.2 and the bracket fixing seat 9.7 can rotate relatively and are locked and positioned through the angle positioning bolt 9.5 (a first nut 9.6 is embedded in the bracket fixing seat 9.7 corresponding to the angle positioning bolt 9.5), the movable bracket 9.2 is provided with a U-shaped groove, a locking ball 9.1 is arranged in the U-shaped groove, the center position of the locking ball 9.1 is provided with an assembly through hole 9.1.3, the rod part of the valve retractor 8 is arranged in the assembly through hole 9.1.3, the upper end of the locking ball 9.1 is provided with an upper locking groove 9.1.1, the lower end of the locking ball 9.1 is provided with a lower locking groove 9.1 from bottom to top to bottom, the lower locking groove 9.1.2 is arranged at intervals, and the upper locking groove 9.1.1 and the lower locking groove 9.2 is arranged at intervals and is communicated with the two locking bolts corresponding to the fixing through holes 9.3.3 and the fixing bolts (the fixing through the fixing holes 9.3 and the fixing bolts). During application, the rod part of the valve drag hook 8 is assembled in the assembly through hole 9.1.3 of the locking ball head 9.1, the valve drag hook 8 is locked by the locking ball head 9.1 after the fixing bolt 9.3 is screwed, so that the valve drag hook 8 and the fastening component 9 are connected and fastened, the valve can be pulled more conveniently, the operation visual field is clear, the potential safety hazard caused by the unstable fixation of the valve drag hook 8 can be avoided, and the position of the valve drag hook 8 can be flexibly changed according to operation needs through the locking ball head 9.1, so that the operation is convenient.

The holder fixing seat 9.7 in this embodiment is mounted on the movable arm 7 by means of a locker 10. The locker 10 comprises a fixed base, a locking screw rod 10.1 and a pressing block 10.6, wherein the fixed base comprises an upper top plate 10.2, a longitudinal beam 10.3 and a lower bottom plate 10.5, the upper top plate 10.2 is connected with the lower bottom plate 10.5 into a whole through the longitudinal beam 10.3, a cavity between the upper top plate 10.2 and the lower bottom plate 10.5 is a mounting groove 10.4, a screw hole is formed in the upper top plate 10.2, the lower end of the locking screw rod 10.1 is screwed into the mounting groove 10.4 through the screw hole, the pressing block 10.6 is arranged at the lower end of the locking screw rod 10.1 through a screw, a sliding rail 9.8 is arranged on a bracket fixing seat 9.7 corresponding to the locker 10, a convex sliding chute 9.8.2 is arranged at the upper part of the sliding rail 9.8 along the length direction, a guide sliding chute 9.8.1 is formed at the bottom of the sliding rail 9.8, the cross section of the pressing block 10.6 is I-shaped, the cross section of the pressing block is assembled in the convex sliding chute 9.8.2 of the sliding rail 9.8, meanwhile, the longitudinal beam 10.3 of the fixed base is assembled in the guide chute 9.8.1 of the sliding rail 9.8 in a sliding way, the locker 10.8 is realized, the locker 10.8 and the sliding arm 10 and the sliding bracket 10.7 is matched with the sliding bracket 9.7 through the sliding arm 9.7 or the sliding bracket 10.7 is arranged on the sliding bracket 7 to the sliding bracket 10.7 through the sliding arm 7 or the sliding bracket 7 to the sliding arm 7 to the sliding bracket 2.7 to be conveniently positioned on the sliding bracket 7.

Claims

1. The novel sternum retractor comprises a guide rail (11), a movable arm (7) and a retracting blade (6), wherein a guide groove (7.3) is formed in the lower end of the movable arm (7) and is assembled on the guide rail (11) through the guide groove (7.3), the movable arm (7) can displace along the guide rail (11) and can be positioned, and the novel sternum retractor is characterized in that one end of the guide rail (11) is fixedly connected with a base (1), a rotating arm (2) is mounted on the base (1), the rotating arm (2) can axially rotate, a locking mechanism is arranged corresponding to the rotating arm (2), the position of the rotating arm (2) is locked through the locking mechanism, and the retracting blade (6) is arranged on the movable arm (7) and the rotating arm (2).

2. The novel sternum retractor according to claim 1 is characterized in that contact end surfaces of a rotating arm (2) and a base (1) are tooth surfaces meshed with each other, a longitudinal through hole (1.3) is formed in the base (1), a threaded hole (2.3) corresponding to the longitudinal through hole (1.3) is formed in the lower end of the rotating arm (2), a knob (12) is additionally arranged, threads are formed in the upper end of a knob rod portion (12.1) and penetrate through the longitudinal through hole (1.3) from bottom to top, the upper end of the knob rod portion is screwed into the threaded hole (2.3), and the knob (12) and the two tooth surfaces jointly form the locking mechanism.

3. The novel sternum retractor according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinal through hole (1.3) of the base (1) is a stepped hole, the lower aperture of the longitudinal through hole is larger than the upper aperture, the lower portion of the knob rod portion (12.1) is sleeved with a locking spring (13), and the outer diameter of the locking spring (13) is larger than the upper aperture of the stepped hole and smaller than the lower aperture of the stepped hole.

4. The novel sternum retractor according to claim 2 or 3 is characterized in that limit structures are arranged on tooth surfaces of a base (1) and a rotating arm (2), each limit structure comprises a limit column (2.2) and an arc limit groove (1.4), the limit columns (2.2) and the arc limit grooves (1.4) are respectively located on different tooth surfaces, the end parts of the limit columns (2.2) are always located in the arc limit grooves (1.4), corresponding to the limit structures, scale marks for marking the rotation angles are marked on the rotating arm (2), and datum lines are marked on the base (1).

5. The novel sternum retractor according to claim 1, wherein the outer sides of the movable arm (7) and the rotating arm (2) are respectively provided with a clamping groove (3) for installing the retractor blade, the clamping grooves (3) are of semi-closed structures, clamping seats (5) are arranged on the retractor blade (6) corresponding to the clamping grooves (3), and the clamping seats (5) are clamped into the clamping grooves (3) from the non-closed ends, so that the retractor blade (6) is assembled.

6. The novel sternum retractor of claim 5, wherein the clamping seat (5) comprises a seat body (5.1), a clamping block (5.2), a positioning table (5.3) and a limiting body (5.4) from bottom to top in sequence, the seat body (5.1) of the clamping seat (5) is welded on the retracting blade (6) by adopting integrated forming, a step is arranged in the clamping groove (3), the groove body is divided into an upper groove body (3.1) and a lower groove body (3.3), the lower groove body (3.3) is arranged corresponding to the clamping block (5.2), the upper groove body (3.1) is arranged corresponding to the limiting body (5.4), the cross section shapes of the clamping block (5.2) and the positioning table (5.3) are all round, a positioning groove (3.2) matched with the positioning table (5.3) is formed on a step surface, the upper groove body (3.1) is not in a flaring shape, and the limiting body (5.4) gradually narrows a certain gap from the middle position to the upper groove body.

7. The novel sternum retractor according to claim 5 or 6 is characterized in that spring steel ball positioning structures (4) are arranged on the back surfaces of the movable arm (7) and the rotating arm (2) corresponding to the mounting positions of the retracting blades (6), the spring steel ball positioning structures (4) are respectively arranged on two sides of the clamping groove (3), each spring steel ball positioning structure (4) comprises a positioning groove (4.1), steel balls (4.3), a spring (4.2) and a baffle ring (4.4), the positioning grooves (4.1) are formed in the back surfaces of the movable arm (7) and the rotating arm (2), the springs (4.2) are arranged on the lower portions of the positioning grooves (4.1), the steel balls (4.3) are arranged above the springs (4.2), the baffle rings (4.4) are fixedly arranged at the notch positions of the positioning grooves (4.1), the inner diameters of the baffle rings (4.4) are smaller than the diameters of the steel balls, and the upper portions of the steel balls (4.3) protrude out of the notch positions of the positioning grooves (4.1) and are limited through the baffle rings (4.4).

8. The novel sternum retractor according to claim 1 or 5, wherein an intramammary blade (14) is additionally arranged, one end of the intramammary blade (14) is a lifting hook (14.3), the other end is an assembling end (14.1), an assembling groove (14.2) for assembling with the retracting blade (6) is formed in the assembling end (14.1), and teeth are arranged at the hook part of the lifting hook (14.3).

9. The novel sternum retractor according to claim 1,2,3, 5 or 6 is characterized in that a fastening component (9) for connecting and fastening a valve retractor is additionally arranged, the fastening component (9) comprises a bracket fixing seat (9.7), a movable bracket (9.2), an angle positioning bolt (9.5), a locking ball head (9.1) and a fixing bolt (9.3), the bracket fixing seat (9.7) is arranged on a movable arm (7) or a rotating arm (2), the movable bracket (9.2) and the bracket fixing seat (9.7) can rotate relatively and are locked and positioned through the angle positioning bolt (9.5), a U-shaped groove is formed in the movable bracket (9.2), a locking ball head (9.1) is arranged in the U-shaped groove, an assembly through hole (9.1.3) is formed in the center position of the locking ball head (9.1), the rod part of the retractor (8) is arranged in the assembly through hole (9.1.3), an upper locking groove (9.1.1) is formed in the upper end of the locking ball head (9.1), a lower end of the locking ball head (9.1) is provided with a lower locking groove (9.1.1) from top to bottom, and the upper end of the locking ball head (9.1) is provided with a locking groove (9.1.1) which is communicated with the locking groove (9.1).

10. The novel sternum retractor according to claim 9, wherein the bracket fixing seat (9.7) is installed on the movable arm (7) or the rotary arm (2) through the locker (10), the locker (10) comprises a fixing base, a locking screw (10.1) and a pressing block (10.6), the fixing base comprises an upper top plate (10.2), a longitudinal beam (10.3) and a lower bottom plate (10.5), the upper top plate (10.2) is connected with the lower bottom plate (10.5) through the longitudinal beam (10.3) into a whole, a cavity between the upper top plate (10.2) and the lower bottom plate (10.5) is a mounting groove (10.4), a screw hole is formed in the upper top plate (10.2), the lower end of the locking screw (10.1) is screwed into the mounting groove (10.4) through the screw hole, the pressing block (10.6) is installed at the lower end of the locking screw (10.1), a sliding rail (9.8) is arranged on the bracket fixing seat (9.7) corresponding to the locker (10), a sliding rail (9.8) is arranged on the sliding rail (9.8) along the length direction, a sliding groove (26) is arranged on the sliding rail (9.8), and a sliding rail (9.8) is arranged in the sliding groove (9.8) and is mounted on the sliding groove (9.8) at the sliding groove (9.8), the sliding assembly of the locker (10) and the sliding rail (9.8) is realized, the movable arm (7) or the rotating arm (2) is positioned between the pressing block (10.6) and the lower bottom plate (10.5), and the bracket fixing seat (9.7) is fixed on the movable arm (7) or the rotating arm (2) by screwing the locking screw (10.1).