CN111980639B - Oil layer tracing monitoring method based on cooperation of perforation and tracer and tracing perforating bullet - Google Patents
Oil layer tracing monitoring method based on cooperation of perforation and tracer and tracing perforating bullet Download PDFInfo
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- CN111980639B CN111980639B CN202011011949.3A CN202011011949A CN111980639B CN 111980639 B CN111980639 B CN 111980639B CN 202011011949 A CN202011011949 A CN 202011011949A CN 111980639 B CN111980639 B CN 111980639B
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- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a perforation and tracer agent cooperative oil layer tracing monitoring method and a tracing perforating bullet, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a. firstly, determining a perforation layer position of a vertical shaft or a perforation position of a horizontal well according to an oil layer logging result, and determining the oil layer position of a tracer required to be injected by combining a tracer monitoring scheme design; b. selecting perforating guns with different sizes according to the size of the casing, and selecting tracing perforating bullets according to the formation properties and the specifications of the perforating guns; c. while perforating, the tracer is injected into the formation, combined with formation fluids, and the reservoir properties are evaluated through tracer production data of the later-stage production well. The invention makes up the limitation of the existing tracing monitoring technology, increases the effect of the tracing monitoring technology while increasing the production of the oil and gas field, thereby better understanding the motion law of underground fluid and further refining the oil reservoir model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum industry, in particular to a perforation and tracer agent cooperative oil layer tracing monitoring method and a tracing perforating bullet.
Background
The 'thirteen-five' plan of petroleum development definitely mentions that the petroleum generally enters a new stage of low-grade resource exploration and development in China, the yield is greatly increased with great difficulty, and the petroleum supply safety under open conditions still faces an important problem. Meanwhile, the method supports low-grade resource exploration and development engineering demonstration and scientific and technological attack and reinforcement of low-cost development technology attack and attack. Oil field flooding faces a number of problems. Along with the continuation of oil field exploitation time, the extraction degree of oil field constantly improves, leads to the oil reservoir to lose empty phenomenon in the pit more seriously, if annotate under the condition that the extraction ratio can not reach one to one, will lead to annotating the unbalanced of adopting. With the increase of produced liquid of oil fields, the injected water can not meet the requirements of water drive development. The difficulty of adjusting the injection and production well pattern is increased, and the optimal effect is difficult to achieve by subdividing the layered water injection mode of the oil layer. Meanwhile, the problem of insufficient injection of the water well exists, the residual oil exists in the area where the injected water can not spread, the large-area residual oil is exploited, and the cost of oil extraction production is increased.
The tracing monitoring technology is a technical means capable of tracking and monitoring the migration of underground fluid in real time, the underground motion rule of the injected fluid can be effectively known through the monitoring result, and meanwhile, an oil reservoir model can be refined. However, in the current traditional tracing monitoring technology, the tracer is mostly directly injected from a water injection wellhead, and a plurality of defects exist: (1) In the process that the tracer reaches a Christmas tree from a tank truck, passes through each gate and finally enters a wellhead, part of the tracer is remained in a dead zone, so that part of the tracer cannot enter the well bottom. (2) The requirement on the well cementation quality is high, and if the cement sheath has a leakage situation, most of the tracer agent flows into the stratum around the water injection well, so that the concentration of the tracer agent cannot meet the monitoring requirement. (3) The tracer has a large fluid loss in the formation, which results in the production concentration of the tracer failing to meet the tracer monitoring requirements. (4) The existing tracing monitoring technology can be applied only when water injection fracturing is carried out in the later period, and has no application effect when perforation completion is carried out in the former period. The single tracer monitoring technology process faces many limitations, so an efficient and composite technology is urgently needed to meet the problems faced by the current needs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for monitoring tracing of a perforation and tracer agent cooperative oil layer and a tracing perforating bullet, which make up the limitation of the existing tracing monitoring technology, increase the technical effect of tracing monitoring while increasing the yield of an oil and gas field, so that the motion rule of underground fluid can be better understood, and an oil reservoir model can be further refined.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the invention is as follows:
a perforation and tracer agent cooperative oil layer tracing monitoring method comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, determining a perforation layer position of a vertical shaft or a perforation position of a horizontal well according to an oil layer logging result, and determining the oil layer position of a tracer required to be injected by combining a tracer monitoring scheme design;
b. selecting perforating guns with different sizes according to the size of the casing, and selecting tracing perforating bullets according to the formation properties and the specifications of the perforating guns;
c. while perforating, the tracer is injected into the formation, combined with formation fluids, and the reservoir properties are evaluated through tracer production data of the later-stage production well.
Furthermore, the perforation mode adopts negative pressure perforation.
Furthermore, the perforation density is selected according to different energy efficiency of different stratums combined with the tracing perforating bullet.
The utility model provides a spike perforating bullet, stores up the box including shell case, type of charge cover, spike agent shutoff lid and spike agent, the type of charge cover fixed set up in the shell case, and have the explosive between type of charge cover and the shell case and store up the chamber, the bottom of shell case be provided with detonating cord mounting groove, spike agent shutoff lid and spike agent store up the box and set up in the inside of type of charge cover, just the spike agent shutoff lid set up in the lower extreme that the box was stored up to the spike agent, spike agent shutoff lid and spike agent store up the inside formation inclosed spike agent storage chamber of box combination back at its combination.
Furthermore, the liner is a truncated cone-shaped cavity, a cylindrical cavity part is arranged in the middle of the liner, the upper side of the cylindrical cavity part is a cone opening of the liner, and the lower side of the cylindrical cavity part is a cone tip of the liner.
Further, tracer shutoff lid threaded connection on the inside wall of liner, tracer storage box threaded connection on the inside wall of tracer shutoff lid. Specifically, the cylindrical cavity body part in middle of the type of medicine cover be provided with the internal thread, the surface of tracer shutoff lid be provided with the external screw thread, tracer shutoff lid threaded connection on the internal thread of type of medicine cover, the internal surface of type of medicine cover be provided with the internal thread, the tracer bottom of storing up the box be provided with the external screw thread, the tracer store up box threaded connection on the internal thread of tracer shutoff lid.
Furthermore, the included angle between the generatrix of the cone tip and the central axis is 21 degrees, and the included angle between the generatrix of the cone opening and the central axis is 20 degrees.
Furthermore, the inner cavity of the cartridge case is in the shape of an inverted round bell, the round bell comprises a circular truncated cone Zhong Jian positioned below, a circular truncated cone bell positioned in the middle and a circular truncated cone positioned above, an included angle between a bus of the bell tip and a central axis is 55 degrees, an included angle between a bus of the bell and the central axis is 9 degrees, and an included angle between a bus of the bell and a bus of the bell is 170 degrees.
Furthermore, the tracer plugging cover and the tracer storage box are formed by pressing composite metal powder. Has the characteristic of easy impact crushing.
Furthermore, the upper part of the inner cavity of the step of the tracer storage box is in a circular table shape, the lower part of the inner cavity of the step of the tracer storage box is in a cylindrical shape, and the diameter of the inner cavity at the upper end of the circular table shape at the upper part is smaller than that of the inner cavity at the lower end. The energy-gathering step-table shape is made, which is beneficial to the ejection of the tracer.
Further, the perforation density is set as follows, homogenizing the non-unconsolidated formation: 14-16 pores/m, homogeneous unconsolidated formation: 26-36 pores/m, heterogeneous stratum: 20 holes/m.
Furthermore, the tracer is a water-soluble trace element or oil-soluble trace element or nanoparticle tracer and any combination thereof, so as to monitor the dynamic output of different fluids; the dosage of the tracer is selected according to the tracer monitoring design according to the oil reservoir stratum properties, and the dosage of the tracer is adjusted by adjusting the number of the perforating bullets with tracer storage boxes and the number of the perforating bullets without tracer storage boxes; meanwhile, different tracer components can be adopted in different perforation sections, so that the output condition of each section of oil layer is monitored.
The effect provided in the summary of the invention is only the effect of the embodiment, not all the effects of the invention, and one of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. the invention overcomes the defect that the prior tracing monitoring technology has no application effect when the prior perforation well completion is carried out; by using a perforation technology, the tracer is injected into an oil layer and directly reaches the fluid of a target layer to be monitored, and the throwing position is accurate; the tracer is injected into an oil layer by adopting a perforation technology, so that the filtration loss of the tracer in the processes of a tank car, a wellhead and the oil layer is reduced, and the concentration of the tracer is ensured to achieve the tracer monitoring technical effect; the tracer provided by the invention is rich in selected types, water-soluble and oil-soluble trace elements can be selected, and a nano particle tracer can also be selected, and the nano particle tracer has higher stability, mobility, low fluid loss property and expandability in a stratum compared with the traditional tracer. The invention relates to a perforation and tracer agent cooperative oil reservoir interwell monitoring technology which is suitable for the perforation completion early stage of primary oil recovery and is also suitable for the hole filling stage of production increase in secondary and tertiary development of an oil field.
2. The developed tracer perforating bullet is matched with a tracer agent storage box for containing a tracer agent, and the tracer agent storage box is designed by a unique energy-gathered step form, so that the tracer agent can be favorably ejected under the action of shock waves, and the ejection distance of the tracer agent is longer; meanwhile, the tracer storage box is in threaded connection with the perforating bullet, so that the tracer storage box is convenient to disassemble and assemble.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional model view of a tracer perforating charge;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tracer perforating charge;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a liner configuration for a tracer perforating charge;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cartridge casing structure of the tracer perforating charge;
in the figure: 1-cartridge case, 2-explosive storage cavity, 3-shaped charge liner, 4-detonating cord placing groove, 5-tracer blocking cover, 6-tracer storage box and 7-ladder inner cavity.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Moreover, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and procedures are omitted so as to not unnecessarily limit the invention.
A perforation and tracer cooperative oil layer tracing monitoring method comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, determining a perforation layer position of a vertical shaft or a perforation position of a horizontal well according to an oil layer logging result, and determining the oil layer position of a tracer required to be injected by combining a tracer monitoring scheme design;
b. selecting perforating guns with different sizes according to the size of the casing, and selecting tracing perforating bullets according to the formation properties and the specifications of the perforating guns;
c. while perforating, the tracer is injected into the formation, combined with formation fluids, and the reservoir properties are evaluated through tracer production data of the later-stage production well. Specifically, the perforation mode adopts negative pressure perforation. The perforation density is selected according to different stratums and different energy efficiencies of the tracing perforating bullet: the perforation density is set as follows, and the homogeneous non-unconsolidated formation is formed by the following steps: 14-16 pores/m, homogeneous unconsolidated formation: 26-36 pores/m, heterogeneous stratum: 20 holes/m.
The tracer is water-soluble trace elements, oil-soluble trace elements, nano-particle tracers or any combination of the three tracers to monitor the dynamic output of different fluids; the dosage of the tracer is selected according to the tracer monitoring design according to the oil reservoir stratum properties, the dosage of the tracer is adjusted by adjusting the quantity of the perforating bullets with tracer storage boxes and the quantity of the perforating bullets without tracer storage boxes, for example, the required tracer is calculated to be 3.5kg, each tracer storage box is fully loaded with 65g of the tracer, the quantity of the required tracer perforating bullets is equal to 54, 54 tracer perforating bullets with tracer storage boxes are uniformly arranged at intervals in a perforating section, and the other perforating bullets are perforating bullets without tracer storage boxes; meanwhile, different tracer components can be adopted in different perforation sections, so that the output condition of each section of oil layer is monitored.
The utility model provides a spike perforating bullet, includes cartridge case 1, type charge cover 3, tracer shutoff lid 5 and tracer storage box 6, type charge cover 3 fixed set up in cartridge case 1, the explosive wave strikes the type charge cover, makes it become the pestle body, just can crowd the bits of broken glass when assaulting the rock perforation, and has the explosive between type charge cover 3 and the cartridge case 1 and store up chamber 2, the bottom of cartridge case 1 be provided with detonating cord mounting groove 4, tracer shutoff lid 5 and tracer storage box 6 set up in the inside of type charge cover 3, just tracer shutoff lid 5 set up in the lower extreme of tracer storage box 6, tracer shutoff lid 5 and tracer storage box 6 combination back form inclosed tracer storage cavity in the inside of its combination. The explosive is stored in an explosive storage cavity between the explosive storage cavity and the cartridge case through the explosive type cover and the cartridge case, explosive is detonated through the detonating index in the detonating cord installation groove, the tracer in the tracer plugging cover 5 and the tracer storage box 6 is ejected, and the tracer is ejected into a stratum while perforating and is combined with stratum fluid.
Specifically, the shaped charge cover 3 be the cavity body of round platform shape, the intermediate position of shaped charge cover 3 cylindrical cavity body part has, the upside of cylindrical cavity body be the awl mouth of shaped charge cover 3, the downside is the awl point of shaped charge cover 3, the appearance and the tracer storage box of shaped charge cover match to can make the tracer storage box assemble on the perforating bullet.
Specifically, 5 threaded connection of tracer shutoff lid on the inside wall of liner 3, 6 threaded connection of tracer storage box on the inside wall of tracer shutoff lid 5. Specifically, the cylindrical cavity body part in middle of type cover 3 be provided with the internal thread, the surface of tracer shutoff lid 5 be provided with the external screw thread, 5 threaded connection of tracer shutoff lid on the internal thread of type cover 3, the internal surface of type cover 3 be provided with the internal thread, the bottom of tracer storage box 6 be provided with the external screw thread, 6 threaded connection of tracer storage box on the internal thread of tracer shutoff lid 5.
Specifically, the included angle between the generatrix of the cone tip and the central axis is 21 degrees, and the included angle between the generatrix of the cone opening and the central axis is 20 degrees.
Specifically, the inner cavity of the cartridge case 1 is in the shape of an inverted round bell, the round bell comprises a circular truncated cone Zhong Jian located below, a circular truncated cone bell located in the middle and a circular truncated cone located above, an included angle between a bus of the bell tip and a central axis is 55 degrees, an included angle between a bus of the bell and the central axis is 9 degrees, and an included angle between a bus of the bell and a bus of the bell is 170 degrees.
Specifically, the tracer blocking cover 5 and the tracer storage box 6 are formed by pressing composite metal powder. Has the characteristic of easy impact crushing.
Specifically, the upper part of the step inner cavity 7 of the tracer storage box 6 is in a circular table shape, and the lower part is in a cylindrical shape. The energy-gathering step-table shape is made, which is beneficial to the ejection of the tracer. The lower cylinder in the shape of the energy-gathering step-ladder can contain the tracer to the maximum extent, and the injection port of the upper round table is contracted, so that the tracer is favorably injected.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and variations which do not require inventive efforts and which are made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The tracer perforating bullet is characterized by comprising a bullet shell (1), a liner (3), a tracer blocking cover (5) and a tracer storage box (6), wherein the liner (3) is fixedly arranged in the bullet shell (1), an explosive storage cavity (2) is formed between the liner (3) and the bullet shell (1), a detonating cord accommodating groove (4) is formed in the bottom of the bullet shell (1), the tracer blocking cover (5) and the tracer storage box (6) are arranged in the liner (3), the tracer blocking cover (5) is arranged at the lower end of the tracer storage box (6), and a sealed tracer storage cavity is formed in the combined interior of the tracer blocking cover (5) and the tracer storage box (6);
the upper part of the inner chamber (7) of the step table of the tracer storage box (6) is in a circular table shape, the lower part of the inner chamber is in a cylindrical shape, and the diameter of the inner chamber at the upper end of the circular table shape at the upper part is smaller than that of the inner chamber at the lower end.
2. Tracer perforating bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the liner (3) is a truncated cone shaped cavity, the middle of the liner (3) has a cylindrical cavity part, the upper side of the cylindrical cavity part is the cone mouth of the liner (3) and the lower side is the cone tip of the liner (3).
3. Tracer perforating charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the tracer closure cap (5) is screwed onto the inner side wall of the liner (3) and the tracer cartridge (6) is screwed onto the inner side wall of the tracer closure cap (5).
4. Tracer perforating bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal cavity of the shell (1) is in the shape of an inverted round bell, the shape of the round bell comprises Zhong Jian in the shape of a truncated cone below, a bell in the shape of a truncated cone in the middle and a base in the shape of a truncated cone above, the generatrix of the tip of the bell forms an angle of 55 ° with the central axis, the generatrix of the bell forms an angle of 9 ° with the central axis, and the generatrix of the base forms an angle of 170 ° with the generatrix of the bell.
5. A perforation and tracer cooperative oil layer tracing monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. firstly, determining a perforation layer position of a vertical well or a perforation position of a horizontal well according to a logging result of an oil layer, and determining the position of the oil layer needing to be injected with a tracer by combining a tracer monitoring scheme design;
b. selecting perforating guns of different sizes according to casing size, and selecting tracer perforator charges according to any one of claims 1-4 in combination with formation properties and gun specifications;
c. while perforating, the tracer is injected into the formation, combined with formation fluids, and the reservoir properties are evaluated through tracer production data of the later-stage production well.
6. A perforation and tracer co-operation reservoir tracer monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein the manner of perforation is negative pressure perforation.
7. A perforation and tracer cooperative reservoir tracing monitoring method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the perforation density is selected according to different stratum and different energy efficiency of tracer-combined perforator, the perforation density is set as follows, homogeneous non-unconsolidated stratum: 14-16 pores/m, homogeneous unconsolidated formation: 26-36 pores/m, heterogeneous stratum: 20 holes/m.
8. A perforation and tracer cooperative reservoir tracing monitoring method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said tracer is selected from water soluble trace elements or oil soluble trace elements or nano-particle tracer or any combination of water soluble trace elements, oil soluble trace elements and nano-particle tracer.
9. A perforation and tracer co-ordinated reservoir tracer monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein tracer dosage is selected according to a tracer monitoring design based on reservoir formation properties, the tracer dosage being adjusted by adjusting the number of charges with tracer cartridges and the number of charges without tracer cartridges.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011011949.3A CN111980639B (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Oil layer tracing monitoring method based on cooperation of perforation and tracer and tracing perforating bullet |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011011949.3A CN111980639B (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Oil layer tracing monitoring method based on cooperation of perforation and tracer and tracing perforating bullet |
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| CN111980639A CN111980639A (en) | 2020-11-24 |
| CN111980639B true CN111980639B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5259466A (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 1993-11-09 | Halliburton Company | Method and apparatus for orienting a perforating string |
| CN101384794A (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2009-03-11 | 约翰森·马瑟公开有限公司 | Tracer method and apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO884929L (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-06-15 | Halliburton Co | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR A DETERMINED DEPTH OF PERFORTS. |
| US20120175109A1 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2012-07-12 | Richard Bennett M | Non-intrusive flow indicator |
| CN102041986A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2011-05-04 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司测井公司 | Special deep penetrating charge |
| US20130112411A1 (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-05-09 | Jian Shi | Perforator charge having an energetic material |
| EP3047098B1 (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2021-03-03 | Total E&P Danmark A/S | A system and a method for determining inflow distribution in an openhole completed well |
| CN104514558A (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2015-04-15 | 天津大港油田圣达科技有限公司 | Trace element detection method among wells |
| US20170159424A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-08 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and system delivering a tracer to a flow |
| GB2563337B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2021-07-14 | Resman As | Tracer injections |
| GB2563750A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2018-12-26 | Resman As | Tracer patch |
| AR115370A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-01-13 | Ypf Tecnologia Sa | NANOTRAZER FOR OIL RECOVERY AND A METHOD OF PREPARING IT |
| CN109057787A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-21 | 青岛大地新能源技术研究院 | Controllable perforating site physical analogy pit shaft experimental provision and its application method |
| CN211144455U (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-07-31 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Perforating gun for continuous oil pipe dragging fracturing |
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2020
- 2020-09-23 CN CN202011011949.3A patent/CN111980639B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5259466A (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 1993-11-09 | Halliburton Company | Method and apparatus for orienting a perforating string |
| CN101384794A (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2009-03-11 | 约翰森·马瑟公开有限公司 | Tracer method and apparatus |
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| CN111980639A (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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