CN111979875A - Multi-shaft type positive and negative switching directional vibration wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-axis forward-reverse switching directional vibration wheel, comprising a vibration drum and a vibration excitation cylinder arranged in the vibration drum, the vibration excitation cylinder and the vibration drum are coaxially arranged; Eccentric shaft, the main eccentric shaft and the excitation cylinder are coaxially arranged, and there are no less than three driven eccentric shafts evenly distributed around the axis of the main eccentric shaft in the excitation cylinder, and each of the driven eccentric shafts is parallel to the main eccentric shaft. The eccentric shaft is arranged; the main eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by a vibration motor, and the driven eccentric shaft is driven to rotate in a synchronous and reverse direction by the transmission mechanism when the main eccentric shaft rotates; the centrifugal force generated when the main eccentric shaft rotates It is equal to the sum of the centrifugal forces generated when the driven eccentric shafts rotate. The invention can realize directional vibration in two different directions on the basis of relatively simple structure by adjusting the initial position of the eccentric shaft and the forward and reverse switching of the vibration motor.

Description

A multi-axis forward and reverse switching directional vibration wheel

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of vibratory road rollers, in particular to a multi-axis forward-reverse switching directional vibration wheel.

Background technique

The road roller is a construction machine whose main purpose is to increase the compactness of the working medium (soil filling and road pavement mixture). The earliest road rollers were compacted by static force, that is, the static pressure generated by the roller's own weight was used to force the working medium to be compacted. Internal friction between particles is lost, resulting in higher compaction efficiency and better compaction. Therefore, vibratory rollers have gradually become the mainstream.

The vibrating wheel is one of the key components of the vibratory roller. It is not only the working device of the vibratory roller, but also the traveling device of the vibratory roller.

A typical vertical vibratory roller vibrating wheel consists of a vibrating roller, an exciter drum, and other auxiliary components such as a vibrating mechanism arranged in the exciter drum. However, the structure of the existing vibration mechanism is relatively complex, and the vibration function is relatively simple, and often can only realize vertical vibration, so it is in urgent need of improvement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-axis forward-reverse switching directional vibration wheel. The excitation cylinder of the present invention is provided with an active eccentric shaft and no less than three driven eccentric shafts along the direction of the cylinder axis of the excitation cylinder. On a relatively simple basis, directional vibrations in two different directions are realized.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A multi-axis forward-reverse switching directional vibration wheel comprises a vibration drum and a vibration excitation cylinder arranged in the vibration drum, the vibration excitation cylinder and the vibration drum are coaxially arranged; a main eccentric shaft is arranged in the vibration excitation cylinder, and the vibration excitation cylinder is The main eccentric shaft and the excitation cylinder are coaxially arranged, and no less than three driven eccentric shafts are evenly distributed in the excitation cylinder around the axis of the main eccentric shaft, and each of the driven eccentric shafts is arranged parallel to the main eccentric shaft;

The main eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by a vibration motor. When the main eccentric shaft rotates, each driven eccentric shaft is driven to rotate in a synchronous and reverse direction through a transmission mechanism; the centrifugal force generated when the main eccentric shaft rotates is equal to the The sum of the centrifugal forces generated when the driven eccentric shaft rotates.

As a further solution of the present invention: the inner two sides of the vibrating drum are provided with support plates for supporting the excitation cylinder, and the excitation cylinder is rotatably installed on the the support plate; the exciter cylinder body is formed by splicing the left bearing seat and the right bearing seat, and the left bearing seat and the right bearing seat are provided with vibration bearings for supporting the main eccentric shaft and the driven eccentric shaft, so The vibrating bearing is adapted to the position of the main eccentric shaft and the driven eccentric shaft.

As a further solution of the present invention: the left bearing seat and/or the right bearing seat are fixedly connected to the frame through a shock absorption system.

As a further solution of the present invention: the support plate on the side where the vibration motor is located is provided with mounting holes for easy maintenance, replacement and adjustment of the various components of the exciter cylinder, and a sealed bearing seat is installed on the hole wall of the mounting hole , the support bearing on the side of the vibration motor is installed in the bearing cavity of the sealed bearing housing.

As a further solution of the present invention: the size and material of each of the driven eccentric shafts are the same.

As a further solution of the present invention: the main eccentric shaft includes a rotating shaft and a rotatable movable eccentric block sleeved on the rotating shaft.

As a further solution of the present invention: by adjusting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block on the rotating shaft, the positive and negative rotation of the main eccentric shaft is driven by the vibration motor to realize the switching between the vertical vibration and the horizontal vibration of the vibration wheel, the horizontal vibration and the Any angle of oblique vibration phase switching, vertical vibration and any angle oblique vibration phase switching, two different angles of oblique vibration phase switching of any vibration switching.

As a further solution of the present invention, the main eccentric shaft and each of the driven eccentric shafts include a rotating shaft and a rotatable movable eccentric block sleeved on the rotating shaft.

As a further solution of the present invention, the shaft body of the rotating shaft is provided with a fixed eccentric block, and the centrifugal force generated when the fixed eccentric block and the movable eccentric block overlap or stagger during the rotation of the rotating shaft are not equal in magnitude.

As a further solution of the present invention: a limit sliding sleeve for limiting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block is arranged between the movable eccentric block and the rotating shaft, and the surface of the movable eccentric block and the limit sliding sleeve abutting An angle limiting groove is provided, and the sleeve body of the limiting sliding sleeve is protrudingly provided with a convex portion matched with the angle limiting groove.

As a further scheme of the present invention: by adjusting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block on the rotating shaft, the positive and negative rotation of the main eccentric shaft is driven by the vibration motor to realize the switching between the vertical vibration and the horizontal vibration of the vibration wheel, vertical vibration and Any angle of oblique vibration phase switching, horizontal vibration and any angle oblique vibration phase switching, two different angle oblique vibration phase switching, the same angle large and small vibration phase switching any vibration switching.

As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission structure is a synchronous reverse transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes a main gear sleeved on the cylindrical section shaft coaxial with the main eccentric shaft, and a main gear sleeved on the driven eccentric shaft. The auxiliary gear on the shaft body of the coaxial cylindrical segment meshes with the main gear.

As a further solution of the present invention, the number of auxiliary gears corresponding to each main gear is not more than two.

As a further solution of the present invention: an oil cylinder is provided on the outer side of the excitation cylinder, and the sealed bearing seat (14), the oil cylinder (10) and the support plates on both sides together form a closed lubricating oil cavity, and the oil The two ends of the inner wall of the cylinder along the axial direction of the excitation cylinder are respectively provided with a left oil pouring box and a right oil pouring box; the positions of the left oil pouring box and the right oil pouring box correspond to the vibration bearings in the bearing seat, Main and secondary gears.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. In the present invention, a main eccentric shaft is arranged in the excitation cylinder, and the main eccentric shaft is located on the axis of the excitation cylinder, and no less than three driven eccentric shafts are evenly arranged around the main eccentric shaft, and the three driven eccentric shafts are parallel to the main eccentric shaft. Shaft setting, the main eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by the vibration motor, when the main eccentric shaft rotates, the driven eccentric shaft is driven to rotate in the opposite direction through the transmission mechanism, and the centrifugal force generated when the main eccentric shaft rotates is equal to the centrifugal force generated when each driven eccentric shaft rotates. And; the present invention has a simple structure, and can realize directional vibration in two different directions by adjusting the starting position of the eccentric shaft and driving the main eccentric shaft forward and reverse by the vibration motor.

2. The size and material of the auxiliary eccentric shaft of the present invention are exactly the same, which is convenient for replacement and manufacture, and echoes each other during the vibration process, and has higher reliability.

3. The present invention is provided with an installation hole matching the diameter of the excitation cylinder on the support plate, and the sealing bearing seat is installed in the hole, and the supporting bearing is installed in the bearing cavity of the sealing bearing seat. It is disassembled to facilitate the subsequent maintenance and replacement of various components in the exciter cylinder through the installation holes.

4. In the present invention, the main eccentric shaft is set into a combined structure. By adjusting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block on the rotating shaft, the vibration motor drives the main eccentric shaft forward and reverse to realize the switching between the vertical vibration and the horizontal vibration of the vibration wheel. , switching between horizontal vibration and oblique vibration at any angle, switching between vertical vibration and oblique vibration at any angle, and switching between two different angles of oblique vibration; due to the movable eccentric block can be adjusted arbitrarily Its rotation angle enables the exciter cylinder to vibrate in any direction.

5. The present invention is provided with a plurality of main gears, so that the number of auxiliary gears corresponding to each gear is not more than two, which reduces the meshing surface of the main gear, increases its service life, improves its reliability, and avoids frequent replacement.

6. In the present invention, the vibration excitation cylinder is fixedly connected with the frame through the shock absorption system, which reduces the axial vibration between the two and improves the stability and reliability during the working process.

7. In the present invention, both the main eccentric shaft and the movable eccentric shaft are designed into a combined structure. The setting of the angle limit groove, when the driving equipment is forward and reversed, drives the movable eccentric block and the fixed eccentric block to move upward along the eccentric shaft axis through inertia. Projection coincides or separates, so as to realize the switching of large and small vibrations at the same angle;

By adjusting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block on the rotating shaft, the vibration motor can drive the main eccentric shaft forward and reverse to realize the switching between the vertical vibration and the horizontal vibration of the vibration wheel, and the switching between the vertical vibration and the oblique vibration at any angle. , switching between horizontal vibration and oblique vibration at any angle, switching between two different angles of oblique vibration, and switching between large and small vibrations at the same angle; specifically, switching between vertical large vibration and horizontal large vibration , switch between large vertical vibration and small horizontal vibration, switch between small vertical vibration and large horizontal vibration, switch between small vertical vibration and small horizontal vibration, switch between large horizontal vibration and large oblique vibration at any angle, and switch between large horizontal vibration and any One-angle oblique small vibration phase switching, horizontal small vibration and any angle oblique large vibration phase switching, horizontal small vibration and any angle oblique small vibration phase switching, vertical large vibration and any angle oblique large vibration phase switching , Switch between large vertical vibration and small oblique vibration at any angle, switch between small vertical vibration and large oblique vibration at any angle, switch between small vertical vibration and small oblique vibration at any angle, and switch between large oblique vibration at any angle Switch between large oblique vibrations at another angle, switch between large oblique vibrations at any angle and small oblique vibrations at another angle, switch between small oblique vibrations at any angle and large oblique vibrations at another angle, and switch between oblique vibrations at any angle The oblique small vibration is switched with the oblique small vibration of another angle.

8. In the present invention, a lubricating oil cavity is arranged inside the vibrating roller, and the lubricating oil cavity is a closed area enclosed by the sealed bearing seat, the oil cylinder and the support plates on both sides. In order to facilitate oil filling into the lubricating oil cavity, an oil filling port can be set on the sealed bearing seat, and the oil filling port is closed after the lubricating oil is injected to prevent the oil from leaking. According to the present invention, the inner wall of the oil cylinder is provided with a left oil pouring box and a right oil pouring box at both ends along the axial direction of the vibration excitation tube. Since the oil pouring box is arranged corresponding to the bearing and the transmission mechanism, the vibration excitation tube is provided. The vibration process of the machine can be continuously lubricated, making the working process more stable.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a schematic side view of the structure when three driven eccentric shafts are arranged inside the exciter cylinder in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 2B is a schematic side view of the structure when four driven eccentric shafts are arranged inside the exciter cylinder in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 2C is a partial enlarged view of the main eccentric shaft in FIGS. 2A and 2B in the present invention.

FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of the rotation state when the fixed eccentric block and the movable eccentric block are on the same side of the rotation axis and coincide with each other in the present invention.

FIG. 2E is a schematic diagram of a rotating state when the fixed eccentric block and the movable eccentric block are on both sides of the rotating shaft.

Figures 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of the rotation states of the eccentric shafts when three driven eccentric shafts are set, respectively, when the eccentric shafts are in positive rotation with large vibration and reverse rotation with small vibration; Figures 3C and 3D are when four driven eccentric shafts are set. Schematic diagrams of the rotation states when the forward rotation is large and the reverse vibration is small; the positive rotation large vibration includes the vertical positive rotation large vibration, the oblique positive rotation large vibration and the horizontal positive rotation large vibration, while the reverse rotation small vibration includes Vertical reversal small vibration, oblique reversal small vibration and horizontal reversal small vibration.

4A is a schematic diagram of the rotation angle of each eccentric shaft in the process of realizing vertical vibration when three driven eccentric shafts are provided, the main eccentric shaft rotates forward, and each driven eccentric shaft reverses synchronously.

4B is a schematic diagram of the rotation angle of each eccentric shaft in the process of realizing horizontal vibration when three driven eccentric shafts are provided, the main eccentric shaft is reversed, and each driven eccentric shaft is rotated forward synchronously.

4C is a schematic diagram of the rotation angle of each eccentric shaft in the process of realizing vertical vibration when four driven eccentric shafts are provided, the main eccentric shaft rotates forward, and each driven eccentric shaft reverses synchronously.

4D is a schematic diagram of the rotation angle of each eccentric shaft in the process of realizing horizontal vibration when four driven eccentric shafts are provided, the main eccentric shaft is reversed, and each driven eccentric shaft is rotated forward synchronously.

FIG. 5A is a schematic structural diagram of switching between any two directional vibration states when three eccentric shafts are provided.

FIG. 5B is a schematic structural diagram of switching between any two directional vibration states when four eccentric shafts are provided.

In the figure: 1. Vibration drum; 2. Support bearing; 3. Left oil tank; 4. Left bearing seat; 5. Secondary gear; 6. Main gear; 7. Driven eccentric shaft; 8. Main eccentric shaft; 9 , right bearing seat; 10, oil cylinder; 11, vibration bearing; 12, right oil tank; 13, vibration motor; 14, sealed bearing seat; 15, fixed eccentric block; 16, rotating shaft; 17, limit sliding sleeve ; 18, flat key; 19, angle limit groove; 20, movable eccentric block.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1, a multi-axis forward-reverse switching directional vibration wheel includes a vibration drum 1 and a vibration excitation cylinder arranged in the vibration drum 1, and the vibration excitation cylinder and the vibration drum 1 are coaxially arranged; There is a main eccentric shaft 8 and no less than three driven eccentric shafts 7, each driven eccentric shaft 7 is evenly arranged around the axis of the main eccentric shaft 8, and the driven eccentric shafts 7 are arranged parallel to the main eccentric shaft 8, as given below Specific examples:

1. As shown in Fig. 2A, there are three driven eccentric shafts 7, and the axis connecting line of each driven eccentric shaft 7 is an equilateral triangle from the cross-section, and the axis of the main eccentric shaft 8 is located on the inner center of the equilateral triangle.

2. As shown in Figure 2B, there are four driven eccentric shafts in total, and the axis connecting the adjacent driven eccentric shafts is a square in cross-section, and the axis of the main eccentric shaft 8 is located at the center of the square.

The main eccentric shaft 8 is driven to rotate by the vibration motor 13, and the vibration motor 13 here is only a better choice, and other driving sources can be used to drive the main eccentric shaft 8 to rotate; when the main eccentric shaft 8 rotates, the transmission mechanism drives each The driven eccentric shaft 7 rotates synchronously and reversely; the centrifugal force generated when the main eccentric shaft 8 rotates is equal to the sum of the centrifugal forces generated when each driven eccentric shaft 7 rotates.

In the present invention, only the preferred specific embodiment is given when the number of driven eccentric shafts 7 is 3 or 4. In the actual production process, the number of driven eccentric shafts 7 is not specifically limited, and five or six are acceptable. Only The following conditions need to be met: the driven eccentric shaft 7 is evenly arranged around the axis of the main eccentric shaft 8, and the driven eccentric shaft 7 is arranged in parallel with the main eccentric shaft 8, and the driven eccentric shaft 7 and the main eccentric shaft 8 rotate in the opposite direction synchronously The centrifugal force generated when the main eccentric shaft 8 rotates is equal to the sum of the centrifugal forces generated when the driven eccentric shafts 7 rotate.

In order to facilitate production and manufacture, the size and material of the driven eccentric shaft are usually the same, which is beneficial to improve the stability and reliability of the vibration process.

As shown in Figure 1, the inner two sides of the vibration drum 1 are provided with support plates for supporting the excitation cylinder, and the excitation cylinder is rotatably installed on the support plate through the support bearings 2 arranged on the outer sides of the axial ends of the cylinder body; The excitation cylinder body is formed by splicing the left bearing seat 4 and the right bearing seat 9. The left bearing seat 4 and the right bearing seat 9 are provided with a vibration bearing 11 for supporting the main eccentric shaft 8 and the driven eccentric shaft 7. , the vibration bearing 11 is matched with the main eccentric shaft 8 and the driven eccentric shaft 7 in position.

The vibration excitation cylinder as a whole is preferably a split cylindrical structure, specifically, a cylindrical shape is formed by splicing the left bearing seat 4 and the right bearing seat 9, and the splicing point of the left bearing seat 4 and the right bearing seat 9 is not limited; the left bearing seat 4 and The two ends of the right bearing seat 9 along the axial direction of the cylinder body are provided with cantilevered cylindrical mounting ends, and the vibration excitation cylinder is rotatably mounted on the supporting bearings 2 on both sides through the mounting ends at both ends, and the vibration motor 13 Set at one of the placement ends. The inside of the excitation cylinder is a cylindrical cavity, and both ends of the cylindrical cavity are used to install vibration bearings.

The left bearing seat 4 and/or the right bearing seat 9 are fixedly connected to the frame through a shock absorbing system, and rubber shock absorbing is usually adopted here.

In order to facilitate the maintenance, replacement and debugging of the internal components of the exciter cylinder, it is preferable to open a mounting hole on the support plate on the side where the vibration motor 13 is located, which is convenient for maintenance, replacement and adjustment of the various parts of the exciter cylinder. Usually, the diameter of the mounting hole is Consistent with the diameter of the exciter cylinder, a sealed bearing seat 14 is installed on the hole wall of the installation hole, and the support bearing 2 on the side where the vibration motor 13 is located is installed in the bearing cavity of the sealed bearing seat 14 .

As shown in Figure 1, the transmission structure is a synchronous reverse transmission mechanism, preferably gear transmission; the transmission mechanism includes a main gear 6 sleeved on a cylindrical section shaft coaxial with the main eccentric shaft 8 and a main gear 6 sleeved on the driven eccentric shaft The auxiliary gear 5 on the shaft body of the coaxial cylindrical section of the shaft 7 realizes the synchronous reversal of the main gear 6 and the auxiliary gear 5 through the meshing of the auxiliary gear 5 and the main gear 6. Usually, the main and auxiliary gears have the same size; in addition, the position of the transmission mechanism is not limited , can be set at any position along the length of the eccentric shaft.

In the conventional setting, a main gear 6 drives three or four auxiliary gears 5 to rotate. In order to reduce the wear degree of the main gear, the number of auxiliary gears 5 corresponding to each main gear 6 is not more than two. The preferred specific embodiment of the transmission mechanism:

1: As shown in Figure 2A, when the number of auxiliary gears 5 is 3, two main gears 6 are provided, and the position on the main eccentric shaft 8 is not limited. One of the main gears 6 meshes with one auxiliary gear 5, and the other main gear 6 The two pinions 5 mesh.

Similarly, when the number of driven eccentric shafts 7 is an odd number such as 5, 7, 9, etc., the number of auxiliary gears 5 is correspondingly increased, so as to ensure that every two auxiliary gears 5 mesh with a corresponding main gear 6, and the additional auxiliary gear 5 is separate. Meshing with a main gear 6, the position of the main gear 6 is not limited, and they can be staggered.

2: As shown in Figure 2B, when the number of auxiliary gears is 4, there are two main gears 6, and the position on the main eccentric shaft 8 is not limited. Each main gear 6 meshes with two auxiliary gears 5, and each main gear 6 The meshed auxiliary gears 5 may be adjacent auxiliary gears 5 , or may be two auxiliary gears arranged symmetrically with respect to the main gear 6 .

In the same way, when the number of driven eccentric shafts 7 is an even number such as 6, 8, 10, etc., the number of auxiliary gears 5 is correspondingly increased to ensure that every two auxiliary gears 5 mesh with one main gear 6, and the position of the main gear 6 is not limited. You can stagger each.

In order to facilitate the lubrication of the gears, the position of the main gear 6 is preferably set on the left and right sides of the main eccentric shaft 8, which corresponds to the position of the oil pouring box, and can be freely adjusted in the actual working process.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an oil cylinder 10 is provided on the outer side of the excitation cylinder. The sealed bearing seat 14 , the oil cylinder 10 and the support plates on both sides together form a closed lubricating oil cavity. The inner wall of the oil cylinder 10 The two ends along the axial direction of the excitation cylinder are respectively provided with a left oil pouring box 3 and a right oil pouring box 12; the positions of the left oil pouring box 3 and the right oil pouring box 12 correspond to the main gear 6 and the auxiliary gear 5 , Vibration bearings in the bearing housing.

The vibration process of the present invention is specifically described below: (the arrow in the figure represents the direction of centrifugal force)

Embodiment 1: the main eccentric shaft 8 is a combined type, including a rotating shaft 16 and a rotatable movable eccentric block 20 sleeved on the rotating shaft 16, and the driven eccentric shaft 7 is an integrated structure at this time;

4A, when having three driven eccentric shafts 7, the schematic diagram of the state when each eccentric shaft is rotated to different angles in the vertical vibration process is described; first, each eccentric shaft is in a static initial state, and the movable eccentric block 20 is not adjusted, vibrating The motor 13 drives the main eccentric shaft 8 to start rotating forward. When the rotation angle is 0°, the centrifugal force of each eccentric shaft is directed downward, thereby driving the vibrating drum 1 to compact the road surface downward; after rotating 45°, the centrifugal force is inclined to the ground. , the component force along the vertical direction points to the ground, but when the downward pressure force is less than the initial 0°, the horizontal resultant force is 0 after balance; when it rotates to 90°, there is no vertical resultant force at this time, In the horizontal direction, the centrifugal force directions of the main eccentric shaft 8 and the driven eccentric shaft 7 are opposite, and the resultant force is 0; when the rotation reaches 135°, the component force of each eccentric shaft in the vertical direction is upward at this time, and the resultant force in the horizontal direction is 0 after balance, and the centrifugal force The direction of the resultant force is upward; when it rotates to 180°, the direction of the centrifugal force is upward, and there is no horizontal component force. At this time, the direction of the centrifugal force is upward and the resultant force reaches the maximum; when it is rotated from 180° to 360°, the centrifugal force is turned upward again. The maximum resultant force becomes the maximum resultant force in the downward direction, thereby realizing a complete vertical vibration cycle; in the same way, the vibration motor 13 drives the main eccentric shaft 8 to reverse the direction, and this process can also be achieved.

Figure 4B depicts a schematic diagram of the state when each eccentric shaft rotates to different angles during the horizontal vibration process when there are three eccentric shafts 7; first, each eccentric shaft is in a static initial state, and the movable eccentric block 20 is adjusted to make it and the static initial state. Compared with the state of rotating 180°, the vibration motor 13 drives the main eccentric shaft 8 to start to reverse. When the rotation angle is 0°, there is no horizontal resultant force at this time, and the centrifugal force in the vertical direction of the main eccentric shaft 8 and the driven eccentric shaft 7 is opposite. , the resultant force is 0; when the rotation angle is 45°, since the centrifugal force of each eccentric shaft is inclined to the ground, the resultant force in the vertical direction is 0 after balance, and the resultant force in the horizontal direction points to the right after the balance, and the resultant force of the centrifugal force is to the right at this time; the rotation angle When it is 90°, there is no centrifugal force in the vertical direction, the resultant force in the horizontal direction is to the right and the resultant force reaches the maximum; when the rotation angle is 135°, the resultant force in the vertical direction is 0 after balance, and the resultant force in the horizontal direction points to the right; When the angle is 180°, there is no horizontal resultant force at this time, the centrifugal force of the main eccentric shaft 8 and the driven eccentric shaft 7 in the vertical direction are opposite, and the resultant force is 0; when it is rotated from 180° to 360°, the direction of the resultant centrifugal force is 0. The direction changes to the left and the resultant force is the largest, and finally decreases until it reaches 0, thereby realizing a complete horizontal vibration cycle; in the same way, the vibration motor 13 drives the main eccentric shaft 8 to reverse the rotation to achieve this process.

As shown in Figure 4C and Figure 4D, it is a schematic diagram of the state when each eccentric shaft is rotated to different angles during the vertical and horizontal vibration process when there are four driven eccentric shafts. The principle is the same as the above-mentioned Figure 4A and Figure 4B. .

In the same way, as shown in Figure 5A and Figure 5B, when the eccentric block is initially adjusted, it is adjusted to the inclination angle, and the vibration motor 13 drives the main eccentric shaft 8 to rotate in the positive and negative directions, so that the direction of the resultant centrifugal force is inclined to the ground during the rotation process, making it Form the back and forth vibration in the oblique direction.

To sum up, by adjusting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block 20 on the rotating shaft 16, the main eccentric shaft 8 is driven by the vibration motor 13 to rotate forward and reverse to realize the vertical vibration and horizontal vibration of the vibration wheel as shown in Figures 5A and 5B. Vibration phase switching, horizontal vibration and any angle oblique vibration phase switching, vertical vibration and any angle oblique vibration phase switching, and any vibration switching among two different angles of oblique vibration phase switching.

Embodiment 2: In order to further optimize Embodiment 1 and achieve more and better vibration states, the main eccentric shaft 8 and the driven eccentric shaft are both set as a combined type, so that the movable eccentric block 20 can be rotated by a set angle, and the fixed eccentric block 15 can be easily disassembled into different sizes, and the combination makes the vibration state of the exciter more diverse and flexible.

Specifically, the main eccentric shaft 8 and each driven eccentric shaft 7 include a rotating shaft 16 and a movable eccentric block 20 rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft 16 , and a fixed eccentric block 15 is provided on the shaft body of the rotating shaft 16 . Between the movable eccentric block 20 and the rotating shaft 16, there is a limit sliding sleeve 17 for limiting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block 20, and an angle limit groove is provided on the surface of the movable eccentric block 20 that is in contact with the limit sliding sleeve 17 19. The sleeve body of the limit sliding sleeve 17 is protrudingly provided with a convex portion which is matched with the angle limit groove 19. The limit sliding sleeve 17 and the rotating shaft 16 are connected by a flat key 18 .

In order to achieve different vibration states, the movable eccentric block 20 and the fixed eccentric block 15 are usually set to different sizes, and the shape of the angle limit groove 19 can be freely selected. When reversed, the following states are achieved:

When the rotating shaft 16 rotates forward, the movable eccentric block 20 overlaps with the fixed eccentric block 15 due to inertia, forming a semicircle as shown in FIG. 2D , and the centrifugal force is the largest at this time.

When the rotating shaft 16 is reversed, the movable eccentric block 20 is staggered from the fixed eccentric block 15 due to inertia. When the two are completely staggered as shown in FIG. 2E , the centrifugal force is minimal.

In the large positive vibration in the vertical direction shown in Figures 3A and 3C, the fixed eccentric blocks and the movable eccentric blocks of the three or four eccentric shafts are vibrated downward to achieve the maximum vibration effect; as shown in Figures 3B and 3D In the small vibration of vertical reversal, the fixed eccentric blocks of the three or four eccentric shafts are all vibrated downward, while the movable eccentric blocks are raised upward, and the two are superimposed to achieve the smallest vibration effect. In the large vibration of oblique positive rotation shown in Figures 3A and 3C, the fixed eccentric blocks and movable eccentric blocks of three or four eccentric shafts are superimposed and all vibrate downward, so as to achieve the maximum vibration at this oblique angle. Vibration effect; in the oblique reversal small vibration shown in Figures 3B and 3D, the fixed eccentric blocks and the movable eccentric blocks of the three or four eccentric shafts are separated from each other, so as to achieve the smallest minimum vibration at the same oblique angle. Vibration effect. In the large positive vibration in the horizontal direction shown in Figures 3A and 3C, the fixed eccentric blocks and the movable eccentric blocks of the three or four eccentric shafts are superimposed together to achieve the maximum vibration effect in the horizontal direction; in Figures 3B and 3D In the small horizontal reversal vibration shown, the fixed eccentric blocks of the three or four eccentric shafts are all separated from each other to achieve a minimal vibration effect in the horizontal direction.

To sum up, by adjusting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block 20 on the rotating shaft 16, the main eccentric shaft 8 is driven by the vibration motor 13 to rotate forward and reverse to realize the switching between the vertical vibration and the horizontal vibration of the vibration wheel, the vertical vibration and any angle. Oblique vibration phase switching, horizontal vibration and oblique vibration phase switching at any angle, oblique vibration phase switching between two different angles, and vibration switching between large and small vibration phases at the same angle, the specific switching methods are as follows: Switch between vertical large vibration and horizontal large vibration, switch between vertical large vibration and horizontal small vibration, switch between vertical small vibration and horizontal large vibration, switch between vertical small vibration and horizontal small vibration, horizontal large vibration and oblique large vibration at any angle Vibration phase switching, horizontal large vibration and any angle oblique small vibration phase switching, horizontal small vibration and any angle oblique large vibration phase switching, horizontal small vibration and any angle oblique small vibration phase switching, vertical large vibration and Switching between large oblique vibrations at any angle, switching between large vertical vibrations and small oblique vibrations at any angle, switching between small vertical vibrations and large oblique vibrations at any angle, and switching between small vertical vibrations and small oblique vibrations at any angle Switching, switching between large oblique vibration at any angle and large oblique vibration at another angle, switching between large oblique vibration at any angle and small oblique vibration at another angle, switching between small oblique vibration at any angle and oblique vibration at another angle Switch to large vibration, small vibration at any angle, and small vibration at another angle.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A multi-shaft forward and reverse switching directional vibrating wheel is characterized by comprising a vibrating roller (1) and a vibrating cylinder arranged in the vibrating roller (1), wherein the vibrating cylinder and the vibrating roller (1) are coaxially arranged; a main eccentric shaft (8) is arranged in the excitation cylinder, the main eccentric shaft (8) and the excitation cylinder are coaxially arranged, at least three driven eccentric shafts (7) are uniformly distributed in the excitation cylinder around the axis of the main eccentric shaft (8), and each driven eccentric shaft (7) is arranged in parallel with the main eccentric shaft (8);

the main eccentric shafts (8) are driven to rotate by a vibration motor (13), and when the main eccentric shafts (8) rotate, the driven eccentric shafts (7) are driven to synchronously rotate in opposite directions by a transmission mechanism; the centrifugal force generated when the main eccentric shaft (8) rotates is equal to the sum of the centrifugal forces generated when the driven eccentric shafts (7) rotate.

2. The multi-shaft forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel according to claim 1, wherein supporting plates for supporting the vibration drum are arranged on two sides inside the vibrating drum (1), and the vibration drum is rotatably mounted on the supporting plates through supporting bearings (2) arranged outside two axial ends of the drum body; the excitation cylinder body is formed by splicing a left bearing seat (4) and a right bearing seat (9), vibration bearings (11) used for supporting the main eccentric shaft (8) and the driven eccentric shaft (7) are arranged on the left bearing seat (4) and the right bearing seat (9), and the vibration bearings (11) are matched with the main eccentric shaft (8) and the driven eccentric shaft (7) in position.

3. Multiaxial positive and negative switching directional vibratory wheel according to claim 2 where the left bearing block (4) and/or the right bearing block (9) is/are fixedly connected to the frame by a damping system.

4. The multi-shaft forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel as claimed in claim 2, wherein a supporting plate at the side of the vibrating motor (13) is provided with a mounting hole for facilitating maintenance, replacement and adjustment of parts of the vibrating cylinder, a sealing bearing seat (14) is mounted on the hole wall of the mounting hole, and the supporting bearing (2) at the side of the vibrating motor (13) is mounted in a bearing cavity of the sealing bearing seat (14).

5. Multiaxial positive and negative switching directional vibratory wheel according to claim 1 where the driven eccentric shafts (7) are of the same size and material.

6. A multi-shaft forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the main eccentric shaft (8) comprises a rotating shaft (16) and a movable eccentric block (20) rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft (16).

7. A multi-axle forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel according to claim 6, wherein by adjusting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric mass (20) on the rotation axle (16), the main eccentric axle (8) is driven by the vibrating motor (13) to rotate forward and backward, so as to realize any one of the switching between vertical vibration and horizontal vibration, the switching between horizontal vibration and any angle oblique vibration, the switching between vertical vibration and any angle oblique vibration, and the switching between two different angles oblique vibration.

8. A multi-shaft forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the main eccentric shaft (8) and each driven eccentric shaft (7) comprise a rotating shaft (16) and a movable eccentric block (20) rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft (16).

9. The multi-axial forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel according to claim 8, wherein the rotating shaft (16) is provided with a fixed eccentric block (15) on the shaft body, and the centrifugal forces generated when the fixed eccentric block (15) and the movable eccentric block (20) are overlapped or staggered are not equal in magnitude during the forward-backward rotation of the rotating shaft (16).

10. The multi-shaft forward and reverse switching directional vibrating wheel according to claim 9, wherein a limiting sliding sleeve (17) for limiting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric block (20) is arranged between the movable eccentric block (20) and the rotating shaft (16), an angle limiting groove (19) is formed in the surface of the movable eccentric block (20) and the surface of the limiting sliding sleeve (17) which are attached to each other, and a protruding portion matched with the angle limiting groove (19) is convexly arranged on the sleeve body of the limiting sliding sleeve (17).

11. The multi-shaft forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel according to claim 10, wherein by adjusting the rotation angle of the movable eccentric mass (20) on the rotation shaft (16), the main eccentric shaft (8) is driven by the vibrating motor (13) to rotate forward and backward, so that any one of the vertical vibration and horizontal vibration phase switching, vertical vibration and any angle oblique vibration phase switching, horizontal vibration and any angle oblique vibration phase switching, two different angle oblique vibration phase switching, and same angle large and small vibration phase switching of the vibrating wheel can be realized.

12. A multi-shaft forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transmission structure is a synchronous reverse transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a main gear (6) sleeved on a shaft body of a cylindrical section coaxial with the main eccentric shaft (8) and a secondary gear (5) sleeved on a shaft body of a cylindrical section coaxial with the driven eccentric shaft (7), and the secondary gear (5) is meshed with the main gear (6).

13. Multiaxial positive-negative switching orientation vibratory wheel according to claim 12 where there are no more than two counter gears (5) engaged with each primary gear (6).

14. The multi-shaft forward-backward switching directional vibrating wheel as claimed in claim 12, wherein an oil cylinder (10) is arranged outside the vibrating cylinder, a sealed bearing seat (14), the oil cylinder (10) and supporting plates at two sides jointly enclose a closed lubricating oil cavity, and a left oil pouring box (3) and a right oil pouring box (12) are respectively arranged at two ends of the inner wall of the oil cylinder (10) in the axial direction of the vibrating cylinder; the positions of the left oil pouring box (3) and the right oil pouring box (12) correspond to the vibration bearings in the main gear (6), the pinion (5) and the bearing seat.

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