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CN111976414B - Control method and system of thermal management system - Google Patents

Control method and system of thermal management system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111976414B
CN111976414B CN201910425645.2A CN201910425645A CN111976414B CN 111976414 B CN111976414 B CN 111976414B CN 201910425645 A CN201910425645 A CN 201910425645A CN 111976414 B CN111976414 B CN 111976414B
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China
Prior art keywords
heat
power battery
compressor
heat storage
condenser
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CN201910425645.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111976414A (en
Inventor
牛凤仙
潘乐燕
王天英
刘启华
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a control method and a control system of a thermal management system, when heating is required indoors, whether a power battery has available heat storage is judged at first, and when the power battery has available heat storage, a refrigerant absorbs heat through a first heating loop, a second heating loop and a third heating loop and enters a condenser to release the heat indoors through driving of a compressor, so that heating is realized. Therefore, when the temperature is lower, the heat accumulation of the power battery can be utilized to improve the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant, so that the heat management system can be supported to work at a lower temperature, a two-stage electric compressor is not needed, the production cost is reduced, and the use experience of a user is improved.

Description

Control method and system of thermal management system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle thermal management, in particular to a control method and a control system of a thermal management system.
Background
As electric vehicles develop rapidly, the demand for electric vehicle thermal management systems is becoming increasingly stringent. In order to improve the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle in the pure electric mode and under the condition that the air conditioning system is opened, some electric vehicles adopt a heat pump air conditioning system. The lower operating temperature limit of a heat pump air conditioning system is typically-5 deg.c to-10 deg.c, due to the inherent characteristics of the refrigerant. In order to widen the working range of the heat pump air conditioning system, the working temperature of the heat pump system is usually detected to be minus 15 ℃ by adopting a two-stage electric compressor in the prior art, but the reliability of the two-stage electric compressor is problematic, the mass production on the whole vehicle is difficult in a short period, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a method and a system for controlling a thermal management system, which solve the problem that a heat pump air conditioning system cannot work at low temperature.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application is as follows:
in a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a control method of a thermal management system is provided, where the control method is applied to the thermal management system,
the control method comprises the following steps:
when heating is needed, detecting whether the power battery stores heat or not; the power battery is a battery with a heat storage function;
if the power battery has heat storage and utilization, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, absorbs heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and enters the condenser through the compressor to release the heat indoors;
the first heating loop comprises a gas-liquid separator, a compressor and a condenser; the second heating loop comprises the condenser, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor; the third heating loop comprises the condenser, a cooling system, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
when the power battery is used for heat storage, detecting whether the outdoor temperature is less than a temperature threshold value; the temperature threshold is the lowest temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside;
when the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs the heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and is driven into the condenser by the compressor to release the heat into a room.
When the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, absorbs heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into a room.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
when the power battery is not used for heat storage, detecting whether the outdoor temperature is less than a temperature threshold value; the temperature threshold is the lowest temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside;
when the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into the room;
when the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into a room, so that heating is realized.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
when the power battery is charged, a charging mode and heat storage strength are obtained; the charging mode comprises a fast charging mode and a slow charging mode; the heat storage strength represents the heat storage demand strength of the power battery; the charging mode and the heat storage strength can be preset;
controlling to switch on or off a heater according to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity; the heater is used for heating the power battery so that the power battery achieves the heat storage strength.
In one possible implementation, the controlling the heater to be turned on or off according to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity includes:
acquiring a corresponding target temperature threshold according to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity; the target temperature threshold represents the temperature to be reached by the power battery in the charging mode and the heat storage intensity; the target temperature threshold corresponds to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity;
judging whether the temperature of the power battery is smaller than a target temperature threshold value or not;
if the temperature of the power battery is less than the target temperature threshold, starting the heater;
and if the temperature of the power battery is not less than the target temperature threshold, turning off the heater.
In one possible implementation, the thermal storage strength includes no thermal storage, low thermal storage, medium thermal storage, and high thermal storage; the target temperature threshold is proportional to the heat storage intensity.
In one possible implementation, the target temperature threshold corresponding to no thermal storage in the fast charge mode is greater than the target temperature threshold corresponding to no thermal storage in the slow charge mode.
In one possible implementation, when refrigeration is desired, the refrigerant absorbs indoor heat through a refrigeration circuit and releases heat to the environment through the heat exchanger in the refrigeration circuit; the refrigeration loop comprises an evaporator, the gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a condenser and a heat exchanger.
In a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a thermal management system, the system comprising: an air conditioning system and a power battery thermal management system;
the air conditioning system includes: the device comprises a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a condenser and a heat exchanger; the input end of the compressor is connected with the output end of the gas-liquid separator, and the output end of the compressor is connected with the input end of the condenser; the input end of the heat exchanger is connected with the output end of the condenser, and the output end of the heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid separator;
the power battery thermal management system includes: a power battery, a cooling system; the power battery is a battery with a heat storage function;
the gas-liquid separator, the compressor and the condenser form a first heating loop through a first pipeline; the condenser, the heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separator and the compressor form a second heating loop through a second pipeline; the condenser, the cooling system, the gas-liquid separator and the compressor form a third heating loop through a third pipeline.
In one possible implementation, the power battery thermal management system further includes: a heater; the heater, the water pump and the power battery form a heating loop of the power battery through the fourth pipeline.
From this, the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the control method provided by the embodiment of the application, when the indoor heating is needed, whether the heat storage of the power battery is available is judged, and when the heat storage of the power battery is available, the refrigerant absorbs heat through the first heating loop, the second heating loop and the third heating loop and enters the condenser to release the heat into the indoor through the driving of the compressor, so that the heating is realized. Therefore, when the temperature is lower, the heat accumulation of the power battery can be utilized to improve the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant, so that the heat management system can be supported to work at a lower temperature, a two-stage electric compressor is not needed, the production cost is reduced, and the use experience of a user is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a control method of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another refrigerant flow provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a further refrigerant flow provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another refrigerant flow provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of power battery charging control according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures and detailed description are described in further detail below.
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the present application, the following description will first explain the background art of the present application.
The inventors have studied conventional thermal management systems, which typically operate at temperatures ranging from-5 c to-10 c due to the refrigerant characteristics. When the temperature is lower, the suction pressure of the compressor is lower, and the heating performance is affected. In order to widen the working range of the heat pump air conditioning system, the traditional improvement method adopts a two-stage electric compressor to detect the working temperature of the heat pump system to minus 15 ℃. However, the reliability problem of the two-stage motor-driven compressor is not solved, the two-stage motor-driven compressor is difficult to produce in large quantities in a short period of time, and the cost is high.
Based on the above, the application provides a thermal management system and a control method of an electric automobile, based on the characteristics of the whole automobile battery, by utilizing the heat capacity of the power battery, when heating is needed, the refrigerant can absorb the heat released by the power battery, the pressure of air suction of a compressor is increased, and then the heat released by the power battery can be utilized to heat the room, so that the thermal management system can work at a lower temperature without adopting a two-stage electric compressor, and the production cost is reduced.
In order to facilitate understanding of the control method provided in the present application, the thermal management system in the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the system may include: an air conditioning system 100 and a battery thermal management system 200.
The air conditioning system 100 comprises a compressor 1, a condenser 2.2, a heat exchanger 3 and a gas-liquid separator 6. The input end of the compressor 1 is connected with the output end of the gas-liquid separator 6, and the output end of the compressor 1 is connected with the input end of the condenser 2.2; the input end of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with the output end of the condenser 2.2, and the output end of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid separator 6.
The power battery thermal management system 200 includes: a power cell 10 and a cooling system 11. The cooling system 11 is used for cooling the power battery 10, so that the influence of higher temperature of the power battery on the working performance of the battery is avoided. The power battery 10 is a battery having a heat storage function.
In the present embodiment, the gas-liquid separator 6, the compressor 1 and the condenser 2.2 form a first heating circuit through a first pipe. In practical application, the compressor 1 obtains the refrigerant from the gas-liquid separator 6, converts kinetic energy into heat energy through acting, absorbs heat, and enters the condenser 2.2 to be mixed with indoor cold air to release heat under the driving of the compressor 1.
The condenser 2.2, the heat exchanger 3, the gas-liquid separator 6 and the compressor 1 form a second heating circuit via a second line. In practical application, after releasing heat in the condenser 2.2, the refrigerant enters the heat exchanger 3 through the second pipeline, absorbs outdoor heat to become low-temperature low-pressure gas, enters the gas-liquid separator 6 through the second pipeline, and outputs the gaseous refrigerant to the compressor 1 after gas-liquid separation. The compressor 1 works to convert low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant into high-temperature high-pressure gas, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas enters a condenser to release heat into a room.
The condenser 2.2, the cooling system 11, the gas-liquid separator 6 and the compressor 1 form a third heating circuit via a third line. In practical application, after the refrigerant releases heat in the condenser 2.2, the refrigerant absorbs heat released by the power battery from the cooling system 11 through the third pipeline, and enters the gas-liquid separator, and after gas-liquid separation, the gaseous refrigerant is output to the compressor 1. The compressor 1 works to convert low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant into high-temperature high-pressure gas, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas enters a condenser to release heat into a room.
In practice, to achieve a throttling control of the refrigerant, the air conditioning system may further comprise a first electronic expansion valve 4, which first electronic expansion valve 4 is located between the condenser 2.2 and the heat exchanger 3. The condenser 2.2, the first electronic expansion valve 4, the heat exchanger 3, the gas-liquid separator 6 and the compressor 1 form a second heating circuit through a second pipeline. In use, refrigerant output from the condenser 2.2 is throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4 and then enters the heat exchanger 3 to absorb outdoor heat.
Similarly, the thermal management system may further comprise a second electronic expansion valve 12, the second electronic expansion valve 12 being located between the condenser 2.2 and the cooling system 11. The condenser 2.2, the second electronic expansion valve 12, the cooling system 11, the gas-liquid separator 6 and the compressor 1 form a third heating circuit via a third line. In use, the refrigerant output from the condenser 2.2 is throttled by the second electronic expansion valve 12 and then passed through the cooling system 11 to absorb heat released by the power cell.
The cooling system 11 comprises a cooler 7 and a water pump 8, wherein the cooler 7, the water pump 8 and the power battery 10 form a heat dissipation loop of the power battery through a fourth pipeline. It will be appreciated that the power battery will release heat during operation, and in order to avoid overheating of the power battery affecting the battery performance, the water pump 8 determines that the cooling liquid absorbs the heat released by the power battery through the fourth pipeline, and the cooling liquid cools the power battery through the cooler 7, and the circulating flow cools the power battery.
It can be understood that the working performance of the power battery is extremely easy to be affected by temperature, especially in winter, under the condition of lower outdoor environment temperature, the charging and discharging capacity of the power battery is greatly reduced, the cruising ability of the electric vehicle is affected, and in order to ensure the normal working of the power battery, when the outdoor environment temperature is lower, the power battery can be heated, and the charging and discharging capacity of the power battery is ensured. Thus, the power cell thermal management system may also include a heater 9. Wherein the heater 9, the water pump 8 and the power battery 10 form a heating circuit of the power battery through a fourth pipeline. In practical application, the power battery can be charged in two modes, namely a fast charging mode and a slow charging mode. In the fast charge mode, the water pump 8 drives the coolant to flow, and the heater 9 heats the coolant in the fourth line, in order to increase the charging speed of the power battery. The power battery 10 increases its own temperature by exchanging heat with the heated coolant.
It will be appreciated that the air conditioning system may not only heat but also cool when the ambient temperature is high, and therefore the air conditioning system may further comprise an evaporator 2.1, wherein the evaporator 2.1, the gas-liquid separator 6, the compressor 1, the first electronic expansion valve 4, the condenser 2.2, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 form a cooling circuit through a fifth pipeline. When refrigeration is required, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the cooled object in the evaporator 2.1, is vaporized into low-temperature low-pressure steam, is treated by the gas-liquid separator 6, is sucked by the compressor 1, is compressed into high-pressure high-temperature steam, and is discharged into the condenser 2.2. The heat is released to a cooling medium (water or air) in the condenser 2.2, the cooling medium is condensed into high-pressure liquid, the high-pressure liquid is throttled into low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant through the first electronic expansion valve 4, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant enters the evaporator 2.1 again through the outdoor heat exchanger 3 to absorb heat and evaporate, so that the purpose of circulating refrigeration is achieved.
In practical application, the heating function and the refrigerating function of the air conditioning system cannot be realized at the same time, so as to control the air conditioning system to perform refrigeration or heating, and the air conditioning system further comprises: a heating valve 5.1 and a refrigerating valve 5.2. The heating valve 5.1 is positioned between the heat exchanger 3 and the gas-liquid separator 6, and the refrigerating valve 5.2 is positioned between the heat exchanger 3 and the evaporator 2.1. When heating is needed, the heating valve 5.1 works; when refrigeration is required, the refrigeration valve 5.2 operates.
The foregoing embodiments describe the composition of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in detail, so that specific applications of the thermal management system provided in the present application may be more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, and a control method of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle is also provided in the present application, and the foregoing control method will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 2, which is a flowchart of a control method of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the method may include:
s201: when heating is needed, detecting whether the power battery stores heat or not, wherein the power battery has a heat storage function.
In this embodiment, when it is required to heat the room, particularly when the outdoor ambient temperature is low, it is first detected whether the power battery has available heat storage, so that heat is generated by using the heat storage in the heating process. It can be understood that with the increase of the whole vehicle endurance mileage, the capacity of the battery is gradually increased, and the heat capacity of the battery can be utilized to store heat, so that the battery is convenient to use during heating.
S202: if the power battery has heat storage and utilization, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, absorbs heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and enters the condenser to release the heat into a room through the driving of the compressor.
In this embodiment, when the heat storage of the power battery is available, the refrigerant may absorb heat through the first heating circuit, the second heating circuit and the third heating circuit, and finally be driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release heat into the room.
The first heating loop comprises a gas-liquid separator, a compressor and a condenser; the second heating loop comprises a condenser, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor; the third heating loop comprises a condenser, a cooling system, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor.
In a specific implementation, reference may be made to the refrigerant flow schematic shown in fig. 3. The refrigerant enters the compressor 1 from the gas-liquid separator 6 through the first heating loop, is compressed by the compressor 1 to do work, heats up, and enters the condenser 2 to exchange heat with indoor cold air. The refrigerant is output by the condenser 2.2 and enters the first electronic expansion valve 4, the refrigerant is throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4 and becomes low temperature and low pressure, outdoor heat is absorbed by the heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 6 by the heating valve 5.1 and is driven by the compressor 1 to enter the condenser 2.2 again, and the heat absorbed from the outdoor is released. Meanwhile, the refrigerant is output through the condenser 2.2 and enters the second electronic expansion valve 11, the refrigerant is throttled through the second electronic expansion valve 11 and becomes low temperature and low pressure, the heat released by the power battery 9 is absorbed through the cooler 4 and enters the gas-liquid separator 6, and the refrigerant is processed through the gas-liquid separator 6 and then enters the condenser 2.2 through the compressor 1, so that the heat absorbed by the power battery is released, and heating is realized.
In practical application, when the outdoor environment temperature is low, the refrigerant cannot absorb heat from the outdoor through the heat exchanger, so that in specific implementation, the outdoor environment temperature can be judged to determine whether the refrigerant can absorb heat through the second heating circuit. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
when the power battery is used for heat storage, detecting whether the outdoor temperature is less than a temperature threshold value; the temperature threshold is the lowest temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside; when the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs the heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and enters the condenser through the driving of the compressor to release the heat into the room.
When the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, absorbs heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and enters the condenser through the driving of the compressor to release the heat into a room.
That is, when the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant may absorb heat from the outdoor through the heat exchanger, and at this time, the refrigerant may be heated through the first, second, and third heating circuits, as shown in fig. 3.
When the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat through the first heating loop and the third heating loop to heat. See in particular the refrigerant flow diagram shown in fig. 4. The refrigerant enters the compressor 1 from the gas-liquid separator 6 through the first heating loop, is compressed by the compressor 1 to do work, heats up, enters the condenser 2 and exchanges heat with indoor cold air, and achieves heating. The refrigerant is output by the condenser 2.2 and enters the second electronic expansion valve 11, the refrigerant is throttled by the second electronic expansion valve 11 and becomes low temperature and low pressure, the heat released by the power battery 9 is absorbed by the cooler 4 and enters the gas-liquid separator 6, and the gas-liquid separator 6 is processed and then is driven by the compressor 1 to enter the condenser 2.2 again, so that the heat absorbed by the power battery is released, and heating is realized.
In addition, when no heat storage of the power battery is available, heating can only be performed through the air conditioning system, namely, heating is performed through the first heating loop and/or the second heating loop. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: when the power battery is not used for heat storage, detecting whether the outdoor temperature is less than a temperature threshold value; the temperature threshold is the lowest temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside; when the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into the room; when the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into a room, so that heating is realized.
In practical application, when no heat accumulation can be utilized and the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the heat can be generated only by compressing the refrigerant through the compressor in the first heating loop, and then the refrigerant enters the condenser to release the heat into the room for heating.
When no heat storage is available and the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, heating can be achieved through the first heating circuit and the second heating circuit. In a specific implementation, reference may be made to the refrigerant flow direction shown in fig. 5. The refrigerant enters the compressor 1 from the gas-liquid separator 6 through the first heating loop, is compressed by the compressor 1 to do work, heats up, and enters the condenser 2 to exchange heat with indoor cold air. The refrigerant is output by the condenser 2.2 and enters the first electronic expansion valve 4, the refrigerant is throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4 and becomes low temperature and low pressure, outdoor heat is absorbed by the heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 6 by the heating valve 5.1 and enters the condenser 2.2 by being driven by the compressor 1 again, and the heat absorbed from the outdoor is released to realize heating.
In addition, when the power battery is charged, the power battery can be preheated through the heating circuit. Referring to fig. 1, a heater 9 heats the coolant in the fifth pipeline, and the heated coolant circulates to heat the power battery 10 under the driving of a water pump 8. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: when the power battery is charged, a charging mode and heat storage strength are obtained; the charging modes comprise a fast charging mode and a slow charging mode; the heat storage strength represents the heat storage demand strength of the power battery; the charging mode and the heat storage intensity can be preset; controlling the heater to be turned on or off according to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity; the heater is used for heating the power battery so that the power battery achieves the heat storage strength.
In practical application, a user can preset a charging mode and the heat storage demand intensity of the power battery. When the power battery is charged by the charging pile, the controller can acquire the charging mode and the heat storage intensity of the power battery so as to determine whether the power battery needs to be heated according to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity.
When the method is concretely implemented, after the charging mode and the heat storage intensity of the power battery are obtained, the corresponding target temperature threshold value under the charging mode and the heat storage intensity is obtained; the target temperature threshold value represents the temperature to be reached by the power battery in a charging mode and under the heat storage intensity; the target temperature threshold corresponds to a charging mode and a heat storage intensity; judging whether the temperature of the power battery is less than a target temperature threshold value; if the temperature of the power battery is less than the target temperature threshold, starting a heater; and if the temperature of the power battery is not less than the target temperature threshold, turning off the heater.
Wherein, the heat storage intensity comprises no heat storage, low heat storage, medium heat storage and high heat storage; the target temperature threshold value is proportional to the heat storage intensity, and the higher the heat storage intensity is, the higher the corresponding target temperature threshold value is. When the heat storage intensity is no heat storage, the target temperature threshold corresponding to no heat storage in the fast charge mode is larger than the target temperature threshold corresponding to no heat storage in the slow charge mode. When the heat storage intensity is low heat storage, medium heat storage or high heat storage, the charging mode does not need to be distinguished.
For ease of understanding, see the control flow shown in fig. 6, where 0 represents no thermal storage demand, 1 represents low thermal storage demand, 2 represents medium thermal storage demand, and 3 represents high thermal storage demand. When the power battery is charged, a charging mode and heat storage strength are obtained. Firstly, judging whether the current heat storage intensity is 0, if so, judging whether the current charging mode is a quick charging mode, and if so, acquiring the heat storage intensity corresponding to the power battery. If the heat storage intensity is 0, judging whether the current temperature of the power battery is smaller than a first target temperature threshold value, and if so, starting a heater to heat the power battery. If the current power battery temperature is lower than a second target temperature threshold value, starting a heater to heat the power battery; if not, the heater is turned off.
If the current heat storage intensity is not 0 and is 1, judging whether the temperature of the power battery is smaller than a third target temperature threshold value, and if so, starting a heater to heat the power battery; if not, the heater is turned off. If the heat storage intensity is 2, judging whether the temperature of the power battery is smaller than a fourth target temperature threshold value, and if so, starting a heater to heat the power battery; if not, the heater is turned off. If the heat storage intensity is 3, judging whether the temperature of the power battery is smaller than a fifth target temperature threshold value, and if so, starting a heater to heat the power battery; if not, the heater is turned off.
The first target temperature threshold represents a target temperature that the power battery needs to reach when there is no thermal storage demand in the fast charge mode. The second target temperature threshold represents a target temperature that the power battery needs to reach when there is no thermal storage demand in the slow charge mode. The third target temperature threshold value indicates that the power battery needs to reach the target temperature when the power battery is charged and the heat storage requirement is low; the fourth target temperature threshold value indicates that the power battery needs to reach the target temperature when the power battery is charged and the power battery is in medium heat storage demand; the fifth target temperature threshold represents the target temperature that the power battery needs to reach when the power battery is charged and when the thermal storage demand is high.
In addition, when refrigeration is needed, the refrigerant absorbs indoor heat through the refrigeration loop and releases the heat to the environment through the heat exchanger in the refrigeration loop; the refrigeration loop comprises an evaporator, the gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a condenser and a heat exchanger. In particular, reference is made to the schematic flow diagram of the refrigerant shown in fig. 7. The refrigerant absorbs the heat of the object in the evaporator 2.2, is vaporized into low-temperature low-pressure steam, is treated by the gas-liquid separator 6, is sucked by the compressor 1, is compressed into high-pressure high-temperature steam, and is discharged into the condenser 2.1. The heat is released to a cooling medium (water or air) in the condenser 2.1, the cooling medium is condensed into high-pressure liquid, the high-pressure liquid is throttled into low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant through the first electronic expansion valve 4, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant enters the evaporator 12 again through the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the refrigeration valve 5.2 to absorb heat and evaporate, so that refrigeration is realized.
According to the thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the application, when heating is needed indoors, whether the heat storage of the power battery is available is judged at first, when the heat storage of the power battery is available, whether the current outdoor temperature is smaller than the temperature threshold value is judged, if the outdoor temperature is not smaller than the temperature threshold value, the refrigerant absorbs heat through the first heating loop, the second heating loop and the third heating loop, and the refrigerant is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat indoors. And if the outdoor temperature is smaller than the temperature threshold value, the refrigerant absorbs heat through the first heating loop and the third heating loop, and enters the condenser to release the heat into the room through the driving of the compressor, so that heating is realized. When the power battery is not available for heat storage, judging the relation between the outdoor temperature and the temperature threshold value, and when the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold value, the refrigerant can absorb heat through the first heating loop and the second heating loop, and finally, the refrigerant is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into the room, so that heating is realized; when the outdoor temperature is smaller than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant can not absorb outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, and the refrigerant only absorbs heat generated by acting of the compressor through the first heating loop, and enters the condenser to release the heat into the room through the driving of the compressor, so that heating is realized. Therefore, when the temperature is lower, the heat accumulation of the power battery can be utilized to improve the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant, so that the thermal management system can be supported to work at a lower temperature, a two-stage electric compressor is not needed, and the production cost is reduced.
It should be noted that, in the present description, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different manner from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the system or device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
It should be understood that in this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" for describing the association relationship of the association object, the representation may have three relationships, for example, "a and/or B" may represent: only a, only B and both a and B are present, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b or c may represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.
It is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may be disposed in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (6)

1. A control method of a thermal management system, the control method being applied to the thermal management system,
the control method comprises the following steps:
when heating is needed, detecting whether the power battery stores heat or not; the power battery is a battery with a heat storage function;
if the power battery has heat storage and utilization, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by a compressor through a first heating loop, and enters a heat exchanger in a second heating loop to absorb outdoor heat after passing through a first electronic expansion valve in the first heating loop, and then passes through a second electronic expansion valve in a third heating loop to absorb heat released by the power battery through a cooling system in the third heating loop, and enters a condenser to release the heat into a room after being driven by the compressor;
the first heating loop comprises a gas-liquid separator, a compressor and a condenser; the second heating loop comprises the first electronic expansion valve, a condenser, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor; the third heating loop comprises the second electronic expansion valve, a condenser, a cooling system, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor;
when the power battery is not used for heat storage, detecting whether the outdoor temperature is less than a temperature threshold value; the temperature threshold is the lowest temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside;
when the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into the room;
when the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into the room, so that heating is realized;
when the power battery is used for heat storage, detecting whether the outdoor temperature is less than a temperature threshold value; the temperature threshold is the lowest temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside;
when the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs the heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and is driven into the condenser by the compressor to release the heat into a room;
when the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, absorbs heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into a room;
when the power battery is charged, a charging mode and heat storage strength are obtained; the heat storage strength mark is used for identifying the heat storage demand strength of the power battery;
wherein the heat storage strength comprises no heat storage, low heat storage, medium heat storage and high heat storage; the target temperature threshold is proportional to the heat storage intensity;
the target temperature threshold corresponding to no heat accumulation in the fast charge mode is larger than the target temperature threshold corresponding to no heat accumulation in the slow charge mode.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
when the power battery is charged, a charging mode and heat storage strength are obtained; the charging mode comprises a fast charging mode and a slow charging mode; the heat storage strength represents the heat storage demand strength of the power battery; the charging mode and the heat storage strength can be preset;
controlling to switch on or off a heater according to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity; the heater is used for heating the power battery so that the power battery achieves the heat storage strength.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said controlling the heater on or off in accordance with the charge mode and the heat storage intensity comprises:
acquiring a corresponding target temperature threshold according to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity; the target temperature threshold represents the temperature to be reached by the power battery in the charging mode and the heat storage intensity; the target temperature threshold corresponds to the charging mode and the heat storage intensity;
judging whether the temperature of the power battery is smaller than a target temperature threshold value or not;
if the temperature of the power battery is less than the target temperature threshold, starting the heater;
and if the temperature of the power battery is not less than the target temperature threshold, turning off the heater.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises:
when refrigeration is needed, the refrigerant absorbs indoor heat through the refrigeration loop and releases the heat to the environment through the heat exchanger in the refrigeration loop; the refrigeration loop comprises an evaporator, the gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a condenser and a heat exchanger.
5. A thermal management system, the system comprising: an air conditioning system and a power battery thermal management system;
the air conditioning system includes: the system comprises a first electronic expansion valve, a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a condenser and a heat exchanger; the input end of the compressor is connected with the output end of the gas-liquid separator, and the output end of the compressor is connected with the input end of the condenser; the input end of the first electronic expansion valve is connected with the output end of the condenser; the input end of the heat exchanger is connected with the output end of the first electronic expansion valve, and the output end of the heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid separator;
the power battery thermal management system includes: the second electronic expansion valve, the power battery and the cooling system; the second electronic expansion valve is positioned between the condenser and the cooling system; the power battery is a battery with a heat storage function;
the gas-liquid separator, the compressor and the condenser form a first heating loop through a first pipeline; the first electronic expansion valve, the condenser, the heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separator and the compressor form a second heating loop through a second pipeline; the second electronic expansion valve, the condenser, the cooling system, the gas-liquid separator and the compressor form a third heating loop through a third pipeline;
when the power battery is not used for heat storage, detecting whether the outdoor temperature is less than a temperature threshold value; the temperature threshold is the lowest temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside;
when the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into the room;
when the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into the room, so that heating is realized;
when the power battery is used for heat storage, detecting whether the outdoor temperature is less than a temperature threshold value; the temperature threshold is the lowest temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside;
when the outdoor temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs the heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and is driven into the condenser by the compressor to release the heat into a room;
when the outdoor temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, the refrigerant absorbs heat generated by the compressor through the first heating loop, absorbs outdoor heat through the heat exchanger in the second heating loop, absorbs heat released by the power battery through the cooling system in the third heating loop, and is driven by the compressor to enter the condenser to release the heat into a room;
when the power battery is charged, a charging mode and heat storage strength are obtained; the heat storage strength mark is used for identifying the heat storage demand strength of the power battery;
wherein the heat storage strength comprises no heat storage, low heat storage, medium heat storage and high heat storage; the target temperature threshold is proportional to the heat storage intensity;
the target temperature threshold corresponding to no heat accumulation in the fast charge mode is larger than the target temperature threshold corresponding to no heat accumulation in the slow charge mode.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the power cell thermal management system further comprises: a heater; the heater, the water pump and the power battery form a heating loop of the power battery through a fourth pipeline.
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