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CN111961504B - Device and method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste - Google Patents

Device and method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111961504B
CN111961504B CN202010877642.5A CN202010877642A CN111961504B CN 111961504 B CN111961504 B CN 111961504B CN 202010877642 A CN202010877642 A CN 202010877642A CN 111961504 B CN111961504 B CN 111961504B
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cyclone separator
gasification reactor
gas
reactor
oxygen carrier
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CN111961504A (en
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余昭胜
韦琛
马晓茜
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1853—Steam reforming, i.e. injection of steam only

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste, which comprises a drying chamber, a feeder, a gasification reactor, a first material returning device, an air reactor and a second material returning device, wherein the drying chamber and the gasification reactor are connected through the feeder, an oxygen carrier is arranged in the gasification reactor, the oxygen carrier is loaded with zeolite catalyst, the gasification reactor and the air reactor are connected through the first material returning device, the top of the air reactor is connected with a first cyclone separator, the top of the first cyclone separator is provided with a gas outlet, the bottom of the first cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor through a second material returning device, the top of the gasification reactor is connected with a second cyclone separator, the top of the second cyclone separator is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the bottom of the second cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor. Can realize the reforming and upgrading of the pyrolysis gas and effectively reduce the content of tar in the pyrolysis gas. The invention also relates to a method for preparing combustible gas from the organic solid waste.

Description

Device and method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic solid waste treatment, in particular to a device and a method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste.
Background
With the promotion of town and the improvement of living standard of residents, the yield of urban solid waste in China is rapidly increased. At present, the main treatment modes of organic solid wastes include landfill, composting and heat treatment. The method for treating the tar, which is efficient, clean, convenient and stable to operate and economical, is a problem to be solved in the development of the organic solid waste pyrolysis gasification technology.
The current methods for treating solid waste pyrolysis tar are mainly physical methods and thermochemical methods. Physical methods include wet and dry methods, which mainly physically remove tar from product gas, and cannot utilize the energy of the tar itself, and cause secondary pollution. Thermochemical processes include thermal and catalytic cracking. The thermal cracking has high requirements on the operating temperature, and is difficult to realize in the actual production process.
The prior art discloses a device using iron ore and quicklime as oxygen carriers and carbon carriers, and the device is subjected to gasification reaction with water vapor and biomass fuel at 650-750 ℃ to generate combustible gas with low tar and CO 2 content. However, quick lime has the problems of easy breakage, limited recycling times and the like in the circulating process, and a large amount of fresh limestone needs to be added simultaneously in the actual operation process, so that the operation cost is high. And the removal effect of the quicklime on tar is limited, and heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process of the solid waste can cover the quicklime and the iron ore, so that the gasification efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is as follows: the device for preparing the combustible gas from the organic solid waste is provided with the oxygen carrier loaded with the zeolite catalyst, can realize the reforming and upgrading of the pyrolysis gas, effectively reduces the content of tar in the pyrolysis gas, and solves the problem that the activity of the oxygen carrier is gradually reduced when the oxygen carrier is used.
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the second purpose of the invention is as follows: the method for preparing the combustible gas from the organic solid waste is characterized in that a zeolite catalyst is loaded on an oxygen carrier used for chemical chain gasification, so that the reforming and upgrading of pyrolysis gas can be realized, the tar content in the pyrolysis gas is effectively reduced, the yield and quality of product gas are improved, and the problem that the activity of the oxygen carrier is gradually reduced when the oxygen carrier is used is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a device for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste, which comprises a drying chamber, the feeder, gasification reactor, first back feeder, air reactor and second back feeder, connect through the feeder between drying chamber and the gasification reactor, be equipped with the oxygen carrier in the gasification reactor, the oxygen carrier load has zeolite catalyst, be connected through first back feeder between gasification reactor and the air reactor, the air reactor bottom is equipped with air inlet, the air reactor top is connected with first cyclone, first cyclone top is equipped with the gas outlet, first cyclone bottom is connected with gasification reactor through the second back feeder, gasification reactor bottom is equipped with vapor inlet, gasification reactor top is connected with second cyclone, second cyclone top is equipped with pyrolysis gas outlet, second cyclone bottom is connected with gasification reactor.
Further, the gas outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected with a waste heat boiler, water is stored in the waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is provided with a flue gas outlet.
Further, the bottom of the drying chamber is provided with a smoke inlet, and a smoke outlet is connected with the smoke inlet.
Further, a water vapor outlet is arranged at the top of the drying chamber.
Further, one side of the second cyclone separator is provided with a spray tower, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the lower part of the spray tower, the spray tower is sequentially provided with a slurry outlet, a spray pipe, a demister and a gas discharge outlet from bottom to top, the spray pipe is used for spraying lime slurry, and the demister is used for removing water.
Further, a third cyclone separator is arranged between the second cyclone separator and the spray tower, two ends of the third cyclone separator are respectively connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator and the lower part of the spray tower, and an ash discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the third cyclone separator.
Further, a gas storage tank is connected to the gas outlet of the spray tower.
A method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste, which comprises the following steps,
The organic solid waste particles enter a gasification reactor through a feeder after being dried in a drying chamber;
Introducing steam into the bottom of the gasification reactor to enable organic solid waste particles in the gasification reactor to be in a bubbling fluidization state, and carrying out gasification reaction on the organic solid waste particles, an oxygen carrier in the gasification reactor and the steam to generate primary pyrolysis gas and semicoke, wherein a zeolite catalyst loaded on the oxygen carrier is used for cracking heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process into micromolecular alkene and alkane;
Semicoke and a part of oxygen carriers enter an air reactor through a first material returning device, air is introduced into the bottom of the air reactor, semicoke particles in the air reactor are in a fast fluidization state, semicoke particles are oxidized and combusted to release heat, and a part of oxygen carriers and zeolite catalysts loaded in a part of oxygen carriers are respectively calcined, oxidized and regenerated into regenerated oxygen carriers and regenerated zeolite catalysts;
the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst enter a first cyclone separator, flue gas generated by oxidizing and burning semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator, and the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst return to the gasification reactor through a second material returning device;
The primary pyrolysis gas and the other part of oxygen carrier enter the second cyclone separator through the top of the gasification reactor, the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator, and the other part of oxygen carrier returns to the gasification reactor through the bottom of the second cyclone separator.
Further, after the flue gas generated by the oxidation and combustion of the semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator, the method also comprises the following steps,
And (3) introducing the flue gas into a waste heat boiler, heating water in the waste heat boiler by the flue gas, and introducing the flue gas exhausted by the waste heat boiler into a drying chamber to dry the organic solid waste particles.
Further, after the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from the pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator, the method further comprises the following steps,
And separating the primary pyrolysis gas by a third cyclone separator, introducing the separated primary pyrolysis gas into a spray tower, spraying lime slurry and demisting in the spray tower, and discharging the gas to a gas storage tank for storage.
In general, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The organic solid waste is used as a raw material to prepare high-quality pyrolysis gas fuel, and the waste is recycled, so that the increasing shortage of energy sources and the related environmental problems caused by the utilization of the energy sources can be relieved;
(2) The organic solid waste is gasified by chemical chain circulation, the air separation equipment can be omitted to reduce the system investment by introducing the oxygen carrier, and the oxygen carrier can catalytically convert gasified tar while supplying heat for gasification reaction;
(3) The zeolite is used as a cracking catalyst to be loaded on an oxygen carrier, and heavy tar in the product gas is further cracked into combustible gas by utilizing the selectivity of the cracking catalyst, so that the gas yield and the gas quality are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-zeolite catalyst, 2-gasification reactor, 3-air reactor, 4-spray tower, 5-slurry pump, 6-slurry tank, 7-gas storage tank, 8-drying chamber, 9-1-first material returning device, 9-2-second material returning device, 10-1-first screw feeder, 10-2-second screw feeder, 11-first cyclone separator, 12-second cyclone separator, 13-third cyclone separator, 14-waste heat boiler, 15-demister, 16-spray pipe, A-air, B-steam, C-fly ash, D-ash, E-organic solid waste particles, F-flue gas, G-slurry, H-water.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
As shown in figure 1, a device for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste comprises a drying chamber 8, a feeder, a gasification reactor 2, a first material returning device 9-1, an air reactor 3 and a second material returning device 9-2, wherein the drying chamber 8 and the gasification reactor 2 are connected through the feeder, an oxygen carrier is arranged in the gasification reactor 2, the oxygen carrier is loaded with a zeolite catalyst 1, the gasification reactor 2 and the air reactor 3 are connected through the first material returning device 9-1, an air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air reactor 3, a first cyclone separator 11 is connected at the top of the air reactor 3, a gas outlet is arranged at the top of the first cyclone separator 11, the bottom of the first cyclone separator 11 is connected with the gasification reactor 2 through the second material returning device 9-2, a water vapor inlet is arranged at the bottom of the gasification reactor 2, a second cyclone separator 12 is connected at the top of the gasification reactor 2, a pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged at the top of the second cyclone separator 12, and the bottom of the second cyclone separator 12 is connected with the gasification reactor 2.
Specifically, the crushed organic solid waste particles E enter a drying chamber 8 through a primary screw feeder 10-1, and the drying chamber 8 dries the organic solid waste particles E.
The feeder between the drying chamber 8 and the gasification reactor 2 is a secondary screw feeder 10-2. The dried organic solid waste particles E enter the gasification reactor 2 through the secondary screw feeder 10-2, a water vapor inlet is arranged at the bottom of the gasification reactor 2, and the organic solid waste particles E in the gasification reactor 2 are in a bubbling fluidization state by introducing water vapor B into the water vapor inlet. The gasification reactor 2 is provided with a first heating device, organic solid waste particles E, an oxygen carrier and steam B are subjected to gasification reaction to generate primary pyrolysis gas and semicoke under the condition of 700-800 ℃ by heating of the first heating device, and the related reaction principles are as follows:
C nHmOx →Coke+Tar+Synthesis gas (CO, H 2、CO2、CH4、CnHm); (1)
CO+MyOz→CO2+MyOz-1； (2)
H2+MyOz→H2O+MyOz-1； (3)
CH4+4MyOz→2H2O+CO2+4MyOz-1； (4)
C+2MyOz→CO2+2MyOz-1； (5)
Meanwhile, the zeolite catalyst 1 loaded on the oxygen carrier is used for cracking heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process into micromolecular alkene and alkane, and the related reaction principle is as follows:
Alkane cracking to produce olefins and smaller alkanes: c nH2n+2→CmH2m+CpH2p+2; (6)
Dealkylation of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons: arC nH2n+1→ArH+CnH2n; (7)
Semicoke and a part of oxygen carrier generated in the gasification reactor 2 enter the air reactor 3 through a first material returning device 9-1, and air A is introduced into the bottom of the first material returning device 9-1; the bottom of the air reactor 3 is provided with an air inlet, and semicoke particles in the air reactor 3 are in a rapid fluidization state by introducing air A into the air inlet. The air reactor 3 is provided with a second heating device, semicoke particles are oxidized and combusted to release heat by the heating of the second heating device, a part of oxygen carriers and the zeolite catalyst 1 loaded on the part of oxygen carriers are calcined and oxidized at 900-1000 ℃ to be regenerated into regenerated oxygen carriers and regenerated zeolite catalysts 1, and the related reaction principles are as follows:
2MyOz-1+O2→2MyOz。 (8)
The bottom of the air reactor 3 is provided with a slag discharging port, ash D generated by combustion is discharged through the slag discharging port, then the regenerated oxygen carrier and the zeolite catalyst 1 enter the first cyclone separator 11, high-temperature flue gas F generated by combustion flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator 11, and the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst 1 flow into the second material returning device 9-2 through a solid particle outlet at the bottom of the first cyclone separator 11 and then return to the gasification reactor 2.
The primary pyrolysis gas generated in the gasification reactor 2 and the other part of oxygen carrier enter the second cyclone separator 12 through the top of the gasification reactor 2, the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator 12, and the other part of oxygen carrier returns to the gasification reactor 2 after passing through a solid particle outlet at the bottom of the second cyclone separator 12.
The device provided by the embodiment of the invention combines two processes of chemical chain gasification and catalytic pyrolysis, so that the content of tar in the product gas can be effectively reduced, and the yield and quality of the product gas are improved; the zeolite catalyst 1 is loaded on an oxygen carrier used for chemical chain gasification, the zeolite catalyst 1 is not broken and can be recycled for multiple times, meanwhile, the zeolite catalyst 1 has a very large specific area, the unique pore channel structure and the internal acid catalytic site can enable macromolecules in pyrolysis gas to be cracked more easily, the problem that the activity of the oxygen carrier is gradually reduced due to the fact that heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process of organic solid waste particles E is covered on quicklime and iron ore in the prior art is solved, and accordingly pyrolysis gas reforming and upgrading are achieved, and the tar content in pyrolysis gas is effectively reduced.
In this example, the gasification reactor 2 is a bubbling fluidized bed and the air reactor 3 is a fast fluidized bed.
The gas outlet of the first cyclone separator 11 is connected with a waste heat boiler 14, water H is stored in the waste heat boiler 14, and the waste heat boiler 14 is provided with a flue gas outlet.
The heat exchanger is arranged in the waste heat boiler 14, heat exchange is carried out on the high-temperature flue gas F flowing in from the first cyclone separator 11 through the heat exchanger, water H stored in the waste heat boiler 14 is heated into water vapor B, and the flue gas F after heat exchange is discharged from a flue gas outlet. The bottom of the waste heat boiler 14 is provided with a fly ash collector for collecting fly ash C in the flue gas F.
A flue gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the drying chamber 8, the flue gas outlet is connected with the flue gas inlet.
The flue gas F is guided into the drying chamber 8 to dry the organic solid waste, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas F can be fully utilized, and the energy loss is reduced. The waste heat boiler 14 and the drying chamber 8 are arranged to utilize the waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas F generated by the gasification reactor 2 and generate the needed gasifying agent, so that the cascade utilization of energy is realized.
The top of the drying chamber 8 is provided with a water vapor outlet.
The second cyclone separator 12 is equipped with spray column 4 on one side, and second cyclone separator 12 pyrolysis gas outlet connection is in spray column 4 lower part, and spray column 4 is equipped with thick liquid export, shower 16, defroster 15 and gas discharge port from bottom to top in proper order, and shower 16 is used for spraying lime thick liquid, and defroster 15 is used for getting rid of moisture.
Specifically, one side of the spray tower 4 is provided with a slurry pump 5 and a slurry tank 6, and lime slurry is arranged in the slurry tank 6. Lime slurry is delivered by slurry pump 5 into shower pipe 16. The lime slurry is sprayed through a spray pipe 16 to remove CO 2 from the primary pyrolysis gas, and then the moisture is removed through a mist eliminator 15 to obtain cleaner gas. The slurry G having absorbed CO 2 is discharged through a slurry outlet at the bottom of the spray tower 4.
A third cyclone separator 13 is arranged between the second cyclone separator 12 and the spray tower 4, two ends of the third cyclone separator 13 are respectively connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator 12 and the lower part of the spray tower 4, and an ash discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the third cyclone separator 13.
By the separation of the third cyclone 13, the fly ash C contained in the primary pyrolysis gas can be removed in advance before the primary pyrolysis gas enters the spray tower 4, and the lime slurry spray amount of the spray tower 4 can be reduced.
The gas outlet of the spray tower 4 is connected with a gas storage tank 7. The gas storage tank 7 is used for storing the gas processed by the spray tower 4.
A method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste, which comprises the following steps,
The organic solid waste particles E enter the gasification reactor 2 through a feeder after being dried in a drying chamber 8;
Introducing water vapor B into the bottom of the gasification reactor 2, so that organic solid waste particles E in the gasification reactor 2 are in a bubbling fluidization state, and carrying out gasification reaction on the organic solid waste particles E, an oxygen carrier in the gasification reactor 2 and the water vapor B to generate primary pyrolysis gas and semicoke, wherein the zeolite catalyst 1 loaded on the oxygen carrier cracks heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process into micromolecular olefins and alkanes;
Semicoke and a part of oxygen carrier enter the air reactor 3 through the first material returning device 9-1, and air A is introduced into the bottom of the first material returning device 9-1; introducing air A into the bottom of the air reactor 3 to enable semicoke particles in the air reactor 3 to be in a rapid fluidization state, oxidizing and burning the semicoke particles to release heat, and calcining, oxidizing and regenerating a part of oxygen carrier and a part of zeolite catalyst 1 loaded in the oxygen carrier into a regenerated oxygen carrier and a regenerated zeolite catalyst 1 respectively;
The regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst 1 enter a first cyclone separator 11, high-temperature flue gas F generated by the oxidation and combustion of semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator 11, and the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst 1 return to the gasification reactor 2 through a second material returning device 9-2;
The primary pyrolysis gas and the other part of oxygen carrier enter the second cyclone separator 12 through the top of the gasification reactor 2, the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator 12, and the other part of oxygen carrier returns to the gasification reactor 2 through the bottom of the second cyclone separator 12.
The method combines two processes of chemical chain gasification and catalytic pyrolysis, can effectively reduce the content of tar in the product gas, and improves the yield and quality of the product gas; the zeolite catalyst 1 is loaded on an oxygen carrier used for chemical chain gasification, the zeolite catalyst 1 is not broken and can be recycled for multiple times, and meanwhile, the zeolite catalyst 1 has a unique pore channel structure and an internal acid catalytic site, so that macromolecules in pyrolysis gas are easier to crack, thereby realizing reforming and upgrading of the pyrolysis gas, effectively reducing the tar content in the pyrolysis gas and solving the problem of gradually reducing the activity of the oxygen carrier during use.
After the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from the pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone 12, the method further comprises the following steps,
The primary pyrolysis gas is separated by a third cyclone separator 13 and then is introduced into the spray tower 4, lime slurry and defogging are sprayed in the spray tower 4, and then the gas is discharged to the gas storage tank 7 for storage.
By this step, by the separation of the third cyclone 13, the fly ash C contained in the primary pyrolysis gas can be removed in advance before the primary pyrolysis gas enters the spray tower 4, and the lime slurry spray amount of the spray tower 4 can be reduced.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device for preparing the combustible gas from the organic solid waste is adopted for preparation;
The device for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste comprises a drying chamber, a feeder, a gasification reactor, a first material returning device, an air reactor and a second material returning device, wherein the drying chamber and the gasification reactor are connected through the feeder, an oxygen carrier is arranged in the gasification reactor, the oxygen carrier is loaded with zeolite catalyst, the gasification reactor and the air reactor are connected through the first material returning device, an air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air reactor, the top of the air reactor is connected with a first cyclone separator, the top of the first cyclone separator is provided with a gas outlet, the bottom of the first cyclone separator is connected with a gasification reactor through a second material returning device, the bottom of the gasification reactor is provided with a water vapor inlet, the top of the gasification reactor is connected with a second cyclone separator, the top of the second cyclone separator is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the bottom of the second cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor;
the gas outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected with a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler stores water, and the waste heat boiler is provided with a flue gas outlet;
The bottom of the drying chamber is provided with a smoke inlet, and a smoke outlet is connected with the smoke inlet;
The top of the drying chamber is provided with a steam outlet;
A spray tower is arranged at one side of the second cyclone separator, the spray tower is sequentially provided with a slurry outlet, a spray pipe, a demister and a gas discharge outlet from bottom to top, the spray pipe is used for spraying lime slurry, and the demister is used for removing water;
A third cyclone separator is arranged between the second cyclone separator and the spray tower, two ends of the third cyclone separator are respectively connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator and the lower part of the spray tower, and the bottom of the third cyclone separator is provided with an ash discharge port;
the gas outlet of the spray tower is connected with a gas storage tank;
Comprises the steps of,
The organic solid waste particles enter a gasification reactor through a feeder after being dried in a drying chamber;
Introducing steam into the bottom of the gasification reactor to enable organic solid waste particles in the gasification reactor to be in a bubbling fluidization state, and carrying out gasification reaction on the organic solid waste particles, an oxygen carrier in the gasification reactor and the steam to generate primary pyrolysis gas and semicoke, wherein a zeolite catalyst loaded on the oxygen carrier is used for cracking heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process into micromolecular alkene and alkane;
Semicoke and a part of oxygen carriers enter an air reactor through a first material returning device, air is introduced into the bottom of the air reactor, semicoke particles in the air reactor are in a fast fluidization state, semicoke particles are oxidized and combusted to release heat, and a part of oxygen carriers and zeolite catalysts loaded in a part of oxygen carriers are respectively calcined, oxidized and regenerated into regenerated oxygen carriers and regenerated zeolite catalysts;
The regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst enter a first cyclone separator, and after the flue gas generated by oxidizing and burning the semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator, the flue gas is introduced into a waste heat boiler, the flue gas heats water in the waste heat boiler, the flue gas discharged from the waste heat boiler is introduced into a drying chamber to dry the organic solid waste particles, and the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst are returned to the gasification reactor through a second material returning device;
the primary pyrolysis gas and the other part of oxygen carrier enter the second cyclone separator through the top of the gasification reactor, after flowing out from a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator, the primary pyrolysis gas is separated through the third cyclone separator and then is introduced into a spray tower, lime slurry and demisting are sprayed in the spray tower, then the gas is discharged to a gas storage tank for storage, and the other part of oxygen carrier returns to the gasification reactor through the bottom of the second cyclone separator.
CN202010877642.5A 2020-08-27 2020-08-27 Device and method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste Active CN111961504B (en)

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