CN111925097B - Fully automatic solid-liquid separation system for sludge treatment - Google Patents
Fully automatic solid-liquid separation system for sludge treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111925097B CN111925097B CN202010890852.8A CN202010890852A CN111925097B CN 111925097 B CN111925097 B CN 111925097B CN 202010890852 A CN202010890852 A CN 202010890852A CN 111925097 B CN111925097 B CN 111925097B
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 111
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于污泥处理的全自动固液分离系统，包括物料预处理系统和布泥压滤装置；其中，物料预处理系统，包括：一污泥搅拌仓，其用于容纳和搅拌待布物料；一个或一个以上调理罐，与污泥搅拌仓连通，其上安装有自动调理剂加料装置；布泥压滤装置包括：一个或一个以上布泥机，其入口与对应的调理罐连通，一压滤机，设置于布泥机的布料出口旁，其包括一套或一套以上的压滤装置，压滤装置的数量与布泥机的数量相同，且一一对应的设置在布泥机的布料侧，每套压滤装置包括压滤组件、升降机构和压力机。实现了压滤系统的固液分离出泥速度快、脱水率高、对滤布要求低、占地面积小的效果。
The present invention discloses a fully automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment, including a material pretreatment system and a mud spreading filter press device; wherein the material pretreatment system includes: a sludge stirring bin, which is used to contain and stir the material to be spread; one or more conditioning tanks, which are connected to the sludge stirring bin and are equipped with an automatic conditioning agent feeding device; the mud spreading filter press device includes: one or more mud spreading machines, whose inlets are connected to the corresponding conditioning tanks, a filter press, which is arranged beside the material spreading outlet of the mud spreading machine, and includes one or more filter press devices, the number of filter press devices is the same as the number of mud spreading machines, and they are arranged one by one on the material spreading side of the mud spreading machine, and each filter press device includes a filter press assembly, a lifting mechanism and a press. The filter press system achieves the effects of fast solid-liquid separation and mud removal speed, high dehydration rate, low filter cloth requirements and small footprint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, and particularly relates to a full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment.
Background
The filter press has the main function of separating sludge or water quality through mechanical kinetic energy, and has wide application range, and common solid-liquid separation equipment in the prior art comprises a spiral shell stacking machine, a cloth belt type filter press, a spiral solid-liquid separator and a plate-and-frame filter press. The spiral shell sludge dewatering machine has the defect that the equipment realizes continuous work, and the sludge water content of sludge is generally about 80%. The cloth belt type filter press has the defects of high sludge water content, high energy consumption and difficult maintenance. The solid water content after extrusion by the spiral extrusion type solid-liquid separator is about 65-70%. The plate-and-frame filter press has the defects of small treatment capacity and troublesome filter cloth replacement.
In summary, the technological principles of the filter pressing devices are different due to different structural forms, but from the aspects of dehydration effect and automation degree, no device can operate fully automatically and ensure that the dehydration rate is below 38%. Meanwhile, the existing filter pressing system is relatively low in automation degree, high in labor cost, large in occupied area, low in mud cake discharging speed and high in requirement on filter cloth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment, so as to realize the effects of high solid-liquid separation speed, high dehydration rate, low requirement on filter cloth and small occupied area of a filter pressing system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment comprises a material pretreatment system and a sludge distribution pressure filtration device, wherein,
A material pretreatment system comprising:
The sludge stirring bin is used for accommodating and stirring materials to be distributed;
One or more conditioning tanks communicated with the sludge stirring bin and used for receiving materials to be distributed pumped from the sludge stirring bin, and an automatic conditioner feeding device is arranged on the conditioning tanks;
The cloth mud pressure filter device includes:
the quantity of the one or more mud distributing machines is the same as that of the conditioning tanks, and the inlets of the one or more mud distributing machines are communicated with the corresponding conditioning tanks and are used for receiving conditioned materials to be distributed;
the filter press is arranged beside a material distribution outlet of the material distribution machine, and comprises one set or more than one set of filter pressing devices, the number of the filter pressing devices is the same as that of the material distribution machine, the filter pressing devices are arranged on the material distribution side of the material distribution machine in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each set of filter pressing device comprises a filter pressing assembly, a lifting mechanism and a press machine:
A filter pressing assembly, which comprises a plurality of filter pressing plates arranged in parallel from top to bottom, wherein the upper surface of each filter pressing plate is used for distributing materials,
The lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the filter pressing assembly and is used for driving each filter pressing plate to switch between two states of mutual separation and close contact, wherein when the adjacent filter pressing plates are in the state of mutual separation, the mud distributing machine distributes materials to each filter pressing plate;
and the press machine is vertically arranged at the top of the press filtration assembly and is used for pressing down the press filtration plate at the top after finishing mud distribution so as to finish press filtration of the distributed materials and form mud cakes.
Further, the full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment still includes mud cake collecting system, and its mud cake that is used for collecting the material filter-pressing and forms after accomplishing, and quantity is the same with filter-pressing device, and a mud cake collecting system includes:
The belt conveyor is arranged at one side of the filter pressing device outputting the mud cake and used for conveying the mud cake;
And the mud cake collecting hopper is connected with the belt conveyor and is used for receiving mud cakes.
Further, the full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment also comprises a sewage treatment system, and the sewage treatment system comprises:
the water collecting pit is communicated with the sewage discharge part of each filter pressing device and is used for collecting sewage generated in the filter pressing process;
and the sewage treatment station is communicated with the outlet of the water collection pit and is used for purifying sewage.
Further, the full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment further comprises an air suction and biological deodorization device, and the air suction and biological deodorization device comprises:
the absorption tower comprises an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet and is used for absorbing exhaust gas generated in the process of a conditioning tank, a mud distributor, a filter press, a mud cake collecting system and/or a sewage treatment system;
and the biological deodorization device is communicated with the waste gas outlet of the absorption tower and is used for deodorizing waste gas and discharging the waste gas into the atmosphere after reaching the standard.
Further, the mud distributor includes:
the mud distribution main pipe is vertically arranged and is used for conveying materials to be distributed;
The mud distribution branch pipes are arranged in a horizontal array from top to bottom, the outlet end of each mud distribution branch pipe is provided with a mud distribution nozzle for distributing materials, and the inlet end of each mud distribution branch pipe is communicated with a mud distribution main pipe;
the movable supporting mechanism is used for providing a platform for reciprocating the mud distribution main pipe and the plurality of mud distribution branch pipes in the horizontal direction;
The movable supporting mechanism is used for horizontally moving forward to place a plurality of mud distribution nozzles on the movable supporting mechanism in the gap for distribution when gaps are formed between the adjacent filter pressing plates, and horizontally moving backward to withdraw from the gap after the distribution is finished.
Further, the movable supporting mechanism includes:
the support frame is arranged on the mud distribution main pipe or any one of the mud distribution branch pipes, and the support frame is provided with a sliding block;
The support is provided with a track matched with the sliding block and used for realizing horizontal reciprocating movement of the support frame on the support;
And the end part of the telescopic rod of the mud distribution oil cylinder is connected to the support frame and is used for realizing the movement of the sliding block on the track through the telescopic action of the telescopic rod, thereby realizing the horizontal reciprocating movement of the mud distribution branch pipe.
Further, the filter pressing plate comprises:
the water permeable plate is of a flat plate structure provided with a plurality of water permeable holes;
The bottom sealing plate is arranged below the water permeable plate at intervals, a closed water containing space is formed between the bottom sealing plate and the water permeable plate, and a water outlet is formed in the side part of the bottom sealing plate;
The filter cloth is horizontally and annularly arranged on the water permeable plate and the bottom sealing plate, the upper surface of the filter cloth is used for placing materials to be distributed, and the filter cloth is also used for rotating around the water permeable plate and the bottom sealing plate and then outputting the materials to be distributed after filter pressing outwards;
and the rubber sealing strip is arranged at the bottom of the bottom sealing plate.
Further, the elevating mechanism includes:
The hanging plates are connected and arranged between the adjacent filter pressing plates, and are used for keeping the distance between the filter pressing plates within a certain interval range in a separated state;
the bottom of the cylinder body of the jacking oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate and is used for realizing the distance adjustment between the filter pressing plates through the telescopic action of the telescopic rod.
Further, the press includes:
a press upper platen;
a main press cylinder, the cylinder body of which is fixedly connected to the upper platform of the press;
the pressing table of the pressing machine is connected to the end part of the telescopic rod of the main pressing machine oil cylinder;
four filter pressing board guide posts are vertically arranged between the upper platform and the bottom plate of the press and are positioned around the main press oil cylinder.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a working method of a full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment is adopted, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, preprocessing a material to be distributed by a material preprocessing system, and conveying the preprocessed material to be distributed to a mud distributing machine;
S2, circulating and alternately working the mud distributing machine and the filter press, wherein one working cycle is that each filter pressing plate of the filter press is separated under the ascending action of a lifting mechanism and forms a uniform gap under the limiting action of a hanging plate, the mud distributing machine moves forwards under the action of a movable supporting mechanism to enable a mud distributing nozzle to enter the gap and distribute materials;
S3, conveying mud cakes generated after each press filtration to a mud cake collecting system;
the sewage generated in the filter pressing process is sent to a sewage treatment system;
waste gas generated in the pretreatment, mud distribution machine, filter press, mud cake collecting system and/or sewage treatment system is sent to the air suction and biological deodorization device.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention provides a novel solid-liquid separation system structure, wherein a roller arranged on each layer of filter plate rotates to drive filter cloth to rotate and be used for discharging mud, so that each layer can discharge mud simultaneously, and the overall mud discharging efficiency is high;
2. The press machine is a four-column press machine, and the material between filter cloth is forcedly dehydrated, and the maximum tonnage of the press machine can reach 320t, so the maximum dehydration rate can reach about 38 percent.
3. The filter cloth in the invention is a closed annular structure arranged around each filter pressing plate, and the length of each filter pressing plate is usually 1-2 m, so that the requirements on the pressure bearing capacity and softness of the filter cloth are reduced, and only the requirement on the water permeability is met.
4. The filter cloth of the filter press is longitudinally overlapped, the mud distribution and the filter pressing can be completed at the same station, and compared with a multi-station press, the floor space is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fully automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of a fully automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a sludge distributor of the fully automatic solid-liquid separation system for sludge treatment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sludge distributor and the filter press of the full-automatic solid-liquid separation system for sludge treatment in the sludge distributing state;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sludge distributor and the filter press of the full-automatic solid-liquid separation system for sludge treatment in the filter pressing state;
FIG. 10 is a front view of a filter press plate of the fully automatic solid-liquid separation system for sludge treatment according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of FIG. 10;
fig. 12 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of fig. 10.
The device comprises a press machine 1, a sludge stirring bin 3, a conditioning tank 4, a water collecting pit 5, a sludge distributor 6, an automatic conditioner feeding device 7, a filter press 8, a sewage treatment station 9, an air suction and biological deodorization device 10, an absorption tower 11, a press upper platform 12, a main pressure machine oil cylinder 13, a press pressing platform 14, a filter pressing plate guide pillar 15, a filter pressing plate 16, a filter cloth cleaning nozzle 17, a bottom plate 18, a jacking oil cylinder 19, a sliding block 20, a sludge distributing oil cylinder 21, a bracket 22, a sludge distributing nozzle 23, a hanging plate 24, a mud limiting plate 25, a track 31, a bottom sealing plate 32, a rubber sealing strip 33, a compression spring 34, a water permeable plate 35, a reset plate 36, a mud scraping plate 37, a water outlet 38, a guide sleeve 39, a groove 40, a drainage groove 41, a sludge distributing main pipe 42, a sludge distributing branch pipe 43 and a supporting frame.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
1. The invention provides a full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment, which comprises a material pretreatment system, a sludge distributor 5, a filter press 7, a sludge cake collection system, a sewage treatment system and/or an air suction and biological deodorization device 9 as shown in figures 1-3.
1. The material pretreatment system comprises a sludge stirring bin 2 and a conditioning tank 3, and also comprises an automatic conditioner feeding device 6. The sludge stirring bin 2 is used for receiving materials to be treated, the materials to be treated can be transported to the sludge stirring bin 2 by a solid-liquid transport vehicle, and plants can be built in sites where various types of sludge are required to be treated directly and transported to the sludge stirring bin 2 by a screw machine. The material to be treated is usually in the form of a solid-liquid mixture, and can be used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on sludge of a sewage treatment plant, sludge of a grain processing plant, sludge of a brewery, sludge of a dairy product plant and separated kitchen waste.
The materials stirred by the sludge stirring bin 2 are conveyed to the conditioning tank 3 by a sludge pump, and the conditioning tank 3 can be arranged in one, two or more according to the capacity requirement. Each conditioning tank 3 further comprises an automatic conditioner feeding device 6, and a flocculant is pumped into the conditioning tank 3 through the automatic conditioner feeding device 6.
Pouring the solid-liquid mixture into a sludge stirring bin 2, wherein two stirring machines are arranged in the sludge stirring bin 2 and used for stirring the solid-liquid mixture, so that the solid-liquid mixture is fully stirred and is not coagulated, precipitated and agglomerated. And then pumping the stirred viscous solid-liquid mixture into a conditioning tank 3 by a sludge pump on the sludge stirring bin 2, wherein the conditioning tank 3 is also provided with a stirrer, and simultaneously pumping a flocculant into the conditioning tank 3 by a flocculant metering pump on the automatic conditioner feeding device 6. The solid-liquid mixture and the flocculant are mixed according to the conventional proportion, and the dosage proportion is controlled by a metering pump according to a program. Conditioning for about 30 minutes.
2. As shown in fig. 5-7, the number of the mud distributing machines 5 is the same as that of the conditioning tanks 3, and the inlets of the single mud distributing machines 5 are communicated with the corresponding conditioning tanks 3 and are used for receiving conditioned materials to be distributed.
The single mud distributor 5 includes a mud distribution main 41, a plurality of mud distribution branch pipes 42, and a movable support mechanism. The specific structure is described as follows:
2.1, a main sludge distributing pipe 41 can be vertically arranged as an inlet for conveying materials to be distributed, is communicated with an outlet of the conditioning tank 3, and a plurality of branch sludge distributing pipes 42 are sequentially arranged side by side from top to bottom, each branch sludge distributing pipe 42 comprises an outlet end and an inlet end, each outlet end is provided with a sludge distributing nozzle 22 for distributing materials, and each inlet end is communicated with the main sludge distributing pipe 41. Wherein, a mud limiting plate 24 for limiting the thickness of the mud and a filter cloth cleaning nozzle 16 for cleaning the mud nozzle 22 are arranged beside the outlet of each mud nozzle 22. The sludge distributing branch pipe 42 is used for horizontally advancing to place the sludge distributing nozzles 22 on the adjacent filter press plates 15 in the gap for distributing when the gap is generated between the adjacent filter press plates 15, and horizontally retreating to withdraw the gap after the distribution is finished.
2.2, A movable supporting mechanism is used for providing a platform for reciprocating the mud distribution main pipe 41 and the plurality of mud distribution branch pipes 42 in the horizontal direction. Specifically comprising a support 43, a bracket 45 and a mud distribution cylinder 20. The support frame 43 is connected with the main sludge distribution pipe 41 or any branch sludge distribution pipe 42, and is used for combining the main sludge distribution pipe 41 and a plurality of branch sludge distribution pipes 42 into a whole structure, and the support frame 43 is provided with a slide block 19. The support 45 is a fixed-position support structure, the track 25 matched with the slide block 19 is arranged on the support structure, the slide block 19 can horizontally reciprocate along the track 25, the movement of the slide block 19 can be transmitted to the mud distribution main pipe 41 and the plurality of mud distribution branch pipes 42 through the support frame 43, and then the horizontal reciprocation of the mud distribution nozzle 22 is finally realized. The end of the telescopic rod of the mud distributing cylinder 20 is connected to the supporting frame 43, so as to realize the movement of the sliding block 19 on the track 25 through the telescopic action of the telescopic rod, thereby realizing the horizontal reciprocating movement of the mud distributing branch pipe 42. Provides a foundation for realizing intermittent mud distribution in the follow-up process.
2.3, The support frame 43 and the support frame 45 are formed by welding profile steel, the mud distribution main pipe 41 and each mud distribution branch pipe 42 are supported by the support frame 43, the support frame 45 is provided with a track 25, and the position of the track 25 is fixed. The mud distributing oil cylinder 20 extends forwards, the mud distributing main pipe 41 drives each mud distributing branch pipe 42 and the sliding block 19 to slide forwards on the track 25, the mud distributing nozzle 22 enters between adjacent filter pressing plates 15, the electric valves of the mud distributing oil cylinder 20 and the uppermost three layers of mud distributing branch pipes 42 are opened, materials to be distributed are sprayed on the filter cloth of the filter pressing plates 15 of the upper three layers in a solid-liquid mixture mode, a driving motor of the filter cloth of the filter pressing plates 15 rotates leftwards, the filter cloth moves forwards with the solid-liquid mixture, and the solid-liquid mixture is uniformly distributed on the filter cloth between the layers of the filter pressing plates 15 through the mud limiting plates 24 in front of the mud distributing nozzle 22. Next, by analogy, every three layers are arranged at intervals from top to bottom until the mud distribution is finished after the solid-liquid mixture is uniformly distributed on the filter cloth of all the filter press plates, the rods of the mud distribution cylinder 20 are retracted, the whole mud distribution bracket is retracted, each mud distribution nozzle 22 also exits from the layers of each filter press plate 15, and the work is stopped after the backward travel of the mud distribution cylinder 20 is completed.
The number of the sludge distribution branch pipes 42 is determined according to the number of the filter pressing plates 15, and the number of the filter pressing plates 15 is reduced by one, namely the number of the sludge distribution branch pipes 42, and the working principles of the sludge distribution branch pipes 42 are the same.
3. As shown in fig. 8-9, the filter press 7 is disposed beside the cloth outlet of the mud distributor 5, and comprises one or more sets of filter pressing devices, the number of which is the same as that of the mud distributors 5, and is disposed on the cloth side of the mud distributors 5 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each set of filter pressing devices comprises a filter pressing assembly, a lifting mechanism and a press 1.
The filter pressing assembly comprises a plurality of filter pressing plates 15 which are sequentially arranged side by side from top to bottom, and the upper surface of each filter pressing plate 15 is used for distributing materials. The lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the filter pressing assembly and is used for driving each filter pressing plate 15 to switch between two states of mutual separation and close contact, wherein when the adjacent filter pressing plates 15 are in the state of mutual separation, the mud distributing machine 5 distributes materials to each layer of filter pressing plates 15. The press 1 is vertically arranged at the top of the press filtration assembly and is used for pressing down the press filtration plate 15 at the top after finishing the mud distribution, so that downward pressure is generated on the press filtration assembly to finish press filtration of the distributed materials.
The filter press 7 may have the following specific structure, but is not limited to the following structure:
And 3.1, the materials filter-pressed by the filter press component can be sewage treatment plant sludge, grain processing plant sludge, brewery sludge, dairy sludge and separated kitchen waste.
As shown in fig. 10 to 12, the filter pressing plate 15 comprises a water permeable plate 34 which is a flat plate structure provided with a plurality of water permeable holes; the filter cloth is arranged horizontally and annularly on the water permeable plate 34 and the bottom sealing plate 31, the upper surface of the filter cloth is used for placing materials to be distributed, the filter cloth is also used for rotating around the water permeable plate 34 and the bottom sealing plate 31 and then outputting the materials to be distributed after filter pressing outwards, namely the filter cloth is used for distributing mud and discharging mud. Two rollers can be arranged at two ends of the inside of each layer of filter cloth, one is an unpowered roller, the other is an electric roller, the filter cloth is directly driven to rotate by driving the electric roller, and the mud discharging speed is high. A rubber seal 32 is provided at the bottom of the bottom sealing plate 31.
Wherein, around the outside week of bottom shrouding 31 being equipped with the recess, vertically be provided with a plurality of hold-down springs 33 in the recess, the one end fixed mounting of every hold-down spring 33 is in bottom closure plate 31 department, the other end is connected with reset plate 35. When the filter press plates 15 are pressed and tightly attached, the reset plate 35 of the lower filter press plate 15 generates upward pressure on the upper filter press plate 15 under the action of the pressing spring 33, so that the contact pressure between the adjacent filter press plates 15 is enhanced.
A large amount of liquid is generated around the filter press plate 15 during the press filtration process, and the liquid enters the water containing space through the water permeable plate 34 and is discharged from the water outlet 37.
The filter press plate 15 may further comprise one or two scraper plates 36, typically the scraper plates 36 are connected to the side walls of the bottom sealing plate 31, on the feed side and the discharge side of the filter press plate 15, respectively. The scraper 36 is used for scraping mud to separate the mud cake from the filter cloth.
At least two or more press plates 15 are required to be simultaneously operated to perform the press filtration operation. When the upper surface of each filter press plate 15 is coated with materials, the cylinder 12 of the main press machine descends, and when each upper filter press plate 15 is pressed downwards, in the two adjacent filter press plates 15, the rubber sealing strips 32 at the bottom of the upper filter press plate 15 are pressed downwards together with the filter cloth, the materials to be coated in a solid-liquid mixed state and the filter cloth of the lower filter press plate 15, the rubber sealing strips 32 of the upper filter press plate 15 drive the double-layer filter cloth to be contacted with the reset plate 35 in the groove 39 of the lower filter press plate 15, the upward reaction force is generated by continuously pressing the compression spring 33 to push the upper filter cloth and the rubber sealing strips 32, and the continuous pressing is increasingly tight and plays a role in sealing. But only the mud and not the water, and even if some water leaks, the water leaks into the groove 39, and the bottom of the groove 39 is provided with a drain groove 40.
The material to be covered on the filter cloth is covered in a space with the periphery being relatively sealed and can not overflow, the main press cylinder 12 continues to press downwards, the material to be covered is extruded by the upper laminated filter plate 15 and the lower laminated filter plate 15 in the process, the waste water is extruded, the waste water moves downwards under the action of gravity and flows into a closed water containing space between the bottom sealing plate 31 and the water permeable plate 34 through the small holes of the water permeable plate 34, and the water containing space is converged in the water draining groove 40 until the waste water flows out from the water outlet 37.
And 3.2, a lifting mechanism is connected to the filter pressing assembly, and the lifting action of the lifting mechanism is used for respectively realizing two functions of driving each filter pressing plate 15 to ascend and generating uniform gaps between adjacent filter pressing plates 15, and driving each filter pressing plate 15 to descend and enabling each filter pressing plate 15 to be in close contact.
There are a variety of structures for implementing the lifting function, the invention provides a concrete structure as follows:
The invention uses a plurality of hanging plates 23, each hanging plate 23 is crescent or semicircular, and the hanging plate 23 is a common part. A plurality of hanging plates 23 are connected and arranged between the adjacent filter pressing plates 15, so that the distance between the filter pressing plates 15 is kept within a certain interval range in a separated state. The hanging plates 23 are connected and arranged between the adjacent filter pressing plates 15, when the filter pressing plates 15 need to be separated, a certain distance can be kept between every two filter pressing plates 15 due to the length limitation of the hanging plates 23, and the arrangement of the hanging plates 23 does not influence the contact and separation actions of the filter pressing plates 15, but is only used for limiting that the filter pressing plates 15 cannot be separated at will when being separated.
And a lifting oil cylinder 18 is also arranged, and the telescopic rod of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with one filter pressing plate 15 at the topmost layer. When the telescopic rod of the jack cylinder 18 is extended and contracted, the respective filter press plates 15 are driven to be lifted and lowered. Meanwhile, the filter press plates 15 are uniformly spaced apart while ascending and closely contact while descending. When the respective filter press plates 15 are at the time of producing uniform intervals, the upper surfaces of the respective filter press plates 15 can be distributed. The jacking cylinder 18 is used for realizing the distance adjustment between the filter pressing plates 15 through the telescopic action of the telescopic rod.
The main press cylinder 12 rises to drive the press pressing table 13 to rise, the jacking cylinder 18 rises to drive the uppermost filter pressing plate 15 to move upwards, the hanging plates 23 on two sides of the filter pressing plate 15 also move upwards to drive the suction and lamination filter plates to drive the next layer of semicircular hanging plates to move upwards, all the filter pressing plates 15 are opened at one time, and the jacking cylinder 18 also has all the travel and pressure maintaining.
3.3, Press 1, vertical setting is in the top of filter-pressing subassembly is used for a plurality of under the filter-pressing board 15 close contact state, to filter-pressing subassembly produces decurrent pressure, in order to accomplish the filter-pressing to the material of cloth. The materials are solid-liquid mixture.
Specifically, the press 1 comprises a press upper platform 11, the position of which is kept fixed, and a main press oil cylinder 12 which comprises a cylinder body and a telescopic rod is arranged, wherein the cylinder body is fixedly connected to the press upper platform 11, and the end part of the telescopic rod is connected with a press pressing table 13. The press 1 further comprises four press-filter plate guide posts 14, wherein the four press-filter plate guide posts 14 are vertically arranged around the main press cylinder 12 and are positioned between the press upper platform 11 and the bottom plate 17. The press plate 15 may further include four guide sleeves 38, where each guide sleeve 38 has an annular structure, and is disposed on two sides of the bottom sealing plate 31, and is used for being correspondingly sleeved on each guide post 14 of the press plate.
In summary, the conditioning tanks 3 may be provided as one, two or more, and the corresponding mud distributing machines 5 may be provided as one, two or more, depending on the capacity requirements. As shown in fig. 4, when the number of the conditioning tanks 3 is two, two mud distribution machines 5 are also provided, one filter press 7 is provided, and two sets of filter pressing devices inside the filter press 7 are correspondingly provided, each set of filter pressing devices comprises one press 1 and one filter pressing assembly, namely, two presses 1 and two filter pressing assemblies in total, and then two mud distribution machines 5 are correspondingly provided beside the two filter pressing assemblies and distribute mud to the two filter pressing assemblies respectively. Wherein, the filter press 7 comprising two sets of filter press devices is a double-head intelligent filter press separator.
4. As shown in fig. 1-2, the full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment of the present invention may further comprise a mud cake collecting system for collecting mud cakes formed after the material is subjected to pressure filtration, wherein the number of the mud cakes is the same as that of the pressure filtration device, and one mud cake collecting system comprises a belt conveyor and a mud cake collecting hopper. The belt conveyor is arranged on one side of the filter pressing device, which outputs mud cakes, and is used for conveying the mud cakes to the mud cake collecting hopper and treating the mud cakes.
The full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment of the invention can also comprise a sewage treatment system, which comprises a water collecting pit 4 communicated with the sewage discharge part of each filter pressing device, wherein the water collecting pit 4 is used for collecting sewage generated in the filter pressing process, and a sewage treatment station 8 communicated with the outlet of the water collecting pit 4, and the sewage treatment station 8 is used for purifying the sewage. Purifying the sewage reaching the standard, and discharging the sewage to a river channel or an underground pipe network.
The full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment of the present invention may further comprise a suction and bio-deodorization device 9 including an absorption tower 10 and a bio-deodorization device. The absorption tower 10 comprises an exhaust gas inlet and outlet for absorbing exhaust gas generated during the conditioning tank 3, the mud distributor 5, the filter press 7, the mud cake collection system and/or the sewage treatment system. The biological deodorizing device is communicated with the exhaust gas outlet of the absorbing tower 10, and is used for deodorizing the exhaust gas and discharging the exhaust gas to the atmosphere after reaching the standard.
2. The working method of the full-automatic solid-liquid separation system suitable for sludge treatment comprises the following steps:
S1, preprocessing a material to be distributed by the material preprocessing system, and conveying the preprocessed material to be distributed to a mud distributor 5;
S2, the mud distributing machine 5 and the filter press 7 work circularly and alternately, wherein one working cycle is that each filter pressing plate 15 of the filter press 7 is separated under the ascending action of a lifting mechanism and forms a uniform gap under the limiting action of a hanging plate 23, the mud distributing machine 5 moves forwards under the action of a movable supporting mechanism so that a mud distributing nozzle 22 enters the gap and distributes the materials;
S3, conveying mud cakes generated after each press filtration to a mud cake collecting system;
the sewage generated in the filter pressing process is sent to a sewage treatment system;
The waste gas generated during the pretreatment, sludge distributor 5, filter press 7, sludge cake collection system and/or sewage treatment system is sent to a suction and biological deodorization device 9.
Wherein,
1. The pretreatment process is that the materials stirred by the sludge stirring bin 2 are conveyed to the conditioning tank 3 through a sludge pump to be continuously stirred, and meanwhile, a flocculating agent is pumped into the conditioning tank 3 through an automatic conditioner feeding device 6.
2. The mud distribution and filter pressing process comprises the following steps:
2.1, the mud distribution main pipe 41 and each mud distribution branch pipe 42 are supported by a support frame 43, a track 25 is arranged on a support frame 45, and the position of the track 25 is fixed. The mud distributing cylinder 20 extends forwards, the mud distributing main pipe 41 drives each mud distributing branch pipe 42 and the sliding block 19 to slide forwards on the track 25, the mud distributing nozzle 22 enters between adjacent filter press plates 15, materials to be distributed are sprayed on filter cloth of the filter press plates 15 in a solid-liquid mixture mode, a driving motor of the filter cloth of the filter press plates 15 rotates leftwards, the filter cloth moves forwards with the solid-liquid mixture, and the solid-liquid mixture is uniformly distributed on the filter cloth between the filter press plates 15 through the mud limiting plates 24 in front of the mud distributing nozzle 22. And after the mud distribution is finished, the rod of the mud distribution cylinder 20 is retracted, the whole mud distribution bracket is retracted, each mud distribution nozzle 22 also exits from the interlayer of each filter pressing plate 15, and the work is stopped until the backward travel of the mud distribution cylinder 20 is finished.
2.2, The main press cylinder 12 drives the press platen 13 to press downwards to the top-most filter pressing plate 15. The jacking cylinder 18 descends to drive all the filter press plates 15 to descend until all the filter press plates 15 are closed, and at the moment, the pressure of the press 1 is maintained for 10 minutes. In the pressure maintaining process, the filter-pressed wastewater is discharged to a total wastewater collecting pipe through a water outlet 37 on the side surface of the filter-pressing plate 15, the wastewater of the total wastewater collecting pipe directly flows into a wastewater collecting pit and is pumped to a wastewater treatment station 8 for treatment, and the wastewater is discharged to a river channel or a city pipe network after reaching standards. After the pressure is maintained for 10 minutes, the main press cylinder 12 drives the press platen 13 to ascend until the travel is completed. The jacking cylinder 18 acts to jack up to drive each laminated filter plate 15 to be uniformly opened, the solid-liquid substance after press filtration becomes mud cake at the moment, each laminated filter plate 15 acts to rotate the filter cloth through the corresponding driving motor, the filter cloth moves forward towards the mud discharging direction, the mud cake is separated from the filter cloth and falls onto the belt conveyor after passing through the mud scraping plate 36 when going to the end, and the mud cake is sent out of the workshop until the mud cake collecting hopper, so far, the whole press filtration process is finished.
2.3, The mud distributor 5 and the filter press 7 are two devices which work cooperatively. In the initial state, the press 1 is retracted to the original position, the jacking cylinders 18 are ejected, the laminated filter plates 15 are opened at uniform intervals, and hanging plates 23 are arranged between each laminated filter plate 15. The mud distributing cylinder 20 extends out, the mud distributing nozzles 22 arranged in multiple layers enter the gaps between adjacent layers of the filter pressing plates 15 arranged in multiple layers, and the filter pressing can be pumped at the moment when materials to be distributed, namely the conditioned solid-liquid mixture, are distributed. The sludge pump at the bottom of the conditioning tank 3 works to pump the solid-liquid mixture to the sludge distributing device 5, the driving motor of each filter press plate 15 acts, the filter cloth rotates around the filter press plate 15 where the filter cloth is positioned, the solid-liquid mixture can be sent to the whole filter press plate 15 in the process, and sludge can be uniformly distributed through the limit of the scraper 36. The mud cylinder 20 is pneumatically retracted and the entire mud distribution pipeline is retracted and moved out of the space between adjacent filter presses 15. Next, the main press cylinder 12 and the jacking cylinder 18 are simultaneously pressed down until all the press filters 15 are completely closed, and then the pressure is maintained for 10 minutes, and the whole press filter process is finished. When the solid-liquid mixture is distributed to the end of the filter pressing plate 15 far away from the mud distributing nozzle 22, the mud pump is controlled to stop working by a sensor arranged on the end, the mud distributing cylinder 20 is retracted, and the mud distributing nozzle 22 totally exits from the layers of the filter pressing plates 15, so that mud distribution is stopped.
3. The mud cake collecting process is that the belt conveyor conveys mud cakes obtained by filter pressing to the mud cake collecting hopper. The sewage treatment process is that the sewage generated by the filter pressing of the filter press 7 is discharged into the water collecting pit 4, the water collecting pit 4 is conveyed to the sewage treatment station 8, the sewage is purified, and the sewage after reaching the discharge standard can be discharged into a river channel or an underground pipe network. The deodorizing process is that the waste gas generated in the process of the conditioning tank 3, the mud distributor 5, the filter press 7, the mud cake collecting system and/or the sewage treatment system is collected into the absorption tower 10, and then is conveyed to the biological deodorizing device through the absorption tower 10, and the waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere after reaching the standard after being subjected to deodorizing treatment.
According to the invention, the rollers arranged on each layer of filter plates rotate to drive the filter cloth to rotate and are used for discharging mud, so that each layer can discharge mud simultaneously, and the overall mud discharging efficiency is high. Whereas the usual sludge outlet device is a continuous Z-folded filter cloth, the time for which the cake takes to transport and discharge this form of filter cloth is relatively long.
The filter cloth of the filter press is longitudinally overlapped, the mud distribution and the filter pressing can be completed at the same station, and compared with a multi-station press, the floor space is reduced. The press machine can be a four-column press machine or a frame press machine, and can be used for forcedly dehydrating materials among filter cloth, and the maximum dehydration rate can reach about 38 percent because the tonnage of the press machine of the type is large and can reach 320 t. The separated product generally comprises mud cake with water content of 38-45% and separated sewage. The purpose of solid-liquid separation is mainly to provide conditions for later mud cake landfill, incineration and organic fertilizer fermentation. The method can reduce pollution of landfill sites and underground water after sludge dehydration, reduce incineration cost after sludge dehydration, accelerate fermentation speed of organic fertilizer and greatly reduce pollution to environment and atmosphere after sludge dehydration, and has long-term economic and social benefits.
In the prior art, the basic requirement on the filter cloth is that the filter cloth has better water permeability. The commonly used Z-shaped filter cloth arrangement form can use filter cloth with the length of 500 meters at one station, and the filter cloth needs to achieve certain strength because of a large span of the filter cloth and a certain pressure, but needs to have certain softness for convenient folding and certain water permeability for ensuring certain requirement. The requirements for the filter cloth are high in finishing and the cost is high. The filter cloth in the invention is a closed annular structure arranged around each filter pressing plate, and the length of each filter pressing plate is usually 1-2 m, so that the requirements on the pressure bearing capacity and softness of the filter cloth are reduced, and only the requirement on the water permeability is met.
Claims (8)
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| CN111921238B (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2024-08-16 | 聂麒曌 | Full-automatic filter press |
| CN112808686A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 聂麒曌 | System for cleaning silicon material to be recycled |
| CN113860687A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-12-31 | 中环乐创(天津)环保科技有限公司 | Vertical box filter-pressing mummification system of mud |
| CN113716830B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2025-05-06 | 聂麒曌 | Single filter cloth deep sludge dewatering equipment and working method thereof |
| CN113698062B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2024-03-08 | 聂麒曌 | Full-automatic horizontal deep solid-liquid separator and working method thereof |
| CN113787753B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-04-25 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Portable river course silk alga integration dewatering device |
| CN114506946B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-24 | 深圳市世邦环境科技有限公司 | Closed-loop disinfection and deodorization device for volatile waste water body |
| CN117225025B (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-01-19 | 鲁东大学 | Plate filter press for water ecological restoration |
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