CN111919544B - Ditching and earthing integrated device for crops and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ditching and earthing integrated device for crops, which comprises a seed box, a mounting frame, a ditching and earthing device and a seeding device, wherein the seed box is provided with a plurality of seed holes; the top surface of the seed box is provided with a box cover, two sides of the seed box are respectively provided with a roller, the inner wall of the seed box is obliquely provided with a material guide plate, the side wall of the seed box is provided with a feed opening, the feed openings are arranged side by side and are provided with a plurality of groups, the number of the sowing wheels is equal to that of the feed openings, the plurality of groups of sowing wheels are all sleeved on a connecting shaft, the sowing wheels are positioned in an opening box, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected with the opening box, the connecting shaft is connected with the roller through a transmission member, the transmission member is positioned in a shell, and the shell is arranged on the outer wall of the seed box; the invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use, and can be provided with a plurality of grooves at one time, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency of crop planting; and the ditching and soil covering device and the seeding device are effectively combined, so that the two groups of ditching and soil covering devices are mutually matched, and the working efficiency of crop planting is further improved.

Description

Ditching and earthing integrated device for crops and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crops, and relates to a ditching and soil covering integrated device and a using method thereof, in particular to a ditching and soil covering integrated device for crops and a using method thereof.

Background

In large farms, mechanized operation is mostly used for ploughing, but the land in many areas in rural areas in China is small, large agricultural mechanized equipment cannot be spread for the land with small plots, small test plots or mountainous and hilly lands, labor intensity is high when manpower or labor storage is used for ploughing, and production efficiency is low.

CN208657308U discloses among the reference file two-way ditching earthing device relates to agricultural planting machines technical field, by the frame, the connecting pipe, lifting regulator and two-way ditching covering device, constitute, lifting regulator passes through the fixed plate to be fixed in the frame, two-way ditching covering device passes through fastener movable mounting at lifting regulator's lower extreme, in the below of fixed plate, the adjusting roller is installed to the both sides of connecting pipe, two regulation ropes pass both sides adjusting roller respectively, be connected with the regulation hole at two-way ditching covering device both ends. The utility model discloses can realize the integration of ditching, seeding and earthing time. Not only convenient operation can realize accurate, high-efficient seeding moreover. The furrow opener can carry out bidirectional reversing, is flexible to operate, safe and convenient, and saves labor and time;

most of the existing small plot seeders adopt power machines, such as tractors, to pull operation machines to perform operations including ditching, seeding, earthing and other functions, the tractor needs to turn the head of the tractor to perform the next operation after the tractor reaches the head of the plot, the turning of the head is frequent, the required space is large, so that the plot cannot be tilled, and the seeding efficiency is influenced; so that ditching, sowing and soil covering can not be carried out simultaneously, and time and labor are wasted; and the ditching, the soil covering and the sowing are usually carried out separately, so that the working efficiency of crops in the sowing process is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that most of the existing small plot seeders adopt power machines, such as tractors to pull operation machines to perform operations including ditching, seeding, earthing and other functions, the tractor needs to turn the head of the tractor to perform the next operation after the traction operation machines reach the head of the plot, the turning of the head is frequent, the required space is large, the head of the plot cannot be tilled, and the seeding efficiency is influenced; so that ditching, sowing and soil covering can not be carried out simultaneously, and time and labor are wasted; and the ditching, the earthing and the seeding are usually operated separately, which causes the problem of low working efficiency of crops in the seeding process, and provides a ditching and earthing integrated device for crops and a use method thereof.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a ditching and earthing integrated device for crops comprises a seed box, a mounting frame, a ditching and earthing device and a seeding device;

the top surface of the seed box is provided with a box cover, two sides of the seed box are respectively provided with a roller, the inner wall of the seed box is obliquely provided with a material guide plate, the side wall of the seed box is provided with a feed opening, the feed openings are provided with a plurality of groups side by side, the feed opening is provided with a plurality of groups of sowing wheels, the sowing wheels are provided with the same number as the feed openings, the plurality of groups of sowing wheels are all sleeved on a connecting shaft, the sowing wheels are positioned in an opening box, the connecting shaft is rotationally connected with the opening box, the connecting shaft is connected with the roller through a driving member, the driving member is positioned in a shell, and the shell is arranged on the outer wall of the seed box;

a plurality of groups of holes are arranged on the arc side wall of the sowing wheel at equal intervals, the number of the opening boxes is equal to that of the sowing wheels, the opening boxes are arranged on the top surface of a first mounting plate, and the first mounting plate is arranged on the side wall of the seed box;

the soil plowing box is horizontally arranged, the conveying box is obliquely arranged, a plurality of groups of ditching teeth are arranged on the bottom surface of one side of the soil plowing box, which is far away from the conveying box, a plurality of groups of partition plates are arranged in the inner cavity of the soil plowing box, the plowing box is provided with a plurality of groups of soil inlet bins through the partition plates, and the partition plates are positioned between the two groups of ditching teeth;

be provided with multiunit transportation storehouse in the defeated material box, advance soil storehouse and transportation storehouse one-to-one and communicate each other, be provided with the conveyer belt in the transportation storehouse, and the equidistance is provided with multiunit's fender apron on the conveyer belt, and the multiunit conveyer belt passes through the connecting rod and links to each other, and the connecting rod is connected with the output of motor, and the motor is installed on the outer wall of defeated material box.

Preferably, the seeding devices are arranged in a plurality of groups side by side, and the seeding devices are arranged on the first mounting plate.

Preferably, the seeding device comprises a first mounting plate, a first material hole, a second material hole, a first telescopic pipe, a second telescopic pipe, a first discharging pipe, a second discharging pipe, a first movable rod, a second mounting plate and a seed baffle plate; first material hole and second material hole set up on first mounting panel, and first material hole and second material hole are located the opening box.

Preferably, the first material hole is connected with the first discharging pipe through a first telescopic pipe, the second material hole is connected with the second discharging pipe through a second telescopic pipe, the first telescopic pipe is connected with the second mounting plate through a first movable rod, the second discharging pipe is connected with the second mounting plate through a second movable rod, the second mounting plate is mounted on the side wall of the seed box, and the second mounting plate is located under the first mounting plate.

Preferably, the first telescopic pipe and the second telescopic pipe are identical in structure, the first telescopic pipe and the second telescopic pipe respectively comprise a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe, the top end of the first connecting pipe is movably arranged on the first mounting plate, the bottom end of the first connecting pipe slidably extends to the inner cavity of the second connecting pipe, a fastening bolt is arranged on the side wall of the second connecting pipe, and the fastening bolt abuts against the outer wall of the first connecting pipe.

Preferably, the length of first movable rod is less than the length of second movable rod, and the discharge end of communicating pipe corresponds the intercommunication with first discharging pipe and second discharging pipe respectively, is provided with the discharge opening on first discharging pipe and the second discharging pipe, and discharge opening department is provided with the seed baffle.

Preferably, the transmission part comprises a belt pulley and a belt, the belt pulley is sleeved on the connecting shaft and the connecting rod on the roller, and the two groups of belt pulleys are connected through belt transmission.

A use method of a ditching and earthing integrated device for crops comprises the following steps:

s1, the ditching and earthing device is pulled to move along a farmland, multiple groups of ditching teeth are arranged on the bottom surface of one side, away from the soil conveying box, of the soil conveying box, multiple groups of grooves are formed in one-time reclamation, reclaimed soil enters the soil conveying box, seeds in the seed box fall into holes of the sowing wheel from a discharging opening along the material guide plate, belt pulleys are sleeved on the connecting shaft and the connecting rod on the roller, the two groups of belt pulleys are connected through belt transmission, the roller drives the sowing wheel to rotate through the conveying part in the moving process, the seeds on the sowing wheel rotate and fall into the opening box, and the seeds enter the first telescopic pipe and are discharged from a discharging hole of the first discharging pipe and fall into the grooves due to the fact that the first material hole is connected with the first discharging pipe through the first telescopic pipe;

s2, the starter motor work, because be provided with multiunit transport bin in the defeated feed bin, advance native storehouse and transport bin one-to-one and communicate each other, be provided with the conveyer belt in the transport bin, and the equidistant fender apron that is provided with the multiunit on the conveyer belt, the discharge end and the communicating pipe of transport bin are connected, communicating pipe slope sets up, and communicate with seeder, make earth in the native box transport and fall into communicating pipe along advancing the native storehouse, again along corresponding entering into first discharging pipe and second discharging pipe along communicating pipe and follow the discharge opening discharge cover on the seed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the ditching and earthing device is drawn to move along the farmland, and as the bottom surface of one side of the soil plowing box far away from the material conveying box is provided with a plurality of groups of ditching teeth, a plurality of groups of grooves are reclaimed at one time, the reclaimed soil enters the plowing box, the discharge end of the transport bin is connected with the communicating pipe, the communicating pipe is obliquely arranged, and is communicated with a seeding device, the seeds in the seed box fall into the holes of the seeding wheel from the feed opening along the material guide plate, because the connecting shaft and the connecting rod on the roller are sleeved with the belt pulleys, the two groups of belt pulleys are connected by the belt transmission, so that the roller drives the sowing wheel to rotate through the conveying piece in the moving process, thereby the seeds on the sowing wheel rotate and fall into the opening box, the first material hole is connected with the first material discharging pipe through the first telescopic pipe, so that seeds enter the first telescopic pipe and are discharged from the material discharging hole of the first material discharging pipe to fall into the groove;

the ditching and earthing device is integrally arranged and mainly comprises a soil plowing box and a material conveying box, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in use, and a plurality of grooves can be formed at one time, so that the working efficiency of crop planting is greatly improved; the ditching and earthing device and the seeding device are effectively combined, so that the two groups of ditching and earthing devices are matched with each other, the working efficiency of crop planting is further improved, the connecting shaft is connected with the roller through the transmission piece, the transmission piece is positioned in the shell, the shell is installed on the outer wall of the seed box, and the arc side wall of the seeding wheel is provided with a plurality of groups of holes at equal intervals, so that the seeding wheel can be used for uniformly and equidistantly seeding by means of the roller, and the problems that in the prior art, a seeding device is adopted for working, the seeding device is complex in structure, installation and maintenance are troublesome, and power is required to be provided for working are solved;

in addition, the seeding device is provided with a first telescopic pipe, a second telescopic pipe, a first discharging pipe and a second discharging pipe, so that when seeding is carried out, if the first telescopic pipe and the first discharging pipe are blocked or have other faults, seeding cannot be carried out, a worker can block the first material hole through blocking, and then seed through the first telescopic pipe and the second discharging pipe, so that the seeding device has high fault tolerance rate, and the problem that the seeding device cannot be normally used due to faults during seeding can be solved; in addition, because first flexible pipe and second flexible pipe structure are the same, first flexible pipe and second flexible pipe all include first connecting pipe, second connecting pipe for can adjust the length of flexible pipe according to the condition of farmland height, thereby make seeder have the advantage that the suitability is strong.

Drawings

In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the whole of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the ditching and soil covering device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the inside of the transportation bin of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the area A in FIG. 2 according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the connection between the seeding device and the seed box of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the sowing device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the area B in FIG. 5 according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a roller; 2. a seed box; 3. a box cover; 4. a housing; 5. a mounting frame; 6. a ditching and soil covering device; 7. a seeding device; 8. a soil plowing box; 9. a material conveying box; 10. ditching teeth; 11. a partition plate; 12. a soil inlet bin; 13. a conveyor belt; 14. a soil guard plate; 15. a communicating pipe; 16. an open box; 17. a feeding port; 18. a sowing wheel; 19. a connecting shaft; 20. a first mounting plate; 21. a first material hole; 22. a second feed hole; 23. a first telescopic tube; 24. a second telescopic tube; 25. a first connecting pipe; 26. a second connecting pipe; 27. a first discharge pipe; 28. a second discharge pipe; 29. a first movable bar; 30. a second movable bar; 31. a second mounting plate; 32. a seed baffle; 33. and (5) transporting the bin.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, a ditching and earthing integrated device for crops comprises a seed box 2, a mounting rack 5, a ditching and earthing device 6 and a seeding device 7;

the top surface of the seed box 2 is provided with a box cover 3, two sides of the seed box 2 are respectively provided with a roller 1, the inner wall of the seed box 2 is obliquely provided with a material guide plate, the side wall of the seed box 2 is provided with a feed opening 17, the feed openings 17 are arranged in parallel in multiple groups, a sowing wheel 18 is arranged at the feed opening 17, the sowing wheels 18 are arranged in parallel in multiple groups, the number of the sowing wheels 18 is equal to that of the feed openings 17, the multiple groups of the sowing wheels 18 are all sleeved on a connecting shaft 19, the sowing wheels 18 are positioned in an opening box 16, the connecting shaft 19 is rotatably connected with the opening box 16, the connecting shaft 19 is connected with the roller 1 through a transmission piece, the transmission piece is positioned in a shell 4, the shell 4 is installed on the outer wall of the seed box 2, the transmission piece is positioned in the shell 4, and the shell 4 is installed on the outer wall of the seed box 2;

a plurality of groups of holes are arranged on the arc side wall of the sowing wheel 18 at equal intervals, the number of the opening boxes 16 is equal to that of the sowing wheel 18, the opening boxes 16 are arranged on the top surface of a first mounting plate 20, and the first mounting plate 20 is arranged on the side wall of the seed box 2;

the two sides of the seed box 2 are respectively provided with a mounting frame 5, the mounting frame 5 is provided with a ditching and soil covering device 6, the ditching and soil covering device 6 comprises a soil plowing box 8, a material conveying box 9, ditching teeth 10, a partition plate 11, a soil inlet bin 12, a conveyor belt 13 and a soil retaining plate 14, the two sides of the material conveying box 9 are fixedly connected with the mounting frame 5, the soil plowing box 8 and the material conveying box 9 are of an integrated structure, the soil plowing box 8 is communicated with the material conveying box 9, the soil plowing box 8 is horizontally arranged, the material conveying box 9 is obliquely arranged, a plurality of groups of ditching teeth 10 are arranged on the bottom surface of one side of the soil plowing box 8 away from the material conveying box 9, a plurality of groups of partition plates 11 are arranged in the inner cavity of the soil plowing box 8, the soil plowing box 8 is provided with a plurality of groups of soil inlet bins 12 through the partition plates 11, and the partition plates 11 are positioned between the two groups of ditching teeth 10;

be provided with multiunit transportation storehouse 33 in the defeated magazine 9, advance soil storehouse 12 and transportation storehouse 33 one-to-one and communicate each other, be provided with conveyer belt 13 in the transportation storehouse 33, and the equidistant fender apron 14 that is provided with multiunit on conveyer belt 13, multiunit conveyer belt 13 passes through the connecting rod and links to each other, and the connecting rod is connected with the output of motor, and the motor is installed on the outer wall of defeated magazine 9.

The seeding devices 7 are arranged in a plurality of groups side by side, and the seeding devices 7 are arranged on the first mounting plate 20.

The seeding device 7 comprises a first mounting plate 20, a first material hole 21, a second material hole 22, a first telescopic pipe 23, a second telescopic pipe 24, a first discharging pipe 27, a second discharging pipe 28, a first movable rod 29, a second movable rod 30, a second mounting plate 31 and a seed baffle plate 32; the first material hole 21 and the second material hole 22 are provided on the first mounting plate 20, and the first material hole 21 and the second material hole 22 are located in the outlet box 16.

The first material hole 21 is connected with a first material outlet pipe 27 through a first extension pipe 23, the second material hole 22 is connected with a second material outlet pipe 28 through a second extension pipe 24, the first extension pipe 23 is connected with a second mounting plate 31 through a first movable rod 29, the second extension pipe 24 is connected with the second mounting plate 31 through a second movable rod 30, the second mounting plate 31 is mounted on the side wall of the seed box 2, and the second mounting plate 31 is positioned under the first mounting plate 20.

The first extension tube 23 and the second extension tube 24 have the same structure, the first extension tube 23 and the second extension tube 24 both comprise a first connecting tube 25 and a second connecting tube 26, the top end of the first connecting tube 25 is movably arranged on the first mounting plate 20, the bottom end of the first connecting tube 25 slidably extends to the inner cavity of the second connecting tube 26, and a fastening bolt is arranged on the side wall of the second connecting tube 26 and is abutted against the outer wall of the first connecting tube 25 through the fastening bolt.

The length of the first movable rod 29 is smaller than that of the second movable rod 30, the discharge end of the communicating pipe 15 is correspondingly communicated with the first discharge pipe 27 and the second discharge pipe 28 respectively, discharge holes are formed in the first discharge pipe 27 and the second discharge pipe 28, and seed baffles 32 are arranged at the discharge holes.

The transmission part comprises belt pulleys and belts, the belt pulleys are sleeved on the connecting shaft 19 and the connecting rod on the roller 1, and the two groups of belt pulleys are connected through belt transmission.

A use method of a ditching and earthing integrated device for crops comprises the following steps:

s1, the ditching and soil covering device 6 is pulled to move along a farmland, multiple groups of ditching teeth 10 are arranged on the bottom surface of one side, far away from the material conveying box 9, of the soil ploughing box 8, multiple groups of grooves are formed in one-time tillage, reclaimed soil enters the soil ploughing box 8, seeds in the seed box 2 fall into holes of the sowing wheel 18 from the material guide plate from the material discharging opening 17, belt pulleys are sleeved on the connecting shaft 19 and a connecting rod on the roller 1, the two groups of belt pulleys are connected through belt transmission, the roller 1 drives the sowing wheel 18 to rotate through a conveying piece in the moving process, the seeds on the sowing wheel 18 rotate and fall into the opening box 16, and the first material hole 21 is connected with the first material discharging pipe 27 through the first telescopic pipe 23, so that the seeds enter the first telescopic pipe 23 and are discharged from the material discharging hole of the first material discharging pipe 27 and fall into the grooves;

s2, the starter motor works, because be provided with multiunit transport bin 33 in the defeated magazine 9, advance native storehouse 12 and transport bin 33 one-to-one and communicate each other, be provided with conveyer belt 13 in the transport bin 33, and the equidistant fender apron 14 that is provided with the multiunit on conveyer belt 13, the discharge end and the communicating pipe 15 of transport bin 33 are connected, communicating pipe 15 slope sets up, and communicate with seeder 7, make the earth in the soil box 8 transport and fall into communicating pipe 15 along advancing native storehouse 12, correspond along communicating pipe 15 again and enter into first discharging pipe 27 and second discharging pipe 28 in and cover on the seed from the discharge opening discharge.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the ditching and soil covering device 6 is drawn to move along the farmland, and as the bottom surface of one side of the soil plowing box 8, which is far away from the material conveying box 9, is provided with a plurality of groups of ditching teeth 10, a plurality of groups of grooves are reclaimed at one time, the reclaimed soil enters the plowing box 8, the discharge end of the transport bin 33 is connected with the communicating pipe 15, the communicating pipe 15 is obliquely arranged, and is communicated with the seeding device 7, the seeds in the seed box 2 fall into the holes of the seeding wheel 18 from the feed opening 17 along the material guide plate, because the connecting shaft 19 and the connecting rod on the roller 1 are both sleeved with belt pulleys, and the two groups of belt pulleys are connected by the belt transmission, so that the roller 1 drives the sowing wheel 18 to rotate through the conveying part in the moving process, thereby the seeds on the sowing wheel 18 rotate and fall into the opening box 16, because the first material hole 21 is connected with the first material discharging pipe 27 through the first telescopic pipe 23, the seeds enter the first telescopic pipe 23 and are discharged from the material discharging hole of the first material discharging pipe 27 to fall into the groove;

the motor is started to work, as a plurality of groups of transport bins 33 are arranged in the conveying box 9, the soil inlet bins 12 are in one-to-one correspondence with the transport bins 33 and are communicated with each other, the conveying belt 13 is arranged in the transport bins 33, and a plurality of groups of soil retaining plates 14 are arranged on the conveying belt 13 at equal intervals, so that soil in the soil plough box 8 is conveyed along the soil inlet bins 12 and falls into the communicating pipe 15, then correspondingly enters the first discharging pipe 27 and the second discharging pipe 28 along the communicating pipe 15 and is discharged from the discharging hole to cover on seeds, the ditching and earthing device 6 is integrally arranged and mainly comprises the soil plough box 8 and the conveying box 9, the ditching and earthing device has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in use, a plurality of grooves can be formed at one time, and the working efficiency of crop planting is greatly improved; the ditching and earthing device 6 and the seeding device 7 are effectively combined, so that the two groups are matched with each other, the working efficiency of crop planting is further improved, the connecting shaft 19 is connected with the roller 1 through the transmission piece, the transmission piece is positioned in the shell 4, the shell 4 is installed on the outer wall of the seed box 2, and a plurality of groups of holes are formed in the arc side wall of the seeding wheel 18 at equal intervals, so that the seeding wheel 18 can be uniformly sown at equal intervals by means of the roller 1, and the problems that in the prior art, a seeding device is adopted for working, the seeding device is complex in structure, troublesome to install and maintain and can work only by providing power are solved;

in addition, the seeding device 7 is provided with a first extension pipe 23, a second extension pipe 24, a first discharge pipe 27 and a second discharge pipe 28, so that when seeding is carried out, if the first extension pipe 23 and the first discharge pipe 27 are blocked or have other faults, seeding cannot be carried out, a worker can block the first material hole 21 through blocking, and then seed through the first extension pipe 23 and the second discharge pipe 28, so that the seeding device 7 has high fault tolerance rate, and the problem that the seeding cannot be normally used due to faults in seeding can be avoided; in addition, because the first extension pipe 23 and the second extension pipe 24 have the same structure, the first extension pipe 23 and the second extension pipe 24 both comprise the first connecting pipe 25 and the second connecting pipe 26, so that the length of the extension pipes can be adjusted according to the height of the farmland, and the sowing device 7 has the advantage of high applicability.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides an integrative device of ditching earthing for crops which characterized in that: comprises a seed box (2), a mounting rack (5), a ditching and earthing device (6) and a seeding device (7);

the top surface of the seed box (2) is provided with a box cover (3), two sides of the seed box (2) are respectively provided with a roller (1), the inner wall of the seed box (2) is obliquely provided with a material guide plate, the side wall of the seed box (2) is provided with a plurality of groups of feed openings (17), the feed openings (17) are arranged side by side, a seeding wheel (18) is arranged at the feed opening (17), the seeding wheels (18) are arranged side by side in a plurality of groups, the number of the seeding wheels (18) is equal to that of the feed openings (17), the plurality of groups of seeding wheels (18) are all sleeved on a connecting shaft (19), the seeding wheel (18) is positioned in an opening box (16), the connecting shaft (19) is rotatably connected with the opening box (16), the connecting shaft (19) is connected with the roller (1) through a transmission member, the transmission member is positioned in a shell (4), and the shell (4) is installed on the outer wall of the seed box (2);

a plurality of groups of holes are arranged on the arc side wall of the sowing wheel (18) at equal intervals, the number of the opening boxes (16) is equal to that of the sowing wheel (18), the opening boxes (16) are arranged on the top surface of a first mounting plate (20), and the first mounting plate (20) is arranged on the side wall of the seed box (2);

the two sides of the seed box (2) are respectively provided with a mounting frame (5), the mounting frame (5) is provided with a ditching and soil covering device (6), the ditching and soil covering device (6) comprises a soil plowing box (8), a material conveying box (9), ditching teeth (10), a partition plate (11), a soil inlet bin (12), a conveyor belt (13) and a soil retaining plate (14), the two sides of the material conveying box (9) are fixedly connected with the mounting frame (5), the soil plowing box (8) and the material conveying box (9) are of an integral structure, the soil plowing box (8) is communicated with the material conveying box (9), the soil plowing box (8) is horizontally arranged, the material conveying box (9) is obliquely arranged, the bottom surface of one side of the soil plowing box (8) far away from the material conveying box (9) is provided with a plurality of ditching teeth (10), a plurality of groups of partition plates (11) are arranged in the inner cavity of the soil plowing box (8), and the soil plowing box (8) is provided with a plurality of groups of soil inlet bins (12) through the partition plates (11), the clapboard (11) is positioned between the two groups of ditching teeth (10);

a plurality of groups of conveying bins (33) are arranged in the conveying box (9), the soil inlet bins (12) and the conveying bins (33) are in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with each other, conveying belts (13) are arranged in the conveying bins (33), a plurality of groups of soil retaining plates (14) are arranged on the conveying belts (13) at equal intervals, the plurality of groups of conveying belts (13) are connected through connecting rods, the connecting rods are connected with the output end of a motor, and the motor is arranged on the outer wall of the conveying box (9);

a plurality of groups of seeding devices (7) are arranged side by side, and the seeding devices (7) are arranged on the first mounting plate (20);

the seeding device (7) comprises a first mounting plate (20), a first material hole (21), a second material hole (22), a first telescopic pipe (23), a second telescopic pipe (24), a first discharging pipe (27), a second discharging pipe (28), a first movable rod (29), a second movable rod (30), a second mounting plate (31) and a seed baffle plate (32); the first material hole (21) and the second material hole (22) are arranged on the first mounting plate (20), and the first material hole (21) and the second material hole (22) are positioned in the opening box (16);

the first material hole (21) is connected with a first discharge pipe (27) through a first telescopic pipe (23), the second material hole (22) is connected with a second discharge pipe (28) through a second telescopic pipe (24), the first telescopic pipe (23) is connected with a second mounting plate (31) through a first movable rod (29), the second telescopic pipe (24) is connected with the second mounting plate (31) through a second movable rod (30), the second mounting plate (31) is mounted on the side wall of the seed box (2), and the second mounting plate (31) is located under the first mounting plate (20);

the first extension tube (23) and the second extension tube (24) are identical in structure, the first extension tube (23) and the second extension tube (24) respectively comprise a first connecting tube (25) and a second connecting tube (26), the top end of the first connecting tube (25) is movably arranged on the first mounting plate (20), the bottom end of the first connecting tube (25) slidably extends to the inner cavity of the second connecting tube (26), and a fastening bolt is arranged on the side wall of the second connecting tube (26) and is abutted to the outer wall of the first connecting tube (25) through the fastening bolt;

the length of the first movable rod (29) is smaller than that of the second movable rod (30), the discharge end of the communicating pipe (15) is correspondingly communicated with the first discharge pipe (27) and the second discharge pipe (28) respectively, the first discharge pipe (27) and the second discharge pipe (28) are provided with discharge holes, and the discharge holes are provided with seed baffles (32);

the transmission part comprises belt pulleys and a belt, the belt pulleys are sleeved on the connecting shaft (19) and the connecting rod on the roller (1), and the two groups of belt pulleys are connected in a transmission way through the belt;

the method comprises the following steps:

s1, the ditching and soil covering device (6) is pulled to move along a farmland, and as the bottom surface of one side of the soil plowing box (8) far away from the material conveying box (9) is provided with a plurality of groups of ditching teeth (10), a plurality of groups of grooves are reclaimed at one time, and reclaimed soil enters the soil plowing box (8); seeds in the seed box (2) fall into holes of the sowing wheel (18) from a feed opening (17) along the material guide plate, belt pulleys are sleeved on the connecting shaft (19) and a connecting rod on the roller (1), the two groups of belt pulleys are connected through belt transmission, so that the roller (1) drives the sowing wheel (18) to rotate through a conveying piece in the moving process, the seeds on the sowing wheel (18) rotate and fall into the opening box (16), and the seeds enter the first telescopic pipe (23) and are discharged from a discharge hole of the first discharge pipe (27) to fall into the groove due to the fact that the first material hole (21) is connected with the first discharge pipe (27) through the first telescopic pipe (23);

s2, the starter motor works, because be provided with multiunit transport bin (33) in defeated magazine (9), advance native storehouse (12) and transport bin (33) one-to-one and communicate each other, be provided with conveyer belt (13) in transport bin (33), and conveyer belt (13) equidistant fender apron (14) that are provided with multiunit, the discharge end and communicating pipe (15) of transport bin (33) are connected, communicating pipe (15) slope sets up, and communicate with seeder (7), make earth in the plough box (8) transport and fall into communicating pipe (15) along advancing native storehouse (12), again along communicating pipe (15) correspond enter into in first discharging pipe (27) and second discharging pipe (28) and cover on the seed from the discharge opening discharge.

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