CN111904580A - A visual elastic intramedullary nail for long bone fractures in children - Google Patents

Abstract

A visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fracture, comprising elastic intramedullary nail, endoscope and endoscope fixing device; the elastic intramedullary nail includes a head end nail, a tail end nail and an elastic nail connecting the two parts The elastic intramedullary nail is a hollow structure, and the endoscope passes through the hollow structure and realizes detachable connection and installation with the head end nail through the endoscope fixing device. The invention combines the elastic intramedullary nail with the endoscope, solves the problem that the intramedullary nail can only be inserted blindly in the current operation, and avoids the problem that the implantation effect can only be detected by experience or X-ray photography after the blind operation. It improves the simplicity of the operation, greatly reduces the operation time, and avoids trauma to the patient's operation site. At the same time, the endoscope fixing device realizes that the endoscope can be directly pulled out after the elastic intramedullary nail is placed, and can be reused only by selecting the corresponding elastic intramedullary nail, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

A visual elastic intramedullary nail for long bone fractures in children

technical field

The invention relates to the field of elastic intramedullary nails, in particular to a visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fractures.

Background technique

The elastic intramedullary nail for children is based on the evolution and improvement of the intramedullary nail used in the treatment of adult long diaphysis fractures. Elastic intramedullary nails are mainly used for long bone fractures in children, including femoral shaft fractures, tibial shaft fractures, and humerus fractures in children. In the past, the treatment of such fractures required open reduction and plate fixation, and the surgical trauma was large and the healing was slow. With the in-depth study of children's fractures and the re-understanding of the fixation and stabilization system, elastic intramedullary nails are widely used in long bone fractures. The use of elastic intramedullary nails for fracture reduction and fixation is a minimally invasive surgery. The inner nail is generally made of titanium alloy with suitable tension and elastic coefficient.

The principle of the elastic intramedullary nail is to insert two elastic intramedullary nails symmetrically from the metaphysis, and use the good elastic restoring force of titanium alloy or stainless steel to act on the bone, and convert it into thrust and pressure through the three contact points of the medullary cavity, so as to maintain the fracture. Reset is stable. Four biomechanical stabilities are thus provided: flexural stability, axial stability, lateral stability and rotational stability. Its biomechanical stability is the basis for the desired therapeutic effect.

The mechanical principle of the elastic intramedullary nail is simple and easy to understand, but in operation, because the intramedullary nail needs to be manipulated to pass through the fracture, it is very easy to operate blindly due to the inability to determine the position of the bone marrow cavity at the fracture. The penetration of the internal nail is likely to cause trauma to the surrounding tissue, and the operation is extremely inconvenient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems existing in the above background technology, the present invention proposes a visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fractures. By combining the intramedullary nail with an endoscope, the intramedullary can be better operated during the operation. The insertion direction of the nail reduces the difficulty of surgical operation and avoids trauma to the patient's surgical site.

A visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fracture, comprising an elastic intramedullary nail, an endoscope and an endoscope fixation device;

The elastic intramedullary nail includes a head end nail, a tail end nail and an elastic nail body connecting the two parts, the elastic intramedullary nail is a hollow structure, and the endoscope passes through the hollow structure and is connected with the endoscope fixing device. The head end nail realizes detachable connection and installation.

Further, the head end nail has a top opening and is provided with a transparent lens, and the outer wall is provided with a plurality of slots.

Further, the endoscope fixing device includes an elastic sleeve and a fixing elastic member, the elastic sleeve is sleeved and fixed on the endoscope, and the fixing elastic member is a protruding arc structure arranged on the elastic sleeve. on the surface.

Further, the fixing elastic member cooperates with the slot of the head end nail, and when embedded in the slot, the endoscope is fixed on the head end nail, and after being compressed, it is prolapsed from the slot so that the endoscope is free from the elastic intramedullary structure of the hollow structure. Pull out the nail.

Further, the fixed elastic member adopts an inflatable balloon, and the inflatable pipe is fitted and fixed on the outer wall of the line of the endoscope.

Further, the fixed elastic member is made of elastic rubber material.

The beneficial effects achieved by the invention are as follows: the elastic intramedullary nail is combined with the endoscope, which solves the problem that the intramedullary nail can only be inserted blindly in the current operation, and avoids the need for experience or X-rays after the blind operation. The problem of taking pictures to detect the implantation effect improves the simplicity of the operation, greatly reduces the operation time, and avoids trauma to the patient's operation site. At the same time, the endoscope fixing device realizes that the endoscope can be directly pulled out after the elastic intramedullary nail is placed, and the corresponding elastic intramedullary nail can be reused only by matching, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a visible elastic intramedullary nail in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a head end nail of a visible elastic intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope and an endoscope fixing device in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a CT image of a long bone fracture in a child in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of placement of a visible elastic intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a CT image of a visible elastic intramedullary nail in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-head end nail, 101-lens, 102-slotted, 2-endoscope, 3-endoscope fixing device, 301-elastic sleeve, 302-fixing elastic piece, 303-inflatable pipe, 4 - Elastic nail body.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First of all, referring to the CT image of a long bone fracture in children in Figure 1, it can be seen that the fracture surface of the fracture is dislocated, which leads to the need for blind manipulation when the ordinary intramedullary nail is placed, which is prone to misalignment and inability to enter the other side of the fracture surface. The condition of the lateral bone cavity.

In view of this problem, a visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fracture is proposed, which includes an elastic intramedullary nail, an endoscope 2 and an endoscope fixing device 3 . The elastic intramedullary nail includes a head end nail 1, a tail end nail and an elastic nail body 4 connecting the two parts. The elastic intramedullary nail is a hollow structure, and an endoscope 2 passes through the hollow structure and is connected to the head end through an endoscope fixing device 3. The nail 1 realizes detachable connection and installation. When in use, referring to Figures 5-6, first remove the end nail, insert the endoscope 2 and install it through the endoscope fixing device 3, then perform the insertion operation of the elastic intramedullary nail, and finally insert the endoscope into the endoscope. The mirror 2 is pulled out, and the end nail is fixed on the elastic nail body 4 .

The top of the head end nail 1 is open and is provided with a transparent lens 101, so that the endoscope can clearly see the internal structure of the bone cavity. The outer wall of the head end nail 1 is provided with a plurality of slots 102 .

The endoscope fixing device 3 includes an elastic sleeve 301 and a fixing elastic member 302 , the elastic sleeve sleeve 301 is fixed on the endoscope 3 , and the fixing elastic member 302 is a convex arc structure arranged on the surface of the elastic sleeve 301 . The endoscope fixing device 3 of the visual elastic intramedullary nail can use elastic rubber material to integrally manufacture the elastic sleeve 301 and the fixing elastic member 302, so that the endoscope fixing device 3 can be obtained as a consumable. It can be manufactured in large quantities at low cost, and is assembled on the endoscope 2 when used, and is directly removed and discarded after surgery.

The fixing elastic member 302 cooperates with the slot 102 of the head end nail 1, and when inserted into the slot 102, the endoscope 2 is fixed on the head end nail 1, and after being compressed, it is released from the slot 102 so that the endoscope 2 is free from the hollow structure. The elastic intramedullary nail was withdrawn.

The fixing elastic member 302 is an inflatable balloon. As shown in FIG. 3 , the inflation tube 304 is fitted and fixed on the outer wall of the line of the endoscope 2 . When in use, put the endoscope 2 into the elastic intramedullary nail and fit the fixed elastic member 302 with the slot 102 through inflation to fix the position of the endoscope 2. After the elastic intramedullary nail is placed, pass The inflation tube 304 is deflated so that the endoscope can be withdrawn directly.

For the inflatable balloon-type fixed elastic member 302, another achievable implementation is to grind the left and right edges of the slot 102 to make it have a certain sharpness, and to fit the fixed elastic member 302 in use. At the middle position of the slot 103, after the operation is completed, manually rotate the pipeline of the endoscope 2, so that the endoscope fixing device 3 installed at the front end also rotates, so that the fixing elastic member 302 is in contact with the sharp slot. After the edge of 102 is directly ruptured, the endoscope 2 can be directly pulled out, and a small amount of fragments generated after rupture also remain in the inner cavity of the elastic intramedullary nail, which will not affect the patient.

Another embodiment is that the fixing elastic member 3 is made of elastic rubber material, that is, it has a certain compression deformation structure, and can be fitted and fixed in the slot 102. After the operation is completed, the line of the endoscope 2 is fixed to a certain extent. The pulling force can force the fixing elastic member 3 to compress, so that the endoscope 2 can be withdrawn from the elastic intramedullary nail.

At present, the inner diameter of elastic intramedullary nails is mostly between 3.5mm and 4mm, while the currently commonly used medical endoscopes have the smallest working hose diameter of 0.78mm and the longest working length of 950mm. The tube is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the image transmission fiber is used inside to transmit the image, the optical fiber inside the hose transmits light, and the rear end is illuminated by a high-brightness LED light source. The diameter of the current ductoscope has reached 0.6 mm, so this visual elastic intramedullary nail can be fully realized.

The above descriptions are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but any equivalent modifications or changes made by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the contents disclosed in the present invention should be included in the within the scope of protection described in the claims.

Claims (6)

1. a visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fracture, comprising elastic intramedullary nail, endoscope and endoscope fixing device, it is characterized in that: The elastic intramedullary nail includes a head end nail, a tail end nail and an elastic nail body connecting the two parts, the elastic intramedullary nail is a hollow structure, and the endoscope passes through the hollow structure and is connected with the endoscope fixing device. The head end nail realizes detachable connection and installation. 2. A visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the head end nail is open at the top and is provided with a transparent lens, and the outer wall is provided with a plurality of slots . 3. A visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the endoscope fixing device comprises an elastic sleeve and a fixing elastic member, and the elastic sleeve is sleeved It is fixed on the endoscope, and the fixed elastic piece is a protruding arc structure and is arranged on the surface of the elastic sleeve. 4. A visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fractures according to claim 3, characterized in that: the fixed elastic member is matched with the slot of the head end nail, and the endoscope is inserted into the slot to make the endoscope It is fixed on the head end nail, and after being compressed, it is released from the slot so that the endoscope can be extracted from the elastic intramedullary nail in the hollow structure. 5. A visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fracture according to claim 4, characterized in that: the fixed elastic member adopts an inflatable balloon, and the inflatable pipe fits the line of the fixed endoscope on the outer wall. 6 . The visual elastic intramedullary nail for children's long bone fractures according to claim 4 , wherein the fixing elastic member is made of elastic rubber material. 7 .

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