CN111903660A - Method for preparing fish specimen - Google Patents
Method for preparing fish specimen Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903660A CN111903660A CN202010838090.7A CN202010838090A CN111903660A CN 111903660 A CN111903660 A CN 111903660A CN 202010838090 A CN202010838090 A CN 202010838090A CN 111903660 A CN111903660 A CN 111903660A
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- fish
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- skin
- prosthesis
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1O MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- JPMIIZHYYWMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octhilinone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1SC=CC1=O JPMIIZHYYWMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(=O)NSC2=C1 DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VUWCWMOCWKCZTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-thiazol-4-one Chemical class O=C1CSN=C1 VUWCWMOCWKCZTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005844 Thymol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960000790 thymol Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC=CC1=O BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940100555 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003555 cloaca Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 medical gauze Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000732 tissue residue Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000228197 Aspergillus flavus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a fish specimen, which belongs to the field of specimen preparation and comprises the steps of 1) prosthesis preparation, 2) filler treatment and specimen sample treatment, and 3) coloring and painting. The specimen prepared by the method can be well preserved for a long time in various severe environments, and does not cause toxicity to the environment or human beings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of specimen preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a fish specimen.
Background
The fish stripping specimen is mainly used for museums and specimen museum collection and exhibition, can well show the shape and color of fish compared with the immersed specimen, and has high ornamental value. Many of the old methods for preparing the stripped specimens mostly adopt toxic substances such as formaldehyde, arsenic, mercury and the like for corrosion prevention, which not only can cause certain damage to production personnel, but also is not beneficial to being placed in a closed room to be contacted with people for a long time. When the fish body filling device is manufactured, the iron wire is used as the support, and the degreasing cotton, the straw and the wood dust are used for filling the fish body, so that unevenness or wrinkle deformation of the surfaces of some specimens is easily caused when the temperature and the humidity change occurs, and the attractiveness is influenced. At present, although a plurality of methods adopt novel materials to manufacture prosthesis filling, the surface of the fish skin or the prosthesis is only preserved, and the fish skin or the prosthesis is still easy to mildew after being stored for a period of time in a humid environment where mould is easy to breed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing a fish specimen, and the specimen prepared by the method can be well preserved for a long time in various severe environments without causing toxic hazard to the environment or human beings.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a fish specimen comprises the following specific steps:
1) manufacture of prostheses
Preparing a fish specimen prosthesis by using wood powder, preparing an antiseptic liquid, adding the prepared antiseptic liquid into the wood powder, adding the preservative liquid into the wood powder according to the volume-to-mass ratio of 1:1(ml/g), fully stirring, placing the mixture in a ventilated place for drying in the shade, then adding white glue into the wood powder, then preparing the wood powder into a dried specimen prosthesis according to the shape of a fish body, and placing the dried specimen prosthesis in a dry place for drying;
2) filler processing and specimen sample processing
(1) Adding filler of the filler treatment specimen into preservative solution for soaking;
furthermore, the filler comprises absorbent cotton and gauze.
Further, the preparation method of the preservative solution comprises the steps of mixing 500mg/L of thymol alcohol solution and boric acid alum mixed solution in a volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the boric acid final concentration in the boric acid alum mixed solution is 10g/L, and alum is saturated solution; adding isothiazolinone derivatives with final concentration of 5-50 mg/L;
further, the isothiazolinone derivative is 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone-3-ketone or octyl isothiazolinone, the concentration of the 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone is 5mg/L, the concentration of the 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone-3-ketone is 50mg/L or the concentration of the octyl isothiazolinone is 50 mg/L.
(2) The preparation of the specimen comprises the steps of peeling off the complete fish skin of a fish body to be prepared with the specimen, taking out internal organs, and keeping fin bones, fish meat and fat as little as possible; soaking the treated fish head endoskeleton in 50% alcohol for 3-4 days, then soaking in 70% alcohol for 4-5 days, and performing corrosion prevention and degreasing; taking out the fish skin after soaking, washing with water, removing surface alcohol and tissue debris, completely absorbing grease with absorbent cotton, and brushing the preservative solution in the step 1) on the inner side of the fish skin;
(3) placing the pre-made prosthesis into the fishskin treated in the step (2), and filling the gap with a sterilized filler to enable the fish to present an anatomical precursor state and ensure that the fishskin is smooth and has no wrinkles; after filling, firmly sticking the opening of the fish skin;
after the prosthesis is filled, the fins are processed, the fins are fully unfolded and clamped by a hardboard, the fins are completely air-dried and shaped, and the fish skin is also air-dried in the air-drying process of the fins;
3) painting and lacquering
After the air drying is finished, the fish skin is colored by the propylene pigment according to the photo taken at the beginning, so that the vivid and correct color is ensured; after coloring, putting the specimen in a cool and dry place for airing;
and after coloring and air drying, coating varnish containing 0.5% octyl isothiazolinone on the surface of the specimen to further protect the specimen, wherein the varnish is thin-coated but not too thick, and is air dried after being coated, so that the preparation is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the artificial body is made of wood powder, and the surface of the manufactured artificial body is fine and smooth and is easy to polish.
2) According to the invention, the preservative is added into the wood powder, so that the prosthesis is prevented from mildewing in the long-time prevention process. Meanwhile, the preservative is brushed inside the soaked fish skin, the preservative is added into varnish of the filler which is soaked by the preservative and brushed outside the specimen, the specimen is comprehensively protected, and the prepared specimen is not easy to mildew.
3) The invention adopts a gradient alcohol soaking method for the fish skin and the fish head, has double effects of sterilization, disinfection and degreasing, and can avoid the fish skin from being quickly dehydrated, embrittled, deformed and cracked due to direct soaking of high-concentration alcohol.
4) The formula adopted by the method has no toxicity, low price, simple preparation and lasting effect. The isothiazolinone derivative has no toxicity or low toxicity, and is harmless to environment.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way by the examples.
Example 1
1. Material
The fishes for preparing the specimens come from the fishing port wharfs and all die naturally.
Tool: plastic bottle, scalpel, surgical scissors, tweezers, all-purpose adhesive, absorbent cotton, medical gauze, wood powder, fish eye, iron wire, electronic scale, white glue, acrylic pigment, drawing tool and varnish.
Reagent: 95% ethanol, alum, boric acid, thymol, octyl isothiazolinone, 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone
In the embodiment, the preparation method of the preservative solution comprises the steps of mixing 500mg/L of thymol alcohol solution and boric acid alum mixed solution in a volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the final concentration of boric acid in the boric acid alum mixed solution is 10g/L, and alum is saturated solution; adding isothiazolinone derivative with final concentration of 5-50mg/L into the preservative solution;
wherein the isothiazolinone derivative is 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone-3-ketone or octyl isothiazolinone, the concentration of the 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone is 5mg/L, the concentration of the 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone-3-ketone is 50mg/L, the concentration of the octyl isothiazolinone-3-ketone is 50mg/L, and the substitution effects of the three are equal.
2. Specimen preparation method
1) Fish prosthesis production
Preparing a fish specimen prosthesis by using wood flour, preparing 500ml of thymol alcohol solution (500mg/L), 500ml of boric acid and alum mixed solution (the final concentration of boric acid in the boric acid and alum mixed solution is 10g/L, and alum is saturated solution), weighing 1Kg of wood flour, pouring the prepared solution and 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone solution into the wood flour, wherein the dosage of the 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone solution is 50mg/Kg of the wood flour, fully stirring, and placing in a ventilated place for drying for 2-3 days. Then taking a proper amount of wood powder, adding white glue into the wood powder to form the wood powder, preparing the mixed wood powder into a dried specimen prosthesis according to the shape of the fish body, and placing the dried specimen prosthesis in a dry place for drying for 5-7 days.
The absorbent cotton and the gauze used for filling the dried specimen of the fish can be used after being soaked and dried by the preservative solution, and a proper amount of the absorbent cotton and the gauze is stuffed into the specimen during filling.
2) Specimen sample processing
(1) The fish is thawed and cleaned, the fish is photographed at various angles under a white background, the key data of the fish body is measured, and the fish is placed in an anatomical plate for dissection.
(2) Using a scalpel to cut under the belly of a fish, wherein a cutting edge extends from the kissing fish to a tail fin, the skin of the fish is stripped inwards from the cutting edge, internal organs are taken out, and the internal organs have mucosa and ligament which are connected with the muscles of the fish and need to be cut off by scissors. The other end of the viscera is connected with the cloaca, the other end of the viscera is carefully treated, otherwise, the fish skin is easy to cut, the fin bone is cut by scissors, the fin bone, the fish meat and the fat are kept as little as possible, the fish skin cannot be cut, the fish meat and the bone at the deeper part to be treated are endurable, and the fish meat and the bone are slowly treated a bit.
(3) After the fish and the fish bones near the cut are processed, cutting the spine vertebrae from the joint with the fish head to be as close as possible, processing the fin bones and the fish meat on the left side according to the same method as the right side to peel off the fish skin, and using scissors to have a certain size, paying attention to the distance and not cutting the fish skin.
(4) The cut fish body is taken out from the opening, a scalpel is used for separating when the cut fish body is combined with the opening tightly, the separation is stopped when the cut fish body is separated to the position near the dorsal fin, the separated fish body is cut off and removed, the fish skin cannot be punctured when the fish skin is separated, and part of fish meat and fat cannot be damaged when the fish skin is kept.
(5) The fins and skin were again examined for fish flesh, fin bones and fat residues, if any, and if any, removed.
(6) The fish head is processed, the structure of the fish head is complex, only one principle needs to be mastered, the external skeleton structure cannot be damaged, and the internal fish and skin are removed as far as possible.
(7) The fish eye is processed, the fish eye is cut by using a scalpel, the fish skin is not cut, then the meat at the fish eye part is removed by using tweezers, and the meat at the fish eye part can also be removed from the inside of the fish head.
(8) Removing mucosa on fish head endoskeleton, washing with water, removing blood and residual muscle tissue, soaking in 50% alcohol for 3-4 days, soaking in 70% alcohol for 4-5 days, and defatting.
(9) Taking out the fish skin after soaking, checking whether a large amount of tissue residues exist again, thoroughly removing the residual tissue, washing with water, removing surface alcohol and tissue debris, completely absorbing grease with absorbent cotton, and brushing the inner side of the fish skin with a preservative containing boric acid, thymol and octyl isothiazolinone.
(10) And (3) putting the pre-manufactured prosthesis into the fish, and filling the gap with sterilized absorbent cotton and absorbent gauze, so that the fish presents an anatomical precursor state, and the fish skin is ensured to be smooth and have no folds. And (5) after filling, using all-purpose adhesive to firmly adhere the opening of the fish skin.
(11) After the prosthesis is filled, the fins are processed, the fins are fully unfolded, the hardboard is used for clamping, the fins are completely air-dried and shaped, and the fish skin can be air-dried in the air-drying process of the fins.
3) Painting and lacquering
(1) And after the air drying is finished, the fish skin is colored by propylene pigment according to the photo taken at the beginning, so that the vivid and correct color is ensured. And after coloring, putting the specimen in a cool and dry place to dry.
(2) And after coloring and air drying, coating varnish containing 0.5% octyl isothiazolinone on the surface of the specimen to further protect the specimen, wherein the varnish is thin-coated but not too thick, and is air dried after being coated, so that the preparation is finished.
The fish used in example 2 was derived from the same fish as in example 1, and the preparation method thereof was the prior art.
1. Fish prosthesis production
1) Preparing a fish specimen prosthesis by using wood chips, preparing 500ml of 75% alcohol, weighing 1Kg of wood chips, pouring the prepared solution into the wood chips, fully stirring, placing in a ventilated place, drying in the shade for 2-3 days, or sterilizing the wood chips by high-pressure steam. Then taking a proper amount of wood chips, adding white glue into the wood chips, making the mixed wood chips into a dried specimen prosthesis according to the shape of the fish body, and drying the dried specimen prosthesis in a dry place for 5-7 days.
2) The absorbent cotton and the gauze used for filling the dried specimen of the fish can be used after being disinfected by 75 percent alcohol, and a proper amount of the absorbent cotton and the gauze is stuffed into the specimen during filling.
2. Specimen sample processing
1) The fish is thawed and cleaned, the fish is photographed at various angles under a white background, the key data of the fish body is measured, and the fish is placed in an anatomical plate for dissection.
2) Using a scalpel to cut under the belly of a fish, wherein a cutting edge extends from the kissing fish to a tail fin, the skin of the fish is stripped inwards from the cutting edge, internal organs are taken out, and the internal organs have mucosa and ligament which are connected with the muscles of the fish and need to be cut off by scissors. The other end of the viscera is connected with the cloaca, the other end of the viscera is carefully treated, otherwise, the fish skin is easy to cut, the fin bone is cut by scissors, the fin bone, the fish meat and the fat are kept as little as possible, the fish skin cannot be cut, the fish meat and the bone at the deeper part are treated with patience, and the fish meat and the bone are slowly treated a bit by a bit.
3) After the fish and the fish bones near the cut are processed, cutting the spine vertebrae from the joint with the fish head to be as close as possible, processing the fin bones and the fish meat on the left side according to the same method as the right side to peel off the fish skin, and using scissors to have a certain size, paying attention to the distance and not cutting the fish skin.
4) The cut fish body is taken out from the opening, a scalpel is used for separating when the cut fish body is combined with the opening tightly, the separation is stopped when the cut fish body is separated to the position near the dorsal fin, the separated fish body is cut off and removed, the fish skin cannot be punctured when the fish skin is separated, and part of fish meat and fat cannot be damaged when the fish skin is kept.
5) The fins and skin were again examined for fish flesh, fin bones and fat residues, if any, and if any, removed.
6) The fish head is processed, the structure of the fish head is complex, only one principle needs to be mastered, the external skeleton structure cannot be damaged, and the internal fish and skin are removed as far as possible.
7) The fish eye is processed, the fish eye is cut by using a scalpel, the fish skin is not cut, then the meat at the fish eye part is removed by using tweezers, and the meat at the fish eye part can also be removed from the inside of the fish head.
8) Removing mucosa from bone in fish head, washing with water, removing blood and residual muscle tissue, soaking in 95% ethanol for 4-5 days, and defatting.
9) Taking out the fish skin after soaking, checking whether a large amount of tissue residues exist again, thoroughly removing the residual tissue, washing with water, removing surface alcohol and tissue debris, completely absorbing grease with absorbent cotton, and brushing a preservative containing a saturated solution of boric acid and alum on the inner side of the fish skin.
10) And (3) putting the pre-manufactured prosthesis into the fish, and filling the gap with sterilized absorbent cotton and absorbent gauze, so that the fish presents an anatomical precursor state, and the fish skin is ensured to be smooth and have no folds. And (5) after filling, using all-purpose adhesive to firmly adhere the opening of the fish skin.
11) After the prosthesis is filled, the fins are processed, the fins are fully unfolded, the hardboard is used for clamping, the fins are completely air-dried and shaped, and the fish skin can be air-dried in the air-drying process of the fins.
3. Painting and lacquering
1) And after the air drying is finished, the fish skin is colored by propylene pigment according to the photo taken at the beginning, so that the vivid and correct color is ensured. And after coloring, putting the specimen in a cool and dry place to dry.
2) And after coloring and air drying, coating varnish on the surface of the specimen to further protect the specimen, wherein the varnish is thin-coated but not too thick, and is air dried after being coated, so that the preparation is completed.
The specimens prepared in the two embodiments are preserved under the conditions that the temperature is about 20-25 ℃ and the humidity is more than 70% and the mold is easy to grow, in the example 2, the specimens are about half a year, some parts of the surfaces of the specimens generate tawny mildew stains, and the specimens prepared in the example 1 by adopting the preservative process are still intact as before after one year under the same environment.
Two different soaking methods are used in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, after the low-concentration gradient soaking in the embodiment 1 (soaking in 50% alcohol for 3-4 days, then soaking in 70% alcohol for 4-5 days), the fish skin has good elastic toughness, and the method in the embodiment 2 adopts 95% alcohol to soak for 4-5 days, so that the fish skin is preserved and degreased, and becomes crisp and has uneven feeling.
Example 3
Control experiments were performed to determine the effective concentration of isothiazolinone derivatives added to the preservative solution. Mixing 500mg/L thymol alcohol solution and boric acid alum mixed solution in a volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the boric acid final concentration in the boric acid alum mixed solution is 10g/L, and alum is saturated solution. Dividing the solution into nine parts as a basic solution, numbering, adding 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone with final concentrations of 5mg/L, 25mg/L and 50mg/L into No. 1-3 solutions respectively, adding 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one with final concentrations of 5mg/L, 25mg/L and 50mg/L into No. 4-6 solutions respectively, and adding octyl isothiazolinone with final concentrations of 5mg/L, 25mg/L and 50mg/L into No. 7-9 solutions respectively.
The No. 1-9 solutions are respectively mixed in fungus culture media with corresponding numbers according to the numbers, and No. 10 is set as a blank control group without adding the preservative solution. The 10 groups of culture media are put in a severe environment where fungi such as aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus, penicillium and the like are bred for 1 month, and a large number of fungi colonies are found in the No. 10 culture medium to be connected into pieces, a small amount or a small amount of fungi also grow in the No. 4, 5, 7 and 8 culture media, and no fungi colonies exist in the No. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 culture media. Therefore, the conclusion is that the anticorrosion liquid prepared by adding octyl isothiazolinone with the final concentration of 5mg/L or 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone with the final concentration of 50mg/L or 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone with the final concentration of 50mg/L into the basic solution can have good mildewproof effect under the severe conditions of mildewing breeding.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing a fish specimen is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) manufacture of prostheses
Preparing a fish specimen prosthesis by using wood powder, preparing a preservative solution, adding the prepared preservative solution into the wood powder, adding the preservative solution and the wood powder in a volume-to-mass ratio of 1:1(ml/g), fully stirring, placing in a ventilated place for drying in the shade, then adding white glue into the wood powder, preparing the wood powder into a dried specimen prosthesis according to the shape of a fish body, and placing in a dry place for drying;
2) filler processing and specimen sample processing
(1) Adding filler of the filler treatment specimen into preservative solution for soaking;
(2) the preparation of the specimen comprises the steps of peeling off the complete fish skin of a fish body to be prepared with the specimen, taking out internal organs, and keeping fin bones, fish meat and fat as little as possible; soaking the treated fish head endoskeleton in 50% alcohol for 3-4 days, then soaking in 70% alcohol for 4-5 days, and performing corrosion prevention and degreasing; taking out the fish skin after soaking, washing with water, removing surface alcohol and tissue debris, completely absorbing grease with absorbent cotton, and brushing the preservative solution in the step 1) on the inner side of the fish skin;
(3) placing the prosthesis prepared in the step 1) into the fishskin treated in the step 2, and filling the gap with a sterilized filler to enable the fish to present an anatomical precursor state and ensure that the fishskin is smooth and has no wrinkles; after filling, firmly sticking the opening of the fish skin;
after the prosthesis is filled, the fins are processed, the fins are fully unfolded and clamped by a hardboard, the fins are completely air-dried and shaped, and the fish skin is also air-dried in the air-drying process of the fins;
3) painting and lacquering
After the air drying is finished, the fish skin is colored by the propylene pigment according to the photo taken at the beginning, so that the vivid and correct color is ensured; after coloring, putting the specimen in a cool and dry place for airing;
and painting varnish containing 0.5% octyl isothiazolinone on the surface of the specimen after coloring and airing so as to further protect the specimen, and finishing the preparation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the filler comprises cotton wool and gauze.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the preservative solution is prepared by mixing a 500mg/L thymol alcohol solution and an alum borate solution in a volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the final concentration of boric acid in the alum borate solution is 10g/L, and the alum is a saturated solution; then adding isothiazolinone derivatives with the final concentration of 5-50mg/L in the preservative solution.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the isothiazolinone derivative is 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one or octyl isothiazolinone, the concentration of 1, 2-benzisothiazolinone is 5mg/L, the concentration of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one is 50mg/L or the concentration of octyl isothiazolinone is 50 mg/L.
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