CN111889652A - A kind of clamping device for partial pressure of anti-gravity casting and anti-gravity casting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mold locking device for partial pressure in anti-gravity casting and anti-gravity casting equipment, comprising a side mold locking part and an upper mold locking part, wherein the side mold locking part is fixed to the anti-gravity casting through connecting parts The side mold template or frame of the equipment includes a locking driving mechanism, a locking force transmission mechanism and a side mold locking block. The locking force driving mechanism is provided with a locking force transmission mechanism, and the lock The tightening force transmission mechanism is connected with the side mold locking block, the side mold locking block is provided with an inclined surface, and the upper mold locking part is provided with an inclined surface suitable for the shape of the side mold locking block. When the present invention is applied to a multi-liter liquid pipe anti-gravity wheel casting and forming device with a local pressurizing device, it can provide a stable clamping force during the local pressurization, and significantly improve the safety.

Description

A kind of clamping device for partial pressure of anti-gravity casting and anti-gravity casting equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a mold-locking device for partial pressure in anti-gravity casting and anti-gravity casting equipment.

Background technique

Lightweight is one of the most important ways to save energy and reduce emissions of fuel vehicles, and to reduce consumption and extend range of new energy vehicles. Replacing traditional steel materials with lightweight materials such as aluminum alloys has become an inevitable choice for vehicle design upgrades. Aluminum alloys used in automobiles can be divided into cast aluminum alloys and deformed aluminum alloys. Cast aluminum alloys are mainly used to manufacture parts such as engines, clutch housings, wheels, and chassis parts. With the demand for improved casting quality and the development of casting technology, more parts are produced by low-pressure casting, differential pressure casting and pressure-regulated casting, all of which are anti-gravity casting methods. The basic principle of this kind of casting is to drive the metal melt in the crucible or holding furnace with low-pressure gas, so that it rises through the liquid riser and enters the mold cavity. After the filling is completed, the metal melt in the mold completes the solidification under pressure. and feeding.

The traditional aluminum alloy low pressure, differential pressure and pressure regulating wheel casting technology usually adopts the single gate single liter liquid tube filling technology. Taking an aluminum alloy wheel as an example, a liquid riser is set at the center of the wheel, that is, at the center of the wheel, so that the metal melt enters the cavity and completes the filling and solidification. This method is simple in design and easy to implement, but the disadvantage lies in the filling. The distance is long and the molding is difficult. In order to avoid cold separation, the temperature of the wheel metal mold is generally as high as 400 °C, which leads to low cooling rate of the wheel, coarse structure, and easy to form casting defects such as shrinkage porosity and porosity in the hot joint. In order to refine the structure and eliminate casting defects such as shrinkage porosity, water cooling and water mist cooling are generally used in the prior art to strengthen the cooling of the wheel mold. However, the enhanced cooling greatly shortens the solidification time of the wheel. The solidification time of large-sized wheels can be shortened to less than 100s, but at the same time, it causes the problem that the temperature field of the wheel cooling and solidification process is difficult to control during the production process, which makes it difficult to achieve sequential solidification, unstable product performance, and low pass rate.

There have been other attempts at filling the wheel in the prior art. Patent CN201010107026.8 discloses a bilateral casting process and device for low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheels. Gates are set on both sides of the wheel, so that the aluminum liquid enters from the rim. The center crystallizes toward the rim, which shortens the distance of molten aluminum flowing, and cooperates with cooling to reduce the shrinkage defect at the R angle or the rim. Patents CN201310557627.2, CN201410825962.0 and other documents disclose the combination of the center gate and the two side gates, in order to reduce the weight of the hub and improve the mechanical strength. CN201610390494.8 adopts a one-machine dual-mode wheel hub mold, and the gate is also set at the position of the wheel rim, so that two wheel hubs can be poured at one time.

However, the above-mentioned device and method also have obvious defects. For the way that the molten aluminum enters only from the rim, the entrance is located in the middle of the rim, which will lead to shunting after entering, that is, filling the wheel center and the rim at the same time. The filling time of the mold is uncontrollable, and the solidification sequence is uncontrollable, and shrinkage cavities and porosity defects are easily formed. For the combination of the center gate and the gates on both sides, since the molten aluminum enters from the two inlets, a confluence will be formed in the middle position, and it is easy to cause cold isolation due to reasons such as uneven gas discharge.

The applicant has designed a rapid sequential solidification wheel forming device and method based on multi-liter liquid pipes. The gate of the mold is set directly below the rim of the wheel or outside the upper R angle of the lower rim. Using this method can significantly reduce the filling distance and solve the problem of long-distance feeding of large-sized wheels. At the same time, local mechanical pressure is used to eliminate shrinkage and shrinkage at the center of the center wheel. However, due to the pressure of local mechanical pressure It is very large and far exceeds the holding pressure of low pressure or differential pressure casting. Therefore, how to achieve effective mold clamping to ensure the effect of local pressure during local mechanical pressurization has become an urgent problem to be solved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a mold clamping device for partial pressure in anti-gravity casting and anti-gravity casting equipment.

The complete technical solution of the present invention includes:

A mold locking device for anti-gravity casting, the mold locking device for anti-gravity casting comprises a side mold locking part, an upper mold locking part and a lower mold locking part, the side mold locking part is fixed to the The side mold template or frame of the anti-gravity casting equipment includes a locking driving mechanism, a locking force transmission mechanism and a side mold locking block, and the locking force driving mechanism is provided with a locking force transmission. The locking force transmission mechanism is connected to the side mold locking block. bevel.

The locking driving mechanism can drive the side mold locking part to move left and right.

In the mold clamping state, the inclined surface of the side mold locking block matches and fits with the inclined surfaces of the upper mold locking portion and the lower mold locking portion, and the side mold driving mechanism applies a mold clamping force to the abutting surfaces.

In the clamping state, the inclined surface of the locking block of the side mold is located above the inclined surfaces of the locking part of the upper mold and the locking part of the lower mold.

The locking driving mechanism is a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the locking force transmission mechanism is a hydraulic rod.

Anti-gravity casting equipment with said device.

The anti-gravity casting equipment is low pressure casting equipment or differential pressure casting equipment.

The anti-gravity casting equipment further includes a local pressurization and thinning device, and the local pressurization and thinning device includes a local pressurization mechanism and a thinning mechanism;

The local pressurizing mechanism is arranged below the position corresponding to the wheel center on the anti-gravity casting wheel mold, and includes a pressure driving mechanism, a pressure transmission mechanism and a pressure applying mechanism. Then apply pressure to the metal melt;

The thinning mechanism is arranged on the anti-gravity casting wheel mold, above the position corresponding to the wheel center, and thins the metal melt during the solidification process.

The pressure driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder, the pressure transmission mechanism is a hydraulic rod, and the pressure applying mechanism is a pressure block.

The thinning mechanism is an ultrasonic thinning mechanism or a vibration thinning mechanism.

The anti-gravity casting equipment includes a mold, and the gate on the mold is opened on the annular surface directly below the wheel rim.

The advantages of the present invention relative to the prior art are:

In the rapid sequential solidification wheel forming device and method based on the multi-liter liquid pipe proposed by the applicant, the gate of the mold is set directly below the rim of the wheel. By filling the mold with multiple liquid risers, the filling distance of the metal melt can be shortened by more than half compared with the existing single-liter liquid pipe mode, and the temperature of the metal mold can be reduced from the existing 420°C to below 320°C. The wheel cooling rate and cooling effect are naturally accelerated, and rapid sequential solidification is achieved. And further improved, a local pressure device is added at the center of the wheel, and the pressure application mechanism is in contact with the metal melt, and applies pressure to the metal melt after the filling is completed. The aluminum liquid here is solidified under extremely high pressure, eliminating the possibility of forming shrinkage porosity defects. However, due to the high pressure of local mechanical pressurization, which far exceeds the holding pressure of low-pressure or differential pressure casting, it brings hidden safety hazards. Based on this, the applicant has designed a mold clamping for local pressurization in anti-gravity casting. When applying local pressurization, the hydraulic cylinder applies a clamping force to the fitting slope of the locking block of the side mold and the locking part of the upper mold, which can ensure that the metal melt still maintains a good mold under the condition of extremely high pressure. locked state. When applied to a multi-liter liquid pipe anti-gravity wheel casting and forming device with a local pressurization device, it can provide a stable clamping force during local pressurization, which significantly improves safety.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the wheel anti-gravity casting equipment with the mold locking device of the present invention in an unlocked state.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the wheel anti-gravity casting equipment structure with the mold locking device of the present invention in a locked state.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wheel structure in the prior art.

Fig. 4a shows the parts prone to entrainment when the equipment of Fig. 1 is inflated.

Fig. 4b is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 4a.

Fig. 4c is a schematic diagram of the filling sequence of Fig. 4a at the time of slow filling.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, the mold clamping device of the present invention includes a side mold locking part, an upper mold locking part and a lower mold locking part, wherein the side mold locking part is fixed to the side mold template or the side mold plate of the anti-gravity casting equipment through the connecting part. The frame includes a first side mold locking portion and a second side mold locking portion. Each side mold locking portion includes a locking drive mechanism 11, a locking force transmission mechanism 12 and a side mold locking block 13. The tightening force drive mechanism 11 can be any general drive mechanism in the prior art such as a hydraulic oil cylinder, a motor, etc., a hydraulic oil cylinder is preferably used here, and a locking force transmission mechanism is provided on the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the locking force transmission mechanism is preferably used here. Hydraulic rod, the front end of the hydraulic rod is connected to the side mold locking block 13, the shape of each side mold locking block is similar to a semi-trapezoid, and the front end has a forward protruding inclined surface 14, which is used to press the mold respectively. The corresponding upper mold locking portion slope 16 on the upper mold locking portion 15 and the corresponding lower mold locking portion slope on the lower mold locking portion.

The locking driving mechanism 11 can drive the side mold locking part to move left and right to perform mold opening and mold locking operations.

In the clamping state, the inclined surface of the side mold locking block matches the inclined surfaces of the upper and lower mold locking parts, and the side mold driving mechanism applies a certain clamping force to the abutting surface. In the clamping state, the inclined surface of the locking block of the side mold is located above the inclined surface of the locking part of the upper and lower molds.

When the upper die, the lower die and the side die are clamped, as shown in Figure 1, the locking force driving mechanism 11 drives the side die locking part to move to the outside to leave a clamping space, the upper die plate is lowered to close the die, and then locked. The force driving mechanism 11 drives the side mold locking part to move inwardly, so that the corresponding two inclined surfaces match and fit, the inclined surface of the side mold locking block is located above the inclined surfaces of the upper and lower mold locking parts, and enters the mold clamping state, such as shown in Figure 2. The casting process follows. After completion, follow the locking method in reverse order to unlock.

After the locking of the present invention, when the local pressurizing device locally pressurizes the molten aluminum after molding, the pressure is transmitted to the upper mold through the molten aluminum. At this time, the side mold driving mechanism locks the upper mold locking part and the side mold Apply a certain clamping force to the bonding surface of the tight part. It can ensure the locking state of the mold under extremely high pressure, which significantly improves the safety.

The wheel forming device used in combination with the present invention and the supporting process will be described below.

Fig. 3 is a typical wheel structure diagram, in which in the prior art, the central position of the wheel is usually called the wheel center, on the outside of the wheel, the part that supports the tire is called the rim, and the part that supports the tire is called the wheel center. The parts of the wheel that attach and support the rim are called spokes, and there are windows between the spokes. The part of the rim that holds and supports the direction of the tire is called the rim.

In the production of existing low-pressure or differential-pressure cast aluminum alloy wheels, almost all of them use a riser pipe at the center of the wheel, and make the melt pass through the thermos cup and the sprue sleeve connected to the riser pipe, and then pass through the wheel. The gate at the center enters the cavity, and is divided under the action of the diverter cone, and is filled in the order of the wheel center-spoke-rim-rim, and solidification is realized after filling the cavity. This is due to the fact that in actual production , it is easiest to set the gate and riser here, and the cross-sectional shape of the gate is a regular circle, which is easy to process. At the same time, the gate area is large, which can make the filling speed fast. However, some problems caused by the above-mentioned casting and filling methods cannot be solved well, such as long gate distance, too long filling distance, and it is very difficult to fill the hot joints such as the connection between the rim and the spoke, and it is easy to form shrinkage holes and shrinkage. It has become a major problem that plagues the production of the wheel industry. Although water cooling, water mist cooling, etc. are used to strengthen the cooling, in order to achieve sequential solidification, it is difficult to accurately control the temperature field due to the short filling and solidification time of the wheel, and a considerable proportion of waste products will inevitably be generated. .

However, in the prior art, the bilateral casting method is used in the middle of the side surface of the rim. Also, due to the uncontrollable filling and solidification sequence caused by the filling and shunting, it is very easy to form shrinkage porosity and shrinkage defects.

Based on this problem, the present invention proposes a wheel forming device based on multi-liter liquid channels. As shown in FIG. 1 , it includes a holding furnace 1 filled with aluminum liquid, a high-pressure gas source is connected in the holding furnace, and a holding furnace is provided with A plurality of risers 2, the lower parts of which are immersed in the molten aluminum 3. When the high-pressure gas source is used to pressurize the molten aluminum in the furnace, the molten aluminum can rise along a plurality of liquid risers. The top of the liquid riser is connected to the gate of the mold through the thermos cup and the special-shaped gate assembly 4 disclosed in the present invention, and enters the cavity 5 of the mold. The odd-shaped sprue casting assembly includes a sprue cup and an odd-shaped sprue sleeve located above it.

The gate of the mold is arranged on the annular surface directly under the rim of the wheel. In particular, the "toroidal surface directly under the rim" in the present invention refers to the side of the rim opposite to the rim, surrounding the wheel. The torus formed by the central axis. The outer circle constituting the ring is the circle formed by the outline of the outermost circle of the wheel on the surface, and the inner circle is the circle formed by the outer outline of the window area of the wheel around the center axis of the wheel. As shown in Figure 3. Correspondingly, the position where the sprue sleeve communicates with the mold is also set there.

Particularly preferably, the gate and gate sleeve can be arranged on the annular surface at a position corresponding to the outside of the window area, or at a position on the annular surface corresponding to the connection between the rim and the spoke.

In a preferred embodiment, two gates may be provided, symmetrically provided on both sides of the wheel, or multiple gates may be provided around the axis of the wheel. Corresponding to the gate, two liquid risers can be provided, which can be arranged symmetrically on both sides of the wheel, or a plurality of liquid risers can be provided around the axis of the wheel.

The above device can significantly reduce the filling distance and solve the problem of long-distance feeding of large-sized wheels. The filling and solidification time at the center of the wheel is late, and there may be a problem of liquid flow convergence, which may cause casting defects such as shrinkage porosity and inclusions here. Therefore, a local pressurization and refinement device is added in this design, and the local pressurization and refinement device includes a local pressurization mechanism or/and a refinement mechanism; the local pressurization mechanism is arranged below the mold, on the mold corresponding to the wheel Below the position of the wheel center, it includes a pressure driving mechanism, a pressure transmission mechanism and a pressure application mechanism. The pressure application mechanism is in contact with the metal melt and exerts pressure on the metal melt after the filling is completed; the thinning mechanism is set above the wheel mold, Corresponds to the position above the wheel hub and refines it during the solidification of the metal melt. The pressure driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder 6 , the pressure transmission mechanism is a hydraulic rod 7 , and the pressure applying mechanism is a pressure block 8 . The specific pressing process is to apply a mechanical pressure of 1000KPa to 120MPa after the filling is completed. The molten aluminum here is solidified under extremely high pressure to prevent the formation of shrinkage cavities and porosity defects due to insufficient edge feeding pressure.

The thinning mechanism is an ultrasonic thinning mechanism or a vibration thinning mechanism. In this specific embodiment, a vibration generator 9 and a vibration rod 10 are included. The vibration rod 10 penetrates into the molten aluminum and vibrates the molten aluminum during the solidification process, so that the dendrites formed by the crystallization of the molten aluminum are broken, and the nucleation is enhanced. To refine the grains and improve the mechanical properties of the wheel.

The present invention also discloses a low-pressure/differential pressure casting process suitable for the filling method. Since the casting filling method of the present invention has made great changes compared with the prior art, the original filling method and solidification process It cannot be applied to the present invention. Based on this, the present invention also designs a process suitable for the filling position.

Specifically include the following steps:

(1) The locking drive mechanism drives the locking part of the side mold to move to the outside, leaving a mold clamping space, and then the lower mold, the upper mold and the side mold are closed. After the lower mold, the upper mold and the side mold are closed, the locking drive The mechanism drives the side mold locking part to move inward, so that the two inclined surfaces match and fit, and the inclined surface of the side mold locking block is located above the inclined surface of the upper mold locking part, and enters the mold clamping state;

(2) Liquid rise: pressurize the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace through the high-pressure gas source, so that the aluminum liquid rises to the gate position along the liquid riser pipe under pressure, and the pressure rise speed at this stage is 2.8 ~ 4.0KPa/s , increase the pressure to 20KPa;

(3) Filling: Continue to increase the pressure, so that the molten aluminum enters the cavity through the gate. This filling stage is a two-stage pressurization. The first stage boosting speed is 0.1~0.2KPa/s, and the time is 2~4s , and then enter the second stage to rapidly increase the pressure until the cavity is filled, and the pressure reaches 35KPa at this time;

The boosting speed P' of the second stage is determined as follows:

where:

P' is the boosting speed, the unit is kPa/s; H is the total height of the cavity, the unit is mm; ρ is the metal melt density, the unit is g/cm ³ ; K is the resistance coefficient, and its value range is 1～ 1.5; t is the preset filling time, the unit is s, preferably 10s; 102 is the unit conversion factor; N is the number of risers, and its value range is 2 to 6, which can be selected according to the number of windows of different types of wheels , preferably 2 to 4; x is the liquid liter index, and the value ranges from 0.2 to 0.8. In the wheel type scheme adopted in this embodiment, the value is 0.5.

(4) Crystallization pressurization and pressure maintenance: After the filling is completed, the pressure is rapidly increased to 150KPa at a pressure increase rate of 8 to 10KPa/, and the pressure is maintained for 60 to 150s. At this time, the wheel solidification is completed.

(5) Pressure relief and gas release: After the solidification of the aluminum alloy wheel is completed, the gas pressure in the holding furnace is released, so that the unsolidified aluminum liquid from the riser and the runner will flow back to the holding furnace.

(6) Unlock and open the mold, eject the casting, and enter the next production cycle.

For the selection of the boosting speed in the liquid-raising stage and the filling stage, since the inner diameter of the liquid-rising pipe is fixed during the liquid-raising, there is basically no turbulent flow, so a fast boosting speed is adopted to enable the metal melt to rise rapidly Reach the gate position and shorten the rise time. In the filling stage, the complex shape of the cavity and gate must be considered. In the traditional filling method, the cross-sectional area of the riser and the gate is not much different due to the method of pouring from the center of the wheel. , and the cross-sectional area of the cavity at the center of the wheel is large, and it is not easy to generate turbulent flow, so the filling and boosting speed can be obtained by experience or experiment. For the filling method of the present invention, the filling is performed on the annular surface of the rim, which is an irregular conformal gate. Unreasonable filling pressure can easily produce turbulent air entrainment, resulting in stomata defects. However, the filling pressure design in the prior art adopts the calculation method in an ideal state, and is modified in combination with the resistance coefficient and the like. Changes in flow conditions caused by changes in the cross-sectional area of risers and gates are not considered. Therefore, it is impossible to obtain an ideal filling and boosting speed by using the empirical formula in the prior art.

Therefore, the present invention has studied the above-mentioned problems, combined with the riser, the gate, the shape and cross-sectional area of the cavity above the gate, and the flow characteristics of the metal melt. It is found that for the wheel rim position, at the circle frame shown by the arrow in Figure 4a, there are two parts where the area changes significantly at the initial stage of filling, as shown by the arrow in Figure 4b. If turbulent flow occurs , it is very easy to form entrained air at this position. After design and calculation, the present invention adopts two-stage pressurization, and the pressure increase speed is obviously reduced in the first stage, so that the metal melt can flow smoothly in the initial stage of filling and fill the above area. In order to avoid air entrainment, as shown in Figure 4c (here the arrow is the direction of melt filling), then enter the second stage to rapidly increase the pressure to shorten the filling time. In the filling process of the second stage of the present invention, the research found that the filling stability is significantly related to the number of risers, because the traditional method of pouring from the center of the wheel has only one riser and gate. The test can get the law and do quantitative processing. In the filling method of the present invention, the number of risers and gates may be two or more. Under the same boosting condition, the flow rate at the gate and the flow rate in the cavity above the gate will change significantly, resulting in an uncontrollable filling flow. Therefore, the present invention obtains the pressure boosting method of the second stage through research. It can be seen from formula (1) that within the same preset filling time, as the number of risers increases, the pressure boosting speed that can be used is It can be gradually increased without causing problems such as turbulent entrainment. The value of the resistance coefficient is related to the viscosity of the molten metal, the complexity of the mold cavity, etc. The lower limit is taken when the resistance is small, and the upper limit is taken when the resistance is large.

Example 1:

Two liquid risers and gates are used, and the mass percentage of the metal melt used is as follows: Si: 5-9%, Mg: 0.3-0.5%, Zr: 0.01-0.02%, B: 0.005-0.007%, RE: 0.002 ~ 0.005%, Nd: 0.002 ~ 0.005%, Fe: 0.05 ~ 0.15%, Mn: 0.05 ~ 0.1%, Ti: 0.08 ~ 0.14%, and the rest are Al and inevitable impurities.

(1) The locking drive mechanism drives the locking part of the side mold to move to the outside, leaving a mold clamping space, and then the lower mold, the upper mold and the side mold are closed. After the lower mold, the upper mold and the side mold are closed, the locking drive The mechanism drives the side mold locking part to move inward, so that the two inclined surfaces match and fit, and the inclined surface of the side mold locking block is located above the inclined surface of the upper mold locking part, and enters the mold clamping state;

(2) Liquid rise: pressurize the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace through the high-pressure gas source, so that the aluminum liquid rises to the gate position along the liquid riser pipe under pressure. The pressure is increased to 20KPa;

(3) Filling: Continue to increase the pressure, so that the molten aluminum enters the cavity through the gate. The pressure increase speed in the first stage is 0.2KPa/s, and the time is 1.8s, so that the metal melt fills the area shown by the arrow in Figure 4b smoothly. Then enter the second stage and then quickly fill the mold at a boosting speed of 0.66KPa/s until the cavity is full.

(4) Crystallization pressurization and pressure maintenance: After the filling is completed, the pressure is rapidly increased to 150KPa at a boosting speed of 8KPa/, and the pressure is maintained. The hydraulic cylinder drives the hydraulic rod to drive the pressure block to apply a mechanical pressure of 2000KPa to the wheel center position. , the vibration generator drives the vibration rod to vibrate and refine the molten aluminum until the wheel is solidified. During the pressure-holding process, the high-pressure feeding of the hot joint of the rim is applied at the gate, and the possibility of shrinkage porosity at this place is completely eliminated under the feeding of the high-pressure molten aluminum. At the same time, the pressure block pressurizes the metal liquid at the center of the wheel locally, eliminating the possibility of shrinkage and porosity at this place.

(5) Pressure relief and gas release: After the solidification of the aluminum alloy wheel is completed, the gas pressure in the holding furnace is released, so that the unsolidified aluminum liquid from the riser and the runner will flow back to the holding furnace.

(6) Unlock and open the mold, eject the casting, and enter the next production cycle.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technology of the present invention. within the scope of the program.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a mould locking device is used in antigravity casting, its characterized in that, mould locking device is used in antigravity casting includes side form locking portion, goes up mould locking portion and lower mould locking portion, side form locking portion is fixed in on the side form template or the frame of antigravity casting equipment through adapting unit, including locking actuating mechanism, locking force drive mechanism and side form latch segment, be equipped with locking force drive mechanism on the locking force actuating mechanism of locking force drive mechanism, the side form latch segment is connected to locking force drive mechanism, have the inclined plane on the side form latch segment, go up mould locking portion and lower mould locking portion and be equipped with the inclined plane that suits with side form latch segment form.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the locking driving mechanism drives the locking portion of the side mold to move left and right.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the inclined surface of the side mold locking piece is engaged with the inclined surfaces of the upper mold locking portion and the lower mold locking portion in a mold locking state, and the side mold driving mechanism applies a mold locking force to the engaging surface.

4. The mold clamping apparatus for antigravity casting according to claim 3, wherein in the mold clamping state, the inclined surface of the side mold clamping piece is positioned above the inclined surfaces of the upper mold clamping part and the lower mold clamping part.

5. Countergravity casting apparatus with the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The countergravity casting apparatus of claim 5, wherein the countergravity casting apparatus is a low pressure casting apparatus or a counter pressure casting apparatus.

7. The countergravity casting apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a localized pressurization and refinement device comprising a localized pressurization mechanism and a refinement mechanism;

the local pressurization mechanism is arranged in: the counter-gravity casting wheel mould comprises a pressure driving mechanism, a pressure transmission mechanism and a pressure applying mechanism below the position corresponding to the wheel center of the wheel, wherein the pressure applying mechanism is in contact with the metal melt and applies pressure to the metal melt after the mould filling is finished;

the refining mechanism is arranged on the anti-gravity casting wheel mould and above the position corresponding to the wheel center of the wheel, and refines the metal melt in the solidification process.

8. The antigravity casting apparatus of claim 7 wherein the pressure drive mechanism is a hydraulic ram, the pressure transfer mechanism is a hydraulic ram and the pressure applying mechanism is a pressure block.

9. The countergravity casting apparatus of claim 7, wherein the attenuation mechanism is an ultrasonic attenuation mechanism or a vibratory attenuation mechanism.

10. The antigravity casting apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein the antigravity casting apparatus includes a mold having a gate opening in a torus directly below a wheel rim.

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