CN111887946A - Channel establishing device for human tissue - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and discloses a channel establishment device for human tissue, comprising: a sheath tube, a sheath tube handle connected with the proximal end of the sheath tube, a needle core, and a needle core cap connected with the proximal end of the needle core a cover, a dilation tube and a dilation tube cap connected with the proximal end of the dilation tube; the sheath tube handle is provided with a dilation tube through hole communicating with the sheath tube, the dilation tube passes through the dilation tube through hole and is inserted into the sheath tube, and the dilation tube cap The cover is located on the proximal end side of the sheath tube handle; the dilation tube cap is provided with a needle core through hole communicating with the dilation tube, the needle core passes through the needle core through hole and is inserted into the dilation tube, and the needle core cap is located in the dilation tube cap The proximal side of the needle core is tapered, and the distal end of the dilation tube is tapered. The channel establishment device for human tissue of the present invention not only has the function of puncturing, but also can expand the perforation, and can also make the sheath tube directly reach the target position.

Description

A channel establishment device for human tissue

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a channel establishment device for human tissue.

Background technique

The channel establishment device is a tool used in the medical device field to penetrate into the human body and establish a channel at the target point. Among the tools used to establish access to human lungs, the most common is the pulmonary puncture needle.

The structure of the pulmonary puncture needle usually includes a sheath tube, a sheath tube handle arranged at the proximal end of the sheath tube, a needle core inserted in the sheath tube, and a needle core handle arranged at the proximal end of the needle core. Extend the sheath tube, insert the sheath tube into the human body (trachea) through the sheath tube handle until the lesion (target point), and then push the needle core out of the sheath tube through the needle core handle to realize the target tissue. The sheath and the perforation form a channel, and subsequent surgical operations, such as fluid infusion, gas infusion, and the introduction of required instruments, can be performed by using the sheath.

The puncture needle in the prior art only has the function of puncturing, and cannot realize the expansion of the perforation. To expand the perforation, additional expansion tools, such as a balloon catheter, are required, which leads to cumbersome operation steps and increases the difficulty of the operation. Spend.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a channel establishment device for human tissue, which not only has the function of puncturing, but also can expand the perforation, and can also make the sheath tube directly reach the target position.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a channel establishment device for human tissue, comprising: a sheath tube, a sheath tube handle connected with the proximal end of the sheath tube, a needle core, and the needle core a needle core cap connected to the proximal end, a dilation tube, and a dilation tube cap connected to the proximal end of the dilation tube;

The sheath tube handle is provided with a dilation tube through hole communicating with the sheath tube, the dilation tube passes through the dilation tube through hole and is inserted into the sheath tube, and the dilation tube cap is located in the sheath the proximal side of the tube handle;

The expansion tube cap is provided with a needle core through hole communicating with the expansion tube, the needle core passes through the needle core through hole and is inserted into the expansion tube, and the needle core cap is located in the expansion tube. the proximal side of the dilation tube cap;

The needle tip of the needle core is tapered, and the distal end of the dilation tube is tapered.

The channel establishment device for human tissue can expand the perforation after puncturing by adding an expansion tube, which solves the problem that the channel establishment device in the prior art cannot be expanded, and additional instruments are required for expansion and channel establishment. The problem. Specifically, the operator uses the sheath handle to insert the sheath into the human body, and the dilation tube and the needle core are hidden in the sheath until the sheath reaches the lesion. When the needle core is pushed out, the needle core first pierces the human tissue to produce a perforation. At this time, the expansion tube is continued to be pushed, and the perforation is expanded by using the tapered structure at the distal end of the expansion tube until the perforation is opened to a preset size. The needle core and expansion tube can be withdrawn to realize puncture and expansion functions, so that the sheath can directly reach the target position for surgical operations, such as fluid infusion, gas infusion, and access to required instruments.

In a feasible solution, the taper of the dilation tube is the same as the taper of the needle tip of the stylet, and when the stylet cap is abutted against the dilation tube cap, the distal end of the dilation tube is the same as the tip of the stylet. The needle tip is spliced into a smooth-surfaced cone, so as not to damage or clamp human tissue during the expansion process.

In a feasible solution, the distal end of the sheath tube is provided with a tapered chamfer, so that the sheath tube cooperates with the dilation tube to enter the perforation more easily, so as to reach the target point.

In a feasible solution, the chamfer taper of the sheath tube is the same as the taper of the distal end of the dilation tube, and when the dilation tube cap is abutted against the sheath tube handle, the The distal end and the distal end of the dilation tube are spliced into a cone with a smooth surface, so that the human tissue will not be damaged or clamped during the dilation process, so that the sheath tube can also easily reach the target.

In a feasible solution, the sheath tube is a flexible hose, the expansion tube is a flexible hose, the outer diameter of the needle core is larger than the inner diameter of the expansion tube, and the outer diameter of the expansion tube is larger than the outer diameter of the expansion tube. The inner diameter of the sheath tube makes the expansion tube an interference fit with the sheath tube and the needle core respectively, so as to further realize the gap between the sheath tube and the expansion tube, between the expansion tube and the needle core, and optimize the sealing Effect.

In a feasible solution, the sheath tube is provided with a plurality of through holes, so as to avoid the formation of negative pressure between the sheath tube and the dilation tube, and help the dilation tube to move along the sheath tube more easily.

In a feasible solution, the plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sheath tube, so as to improve the pressure relief effect.

In a feasible solution, scale marks are provided on the outer surface of the sheath tube, and the scale marks are used to indicate the insertion depth of the sheath tube under external observation, so as to improve the controllability and precision of the operation.

In a feasible solution, the sheath tube is provided with a prominent mark, and the prominent mark is used to indicate the insertion depth of the sheath tube under a fluoroscopy device, so as to improve the controllability and precision of the operation.

In a feasible solution, the prominent mark includes a metal ring inlaid on the sheath tube, which is used to distinguish the display effects of the sheath tube and the dilation tube.

In a feasible solution, the number of the metal rings is multiple, and the metal rings are arranged at intervals in the form of tick marks, so as to improve the controllability and precision of the operation.

In a feasible solution, the sheath tube is a polyether block polyamide tube, so that the sheath tube has a certain bending ability under the premise of a certain rigidity.

In a feasible solution, the expansion tube is a high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene mixed material) tube to maintain elasticity.

In a feasible solution, the taper of the needle tip of the needle core is 5-8°, which can firstly form a better puncture effect, and can penetrate the lung parenchyma or other tissues sharply and quickly. The length of the needle core is relatively shortened, so that the needle core can be punctured with a shorter forward stroke.

In a feasible solution, the proximal end of the dilation tube cap is provided with an engaging protrusion, and the distal end of the stylet cap is provided with an engaging groove adapted to the engaging protrusion, When the needle core cap moves toward the dilation tube cap, at a predetermined angle, the engaging protrusion is engaged with the engaging groove, so as to realize the needle core cap and the expansion tube. Detachable connection of the cap.

In a feasible solution, the number of the engaging protrusions is two, and the two engaging protrusions are located on the same straight line, the number of the engaging grooves is multiple, and the number of the engaging grooves is multiple. The needle core caps are distributed in the center, and the two opposite engaging grooves are located on the same straight line, so that the angle can be adjusted.

In a feasible solution, the proximal end of the dilation tube cap is provided with internal threads, the distal end of the sheath tube handle is provided with external threads, and the dilation tube cap is threadedly connected to the sheath tube handle to realize the expansion tube. Detachable connection of cap to sheath handle.

In a feasible solution, the sheath tube handle is provided with a flap, and the proximal end of the dilation tube cap is provided with a limit slot adapted to the flap. When the sheath tube handle moves, at a preset angle, the wing plate is embedded in the limit slot, so as to realize the detachable connection between the expansion tube cap and the sheath tube handle.

In a feasible solution, the number of the flaps is two, and the two flaps are located on the same straight line, the number of the limit slots is multiple, and the expansion tube cap is used to cover It is distributed in the center, and the two opposite limit slots are located on the same straight line, so that the angle can be adjusted.

In a feasible solution, a pressing gap is provided between the wing plate and the sheath tube handle, and the wing plate is provided with a rebound force through the pressing gap, and the wing plate and the sheath tube handle are detachable by means of elastic deformation. connect.

In a feasible solution, the expansion tube cap is provided with a snap ring, and the outer surface of the expansion tube is provided with an annular snap groove, so that the expansion tube cap is snap-connected to the expansion tube, In order to realize the connection between the expansion tube and the expansion tube cap.

In a feasible solution, the snap ring includes a plurality of hemispherical protrusions arranged at intervals, so as to increase the connection strength between the expansion tube and the expansion tube cap.

In a feasible solution, the needle core cap is fixedly provided with a rubber mounting pad, the rubber mounting pad is provided with a mounting hole, and the proximal end of the needle core is inserted into the mounting hole, so that the needle core is connected to the mounting hole. The needle core cap is fixedly connected.

In a feasible solution, the proximal end of the needle core is provided with a limit sphere integrally formed with the needle core, and the diameter of the limit sphere is larger than the inner diameter of the installation hole, so as to increase the needle core The strength of the connection to the stylus cap.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the expansion tube cap according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sheath handle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the puncture needle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the dilation tube cap according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the sheath tube handle and the needle core cap according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged view of A place in Fig. 1;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of the sheath handle according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of the dilation tube cap according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

10 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the dilation tube cap according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the expansion tube cap according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the needle core cap according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Marked in the figure:

Sheath tube 1, through hole 11, prominent mark 12

Sheath handle 2, flap 21, squeeze notch 22

Pin core 3, limit ball 31

Stylus cap 4, snap groove 41, rubber mounting pad 42, mounting hole 43

Expansion tube 5, annular groove 51,

The expansion tube cap 6 , the engaging protruding post 61 , the limiting slot 62 , and the engaging protruding ring 63 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the term "proximal end" refers to the end close to the operator, and "distal end" refers to the end away from the operator.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "portrait", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inner, outer, axial, radial, circumferential, etc. is based on the drawings. The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. limit.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , it can also be integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two components or two components. interactions, unless otherwise expressly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

As described in the background of this application, a channel establishment device applied to the lung, such as a puncture needle, generally includes a sheath, a sheath handle disposed at the proximal end of the sheath, a needle core inserted in the sheath, and a The needle core handle at the proximal end of the needle core, when in use, the needle core does not extend out of the sheath first, and the sheath tube is extended into the human body through the sheath tube handle until the lesion is located. At this time, the needle core is removed from the sheath through the needle core handle. The tube is pushed out and the puncture operation is performed. The inventor of the present application found that due to the limitation of the diameter of the puncture needle, the limit of the puncture needle in the prior art is the diameter of the puncture needle, which cannot realize the expansion of large-sized puncture, and only has the function of puncturing. For expansion, additional expansion tools are required. Specifically, a perforation is formed by puncturing the puncture needle first, then the entire puncture needle is taken out, and the dilation tool is used to enter the human body again. The perforation is expanded, and then the sheath is inserted into the human body, and treatment methods such as injection and gas infusion are performed on the lesion using the sheath.

It should be emphasized that the expansion tool used in the prior art is an expansion balloon catheter. Because the inflation balloon is made of a flexible material, the perforation is slowly propped open when the balloon is inflated, without damaging the tissue.

To sum up, the channel establishment method in the prior art has the problems of cumbersome steps and high difficulty in operation.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present application proposes the technical solution of the present application, and the specific embodiments are as follows:

Example 1

A channel establishment device for human tissue, preferably used in the field of pulmonary surgery, as shown in Figures 1-7, comprising: a sheath tube 1, a sheath tube handle 2 connected to the proximal end of the sheath tube 1, a needle core 3 , the needle core cap 4 connected with the proximal end of the needle core 3, the expansion tube 5 and the expansion tube cap 6 connected with the proximal end of the expansion tube 5;

The sheath handle 2 is provided with a dilation tube through hole 24 that communicates with the sheath tube 1 , the dilation tube 5 passes through the dilation tube through hole 24 and is inserted into the sheath tube 1 , and the dilation tube cap 6 is located at the proximal end of the sheath tube handle 2 side;

The expansion tube cap 6 is provided with a needle core through hole 64 that communicates with the expansion tube 5 , the needle core 3 passes through the needle core through hole 64 and is inserted into the expansion tube 5 , and the needle core cap 4 is located in the expansion tube cap 6 . proximal side;

The needle tip of the needle core 3 is tapered, and the distal end of the dilation tube 5 is tapered.

It is not difficult to find from the above content that the channel establishment device for human tissue can expand the perforation after puncturing by adding an expansion tube 5, so as to solve the problem that the channel establishment device in the prior art cannot be expanded. . Specifically, the operator uses the sheath handle 2 to insert the sheath 1 into the human body, and the dilation tube 5 and the needle core 3 are hidden in the sheath 1 until the sheath 1 reaches the lesion. The needle core cap 4 pushes out the expansion tube 5 and the needle core 3. The needle core 3 first punctures the human tissue to produce perforation. At this time, the expansion tube 5 is continuously pushed, and the conical structure at the distal end of the expansion tube 5 is used to pierce the perforation. Dilation is performed until the perforation is opened to the preset size. After that, the needle core 3 and the expansion tube 5 can be withdrawn to realize the puncture and expansion functions, and the sheath tube can reach the target point, and the sheath tube can be left in the body for subsequent follow-up. surgical operations, such as fluid infusion, gas infusion, access to other instruments, etc. Due to the limitation of the diameter of the puncture needle in the prior art, the limit of the perforation size of the channel establishment device is the diameter of the channel establishment device, and the problem that the expansion of large-sized perforations cannot be realized and only has the function of puncturing is solved, thereby simplifying the operation. steps, but also reduces the difficulty of surgery.

Preferably, the taper of the expansion tube 5 is the same as the taper of the needle tip of the needle core 3, and when the needle core cap 4 and the expansion tube cap 6 are in abutment, the distal end of the expansion tube 5 and the needle tip are spliced into a smooth-surfaced cone, and also That is, the distal end of the dilation tube 5 is in close contact with the needle tip, and there is no gap, so that the human tissue will not be damaged or clamped during the dilation process.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 6, the distal end of the sheath tube 1 is provided with a tapered chamfer, and the tip of the tapered chamfer faces the distal end of the sheath tube. If the sheath tube contacts the perforation, the tapered structure can make the sheath tube fit. The dilation tube is easier to enter the perforation to reach the target.

Further, the chamfer taper of the sheath tube 1 is the same as the taper of the distal end of the dilation tube 5, and when the dilation tube cap 6 is abutted against the sheath tube handle 2, the distal end of the sheath tube 1 is spliced with the distal end of the dilation tube 5. It is formed into a cone with a smooth surface, that is, the distal end of the sheath tube 1 closely fits the distal end of the dilation tube 5, and there is no gap, so that the human tissue will not be damaged or clamped during the expansion process, so that the sheath tube can also be easily reach the target.

Preferably, the sheath tube is a flexible hose, the expansion tube is a flexible hose, the outer diameter of the needle core is larger than the inner diameter of the expansion tube, and the outer diameter of the expansion tube is larger than the inner diameter of the sheath tube, so that the expansion tube passes through the sheath tube and the needle core respectively. A tight fit can further realize the gap between the sheath tube and the dilation tube, and between the dilation tube and the needle core, and optimize the sealing effect.

For the material, preferably, the sheath tube is a polyether block polyamide (pebax) tube, so that the sheath tube 1 has a certain bending ability under the premise of a certain rigidity. The expansion tube is a mixed material tube of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) to maintain elasticity.

Preferably, the sheath tube 1 is provided with a plurality of through holes 11 to avoid the formation of negative pressure between the sheath tube 1 and the dilation tube 5 and help the dilation tube 5 move along the sheath tube 1 more easily. For example, when the sheath is inserted into the human trachea, there is mucus on the inner wall of the trachea. If the mucus enters between the sheath and the dilation tube, combined with some air, closed air bubbles will be formed between the sheath and the dilation tube. These bubbles The pressure will affect the movement of the expansion tube in the sheath tube. Through the through hole 11, the expansion tube can bring out mucus or air bubbles when moving, so that the movement of the expansion tube is smoother.

Further, a plurality of through holes 11 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sheath tube 1 to improve the pressure relief effect. On the premise of ensuring the rigidity of the sheath, the number of through holes can be additionally increased, or can also be arranged in an array.

Preferably, the taper of the needle tip of the needle core 3 is 5-8°. First, a better puncture effect can be formed, and it can penetrate the lung parenchyma or other tissues sharply and quickly. Second, the needle core can be relatively shortened in this state. length, so that the needle core has a short forward stroke to achieve puncture.

Preferably, a scale mark is provided on the outer surface of the sheath tube, and the scale mark is used to indicate the insertion depth of the sheath tube under external observation, so as to improve the controllability and accuracy of the operation. It should be noted that the scale marks may start from the distal end of the sheath and extend to the proximal end of the sheath.

Preferably, the sheath tube is provided with a prominent mark, and the prominent mark is used to indicate the insertion depth of the sheath tube under a fluoroscopy device, so as to improve the controllability and accuracy of the operation. The prominent mark can be coated with ink or laser engraved, for example, its function is that, with the aid of CT scanning equipment, the position of the prominent mark can be observed, so as to determine the position of the sheath end, which can then be determined Whether the sheath reaches the lesion.

Preferably, the prominent mark includes a metal ring inlaid on the sheath tube, which is used to distinguish the display effect of the sheath tube and the dilation tube.

Further, the number of metal rings is multiple, and they are arranged at intervals in the form of tick marks. For example, a specific measurement distance between two adjacent metal rings can be set, thereby improving the controllability and accuracy of the operation.

Preferably, the sheath tube handle 2 is provided with a wing plate 21, and the proximal end of the dilation tube cap 6 is provided with a limit slot 62 adapted to the wing plate 21. When the dilation tube cap 6 moves to the sheath tube handle 2, At a predetermined angle, the wing plate 21 is embedded in the limit slot 62 to realize the detachable connection between the dilation tube cap 6 and the sheath tube handle 2 .

Preferably, the number of the flaps 21 is two, and the two flaps 21 are located on the same straight line, and the number of the limit slots 62 is multiple, and the expansion tube caps 6 are distributed in the center, and the two opposite The limit slots 62 are located on the same straight line, so that the angle can be adjusted.

Example 2

8 to 12 are schematic structural diagrams of the device for establishing a channel for human tissue in Example 2 of the present invention. Example 2 is an improvement scheme based on Example 1, and the improvement lies in: the wing plate 21 and the sheath handle 2 There is a squeeze gap 22 between them, and the wing plate 21 is provided with a rebound force through the squeeze gap 22, and the wing plate 21 and the sheath handle 2 are detachably connected by elastic deformation.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 8 , the proximal end of the dilation tube cap 6 is provided with internal threads, the distal end of the sheath tube handle 2 is provided with external threads, and the dilation tube cap 6 is threadedly connected to the sheath tube handle 2 .

Preferably, the proximal end of the dilation tube cap 6 is provided with an engaging protrusion 61 , and the distal end of the needle core cap 4 is provided with an engaging groove 41 adapted to the engaging protrusion 61 . When moving to the dilation tube cap 6 , at a predetermined angle, the engaging protrusions 61 are engaged with the engaging grooves 41 , so as to realize the detachable connection of the needle core cap 4 and the dilation tube cap 6 .

Preferably, the number of the engaging protrusions 61 is two, and the two engaging protrusions 61 are located on the same straight line, the number of the engaging grooves 41 is multiple, and the core caps 4 are scattered and arranged around the center. The two opposite engaging grooves 41 are located on the same straight line, so as to adjust the angle.

Preferably, the expansion tube cap 6 is provided with a snap ring 63, and the outer surface of the expansion tube 5 is provided with an annular snap groove 51, so that the expansion tube cap 6 and the expansion tube 5 are snap-connected, so as to realize the expansion tube 5 and the expansion tube. Connection of cap 6.

Preferably, the snap ring 63 includes a plurality of hemispherical protrusions arranged at intervals, so as to increase the connection strength between the expansion tube 5 and the expansion tube cap 6 . A plurality of hemispherical protrusions arranged at intervals can be dispersedly arranged on the axis line of the expansion cap 6, similar to a petal shape, so that the force exerted by the hemispherical protrusions is more dispersed and uniform, and the connection stability is improved. At the same time, due to the hemispherical convex design, it is easier for the snap ring to enter the annular snap groove 51.

Preferably, the needle core cap 4 is fixedly provided with a rubber mounting pad 42, the rubber mounting pad 42 is provided with a mounting hole 43, and the proximal end of the needle core 3 is inserted into the mounting hole 43, so that the needle core 3 and the needle core cap 4 are fixedly connected. The length of the rubber mounting pad 42 can be designed to be slightly longer to increase the contact area between the rubber mounting pad 42 and the needle body, thereby increasing the frictional force, thereby improving the connection strength between the rubber mounting pad and the needle body.

Preferably, the proximal end of the needle core 3 is provided with a limiting sphere 31 integrally formed with the needle core 3. The diameter of the limiting sphere 31 is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 43, and the elastic deformation ability of the rubber mounting pad 42 can be used to limit the position. The ball 31 is inserted into the mounting hole 43 , and the mounting hole 43 squeezes the limiting ball 31 and generates frictional force, which increases the connection strength between the needle core 3 and the needle core cap 4 .

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Under the premise, the present invention will also have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (24)

1. A channel establishment device for human tissue, characterized in that, comprising: a sheath tube, a sheath tube handle connected with the proximal end of the sheath tube, a needle core, and a needle core cap connected with the proximal end of the needle core a cap, a dilation tube, and a dilation tube cap connected to the proximal end of the dilation tube; The sheath tube handle is provided with a dilation tube through hole communicating with the sheath tube, the dilation tube passes through the dilation tube through hole and is inserted into the sheath tube, and the dilation tube cap is located in the sheath the proximal side of the tube handle; The expansion tube cap is provided with a needle core through hole communicating with the expansion tube, the needle core passes through the needle core through hole and is inserted into the expansion tube, and the needle core cap is located in the expansion tube. the proximal side of the dilation tube cap; The needle tip of the needle core is tapered, and the distal end of the dilation tube is tapered. 2 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the taper of the expansion tube is the same as the taper of the needle tip of the needle core, and between the needle core cap and the expansion tube When the cap is abutted, the distal end of the dilation tube and the needle tip are spliced into a cone with a smooth surface. 3 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 2 , wherein the distal end of the sheath tube is provided with a tapered chamfer. 4 . 4 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 3 , wherein the chamfering taper of the sheath tube is the same as the taper of the distal end of the dilation tube, and the cap of the dilation tube is the same as the dilation tube cap. 5 . When the sheath handle is abutted, the distal end of the sheath and the distal end of the dilation tube are spliced into a cone with a smooth surface. 5 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the sheath tube is a flexible hose, the expansion tube is a flexible hose, and the outer diameter of the needle core is larger than the outer diameter of the needle core. 6 . The inner diameter of the expansion tube, the outer diameter of the expansion tube is larger than the inner diameter of the sheath tube, so that the expansion tube is an interference fit with the sheath tube and the needle core respectively. 6 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the sheath tube is provided with a plurality of through holes. 7 . 7 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 6 , wherein the plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sheath tube. 8 . 8 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the outer surface of the sheath is provided with scale marks, and the scale marks are used to indicate the position of the sheath under external observation. 9 . Insertion depth. 9 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the sheath tube is provided with a prominent mark, and the prominent mark is used to indicate the insertion of the sheath tube under a fluoroscopy device. 10 . depth. 10 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 9 , wherein the prominent mark comprises a metal ring embedded on the sheath. 11 . 11 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 10 , wherein the number of the metal rings is plural, and they are arranged at intervals in a scale line style. 12 . 12 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the sheath tube is a polyether block polyamide tube. 13 . 13 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the expansion tube is a tube of mixed material of high density polyethylene and low density polyethylene. 14 . 14 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the taper of the needle tip of the needle core is 5-8°. 15 . 15. The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1, wherein the proximal end of the dilation tube cap is provided with an engaging protrusion, and the distal end of the needle core cap is provided with When the needle core cap is moved toward the expansion tube cap, the engaging protruding post fits with the engaging recess at a preset angle. Slot snap connection. 16 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 15 , wherein the number of the engaging protrusions is two, and the two engaging protrusions are located on the same straight line, and the The number of the engaging grooves is multiple, and the needle core caps are scattered and arranged at the center, and the two opposite engaging grooves are located on the same straight line. 17 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the proximal end of the expansion tube cap is provided with internal threads, and the distal end of the sheath handle is provided with external threads to expand the The cap cap is threaded to the sheath handle. 18 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the sheath tube handle is provided with a wing plate, and the proximal end of the dilation tube cap is provided with a wing plate adapted to When the expansion tube cap moves toward the sheath tube handle, at a preset angle, the wing plate is embedded in the limit slot. 19 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 18 , wherein the number of the flaps is two, and the two flaps are located on the same straight line, and the limit slot is 19 . The number of the expansion tube caps is multiple, and the expansion tube caps are distributed in the center, and the two opposite limit slots are located on the same straight line. 20 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 19 , wherein a pressing gap is formed between the wing plate and the sheath handle. 21 . 21 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1 , wherein the expansion tube cap is provided with a snap ring, and the outer surface of the expansion tube is provided with an annular snap groove, so that the The expansion tube cap is snap-connected to the expansion tube. 22 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 21 , wherein the engaging convex ring comprises a plurality of hemispherical protrusions arranged at intervals. 23 . 23. The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 1, wherein the needle core cap is fixedly provided with a rubber mounting pad, the rubber mounting pad is provided with a mounting hole, and the needle core is provided with a mounting hole. The proximal end is inserted into the mounting hole, so that the stylus is fixedly connected with the stylus cap. 24 . The channel establishment device for human tissue according to claim 23 , wherein the proximal end of the needle core is provided with a limiting sphere integrally formed with the needle core, and the diameter of the limiting sphere is 24 . larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole.

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