CN111883785B - Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910020676 Co—N Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013153 zeolitic imidazolate framework Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NVLDSCWHEUSPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co++].CO.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [Co++].CO.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NVLDSCWHEUSPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSSJULAPNNGXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Zn] Chemical compound [Co].[Zn] HSSJULAPNNGXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000970 chrono-amperometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001075 voltammogram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- YSWBFLWKAIRHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC=1N=CNC=1C YSWBFLWKAIRHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011865 Pt-based catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- FQMNUIZEFUVPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Co].[Co] FQMNUIZEFUVPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012921 cobalt-based metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004502 linear sweep voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/9083—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/8689—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the method, a drum-shaped zeolite imidazole framework structure synthesized by a double coordination strategy is used as a precursor, and the Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst can be prepared through a simple pyrolysis step. The method has the advantages of simple process, abundant raw material sources and low cost, and the prepared catalyst shows better electrochemical activity, stability and methanol resistance than commercial Pt/C, and has good prospects in cathode oxygen reduction reactions of metal-air batteries and fuel cells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of electro-catalysis, metal-air batteries and fuel cells, in particular to a Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The oxygen reduction reaction ORR is a key reaction in the energy conversion process of metal air batteries and fuel cells. Currently, there are two recognized pathways for ORR reactions: one is a two-step two-electron process (2 e) to generate peroxide–) (ii) a The other is an ideal one-step four-electron process (4 e) for water production desired for metal-air cells and fuel cells–). Although Pt-based catalysts exhibit ideal 4e for ORR–However, the large-scale application of the noble metal Pt is limited by the defects of scarcity, high cost, easy poisoning and the like of the noble metal Pt. Therefore, the development of low-cost and high-performance (high stability and high activity) non-noble metal catalysts has been a research focus in the fields of metal air batteries and fuel cells.
A great deal of research work is focused on the ORR electrocatalyst constructed based on the active sites of the transition metals, and it is found that the transition metal and nitrogen Co-doped carbon catalyst (M-N-C, M stands for Fe, Co, Zn, Ni, etc.) exhibits good ORR activity and durability. Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a new type of porous material made of metal combined with organic ligands, with high specific surface area and adjustable nanoporous structures, atomsDispersed metal sites, excellent designability, etc., and is considered as an ideal precursor for preparing an M-N-C type ORR electrocatalyst. After MOFs are thermally cracked, the product not only keeps the original porous and hollow structure, but also has M-N4The connection is converted into a stable, dense and uniformly distributed M-N-C structure, thereby showing higher ORR electrocatalytic performance. In recent years, many studies have been reported on the synthesis of ORR catalysts from Co-based MOFs as precursors, for example: (1) ACS Catalysis in 2018 reports that Co-based imidazole (Co-ZIFs) is used as a precursor, a nitrogen-doped porous carbon fixed Co monatomic catalyst is constructed by combining pyrolysis and etching, and the catalyst has excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and mechanical flexibility in oxygen reduction and oxygen precipitation reactions; (2) advanced Functional Materials reports that a leaf-shaped cobalt-zinc bimetallic imidazole skeleton precursor is synthesized in one step in 2018, and a cobalt and nitrogen co-doped carbon nanotube catalyst is obtained through high-temperature pyrolysis and shows excellent electrochemical activity and stability in oxygen reduction and oxygen precipitation; (3) 2018 Applied Surface Science reports that polyacrylonitrile-coated cobalt-based imidazole fiber is used as a precursor to synthesize legume-shaped Co/CoOx-N-C catalyst, showing good electrocatalytic effect on ORR; (4) 2019 Chemical Engineering Journal reports that a polystyrene microsphere @ cobalt-based imidazole core-shell structure is synthesized by polystyrene microspheres, cobalt nitrate and dimethyl imidazole, and then a layered Co and N Co-doped carbon nanotube hollow microsphere is prepared by pyrolysis, so that the ORR (organic radio response) performance of the material is effectively improved, and the zinc air battery has 183.8 mW cm–2The power density of (d); (5) journal of the American Chemical Society in 2019 reported the synthesis of a cobalt-iron bimetallic catalyst with high ORR performance based on a cobalt-zinc bimetallic imidazole rhombohedral skeleton. However, the research on designing and synthesizing a drum-shaped zeolite imidazole framework precursor by using benzimidazole and 2-methylimidazole as ligands through a double coordination strategy, preparing a Co-N codoped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst by pyrolysis and applying the Co-N codoped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst to an electro-catalytic oxygen reduction cell and a zinc-air battery is not reported in documents and patents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method has the advantages of simple process, abundant raw material sources and low cost, and the prepared catalyst shows better electrochemical activity, stability and methanol resistance than commercial Pt/C, and has good prospects in cathode oxygen reduction reactions of metal-air batteries and fuel cells.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst is different from the prior art in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) adding 7 mmol of benzimidazole and 40-150 mg of PVP into a container filled with 30 mL of methanol, adding 10 mL of a methanol solution of cobalt nitrate after uniform ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the methanol solution of cobalt nitrate contains 1 mmol of cobalt nitrate, adding 35 mL of a methanol solution of 2-methylimidazole after ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes, adding 1-8 mmol of 2-methylimidazole in the methanol solution of 2-methylimidazole, continuing ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes, then magnetically stirring for 24 hours, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain a blue drum-shaped zeolite imidazole framework precursor, namely D-ZIFs;
2) placing the obtained drum-shaped zeolite imidazole framework D-ZIFs sample in a quartz tube furnace, and performing reaction in a reaction system under the conditions of N2The Co-N codoped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst, namely Co-N-PC, can be prepared by pyrolysis for 3 h at the temperature of 600-1000 ℃ under protectionD。
Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst, namely Co-N-PC prepared by using preparation methodD。
The Co-N codoped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst prepared by the preparation method is applied to the oxygen reduction reaction of the cathode of a metal air battery and a fuel battery.
The technical scheme is that benzimidazole and 2-methylimidazole are used as ligands to synthesize a drum-shaped zeolite imidazole framework structure precursor through a double coordination strategy, and then the drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst Co-doped with Co-N is prepared through pyrolysis.
According to the technical scheme, a drum-shaped zeolite imidazole framework structure synthesized by a double coordination strategy is used as a precursor, and the Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst can be prepared through a simple pyrolysis step.
The method has the advantages of simple process, abundant raw material sources and low cost, and the prepared catalyst shows better electrochemical activity, stability and methanol resistance than commercial Pt/C, and has good prospects in cathode oxygen reduction reactions of metal-air batteries and fuel cells.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation of a Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst in the example;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst prepared in the example;
FIG. 3 is a TEM image of the Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst prepared in example;
FIG. 4 shows Co-N-C prepared in exampleM，Co-N-CBM，Co-N-CB，Co-N-PCDAnd commercial Pt/C catalyst in O2A schematic of linear sweep voltammograms in saturated 0.1M potassium hydroxide solution;
FIG. 5 shows Co-N-PC prepared in exampleDAnd commercial Pt/C catalyst in O2Saturated 0.1M potassium hydroxide solution at 0.3VRHESchematic diagram of the chronoamperometric curve of the methanol resistance test;
FIG. 6 shows Co-N-PC prepared in exampleDAnd commercial Pt/C catalyst in O2Saturated 0.1M potassium hydroxide solution at 0.3VRHEThe lower chronoamperometric curve is shown.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and examples, without however being limited thereto.
Example (b):
referring to FIG. 1, 1) adding 7 mmol of benzimidazole and 40 mg-150 mg of PVP into a container filled with 30 mL of methanol, adding 10 mL of methanol solution of cobalt nitrate after uniform ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the methanol solution of cobalt nitrate contains 1 mmol of cobalt nitrate, adding 35 mL of methanol solution of 2-methylimidazole after ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes, wherein the methanol solution of 2-methylimidazole contains 1 mmol-8 mmol of 2-methylimidazole, continuing ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes, then magnetically stirring for 24 hours, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain a blue drum-shaped zeolite imidazole framework precursor, namely D-ZIFs;
2) placing the obtained drum-shaped zeolite imidazole framework D-ZIFs sample in a quartz tube furnace, and performing reaction in a reaction system under the conditions of N2The Co-N codoped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst, namely Co-N-PC, can be prepared by pyrolysis for 3 h at the temperature of 600-1000 ℃ under protectionD。
Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst, namely Co-N-PC prepared by using preparation methodD。
The Co-N codoped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst prepared by the preparation method is applied to the oxygen reduction reaction of the cathode of a metal air battery and a fuel battery.
For electrochemical performance comparison, Co-N-C was prepared using 2-methylimidazole, benzimidazole and benzimidazole ligands, respectivelyM，Co-N-CBMAnd Co-N-CBA catalyst.
SEM, TEM, STEM and BET test results show that the Co-N Co-doped drum-shaped porous carbon catalyst prepared by the double coordination method has a rough porous structure on the surface and has a higher Co-N-C ratio than that of the Co-N-CM，Co-N-CBMAnd Co-N-CBLarger specific surface area and porosity, and good dispersibility and uniformity of each component in the catalyst prepared according to the bidentate method of the present example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The Co-N-C prepared simultaneously in the example was compared by linear sweep voltammetryM，Co-N-CBM，Co-N-CB，Co-N-PCDAnd electrocatalytic performance of commercial Pt/C on oxygen reduction reaction in 0.1M potassium hydroxide solution, the results show that Co-N-PCDHalf-wave potential (0.886V) and limiting current density (5.65 mA cm) for oxygen reduction reaction-2) Are all obviously superior to the three comparative samples and the commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.876V, 5.2 mA cm)-2) Showing that Co-N-PC prepared according to the bidentate method of this exampleDThe catalysts showed the best electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction in alkaline medium, figure 4 shows the different catalysts in O2Linear sweep voltammograms in saturated 0.1M potassium hydroxide solution.
Methanol resistance and stability were compared by chronoamperometry, and Co-N-PC is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, respectivelyDAnd commercial Pt/C catalyst in O2Saturated 0.1M potassium hydroxide solution at 0.3VRHEThe chronoamperometric curves for the methanol resistance test and the 28800 s stability test were performed and the results show that the current density of commercial Pt/C decreases sharply after the 2M methanol solution was added rapidly at 290 s, while Co-N-PCDThe current density of the prepared Co-N-PC is not obviously changed, which indicates that the prepared Co-N-PCDThe catalyst has excellent methanol resistance, and in addition, after 28800 s chronoamperometry, Co-N-PCDThe current density retention of the catalyst (96.0%) was significantly higher than that of the commercial Pt/C (87.4%), confirming that the Co-N-PC preparedDThe catalyst has excellent electrochemical stability.
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