CN111880306B - Design method of ultra-short-focus objective lens system for micro projection - Google Patents
Design method of ultra-short-focus objective lens system for micro projection Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0012—Optical design, e.g. procedures, algorithms, optimisation routines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
- G02B13/0065—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element having a beam-folding prism or mirror
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0081—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/142—Adjusting of projection optics
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Abstract
The application discloses a design method for miniature projected ultrashort burnt objective system, through light through the speculum reflection back, the angle that reflected light got into the pupil is restrained at a less angular range, make the lens module only need balance less incident angle's visual field light beam just can obtain better image quality, and simultaneously, the free surface through the representation state representation speculum of low order, complexity when having reduced the curve fit, and simultaneously, because the aspheric surface face type of low order is made more easily, therefore, the complexity and the technological requirement of speculum have been reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of projection objective, in particular to a design method of an ultra-short-focus objective system for micro projection.
Background
The existing micro-projection ultra-short focus objective system mainly uses two types of modes: first, the design of the miniature projection objective is carried out by using the transmission-type frame of the "approximate fish-eye system", and the design of the miniature projection objective is carried out by using the transmission-type frame of the "approximate fish-eye system", which is mainly limited by the outermost lens elements, no matter the incident angle of light, the aperture of the lens, and the relative illumination of the marginal field of view are low, which are risks that such systems cannot avoid.
And secondly, the design of the micro projection objective is carried out by using the free-form surface reflection type and transmission type combined system frame, and the design of the micro projection objective is carried out by using the free-form surface reflection type and transmission type combined system frame, which is mainly limited by the manufacture of the free-form surface reflector, so that the free-form surface reflector is difficult to produce in quantity and has poor manufacturability due to the characteristics of strict tolerance requirement and the like. In order to overcome the difficulty in manufacturing a free-form surface mirror, some proposals have been made to use an aspherical reflective system instead of a free-form surface mirror, but such an aspherical mirror often uses a high-power order to balance the aberration of the entire system, so that a relatively excellent final image quality can be achieved, but features such as difficulty in manufacturing a mirror, difficulty in detection, and strict tolerance are repeated.
Therefore, a design method for reducing the complexity and process requirements of the system mirror while ensuring excellent image quality is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a design method of an ultra-short-focus objective system for micro projection, which is used for solving the technical problems of low image quality, high complexity of a reflector and high process requirement of the existing design method of the ultra-short-focus objective system.
In view of the above, the present application provides a method for designing an ultra-short-focus objective system for micro-projection, wherein the ultra-short-focus objective system includes a reflection module and a transmission module, the reflection module includes a mirror, the lens module includes an aperture stop, and the method includes the following steps:
s101: setting a main optical axis, an object plane and an image plane, wherein the central axis of the lens module is coincident with the main optical axis, the object plane and the image plane are arranged on the main optical axis on the same side relative to the lens module, and the reflector is arranged on the other side of the lens module relative to the object plane and the image plane;
s102: the aperture diaphragm is arranged on a main optical axis between the reflector and the image surface, and the pupil surface of the lens module is superposed with the aperture diaphragm;
s103: determining the relative position relationship between the aperture diaphragm and the reflector according to the fact that the included angle between the main optical axis and the connecting line between the boundary end point of the reflector which is farthest relative to the main optical axis and the intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis is smaller than a preset angle, wherein the preset angle is smaller than or equal to 30 degrees;
s104: and determining the surface type parameters of the reflector based on the vector relation between the incident light and the emergent light of the reflector.
Preferably, the mirror surface of the reflector is a free-form surface, and the step S104 specifically includes:
s201: uniformly dividing the object plane into a plurality of units along the radial direction, correspondingly emitting light rays to the free curved surface of the reflector by the divided units, forming a point-to-point mapping relation between the object plane and the free curved surface, and obtaining a discrete point sequence on the free curved surface according to the mapping relation;
s202: limiting a coefficient k of the fitted elliptic conical surface to-1 for the discrete point sequence obtained in the step S201, performing polynomial fitting, and characterizing the fitted discrete points of the free-form surface by an aspheric bus characterization formula, wherein the specific characterization formula is
Wherein c is a curvature, a4And a6Respectively, expressed as a correction factor of order 4 and a correction factor of order 6.
Preferably, the free-form surface is characterized by a parabolic curve.
Preferably, the transmission module further comprises a front lens group and a rear lens group, and the aperture diaphragm is arranged between the front lens group and the rear lens group.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
this application embodiment passes through light through the speculum reflection back, the angle that reflected light got into the pupil is retrained in a less angle within range, be convenient for balance aberration, make the lens module only need balance less incident angle's field of view light just can obtain better image quality, and simultaneously, the free surface through the characterization attitude characterization speculum of low order, the complexity when curve is fitted has been reduced, and simultaneously, because the aspheric surface type of low order is made more easily, therefore, the complexity and the technological requirement of speculum have been reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a design method of an ultra-short-focus objective system for micro projection according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a design principle of an ultra-short-focus objective system in a design method of an ultra-short-focus objective system for micro projection according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
To facilitate understanding, please refer to fig. 1, which illustrates a design method of an ultra-short-focus objective system for micro-projection, the ultra-short-focus objective system includes a reflective module and a transmissive module, the reflective module includes a mirror, the lens module includes an aperture stop, and the design method includes the following steps:
s101: setting a main optical axis, an object plane and an image plane, wherein the central axis of the lens module is coincident with the main optical axis, the object plane and the image plane are arranged on the main optical axis at the same side of the lens module, and the reflector is arranged at the other side of the lens module opposite to the object plane and the image plane;
s102: an aperture diaphragm is arranged on a main optical axis between the reflector and the image surface, and the position of a pupil surface of the lens module is superposed with that of the aperture diaphragm;
s103: determining the relative position relationship between the aperture diaphragm and the reflector according to the fact that the included angle between the main optical axis and the connecting line between the farthest boundary end point of the reflector relative to the main optical axis and the intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis is smaller than a preset angle, wherein the preset angle is smaller than or equal to 30 degrees;
it should be noted that, in step S103, a constraint condition may be set on the angle of the entrance pupil, that is, the angle of the light entering the pupil is constrained within a smaller angle range, and the preferred scheme is less than or equal to 30 °, so that the lens module only needs to balance the field beam with a smaller entrance angle to obtain a better image quality, which can ensure that a better image quality is obtained and reduce the implementation difficulty of the system. In addition, if the reflector restrains the light entering the pupil to be more than 30 degrees, the field angle of the lens module can be increased to meet the requirement of energy collection of the light beam passing through the reflector.
S104: and determining the surface type parameters of the reflector based on the vector relation between the incident light and the emergent light of the reflector.
Further, the mirror surface of the reflector is a free-form surface, and step S104 specifically includes:
s201: uniformly dividing an object plane into a plurality of units along the radial direction, correspondingly emitting light to the free-form surface of the reflector by the divided units, forming a point-to-point mapping relation between the object plane and the free-form surface, and obtaining a discrete point sequence on the free-form surface according to the mapping relation;
s202: limiting the discrete point sequence obtained in the step S201 to fit into an elliptic conical surface coefficient k-1, performing polynomial fitting, and characterizing the discrete points of the fitted free-form surface by an aspheric bus characterization formula, wherein the specific characterization formula is
Wherein c is a curvature, a4And a6Expressed as correction factor of order 4 and correction factor of order 6, r is the radius of curvature.
As shown in fig. 2, the specific procedure of steps S201 to S202 is described below.
S301: establishing a two-dimensional coordinate system by taking an intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis as an origin, taking the main optical axis as an x axis, and taking a straight line which is perpendicular to the main optical axis and is formed by the intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis as a y axis;
s302: and dividing the object plane into i units along the radial direction, wherein i is more than or equal to 10, dividing points are arranged on the divided units at equal intervals, and a dividing point set O is formed, wherein O is 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, O (O is more than 10), and the coordinates of the uniform dividing points satisfy the relation: y is3O+1-y3O＝y3O+2-y3O+1；x3O＝x31(ii) a The known condition of a free-form surface mirror is x21＝A，y21＝0；y3max＝B,y31＝0；x31And C, wherein A is the length from the intersection point of the reflecting mirror on the optical axis to the pupil, and is generally 1/3-1/2 of the total working length of the objective system, B is the height of the object plane, and C is the length from the intersection point of the reflecting mirror on the main optical axis to the object plane.
S303: the divided units correspondingly emit light rays to the free curved surface of the reflector, and the light rays are reflected by the reflector to enter the aperture diaphragm so as to obtain an included angle alpha between a connecting line between the farthest boundary end point of the reflector relative to the main optical axis and the intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis and the main optical axismax30 °; angle alpha between reflected light and main optical axisi＝αi+1(i.gtoreq.10); mirror adjacent (x)2n,y2n) And (x)2n+1,y2n+1) (n ≦ i) normal direction of two-point connection line and from object plane (x)3n,y3n) The normal directions of the light rays are consistent when the light rays are subjected to the mirror reflection action, and a point-to-point mapping relation is formed between the object plane and the free curved surface, wherein the specific mapping relation is that the dividing point of the object plane is set to be Si (x)3i,y3i) The point on the mirror is Pi (x)2i,y2i) And the origin O (0,0) has the relation (1):
in the relation (1) above, the first,
is composed of
Carrying out normalization processing on the vector to obtain a coordinate;
and for discrete points on the mirror surface there is a relation (2):
at the same time, the user can select the desired position,
y2i+1＝tan(αi+1)×x2i+1 (3)
from the above-mentioned relations (1) to (3), x can be solved2i+1And x2i，αi+1，αi，x3iAnd y3iTo find y2i+1Then, an iterative process is performed, and the information about P (x) can be obtainedi,yi) The coordinate points are discrete point sequences on the free-form surface;
s304: in general, in the polynomial fitting process of the free-form surface, P (x) is usedi,yi) Characterized by f (x) a1x1+a2x2+a3x3+···+anxn(n is more than or equal to 1) and the aspheric generatrix is characterized by the formula
While in this example, the sequence of discrete points P (x)i,yi) Defining the coefficient k of the quasi-synthetic elliptic conic surface as-1, and retaining a4And a6The correction factor of two orders is subjected to polynomial fitting, so that the discrete points of the free curved surface can be represented by a generatrix representation formula of the aspheric surface
Wherein c is a curvature, a4And a6Respectively expressed as a 4 th order correction factor and a 6 th order correction factor, and k is a surface coefficient.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the correction factors of the 4 th order and the 6 th order are not limited.
Further, the free-form surface is characterized as a parabolic curve.
Further, the transmission module further comprises a front lens group and a rear lens group, and the aperture diaphragm is arranged between the front lens group and the rear lens group.
It should be noted that the front lens set and the rear lens set include, but are not limited to, a plurality of spherical lenses, aspheric lenses, double-cemented lenses and triple-cemented lenses.
In this embodiment, light has passed through the speculum reflection back, the angle that reflected light got into the pupil is retrained in a less angle range, be convenient for balance aberration, make the lens module only need balance less incident angle's field of view light just can obtain better image quality, and simultaneously, the free surface through the representation state representation speculum of low order, the complexity when curve is fit has been reduced, and simultaneously, because the aspheric surface type of low order is made more easily, therefore, the complexity and the technological requirement of speculum have been reduced.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. A design method of an ultra-short-focus objective system for miniature projection is characterized in that the ultra-short-focus objective system comprises a reflection module and a transmission module, the reflection module comprises a reflector, the lens module comprises an aperture diaphragm, and the design method comprises the following steps:
s101: setting a main optical axis, an object plane and an image plane, wherein the central axis of the lens module is coincident with the main optical axis, the object plane and the image plane are arranged on the main optical axis on the same side relative to the lens module, and the reflector is arranged on the other side of the lens module relative to the object plane and the image plane;
s102: the aperture diaphragm is arranged on a main optical axis between the reflector and the image surface, and the pupil surface of the lens module is superposed with the aperture diaphragm;
s103: determining the relative position relationship between the aperture diaphragm and the reflector according to the fact that the included angle between the main optical axis and the connecting line between the boundary end point of the reflector which is farthest relative to the main optical axis and the intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis is smaller than a preset angle, wherein the preset angle is smaller than or equal to 30 degrees;
s104: determining the surface type parameters of the reflector based on the vector relation between the incident light and the emergent light of the reflector;
the step S104 specifically includes:
s201: uniformly dividing the object plane into a plurality of units along the radial direction, correspondingly emitting light rays to the free curved surface of the reflector by the divided units, forming a point-to-point mapping relation between the object plane and the free curved surface, and obtaining a discrete point sequence on the free curved surface according to the mapping relation;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s301: establishing a two-dimensional coordinate system by taking an intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis as an origin, taking the main optical axis as an x axis, and taking a straight line which is perpendicular to the main optical axis and is formed by the intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis as a y axis;
s302: and dividing the object plane into i units along the radial direction, wherein i is more than or equal to 10, dividing points are arranged on the divided units at equal intervals, and a dividing point set O is formed, wherein O is 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, O (O is more than 10), and the coordinates of the uniform dividing points satisfy the relation: y is3O+1-y3O＝y3O+2-y3O+1；x3O＝x31(ii) a The known condition of a free-form surface mirror is x21＝A，y21＝0；y3max＝B,y31＝0；x31C, wherein a is the length from the pupil of the intersection point of the reflector on the optical axis, B is the height of the object plane, and C is the length from the object plane of the intersection point of the reflector on the main optical axis;
s303: the divided units correspondingly emit light rays to the free curved surface of the reflector, and the light rays are reflected by the reflector to enter the aperture diaphragm so as to obtain an included angle alpha between a connecting line between the farthest boundary end point of the reflector relative to the main optical axis and the intersection point of the aperture diaphragm relative to the main optical axis and the main optical axismax30 °; angle alpha between reflected light and main optical axisi＝αi+1(i.gtoreq.10); mirror adjacent (x)2n,y2n) And (x)2n+1,y2n+1) (n ≦ i) normal direction of two-point connection line and from object plane (x)3n,y3n) The normal directions of the light rays are consistent when the light rays are subjected to the mirror reflection action, and a point-to-point mapping relation is formed between the object plane and the free curved surface, wherein the specific mapping relation is that the dividing point of the object plane is set to be Si (x)3i,y3i) The point on the mirror is Pi (x)2i,y2i) And the origin O (0,0) has the relation (1):
in the relation (1) above, the first,
is composed of
Carrying out normalization processing on the vector to obtain a coordinate;
and for discrete points on the mirror surface there is a relation (2):
at the same time, the user can select the required time,
y2i+1＝tan(αi+1)×x2i+1 (3)
the above-mentioned relational expressions (1) to (3) solve the problem about x2i+1And x2i，αi+1And alphai，x3iAnd y3iTo find y2i+1Then, an iterative process is performed, and the information about P (x) can be obtainedi,yi) Thereby obtaining a sequence of discrete points on the free-form surface;
s202: for the distance obtained in the step S201The scattered point sequence limits the coefficient k of the fitted elliptic conical surface to be-1, polynomial fitting is carried out, the scattered points of the fitted free-form surface are represented by an aspheric bus representation formula, and the specific representation formula is
Wherein c is curvature, a4And a6Respectively, expressed as a correction factor of order 4 and a correction factor of order 6.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the free-form surface is characterized by a parabolic curve.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission module further comprises a front lens set and a rear lens set, and the aperture stop is disposed between the front lens set and the rear lens set.
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