CN111880097B - Three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault detection method for train traction motor - Google Patents
Three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault detection method for train traction motor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting three-phase symmetrical short-circuit faults of a train traction motor, which comprises the following steps: acquiring real-time flux linkage data and a real-time d-axis inductance value of a motor, and calculating to obtain a real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value; obtaining first time range data according to the motor stator current frequency and a first time coefficient, and obtaining a peak value quantity threshold value through the first time range data, the motor stator current fundamental wave period and a second time coefficient; obtaining a temperature difference value threshold according to the first time range data, the back electromotive force value, the stator resistance value and the heat dissipation coefficient; acquiring second real-time stator temperature values of other motors to obtain an average stator temperature value; obtaining a first temperature difference value according to a first real-time stator temperature value and an average stator temperature value of the motor; and in the first time range, outputting motor three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault information when the number of times that the motor phase current peak value is larger than the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value exceeds the peak value number threshold value and the first temperature difference value exceeds the temperature difference value threshold value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of train fault detection, in particular to a method for detecting a three-phase symmetrical short circuit fault of a train traction motor.
Background
In a track traction transmission system, a permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely paid attention to at home and abroad due to the advantages of high efficiency, high power density, low noise and the like. The traction system adopts the permanent magnet synchronous motor, so that the energy consumption and the noise level of the system can be effectively reduced, the daily maintenance work of the motor is reduced, the concept of building a green urban traffic system is met, and the system becomes the development direction of the next generation of rail traffic.
Meanwhile, compared with the traditional asynchronous traction motor, the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor has some defects and particularities, for example, the permanent magnet synchronous motor is excited by a permanent magnet and cannot be turned off, and counter potential can be generated as long as the motor rotates. When the motor is in three-phase symmetrical short circuit, the counter potential of the motor can generate high short circuit current, so that the permanent magnet is in loss of magnetism; meanwhile, larger back electromotive force acts on the motor stator resistor to enable the temperature of the motor to rise rapidly, if the three-phase short circuit fault is not detected and diagnosed in time, the motor is likely to be in a shaft locking phenomenon when serious, and the normal operation of the motor is affected.
In this regard, some researchers have proposed some detection and diagnosis methods, specifically as follows:
the CN103487718B patent uses the amplitude of the zero sequence voltage and the third harmonic thereof to determine whether a motor turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs. The patent needs to adopt the calculated voltage and third harmonic through the motor, the judgment logic is complex, the engineering realization is not suitable, meanwhile, the actual operation condition of the traction system is complex, and the accuracy of the calculation result is greatly influenced.
The patent CN104007358B adopts the simulation to simulate the actual operation working condition of the permanent magnet synchronous motor to obtain a short circuit fault threshold under the working condition, and then judges with the actual current of the system to determine whether the short circuit fault occurs.
According to the method, the actual operation condition is simulated through simulation, the accuracy of fault diagnosis is very dependent on the accuracy of a simulation model, meanwhile, the current characteristics of different short-circuit faults of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are different, and specific analysis is required for specific faults.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides a method for detecting three-phase symmetrical short-circuit faults of a train traction motor, and provides a method for detecting three-phase symmetrical short-circuit faults of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is suitable for a train of a permanent magnet synchronous traction system, based on theoretical analysis of a mathematical model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and combined with an actual test result of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, so as to ensure safe and reliable operation of the train of the permanent magnet synchronous traction system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a method for detecting a three-phase symmetrical short circuit fault of a traction motor of a train, comprising the following steps:
acquiring real-time flux linkage data and a real-time d-axis inductance value of a motor;
performing real-time threshold processing according to the real-time flux linkage data, the real-time d-axis inductance value and a preset short-circuit current threshold parameter to obtain a real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold;
performing time range calculation according to the stator current frequency of the motor and a preset first time coefficient to obtain first time range data;
carrying out peak value number processing according to the first time range data, the stator current fundamental wave period of the motor and a preset second time coefficient to obtain a peak value number threshold;
performing temperature difference processing according to the first time range data, the counter electromotive force value of the motor, the stator resistance value of the motor and a preset heat dissipation coefficient to obtain a temperature difference threshold;
acquiring a first real-time stator temperature value of the motor and second real-time stator temperature values of other n motors on the train; average value processing is carried out according to the second real-time stator temperature values of the other n motors, so that an average stator temperature value is obtained;
performing difference processing according to a first real-time stator temperature value of the motor and the average stator temperature value to obtain a first temperature difference value;
and outputting the motor three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault information when the number of times that the current phase current peak value of the motor is larger than the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value exceeds the peak value number threshold value and the first temperature difference value exceeds the temperature difference value threshold value in the first time range data.
Preferably, before the acquiring the real-time flux linkage data and the real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor, the method further includes:
acquiring a first corresponding relation and a second corresponding relation of the motor; the first corresponding relation is a corresponding relation between flux linkage data of the motor and a stator temperature value, an output torque value and an output rotating speed value of the motor; the second corresponding relation is a corresponding relation between the d-axis inductance value of the motor and the stator temperature value, the output torque value and the output rotating speed value of the motor.
Further preferably, the acquiring the real-time flux linkage data and the real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor specifically includes:
calculating a first corresponding relation according to a current first real-time stator temperature value, a real-time output torque value and a real-time output rotating speed value of the motor to obtain real-time flux linkage data of the motor;
and performing second corresponding relation calculation according to the current first real-time stator temperature value, the real-time output torque value and the real-time output rotating speed value of the motor to obtain a real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor.
Preferably, the performing real-time threshold processing according to the real-time flux linkage data, the real-time d-axis inductance value and a preset short-circuit current threshold parameter to obtain a real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold specifically includes:
according to the formula
And obtaining a real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value, wherein Ic (t) is the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value, phi (t) is real-time flux linkage data of the motor, ld (t) is a real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor, K is a preset short-circuit current threshold value parameter, and the value range of the short-circuit current threshold value parameter is 0.9-1.
Preferably, the calculating the time range according to the stator current frequency of the motor and a preset first time coefficient, and the obtaining the first time range data specifically includes:
according to the formula
And obtaining first time range data, wherein T0 is the first time range data, f is a stator current frequency value of the motor, A is a preset first time coefficient, and the value range of the first time coefficient is 500-1000.
Preferably, the peak value number processing is performed according to the first time range data, the stator current fundamental wave period of the motor and a preset second time coefficient, and the peak value number threshold value is specifically:
according to the formula
And obtaining a peak value number threshold value, wherein m is the peak value number threshold value, T0 is the first time range data, ts is the stator current fundamental wave period of the motor, A1 is a preset second time coefficient, and the value range of the second time coefficient is 200-300.
Preferably, the temperature difference processing is performed according to the first time range data, the back electromotive force value of the motor, the stator resistance value of the motor and a preset heat dissipation coefficient, and the obtained temperature difference threshold value is specifically:
according to the formula
And obtaining a temperature difference threshold, wherein Q is the temperature difference threshold, B is a preset heat dissipation coefficient, T0 is the first time range data, E is a counter electromotive force value of the motor, and Rs is a stator resistance value of the motor.
According to the method for detecting the three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault of the train traction motor, the real-time flux linkage data and the real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor are obtained, and the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value is obtained according to the preset short-circuit current threshold value parameter; obtaining first time range data according to stator current frequency of a motor and a preset first time coefficient; and determining whether the current motor has three-phase symmetrical short-circuit faults or not by judging whether the difference value between the first real-time stator temperature value of the motor and the average stator temperature value of other motors exceeds a temperature difference threshold value or not and judging the number of times that the phase current peak value of the current motor is larger than the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value in the first time range data. The detection method provided by the invention is suitable for detecting the three-phase symmetrical short-circuit faults of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the permanent magnet synchronous traction train, and can ensure the safe and reliable operation of the permanent magnet synchronous traction train.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault of a traction motor of a train according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a method for detecting a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault of a traction motor of a train. And judging whether the current motor to be detected has a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault or not by comparing the phase current peak value of the motor to be detected with the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value and judging the difference value of the first real-time stator temperature value of the motor to be detected and the average stator temperature value of other motors.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault of a traction motor of a train according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the train traction system carries out first corresponding relation calculation by testing a first real-time stator temperature value, a real-time output torque value and a real-time output rotating speed value of a detected motor in real time to obtain real-time flux linkage data of the motor;
the train traction system further carries out second corresponding relation calculation by testing the temperature value of the first real-time stator, the real-time output torque value and the real-time output rotating speed value of the detected motor in real time, and a real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor is obtained.
Thus, prior to step 101, the present invention may further comprise the steps of:
in normal operation of the train, the train traction system obtains a first corresponding relation and a second corresponding relation through an online parameter identification test by a model parameter self-adaption method.
Specifically, the first correspondence is a correspondence between flux linkage data phi of the motor and a stator temperature value T, an output torque value Te and an output rotation speed value v of the motor, a function of the first correspondence is f1 obtained through a model parameter identification test, and the first correspondence of flux linkage data phi of the motor is calculated by a formula: phi=f1 (T, te, v).
The second corresponding relation is a corresponding relation between a d-axis inductance value Ld of the motor and a stator temperature value T, an output torque value Te and an output rotating speed value v of the motor, a function f2 of the second corresponding relation is obtained through a model parameter identification test, and the second corresponding relation of the d-axis inductance value Ld of the motor is calculated by using a formula: ld=f2 (T, te, v).
Based on the first corresponding relation and the second corresponding relation obtained through model parameter identification, the real-time flux linkage data phi (T) and the real-time d-axis inductance value Ld (T) of the motor can be obtained by testing the first real-time stator temperature value T (T), the real-time output torque value Te (T) and the real-time output rotation speed value v (T) of the detected motor in real time, and the calculation formulas are respectively as follows: phi (T) =f1 [ T (T), te (T), v (T) ] and Ld (T) =f2 [ T (T), te (T), v (T) ].
102, performing threshold processing according to real-time flux linkage data, a real-time d-axis inductance value and a preset short-circuit current threshold parameter to obtain a real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold;
according to the real-time flux linkage data phi (t), the real-time d-axis inductance value Ld (t) and the preset short-circuit current threshold parameter K calculated in the step 101, a real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold lc (t) of the motor is calculated, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, the preset short-circuit current threshold parameter K is takenThe value is generally 0.9 to 1.
in order to detect a three-phase symmetrical short circuit fault of a motor, a time range is determined, then data in the time range is calculated, specifically, the first time range data T0 is determined by a stator frequency f of the motor and a preset first time coefficient a, and a specific calculation formula is as follows:
the value range of the preset first time coefficient A is generally 500-1000.
104, carrying out peak value number processing according to the first time range data, the stator current fundamental wave period of the motor and a preset second time coefficient to obtain a peak value number threshold;
according to the first time range data T0 calculated in step 103, peak value number processing is performed by combining the stator current fundamental wave period Ts of the detected motor and a preset second time coefficient A1, so as to obtain a peak value number threshold value m, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, the value range of A1 is 200-300, and the peak value number threshold m is used for detecting the times that the phase current peak value ls (T) of the motor is larger than the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold lc (T) in the first time range data T0.
according to the first time range data T0 calculated in step 103, temperature difference processing is performed by combining the back electromotive force E of the motor, the stator resistance value Rs of the motor and the preset heat dissipation coefficient B, which are obtained by looking up a table according to motor parameters, so as to obtain a temperature difference threshold Q, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
the heat dissipation coefficient B is obtained by an actual test. />
the first real-time stator temperature value T (T) of the detected motor is obtained through measurement, the second real-time stator temperature values of other motors on the train are required to be measured besides the first real-time stator temperature value T (T) of the detected motor, and the second real-time stator temperature values of other n motors are assumed to be obtained through measurement respectively: t1 (T), T2 (T), … Tn (T), then the average stator temperature value Tav (T) of the other n motors can be obtained by averaging:
Tav(t)＝∑[T1(t),T2(t),…Tn(t)]/n
then, performing difference processing according to a first real-time stator temperature value T (T) of the detected motor and an average stator temperature value Tav (T) of other n motors to obtain a first temperature difference value Tc (T), wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows: tc (T) =t (T) -Tav (T).
And 107, outputting motor three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault information when the number of times that the current motor phase current peak value is larger than the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value exceeds the peak value number threshold value and the first temperature difference value exceeds the temperature difference value threshold value in the first time range data.
The train traction system carries out three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault detection on the detected motor according to the first time range data T0, the phase current peak value ls (T) of the detected motor, the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold lc (T), the peak value number threshold m, the first temperature difference Tc (T) and the temperature difference threshold Q, which are obtained through processing in the steps 101 to 106, and the specific judging method is as follows:
in the first time range data T0, when the number of times that the phase current peak ls (T) of the detected motor is larger than the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold lc (T) exceeds the peak number threshold m and the first temperature difference Tc (T) exceeds the temperature difference threshold Q, the detected motor is considered to have a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault, and the train traction system outputs alarm information of the three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault of the detected motor.
The invention provides a method for detecting three-phase symmetrical short-circuit faults of a traction motor of a train. And judging whether the current motor to be detected has a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault or not by comparing the phase current peak value of the motor to be detected with the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value and judging the difference value of the first real-time stator temperature value of the motor to be detected and the average stator temperature value of other motors.
Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention is a novel three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault detection method for the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor of the train, does not need simulation and calculation of a complex model, is very suitable for the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor of the railway vehicle, considers the complex operation working condition of the train and the high-voltage and high-power characteristics of the traction motor, is easy to realize, has high fault recognition precision, can not cause false triggering, can ensure safe and stable operation of the train, and can not cause the problem of stopping operation of the train due to false triggering of the fault.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative elements and steps are described above generally in terms of function in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may be disposed in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for detecting a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault of a traction motor of a train, the method comprising:
acquiring real-time flux linkage data and a real-time d-axis inductance value of a motor;
performing real-time threshold processing according to the real-time flux linkage data, the real-time d-axis inductance value and a preset short-circuit current threshold parameter to obtain a real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold;
performing time range calculation according to the stator current frequency of the motor and a preset first time coefficient to obtain first time range data;
carrying out peak value number processing according to the first time range data, the stator current fundamental wave period of the motor and a preset second time coefficient to obtain a peak value number threshold;
performing temperature difference processing according to the first time range data, the counter electromotive force value of the motor, the stator resistance value of the motor and a preset heat dissipation coefficient to obtain a temperature difference threshold;
acquiring a first real-time stator temperature value of the motor and second real-time stator temperature values of other n motors on the train; average value processing is carried out according to the second real-time stator temperature values of the other n motors, so that an average stator temperature value is obtained;
performing difference processing according to a first real-time stator temperature value of the motor and the average stator temperature value to obtain a first temperature difference value;
outputting three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault information of the motor when the number of times that a current phase current peak value of the motor is larger than the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold exceeds the peak value number threshold and the first temperature difference exceeds the temperature difference threshold in the first time range data;
the real-time threshold processing is performed according to the real-time flux linkage data, the real-time d-axis inductance value and the preset short-circuit current threshold parameter, and the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold is obtained specifically as follows:
according to the formula
Obtaining a real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value, wherein lc (t) is the real-time three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current threshold value, < ->
Ld (t) is a real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor, K is a preset short-circuit current threshold parameter, and the value range of the short-circuit current threshold parameter is 0.9-1;
the time range calculation is performed according to the stator current frequency of the motor and a preset first time coefficient, and the first time range data is obtained specifically as follows:
according to the formula
Obtaining first time range data, wherein T0 is the first time range data, and f is theThe stator current frequency value A of the motor is a preset first time coefficient, and the value range of the first time coefficient is 500-1000;
the peak value number processing is performed according to the first time range data, the stator current fundamental wave period of the motor and a preset second time coefficient, and the peak value number threshold value is obtained specifically as follows:
according to the formula
Obtaining a peak value number threshold value, wherein m is the peak value number threshold value, T0 is the first time range data, ts is the stator current fundamental wave period of the motor, A1 is a preset second time coefficient, and the value range of the second time coefficient is 200-300;
and performing temperature difference processing according to the first time range data, the counter electromotive force value of the motor, the stator resistance value of the motor and a preset heat dissipation coefficient, wherein the obtained temperature difference threshold is specifically:
according to the formula
And obtaining a temperature difference threshold, wherein Q is the temperature difference threshold, B is a preset heat dissipation coefficient, T0 is the first time range data, E is a counter electromotive force value of the motor, and Rs is a stator resistance value of the motor.
2. The method for detecting a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault of a traction motor of a train according to claim 1, wherein before the acquiring the real-time flux linkage data and the real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor, the method further comprises:
acquiring a first corresponding relation and a second corresponding relation of the motor; the first corresponding relation is a corresponding relation between flux linkage data of the motor and a stator temperature value, an output torque value and an output rotating speed value of the motor; the second corresponding relation is a corresponding relation between the d-axis inductance value of the motor and the stator temperature value, the output torque value and the output rotating speed value of the motor.
3. The method for detecting a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault of a traction motor of a train according to claim 2, wherein the acquiring the real-time flux linkage data and the real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor is specifically as follows:
calculating a first corresponding relation according to a current first real-time stator temperature value, a real-time output torque value and a real-time output rotating speed value of the motor to obtain real-time flux linkage data of the motor;
and performing second corresponding relation calculation according to the current first real-time stator temperature value, the real-time output torque value and the real-time output rotating speed value of the motor to obtain a real-time d-axis inductance value of the motor.
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| CN115993532B (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-07-21 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司检修试验分公司 | Short-circuit current-rising characteristic test method and device for generator |
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