CN111878055A - Control system and control method for drilling speed of drill bit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a control system and a control method for the drilling rate of a drill bit. The control method includes: the control method includes: receiving surface engineering parameters of surface engineering equipment; receiving downhole information of a target well during the drilling process of the drill bit, the The downhole information includes: near-bit engineering parameters and environmental characteristic parameters; the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information are input into a comprehensive data processing device, and the comprehensive data processing device inputs the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into optimization model and obtain downhole decision parameters and surface decision parameters; adjust the surface engineering equipment according to the surface decision parameters, and adjust the surface engineering parameters to the surface decision parameters; adjust the drill bit according to the downhole decision parameters, and adjust the drill bit working parameters Adjusted to the downhole decision parameters. In the present application, the drilling speed of the drill bit can be effectively controlled by adjusting the ground engineering parameters and the working parameters of the drill bit at the same time.

Description

Control system and control method for drilling speed of drill bit

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a control system and a control method for the drilling speed of a drill bit.

Background technique

The descriptions in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and do not constitute prior art.

With the global energy shortage, oil and natural gas resources have become the energy resources that countries are generally competing for, and all countries are stepping up the exploration and development of oil and gas. Drilling is one of the most critical links in the process of oil and gas exploration and development. During the drilling process, it is necessary to effectively control the surface engineering parameters that affect the drilling speed, so that the drilling speed of the drill bit can be reasonably controlled, and the operation time can be effectively reduced. job cost.

In the prior art, the downhole working condition is usually judged according to a mud pulse signal carrying information about the near-bit working condition (eg, WOB, torque, bottom-hole pressure, etc.) near the bit. Then rely on the experience of the driller to operate the ground engineering equipment to achieve the purpose of controlling the drilling speed of the drill bit. However, this method cannot achieve real-time control, so that the drilling speed of the drill bit cannot be controlled in time. If the drilling speed is not reasonably controlled, it will lead to the instability of the wellbore, the deviation of the wellbore trajectory, and the low drilling efficiency, which will seriously lead to The collapse of the well wall makes the well scrapped and causes huge economic losses.

It should be noted that the above description of the technical background is only for the convenience of clearly and completely describing the technical solutions of the present invention and facilitating the understanding of those skilled in the art. It should not be assumed that the above-mentioned technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art simply because these solutions are described in the background section of the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a control system and a control method for the drilling speed of the drill bit, so that the drilling speed of the drill bit can be effectively controlled.

To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided by the application are as follows:

A control system for drilling speed of a drill bit, the control system comprises:

ground engineering equipment;

a ground detection mechanism for measuring the ground engineering parameters of the ground engineering equipment;

A ground equipment control mechanism for adjusting ground engineering parameters, wherein the ground engineering parameters include one or more of hook suspension, mud pump pressure, rotary speed, and mud displacement;

The drill bit set in the target well;

Drill bit control mechanism for adjusting drill bit working parameters;

a downhole measurement mechanism arranged under the target well, the downhole measurement mechanism is used to collect downhole information, and the downhole information includes near-bit engineering parameters and environmental characteristic parameters;

a downhole auxiliary mechanism disposed under the target well, the downhole auxiliary mechanism is electrically connected with the downhole measurement mechanism, and the downhole auxiliary mechanism is used for compressing the downhole information to obtain downhole compression information;

Comprehensive data processing equipment, including: a comprehensive data acquisition mechanism for acquiring the downhole compression information and the surface engineering parameters, the comprehensive data processing equipment can establish the surface equipment according to the downhole information and the surface engineering parameters A first feedback loop between the control mechanism and the surface detection mechanism; the integrated data processing device can establish a second feedback loop between the downhole measurement mechanism and the drill bit control mechanism through the downhole auxiliary mechanism.

As a preferred embodiment, both the downhole measurement mechanism and the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism include: a pulse module for generating and receiving mud pulse signals, and the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism and the downhole measurement mechanism pass the mud pulse Signals transmit information.

As a preferred embodiment, the integrated data processing device further includes:

A comprehensive learning module electrically connected with the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism, the comprehensive learning module includes: a downhole information decompression unit for decompressing the downhole compressed information; a deep learning unit, the deep learning unit The acquired surface engineering parameters and the downhole information can be input into the optimization model, and the downhole decision parameters and the surface decision parameters can be obtained; the downhole decision information compression unit, the downhole decision signal compression unit is used for the downhole decision-making The parameters are compressed to obtain downhole decision-making compression information;

a comprehensive decision control module, which can send the ground decision parameters to the ground equipment control mechanism, and adjust the ground engineering parameters of the ground engineering equipment to be the ground decision parameters;

An integrated data management module electrically connected with the integrated learning module and the integrated data acquisition mechanism.

As a preferred embodiment, the downhole auxiliary mechanism includes:

A downhole data processing module electrically connected to the downhole measurement mechanism, the downhole data processing module includes: a downhole information cleaning unit for data cleaning of the downhole information; a downhole information cleaning unit for compressing the downhole information a downhole information compression unit; a downhole decision information decompression unit for decompressing the downhole decision compression information;

A downhole decision control module; the downhole decision control module can send the downhole decision parameters to the drill bit control mechanism, and adjust the bit working parameters of the drill bit to be the downhole decision parameters;

A downhole data management module electrically connected with the downhole data processing module.

As a preferred embodiment, the near-bit engineering parameters include: weight on bit, inclination angle, bottom hole pressure, torque, bit cutting angle, bit water hole size, bit lateral force, and bit penetration depth. Environmental characteristic parameters include: resistivity, natural potential, acoustic transit time, temperature, pressure, gamma, neutron, density, flow, magnetic localization, pH.

A method for controlling the drilling speed of a drill bit, the control method comprising:

Receive ground engineering parameters of ground engineering equipment;

Receive downhole information of the target well during the drilling process of the drill bit, the downhole information includes: near-bit engineering parameters and environmental characteristic parameters;

Inputting the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into a comprehensive data processing device, and the comprehensive data processing device inputs the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into an optimization model and obtains downhole decision parameters and surface decision parameters;

Adjust the ground engineering equipment according to the ground decision parameters, and adjust the ground engineering parameters to the ground decision parameters;

The drill bit is adjusted according to the downhole decision parameter, and the drill bit working parameter is adjusted to the downhole decision parameter.

As a preferred embodiment, the surface engineering parameters include: one or more of hook suspension, mud pump pressure, rotary speed, and mud displacement; the near-bit engineering parameters include: weight on bit, wellbore Inclination angle, bottom hole pressure, torque, bit cutting angle, bit water hole size, bit lateral force, bit penetration depth, the environmental characteristic parameters include: resistivity, spontaneous potential, sonic time difference, temperature, pressure, gamma , Neutron, Density, Flow, Magnetic Positioning, PH.

As a preferred embodiment, before the downhole information is input into the comprehensive data processing equipment, it further includes performing data preprocessing on the downhole information, and the data preprocessing includes: noise removal, missing value processing, outlier processing, data processing compression.

As a preferred embodiment, before the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information are input into the optimization model, the method further includes: acquiring downhole information and surface engineering parameters of at least one offset well of the target well, and for all The optimization model is obtained by training the downhole information and surface engineering parameters of the at least one offset well.

As a preferred embodiment, the algorithm used in the optimization model is any one or a combination of the following: support vector machine, random forest, back-propagation neural network, convolutional neural network, and recurrent neural network.

Beneficial effects:

The control system and control method for the drilling rate of the drill bit provided by the embodiments of the present application acquire downhole information and surface engineering parameters through comprehensive data processing equipment. The comprehensive data processing equipment can establish a first feedback loop between the surface equipment control mechanism and the surface detection mechanism according to the acquired underground information and surface engineering parameters, and the surface equipment control mechanism can adjust the surface engineering parameters of the surface engineering equipment through the first feedback loop. At the same time, the comprehensive data processing can establish a second feedback loop between the downhole measurement mechanism and the drill bit control mechanism through the downhole auxiliary mechanism, and the drill bit control mechanism can adjust the working parameters of the drill bit through the second feedback loop.

The system and method for controlling the ROP of an underground drill bit provided by the embodiments of the present application can establish a first feedback loop located on the surface and a second feedback loop located underground, so as to form a double closed-loop control loop, and automatically adjust the working parameters of the surface engineering equipment and the downhole The working parameters of the drill bit can adjust the drilling speed to the optimal drilling speed in real time.

With reference to the following description and drawings, specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail, indicating the manner in which the principles of the present application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not thereby limited in scope.

Features described and/or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, in combination with, or instead of features in other embodiments .

It should be emphasized that the term "comprising/comprising" when used herein refers to the presence of a feature, integer, step or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a control system for the drilling rate of a drill bit provided by an embodiment of the application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a comprehensive data processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a downhole auxiliary mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the drilling rate of a drill bit provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numbers:

11. Surface equipment control organization; 12. Surface engineering equipment; 13. Surface inspection organization; 21. Comprehensive data acquisition organization; 22. Comprehensive learning module; 23. Comprehensive decision-making control module; 24. Comprehensive data management module; 31. Downhole data processing module; 32, downhole decision control module; 33, downhole data management module; 4, downhole measurement mechanism; 51, drill bit control mechanism; 52, drill bit.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope. Modifications of various equivalent forms fall within the scope defined by this application.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for the purpose of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiment.

The following will explain and describe the control system and control method for the drilling rate of the drill bit according to the embodiment of the present application with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 . It should be noted that, for convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals denote the same components. For the sake of brevity, in different embodiments, the detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted, and the descriptions of the same components can be referred to and quoted from each other.

An embodiment of the present application provides a control system for the drilling rate of a drill bit. As shown in FIG. 1 , the control system for the drilling rate of a drill bit includes surface equipment and downhole equipment. The ground equipment may include ground engineering equipment 12 , a ground detection mechanism 13 and a ground equipment control mechanism 11 . Among them, the ground detection mechanism 13 is used to measure the ground engineering parameters of the ground engineering equipment 12 , and the ground equipment control mechanism 11 is used to adjust the ground engineering parameters. The ground engineering equipment 12, the ground detection mechanism 13, and the ground equipment control mechanism 11 may be integrated intelligent equipment. Taking a smart drilling rig as an example, a ground detection mechanism 13 composed of detection units such as sensors is usually configured on the intelligent drilling rig to obtain the ground surface in real time. Engineering parameters, and the ground equipment control mechanism 11 that cooperates with the ground detection mechanism 13 to control the working parameters of the drilling rig in real time.

In the embodiment of the present application, the surface engineering equipment 12 may include lifting system equipment, rotating system equipment, and drilling fluid circulation system equipment. Among them, the hoisting system equipment is used for tripping and tripping drilling tools, controlling the drilling pressure and sending drilling, and may include components such as drawworks, derricks, hooks and wire ropes. The rotating system equipment is used to drive the downhole drilling tools, the drill bit to rotate, and break the rock (drilling). The drilling fluid circulation system equipment is used to send the drilling fluid to the drill pipe, the downhole drill string and the drill bit through the pump, and then flush the bottom hole cuttings, and bring it out of the ground from the annular space between the drilling tool and the wellbore, so that the drilling tool can operate normally. get in. Drilling fluid circulation system equipment may include mud pumps, manifolds and other components.

In this specification, the surface engineering equipment 12 is used to realize functions such as the lifting and rotation of drilling tools and the circulation of drilling fluid. By adjusting the surface engineering parameters of the surface engineering equipment 12, it is possible to realize the adjustment of the drilling pressure, bottom hole pressure and drill pipe rotation speed. adjustment, so as to realize the adjustment of the drilling speed of the drill bit. The ground engineering parameters include one or more of the hook suspension weight, the mud pump pressure, the rotating speed of the turntable, and the mud displacement. Correspondingly, the ground detection mechanism 13 may include a torque sensor, a suspension sensor, a rotational speed sensor, and the like. The surface equipment control mechanism 11 may include a turntable motor control mechanism, a drilling motor control mechanism, a mud pump motor control mechanism, and the like. The connection relationship between the various components of the ground engineering equipment and the operation method belong to the prior art, and will not be repeated in this application.

In some possible implementations, the number of ground equipment control mechanisms 11 may match the number of ground engineering equipment 12 , and the ground equipment control mechanism 11 may adjust the ground engineering parameters of the corresponding ground engineering equipment 12 .

The downhole equipment includes: a drill bit 52 arranged in the target well and a drill bit control mechanism 51 for adjusting the working parameters of the drill bit. The drill bit rate of penetration control system also includes a downhole measurement mechanism 4 and a downhole auxiliary mechanism arranged under the target well. The downhole measurement mechanism 4 is used to collect downhole information, and may be equipment such as PWD or MWD. The downhole information includes near-bit engineering parameters and environmental characteristic parameters.

Specifically, the surface equipment control mechanism 11 and the drill bit control mechanism 51 may take, for example, a microprocessor or a processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program codes (such as software or firmware) executable by the microprocessor or processor , logic gate, switch, Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and embedded Microcontroller Unit (MCU) form, can receive control signals, also able to issue commands.

The downhole auxiliary mechanism is specifically the downhole CPU, and is electrically connected to the drill bit control mechanism 51. The downhole auxiliary mechanism is used to receive the downhole information collected by the downhole measurement mechanism 4, and can perform compression processing on it to obtain the downhole compression information, thereby avoiding the downhole information. The amount of data is too large to be passed directly. The downhole auxiliary mechanism can also send a signal to the drill bit control mechanism 51 to adjust the drill bit working parameters. The downhole measurement mechanism 4 is electrically connected to the downhole auxiliary mechanism and the drill bit control mechanism 51 , so that the downhole auxiliary mechanism can establish a feedback loop between the downhole measurement mechanism 4 and the drill bit control mechanism 51 .

The comprehensive data processing equipment is located on the ground, and includes: a comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 for acquiring downhole compression information and surface engineering parameters. The comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 is electrically connected to the surface detection mechanism 13 and the downhole measurement mechanism 4, thereby comprehensive data processing. The equipment can receive surface engineering parameters and downhole information in real time. The comprehensive data processing equipment can establish a first feedback loop between the surface equipment control mechanism 11 and the surface detection mechanism 13 according to the downhole information and surface engineering parameters. At the same time, the integrated data processing device can also establish a second feedback loop between the downhole measurement mechanism 4 and the drill bit control mechanism 51 through the downhole auxiliary mechanism. Therefore, the control system for the downhole drill bit rate of penetration provided by the present application can establish a first feedback loop located on the surface and a second feedback loop located downhole, thereby forming a double closed-loop control loop.

In this specification, near-bit engineering parameters include: weight on bit, inclination angle, bottom hole pressure, torque, bit cutting angle, bit water hole size, bit lateral force, and bit penetration depth, and the environmental characteristic parameters include: Resistivity, Spontaneous Potential, Transit Time, Temperature, Pressure, Gamma, Neutron, Density, Flow, Magnetic Positioning, PH.

In the drilling process, the drilling speed of the bit is related to the rotation speed of the bit, weight on bit, mud displacement, bottom hole pressure, bit penetration depth, bit cutting angle, bit water hole size, and bit lateral force. The rotation speed of the drill bit is equal to the rotation speed of the surface turntable, and the weight on bit is mainly affected by the total weight of the drilling tool in the well and the hook suspension of the surface lifting equipment, and the bottom hole pressure is affected by the pump pressure and the hydrostatic pressure in the wellbore. The torque of the drill bit is closely related to the torque of the kelly at the surface wellhead, and the abnormal torque of the drill bit will cause skipping and vibration accidents, which can easily lead to the instability of the well wall and bring drilling risks. The lateral force of the drill bit can cause the trajectory to deviate, adversely affecting directional drilling. It can be seen that if only the ground engineering parameters are adjusted, on the one hand, the drill bit will wear too quickly, and the drill bit needs to be replaced frequently. On the one hand, the replacement of the drill bit is relatively expensive, and on the other hand, it requires tripping and drilling down, which is very labor-intensive and increases the operation cost.

Due to the diversity of underground rock mass structures, different rock and formation conditions have different requirements for the drilling rate of the drill bit. Too high ROP can cause accidents and damage to the drill bit, while too low ROP makes drilling very inefficient. Therefore, in a specific formation condition and rock, suitable ground engineering parameters and bit working parameters are very beneficial to drilling, which can not only improve drilling efficiency, but also help reduce bit wear.

Environmental characteristic parameters can guide downhole conditions, such as formation lithology, hardness, strike, permeability, groundwater, pore pressure, etc. Since the hardness and shear strength of different strata are different, if the drill bit can change the cutting angle and penetration depth according to the situation of the stratum, it can effectively avoid the wear and damage of the drill bit, and at the same time, the ROP can be improved. Pump pressure, water hole size and mud displacement can improve the cleanliness of downhole cuttings, reduce the hold-up effect, and avoid repeated crushing.

In the above embodiment, the working parameters of the drill bit 52 include: the penetration depth of the drill bit, the cutting angle of the drill bit, the size of the water hole of the drill bit, and the lateral force of the drill bit. By adjusting the combination of surface engineering parameters and drill bit working parameters to a reasonable range, the optimal ROP can be obtained, and the drill bit ROP can be controlled within a reasonable range.

In this specification, the downhole measurement mechanism 4 and the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 both include: a pulse module for generating and receiving mud pulse signals, and the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 and the downhole measurement mechanism 4 pass the mud Pulse signal for information transmission. Therefore, the downhole auxiliary mechanism can transmit the compressed downhole compressed information to the downhole measurement mechanism 4, and then transmit it to the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 on the surface through the pulse module, and the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 can also use the pulse module to obtain the information obtained. It is sent to the downhole measurement mechanism 4 and received by the downhole auxiliary mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the comprehensive data processing equipment further includes: a comprehensive learning module 22 electrically connected to the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 , and the comprehensive learning module 22 includes: a device for decompressing the downhole compressed information. A downhole information decompression unit; a deep learning unit, which can input the acquired surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into an optimization model and obtain downhole decision parameters and surface decision parameters; a downhole decision information compression unit , the downhole decision signal compression unit is used to compress the downhole decision parameters to obtain downhole decision compression information; a comprehensive decision control module 23, the comprehensive decision control module 23 can send the ground decision parameters to the ground The equipment control mechanism 11 adjusts the ground engineering parameters of the ground engineering equipment 12 to the ground decision parameters; the integrated data management module 24 is electrically connected with the integrated learning module 22 and the integrated data acquisition mechanism 21 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the comprehensive data management module 24 includes: a downhole information storage unit for storing downhole information; a surface engineering parameter storage unit for storing surface engineering parameters; a surface engineering parameter storage unit for storing surface decision parameters Decision information storage unit; a downhole decision compression information storage unit for storing downhole decision compression information. The comprehensive data management module 24 can continuously store downhole information, surface engineering parameters and decision-making parameters, so that the deep learning unit can continuously learn independently according to the information stored in the comprehensive data management module 24, update the optimization model, and improve the accuracy of decision-making results.

The downhole information decompression unit can decompress the obtained downhole compressed information, thereby obtaining detailed downhole information. After synthesizing surface engineering parameters and downhole information, the deep learning unit inputs the data into the optimization model to obtain downhole decision parameters and surface decision parameters. The ground equipment control mechanism 11 can receive the ground decision parameters sent by the comprehensive decision control module 23 in a wired or wireless manner, and then send out control signals to change the working parameters of the ground engineering equipment 12 . The downhole decision parameters are compressed by the downhole decision information compression unit in the comprehensive learning module 22 to obtain downhole decision compression information, which is then sent to the comprehensive data management module 24 for storage, and sent to the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 . The downhole decision-making compression information is sent downhole through the mud pulse signal sent by the pulse module of the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism 21 and received by the downhole auxiliary mechanism. After receiving the downhole decision-making compressed information transmitted by the mud pulse, the downhole auxiliary mechanism can decompress the downhole decision-making compressed information, obtain detailed downhole decision-making information, and send the downhole decision-making information to the drill bit control mechanism 51 to adjust the drilling bit 52. working parameters.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the downhole auxiliary mechanism includes: a downhole data processing module 31 that is electrically connected to the downhole measurement mechanism 4 , and the downhole data processing module 31 includes: a function for processing the downhole information A downhole information cleaning unit for data cleaning; a downhole information compression unit for compressing the downhole information; a downhole decision information decompression unit for decompressing the downhole decision compression information; and the downhole decision information The downhole decision control module 32 electrically connected to the decompression unit; the downhole decision control module 32 can send the downhole decision parameters to the drill bit control mechanism 51, and adjust the bit working parameters of the drill bit 52 for the downhole decision parameters; a downhole data management module 33 electrically connected to the downhole data processing module 31 .

Wherein, after receiving the downhole information obtained by the downhole measurement mechanism 4, the downhole data processing module 31 can clean the data through the downhole information cleaning unit, thereby improving the data quality. The cleaned data is then subjected to secondary processing, that is, downhole information is compressed to obtain downhole compressed information, which is then transmitted to the surface through mud pulses. When the downhole data processing module 31 receives the downhole decision-making compression information, it is first processed by the downhole decision-making information decompression unit to obtain detailed downhole decision-making parameters, and then the downhole decision-making parameters are sent to the drill bit control mechanism 51 through the downhole decision-making control module 32, and the The drill bit control mechanism 51 sends out signals to control the working parameters of the drill bit 52 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 , the downhole data management module 33 includes: a downhole information storage unit for storing downhole information; a downhole compression information storage unit for storing downhole compressed information; a downhole information storage unit for storing downhole decision information Decision information storage unit.

In this embodiment, the downhole auxiliary mechanism can establish a second feedback loop between the downhole measurement mechanism 4 and the drill bit control mechanism 51 , and can further adjust the drill bit working parameters of the drill bit 52 . Through the established second feedback loop, the working parameters of the bit can be adjusted in real time, so that the bit can adjust the cutting angle, the size of the water hole of the bit, the lateral force of the bit, and the penetration depth of the bit according to the real-time working conditions downhole. In addition, the adjustment of the drill bit working parameters of the drill bit 52 is adapted to the adjustment of the surface engineering parameters, so as to ensure the accuracy of the adjustment of the drilling parameters.

The present application also provides a control method for a control system utilizing the drill bit rate of penetration, as shown in FIG. 4 , the control method includes:

S10: Receive ground engineering parameters of the ground engineering equipment 12;

S20: Receive downhole information of the target well during the drilling process of the drill bit 52, where the downhole information includes: near-bit engineering parameters and environmental characteristic parameters;

S30: Input the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into a comprehensive data processing device, and the comprehensive data processing device inputs the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into an optimization model to obtain downhole decision parameters and surface decision-making parameter;

S40: Adjust the ground engineering equipment 12 according to the ground decision parameters, and adjust the ground engineering parameters to the ground decision parameters;

S50: Adjust the drill bit 52 according to the downhole decision parameter, and adjust the drill bit working parameter to the downhole decision parameter.

In the above steps, real-time monitoring of surface engineering parameters and downhole information can control the drilling process more accurately and reduce drilling risks. In this embodiment, by using the above-mentioned optimization model, the downhole decision parameters and the surface decision parameters can be predicted and obtained more accurately and efficiently.

In this embodiment, the algorithm used in the optimization model is any one or a combination of the following: support vector machine, random forest, back-propagation neural network, convolutional neural network, and recurrent neural network.

In this specification, in the step of receiving downhole information and surface engineering parameters, the comprehensive data processing equipment can receive parameters in real time through sensors configured in the downhole and surface equipment, and transmit the obtained data parameters to the comprehensive data management module twenty four. The comprehensive data processing equipment can analyze and process the acquired downhole information and surface engineering parameter signals to obtain surface decision parameters and downhole decision parameters respectively, wherein the surface decision parameters are transmitted to the surface equipment control mechanism 11 through the first feedback loop, and the surface engineering parameters can be transmitted to the surface equipment control mechanism 11. The parameters are adjusted to the ground decision parameters; and the downhole auxiliary mechanism can generate a control signal after receiving the downhole decision parameters and send it to the drill bit control mechanism 51 through the second feedback loop to adjust the bit working parameters of the drill bit 52 to the downhole decision parameters.

Before the downhole information is input into the comprehensive data processing equipment, it also includes data preprocessing on the downhole information, and the data preprocessing includes: noise removal, missing value processing, outlier processing, and data compression.

In this embodiment, noise removal is to remove data generated during non-drilling processes such as pump shutdown, tripping, workover operations, and well shut-in. Missing value processing is used to fill in some missing data and improve data integrity. Outlier processing is to deal with abnormal data (too low or too high) caused by sensor abnormality and too fast tripping speed. By setting upper and lower thresholds, the generation of excessive abnormal values can be prevented. The mean is modified for abnormal data. In the process of data volume compression, data acquisition during drilling is mostly generated once per second, but in the process of drilling analysis and data transmission, on the one hand, data transmission is difficult and real-time analysis is difficult. It is unstable, so it is necessary to averagely process the data every minute, and transmit the data analysis once every minute, so as to achieve the purpose of high data processing and analysis accuracy.

In this embodiment, the optimization model may select an algorithm from a machine learning algorithm and a deep learning algorithm to construct the optimization model. Machine learning algorithms can include: Random Forests, Support Vector Machines, Naive Bayes, etc. Deep learning algorithms include: BP neural network, recurrent neural network, convolutional neural network, long short-term memory network, etc.

In this embodiment, before inputting the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into the optimization model, the method further includes: acquiring downhole information and surface engineering parameters of at least one offset well of the target well, and for the at least one offset well. The optimization model is obtained by training the downhole information and surface engineering parameters of an offset well. Of course, in other embodiments, before inputting the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into the comprehensive data processing equipment, the method further includes: acquiring the downhole information and surface engineering parameters in the historical data of the target well, The optimization model is obtained by training the downhole information and surface engineering parameters in the historical data. The historical data and the at least one offset well data may be stored in the integrated data management module 24 .

Further, in the step of obtaining downhole decision parameters and surface decision parameters, a multi-objective collaborative optimization model, such as NSGA2 and PSO multi-objective optimization algorithms, can be established according to the input surface engineering parameters and downhole information and the established optimization model. Algorithms are dynamically optimized based on whether variables are time-dependent and the solutions generated by the model are ranked. In the follow-up, according to the various parameter matching work plans and recommended rankings generated by the collaborative optimization decision model, experienced drilling engineers will select the optimal parameter matching plan.

The control system for the drilling rate of the drill bit provided by the embodiment of the present application can form a double closed-loop control loop through the first feedback loop and the second feedback loop, adjust the surface engineering equipment and the drill bit in real time, and keep the surface engineering parameters and the drill bit working parameters in an optimal combination state, so as to obtain the optimal drilling speed.

The devices, modules and units described in the above embodiments may be specifically implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions.

For the convenience of description, when describing the above device, the functions are divided into various modules and described respectively. Of course, when implementing the present application, the functions of each module may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those who are familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present application and implement them accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and spirit of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, components, components or steps that do not materially affect the essential novel characteristics of the combination. Use of the terms "comprising" or "comprising" to describe combinations of elements, ingredients, components or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of those elements, ingredients, components or steps. By use of the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that "may" include any described attributes that are optional.

A plurality of elements, components, components or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, component or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, component or step may be divided into separate multiple elements, components, components or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" used to describe an element, ingredient, part or step is not intended to exclude other elements, ingredients, parts or steps.

It should be understood that the above description is for purposes of illustration and not limitation. From reading the above description, many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of being comprehensive.

Claims (10)

1. A control system for controlling rate of penetration of a drill bit, the control system comprising:

ground engineering equipment;

the ground detection mechanism is used for measuring ground engineering parameters of the ground engineering equipment;

a surface equipment control mechanism for adjusting surface engineering parameters including one or more of hook overhang, mud pump pressure, turntable speed, mud displacement;

a drill bit disposed downhole of the target;

the drill bit control mechanism is used for adjusting the working parameters of the drill bit;

the underground measuring mechanism is arranged under the target well and is used for acquiring underground information, and the underground information comprises near-bit engineering parameters and environment characteristic parameters;

the underground auxiliary mechanism is arranged under the target well and is electrically connected with the underground measuring mechanism, and the underground auxiliary mechanism is used for compressing the underground information to obtain underground compressed information;

an integrated data processing apparatus comprising: the comprehensive data processing equipment can establish a first feedback loop between the ground equipment control mechanism and the ground detection mechanism according to the underground information and the ground engineering parameters; the integrated data processing device can establish a second feedback loop between the downhole measurement mechanism and the bit control mechanism through the downhole auxiliary mechanism.

2. The system for controlling the rate of penetration of a drill bit of claim 1, wherein the downhole measurement mechanism and the integrated data acquisition mechanism each comprise: and the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism and the underground measuring mechanism carry out information transmission through the mud pulse signal.

3. The system for controlling the rate of penetration of a drill bit of claim 2, wherein said integrated data processing device further comprises: with synthesize data acquisition mechanism electric connection's comprehensive study module, synthesize the study module and include: the underground information decompression unit is used for decompressing the underground compressed information; the deep learning unit can input the acquired ground engineering parameters and the underground information into an optimization model and obtain underground decision parameters and ground decision parameters; the underground decision signal compression unit is used for compressing the underground decision parameters to obtain underground decision compression information; the comprehensive decision control module can send the ground decision parameters to the ground equipment control mechanism and adjust the ground engineering parameters of the ground engineering equipment into the ground decision parameters; and the comprehensive data management module is electrically connected with the comprehensive learning module and the comprehensive data acquisition mechanism.

4. The control system for rate of penetration of a drill bit of claim 3, wherein the downhole assistance mechanism comprises:

with downhole measurement mechanism electric connection's downhole data processing module, downhole data processing module includes: the underground information cleaning unit is used for cleaning the data of the underground information; the underground information compression unit is used for compressing the underground information; the underground decision information decompression unit is used for decompressing the underground decision compressed information;

a downhole decision-making control module; the underground decision-making control module can send the underground decision-making parameters to the drill bit control mechanism and adjust drill bit working parameters of the drill bit into the underground decision-making parameters;

and the underground data management module is electrically connected with the underground data processing module.

5. The control system of rate of penetration of a drill bit of claim 1, wherein the near bit engineering parameters comprise: weight-on-bit, angle of well-bore, bottom hole pressure, torque, drill bit cutting angle, drill bit port size, drill bit lateral force, drill bit depth of penetration, the environmental characteristic parameter includes: resistivity, natural potential, sonic moveout, temperature, pressure, gamma, neutron, density, flow, magnetic location, PH.

6. A method of controlling rate of penetration of a drill bit, the method comprising:

receiving ground engineering parameters of ground engineering equipment;

receiving downhole information for a target well during drilling by a drill bit, the downhole information comprising: near-bit engineering parameters and environmental characteristic parameters;

inputting the ground engineering parameters and the underground information into a comprehensive data processing device, and inputting the ground engineering parameters and the underground information into an optimization model by the comprehensive data processing device to obtain underground decision parameters and ground decision parameters;

adjusting ground engineering equipment according to the ground decision parameters, and adjusting the ground engineering parameters to the ground decision parameters;

and adjusting the drill bit according to the underground decision-making parameters, and adjusting the working parameters of the drill bit into the underground decision-making parameters.

7. The method of controlling rate of penetration of a drill bit of claim 6, wherein the surface engineering parameters comprise: one or more of hook overhang, mud pumping pressure, rotary table rotation speed and mud displacement; the near-bit engineering parameters include: weight-on-bit, angle of well-bore, bottom hole pressure, torque, drill bit cutting angle, drill bit port size, drill bit lateral force, drill bit depth of penetration, the environmental characteristic parameter includes: resistivity, natural potential, sonic moveout, temperature, pressure, gamma, neutron, density, flow, magnetic location, PH.

8. The method of controlling rate of penetration of a drill bit of claim 6, further comprising pre-processing the downhole information prior to entering the downhole information into an integrated data processing device, the pre-processing comprising: noise removal, missing value processing, abnormal value processing and data compression.

9. The method of controlling rate of penetration of a drill bit of claim 6, further comprising, prior to inputting the surface engineering parameters and the downhole information into an optimization model: and acquiring the underground information and the ground engineering parameters of at least one adjacent well of the target well, and training the underground information and the ground engineering parameters of the at least one adjacent well to obtain the optimizing model.

10. The method for controlling the drilling rate of the drill bit according to claim 6, wherein the algorithm adopted by the optimization model is any one or a combination of the following algorithms: support vector machines, random forests, back propagation neural networks, convolutional neural networks, cyclic neural networks.

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