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CN111872828A - A magnetic suspension polishing device and its operation method - Google Patents

A magnetic suspension polishing device and its operation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111872828A
CN111872828A CN202010689199.9A CN202010689199A CN111872828A CN 111872828 A CN111872828 A CN 111872828A CN 202010689199 A CN202010689199 A CN 202010689199A CN 111872828 A CN111872828 A CN 111872828A
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polishing
permanent magnet
generating device
polishing head
electromagnetic generating
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Inventor
徐志强
薄新谦
罗虎
唐志发
吴衡
王军
张高峰
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Xiangtan University
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Xiangtan University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B29/00Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
    • B24B29/02Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,主要包括电磁发生装置、抛光头、抛光片、第一永磁体、第二永磁体、第三永磁体、位置传感器,电磁发生装置与第一永磁体之间通过磁力作用实现抛光头的高速旋转运动,第二永磁体和第三永磁体用于抵消抛光头所受的轴向力,通过位置传感器感知抛光头在抛光过程中的浮动大小,实现恒力抛光。本发明基于磁悬浮原理,将其应用到抛光领域,利用悬浮作用自动调节力的大小,增加了对复杂面型的适应性,能够对不同面型实现恒力高转速抛光,避免了抛光过程中震动对抛光装置的破坏,既提高了抛光装置的寿命,又确保了抛光过程的平稳性。

Figure 202010689199

The invention relates to a magnetic suspension polishing device and an operation method thereof, which mainly include an electromagnetic generating device, a polishing head, a polishing sheet, a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet, a third permanent magnet, a position sensor, an electromagnetic generating device and a first permanent magnet. The high-speed rotation of the polishing head is realized through the action of magnetic force between the magnets. The second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are used to offset the axial force on the polishing head. Constant force polishing. The invention is based on the principle of magnetic levitation, and is applied to the polishing field. The levitation effect is used to automatically adjust the size of the force, which increases the adaptability to complex surface shapes, can achieve constant force and high-speed polishing for different surface shapes, and avoids vibration during the polishing process. The damage to the polishing device not only improves the service life of the polishing device, but also ensures the smoothness of the polishing process.

Figure 202010689199

Description

一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法A magnetic suspension polishing device and its operation method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及抛光装置技术领域,特别涉及一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of polishing devices, in particular to a magnetic suspension polishing device and an operation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

随着科技的进步与发展,高精度的抛光技术得到了广泛而深入的研究。磁悬浮技术由于其特有的无物理接触和高转速这些特点,被广泛应用到一些旋转装置中,由于抛光技术需要旋转装置为其提供动力,因此,可以将磁悬浮技术应用到抛光领域中。With the advancement and development of science and technology, high-precision polishing technology has been extensively and deeply studied. Magnetic levitation technology is widely used in some rotating devices due to its unique characteristics of no physical contact and high rotation speed. Since polishing technology requires rotating devices to provide power for it, magnetic levitation technology can be applied to the polishing field.

由于在对复杂面型进行抛光时,操作过程较为复杂而且对抛光工具的寿命有更高的要求。而磁悬浮对物体的表面形貌具有良好的适应性,并且磁场具有可控性,基于此特点,本发明提出了一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,可以实现对工件的恒力抛光。利用磁场间同性相斥、异性相吸的原理使抛光部件悬浮起来,在悬浮状态下运动,对工件进行抛光。一定程度上提高了抛光工具的使用寿命,简化了抛光的操作过程,可以对复杂面型的工件进行高转速平稳抛光,更好的达到抛光效果。Because when polishing complex surface shapes, the operation process is more complicated and there are higher requirements for the life of the polishing tool. The magnetic levitation has good adaptability to the surface morphology of the object, and the magnetic field is controllable. Based on this feature, the present invention proposes a magnetic levitation polishing device and an operation method thereof, which can realize constant force polishing of the workpiece. Using the principle of repulsion of the same sex and attraction of the opposite sex between the magnetic fields, the polishing parts are suspended and moved in a suspended state to polish the workpiece. To a certain extent, the service life of the polishing tool is improved, the polishing operation process is simplified, and the workpiece with complex surface shape can be polished smoothly at high speed, so as to better achieve the polishing effect.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是提供一种适用于复杂面型,达到恒力高速平稳抛光效果的磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法。利用磁悬浮的特性,实现在抛光的过程中电磁发生装置和抛光头之间的无物理接触,减小了抛光过程中由于震动对抛光装置的破坏性,即提高了抛光装置的寿命,又确保了抛光过程的平稳性。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetic suspension polishing device and an operation method thereof, which are suitable for complex surface shapes and achieve constant force, high speed and smooth polishing effect. Using the characteristics of magnetic levitation, no physical contact between the electromagnetic generating device and the polishing head is realized during the polishing process, which reduces the damage to the polishing device due to vibration during the polishing process, which not only improves the life of the polishing device, but also ensures The smoothness of the polishing process.

一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,包括基体、电磁发生装置、第一永磁体、抛光头、抛光片、控制器、位置传感器,电磁发生装置固定在基体上与控制器相连,第一永磁体设置在抛光头的内圈上,电磁发生装置和第一永磁体的数量均为3个且间隔均匀分布,第一永磁体均为同极朝向电磁发生装置设置,电磁发生装置与第一永磁体之间通过磁力作用实现抛光头的高速旋转运动,位置传感器位于基体的中心端面上,来检测抛光头在抛光过程中的径向浮动大小,抛光片固定在抛光头上。A magnetic suspension polishing device and an operation method thereof, comprising a substrate, an electromagnetic generating device, a first permanent magnet, a polishing head, a polishing sheet, a controller, and a position sensor, wherein the electromagnetic generating device is fixed on the substrate and connected to the controller, and the first permanent magnet It is arranged on the inner ring of the polishing head. The number of the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet is 3 and the interval is evenly distributed. The high-speed rotation of the polishing head is achieved through the action of magnetic force. The position sensor is located on the central end face of the substrate to detect the radial floating size of the polishing head during the polishing process, and the polishing sheet is fixed on the polishing head.

进一步,还包括第二永磁体、第三永磁体、端盖,第二永磁体和第三永磁体的数量均为2个,端盖设置在抛光头的左右两端并固定在基体上,第二永磁体对中设置在抛光头左右两端的端盖上,第三永磁体对中设置在抛光头左右两端,第二永磁体和第三永磁体均为环形永磁体,且第二永磁体和第三永磁体之间均为同极相对设置。Further, it also includes a second permanent magnet, a third permanent magnet, and an end cap. The number of the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet is 2. The end caps are arranged on the left and right ends of the polishing head and are fixed on the base body. Two permanent magnets are centered on the end caps at the left and right ends of the polishing head, and a third permanent magnet is centered on the left and right ends of the polishing head. Both the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are annular permanent magnets, and the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are oppositely arranged with the same pole.

进一步,所述第二永磁体的横截面积大于第三永磁体的横截面积,使第三永磁体在抛光过程中随抛光头的浮动范围在竖直方向上始终不超过第二永磁体的横截面。Further, the cross-sectional area of the second permanent magnet is larger than the cross-sectional area of the third permanent magnet, so that the third permanent magnet never exceeds the second permanent magnet in the vertical direction with the floating range of the polishing head during the polishing process. Cross section.

所述的操作方法包括以下步骤:The operating method includes the following steps:

步骤1:将抛光装置安装在数控机床上;Step 1: Install the polishing device on the CNC machine;

步骤2:启动控制器,电磁发生装置通电产生与第一永磁体朝向电磁发生装置一端的磁极磁性相同的磁场,使抛光头悬浮起来,在同性磁场的作用下,电磁发生装置与第一永磁体之间产生排斥力,使抛光头高速运转,从而带动抛光片对工件进行抛光;Step 2: Start the controller, the electromagnetic generating device is energized to generate a magnetic field with the same magnetic field as the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet facing the end of the electromagnetic generating device, so that the polishing head is suspended. Under the action of the same magnetic field, the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet A repulsive force is generated between them, so that the polishing head runs at a high speed, thereby driving the polishing sheet to polish the workpiece;

步骤3:一种情况:在抛光的过程中,抛光头受力会上下浮动,通过控制器增大电磁发生装置中通过的电流,电磁发生装置与第一永磁体的排斥力增强,转速加大,对被抛光工件的压力增大,达到抛光条件,另一种情况:通过位于中心端面上的位置传感器检测抛光头上下浮动大小,设定位置传感器检测到抛光头的位置,将位置信号转变为电流信号,通过控制器调节电流的大小,来调节电磁发生装置与第一永磁体之间排斥力的大小,使抛光头自动回到设定位置,实现抛光头带动抛光片对工件进行恒力抛光;Step 3: One situation: During the polishing process, the force of the polishing head will float up and down, and the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device is increased by the controller, the repulsive force between the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet is enhanced, and the rotational speed is increased. , the pressure on the workpiece to be polished increases, and the polishing condition is reached. Another situation: the position sensor located on the central end face detects the floating size of the polishing head, and the position sensor is set to detect the position of the polishing head, and the position signal is converted into The current signal is used to adjust the size of the current through the controller to adjust the size of the repulsive force between the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet, so that the polishing head automatically returns to the set position, so that the polishing head drives the polishing sheet to polish the workpiece with constant force ;

步骤4:当达到抛光效果时,通过控制器改变电磁发生装置中通过的电流方向,电磁发生装置产生与第一永磁体朝向电磁发生装置一端的磁极磁性不同的磁场,产生吸附力,抛光头停止运转;Step 4: When the polishing effect is achieved, the direction of the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device is changed by the controller, and the electromagnetic generating device generates a magnetic field that is magnetically different from the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet facing the end of the electromagnetic generating device, generating an adsorption force, and the polishing head stops. run;

步骤5:抛光完成,关闭控制器。Step 5: When polishing is complete, turn off the controller.

发明有益效果:本发明通过电磁发生装置和第一永磁体之间利用磁极间同性相斥、异性相吸的原理,使抛光头高速平稳的运转,更好的达到抛光效果。利用磁悬浮原理,使抛光头和电磁发生装置之间在工作过程中无物理接触,通过位置传感器自动调节力的大小,实现恒力抛光。也进一步避免了由于抛光装置之间产生的物理接触使抛光装置磨损破坏,一定程度上提高了抛光装置的寿命。Beneficial effects of the invention: The present invention makes the polishing head run smoothly at high speed by utilizing the principle of repulsion between magnetic poles and attraction of opposites between the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet to better achieve the polishing effect. Using the principle of magnetic levitation, there is no physical contact between the polishing head and the electromagnetic generating device during the working process, and the force is automatically adjusted by the position sensor to achieve constant force polishing. Furthermore, the abrasion and damage of the polishing device due to the physical contact between the polishing devices is further avoided, and the service life of the polishing device is improved to a certain extent.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

图2为本发明图1中A-A处剖视图;Fig. 2 is the sectional view at A-A in Fig. 1 of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例的抛光过程示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of a polishing process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

附图中:1为基体、2为电磁发生装置、3为第一永磁体、4为抛光头、5为抛光片、6为端盖、7为第二永磁体、8为第三永磁体、9为控制器、10为位置传感器、、11为未抛光工件、12为抛光过程中工件、13为已抛光工件。In the accompanying drawings: 1 is the base body, 2 is the electromagnetic generating device, 3 is the first permanent magnet, 4 is the polishing head, 5 is the polishing sheet, 6 is the end cover, 7 is the second permanent magnet, 8 is the third permanent magnet, 9 is the controller, 10 is the position sensor, 11 is the unpolished workpiece, 12 is the workpiece in the polishing process, and 13 is the polished workpiece.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明进行较为详细的说明。The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

如图1、图2所示,一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,包括基体1、电磁发生装置2、第一永磁体3、抛光头4、抛光片5、控制器9、位置传感器10,电磁发生装置2固定在基体1上与控制器9相连,通过控制器9来控制电磁发生装置2的电流大小和方向,第一永磁体3设置在抛光头4的内圈上,电磁发生装置2和第一永磁体3的数量均为3个且间隔均匀分布,第一永磁体3均为同极朝向电磁发生装置2设置,当电磁发生装置2中通入电流时,产生与第一永磁体3朝向电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性相同的磁场,电磁发生装置2与第一永磁铁3之间产生排斥力,带动抛光头4高速旋转,抛光片5固定在抛光头4上,随抛光头4一起运动,从而对工件进行抛光,在抛光的过程中,通过控制器9来控制电磁发生装置2中通过的电流大小和方向,从而控制电磁发生装置2产生的磁场大小和方向,与第一永磁体3产生排斥力或者吸引力并且可以控制其大小,实现抛光头4带动抛光片5对工件进行抛光,位置传感器10位于基体1的中心端面上,来检测抛光头4在抛光过程中的径向浮动大小,在进行恒力抛光时,位置传感器10会检测到抛光头4的偏移程度,设定位置传感器10检测到抛光头4的位置,将位置信号转变为电流信号,通过自动调节电流的大小,使抛光头4回到设定位置,实现抛光头4带动抛光片5对工件进行恒力抛光。还包括第二永磁体7、第三永磁体8、端盖6,第二永磁体7和第三永磁体8的数量均为2个,端盖6设置在抛光头的左右两端并固定在基体1上,第二永磁体7对中设置在抛光头4左右两端的端盖6上,第三永磁体对中设置在抛光头4左右两端,第二永磁体7和第三永磁体8均为环形永磁体,且第二永磁体7和第三永磁体8之间均为同极相对设置,用于抵消抛光头4在抛光过程中可能产生的轴向力,第二永磁体7的横截面积大于第三永磁体8的横截面积,使第三永磁体8在抛光过程中随抛光头4的浮动范围在竖直方向上始终不超过第二永磁体7的横截面,以此来防止在恒力抛光的过程中由于抛光头4的上下浮动带动第三永磁体8超过第二永磁体7的横截面时使第二永磁体7与第三永磁体8之间产生大的径向力来影响恒力抛光的准确性。抛光完成后,通过控制器9改变电磁发生装置2中通过的电流方向,三个电磁发生装置2产生与三个第一永磁体3朝向三个电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性不同的磁场,三个电磁发生装置2与三个第一永磁体3之间产生吸附力,使抛光头停止运转。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a magnetic levitation polishing device and its operation method include a substrate 1, an electromagnetic generating device 2, a first permanent magnet 3, a polishing head 4, a polishing sheet 5, a controller 9, and a position sensor 10, The electromagnetic generating device 2 is fixed on the base body 1 and is connected with the controller 9. The current magnitude and direction of the electromagnetic generating device 2 are controlled by the controller 9. The first permanent magnet 3 is arranged on the inner ring of the polishing head 4. The electromagnetic generating device 2 The number of the first permanent magnet 3 is 3 and the interval is evenly distributed, and the first permanent magnet 3 is arranged towards the electromagnetic generating device 2 of the same pole. 3. The magnetic poles facing one end of the electromagnetic generating device 2 have the same magnetic field, and a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnetic generating device 2 and the first permanent magnet 3, which drives the polishing head 4 to rotate at a high speed, and the polishing sheet 5 is fixed on the polishing head 4. 4 move together to polish the workpiece. During the polishing process, the size and direction of the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device 2 are controlled by the controller 9, so as to control the size and direction of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic generating device 2, which is consistent with the first The permanent magnet 3 generates a repulsive or attractive force and its size can be controlled, so that the polishing head 4 drives the polishing sheet 5 to polish the workpiece. The position sensor 10 is located on the central end face of the substrate 1 to detect the diameter of the polishing head 4 during the polishing process. To the floating size, during constant force polishing, the position sensor 10 will detect the deviation of the polishing head 4, set the position sensor 10 to detect the position of the polishing head 4, convert the position signal into a current signal, and automatically adjust the current by adjusting the current The size of the polishing head 4 is returned to the set position, so that the polishing head 4 drives the polishing sheet 5 to perform constant force polishing on the workpiece. It also includes a second permanent magnet 7, a third permanent magnet 8, and an end cover 6. The number of the second permanent magnet 7 and the third permanent magnet 8 is 2. The end cover 6 is arranged on the left and right ends of the polishing head and is fixed on the polishing head. On the base body 1, the second permanent magnet 7 is centrally arranged on the end caps 6 at the left and right ends of the polishing head 4, the third permanent magnet is centrally arranged on the left and right ends of the polishing head 4, the second permanent magnet 7 and the third permanent magnet 8 Both are annular permanent magnets, and the second permanent magnet 7 and the third permanent magnet 8 are oppositely arranged with the same pole to offset the axial force that may be generated by the polishing head 4 during the polishing process. The cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the third permanent magnet 8, so that the third permanent magnet 8 never exceeds the cross-sectional area of the second permanent magnet 7 in the vertical direction along with the floating range of the polishing head 4 during the polishing process. To prevent a large diameter between the second permanent magnet 7 and the third permanent magnet 8 when the third permanent magnet 8 exceeds the cross section of the second permanent magnet 7 due to the up and down floating of the polishing head 4 during the constant force polishing process. To force to affect the accuracy of constant force polishing. After the polishing is completed, the direction of the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device 2 is changed by the controller 9, and the three electromagnetic generating devices 2 generate magnetic fields that are magnetically different from the magnetic poles of the three first permanent magnets 3 toward one end of the three electromagnetic generating devices 2. Adsorption force is generated between the electromagnetic generating devices 2 and the three first permanent magnets 3 to stop the polishing head from running.

实施例1Example 1

如图1和图3所示,一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,将本发明所设计的抛光装置安装到数控机床上,启动控制器9,使电磁发生装置2产生与第一永磁体3朝向电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性相同的磁场,电磁发生装置2与第一永磁体3之间产生排斥力,抛光头4处于悬浮状态并且高速运转,带动抛光片5对工件进行抛光,11为未抛光工件、12为抛光过程中工件、13为已抛光工件,B处为未抛光状态、C处为抛光状态、D处为已抛光状态,在抛光的过程中、基体1始终在同一水平面上,抛光头4会上下浮动,当刚开接触工件进行抛光时,抛光头4会偏离轴线,随着抛光的进行,抛光头4逐渐靠近轴线位置。在过程B到C和C到D的过程中,通过控制器9增大电磁发生装置2中通过的电流,电磁发生装置2和第一永磁体的排斥力增强,转速加大,对被抛光工件的压力增大,达到抛光条件,在抛光过程中,由于工件形貌的不确定性,工件可能会使抛光头4产生轴向力,通过对中设置在端盖6和抛光头4上的第二永磁体7和第三永磁体8之间的排斥力来抵消抛光头4产生的轴向力,抛光完成后,通过控制器9改变电磁发生装置2中通过的电流方向,三个电磁发生装置2产生与三个第一永磁体3朝向电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性不同的磁场,产生吸附力,使抛光头停止运转,在抛光的过程中抛光头4对被抛光工件的形貌具有良好的适应性以及起到缓冲的效果,避免了一些抛光装置在抛光的过程中引起震动而对抛光装置产生的破坏性。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, a magnetic suspension polishing device and its operation method, the polishing device designed by the present invention is installed on the numerical control machine tool, the controller 9 is started, and the electromagnetic generating device 2 is generated and the first permanent magnet 3 is generated. The magnetic pole facing one end of the electromagnetic generating device 2 has the same magnetic field, a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnetic generating device 2 and the first permanent magnet 3, the polishing head 4 is in a suspended state and operates at a high speed, and drives the polishing sheet 5 to polish the workpiece, 11 is Unpolished workpiece, 12 is the workpiece in the polishing process, 13 is the polished workpiece, B is the unpolished state, C is the polished state, and D is the polished state. During the polishing process, the substrate 1 is always on the same level. , the polishing head 4 will float up and down. When the polishing head 4 just touches the workpiece for polishing, the polishing head 4 will deviate from the axis. As the polishing progresses, the polishing head 4 will gradually approach the axis position. During the process from B to C and from C to D, the controller 9 increases the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device 2, the repulsive force between the electromagnetic generating device 2 and the first permanent magnet is enhanced, and the rotational speed is increased, which has a negative impact on the workpiece to be polished. The pressure increases to reach the polishing condition. During the polishing process, due to the uncertainty of the workpiece shape, the workpiece may generate an axial force on the polishing head 4. The repulsive force between the second permanent magnet 7 and the third permanent magnet 8 offsets the axial force generated by the polishing head 4. After the polishing is completed, the controller 9 changes the direction of the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device 2, and the three electromagnetic generating devices 2. Generate a magnetic field that is magnetically different from the magnetic poles of the three first permanent magnets 3 toward one end of the electromagnetic generating device 2, and generate an adsorption force to stop the polishing head. During the polishing process, the polishing head 4 has a good appearance of the workpiece to be polished. The adaptability and buffering effect of the polishing device avoid the damage to the polishing device caused by vibration caused by some polishing devices during the polishing process.

操作方法包括以下步骤:The operation method includes the following steps:

步骤1:将抛光装置安装在数控机床上;Step 1: Install the polishing device on the CNC machine;

步骤2:启动控制器9,电磁发生装置2产生与第一永磁体3朝向电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性相同的磁场,使抛光头4悬浮起来,在同性磁场的作用下,电磁发生装置2和第一永磁体3之间产生排斥力,使抛光头4高速运转,从而带动抛光片5对工件进行抛光;Step 2: Start the controller 9, the electromagnetic generating device 2 generates a magnetic field with the same magnetic field as the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet 3 facing the electromagnetic generating device 2, so that the polishing head 4 is suspended. Under the action of the same magnetic field, the electromagnetic generating device 2 A repulsive force is generated between the first permanent magnet 3 and the polishing head 4 to run at a high speed, thereby driving the polishing sheet 5 to polish the workpiece;

步骤3:在抛光的过程中,抛光头4受力会上下浮动,增大电磁发生装置2中通过的电流,电磁发生装置2和第一永磁体3的排斥力增强,转速加大,对被抛光工件的压力增大,达到抛光条件,Step 3: During the polishing process, the force of the polishing head 4 will float up and down, increasing the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device 2, the repulsive force between the electromagnetic generating device 2 and the first permanent magnet 3 is enhanced, and the rotational speed The pressure of the polished workpiece increases to reach the polishing condition,

步骤4:当达到抛光效果时,通过控制器9改变电磁发生装置2中通过的电流方向,电磁发生装置2产生与第一永磁体3朝向电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性不同的磁场,产生吸附力,抛光头4停止运转;Step 4: When the polishing effect is achieved, the direction of the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device 2 is changed by the controller 9, and the electromagnetic generating device 2 generates a magnetic field that is magnetically different from the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet 3 facing the end of the electromagnetic generating device 2, thereby generating adsorption. force, the polishing head 4 stops running;

步骤5:抛光完成,关闭控制器。Step 5: When polishing is complete, turn off the controller.

实施例2Example 2

如图1所示,一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,将本发明所涉及的抛光装置安装到数控机床上,启动控制器9,电磁发生装置2产生与第一永磁体3朝向电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性相同的磁场,电磁发生装置2与第一永磁体3之间产生排斥力,抛光头4处于悬浮状态并且高速运转,带动抛光片5对工件进行抛光。对工件进行抛光时,抛光头4会偏移轴线位置,这时位于基体1中心端面上的位置传感器10会检测到抛光头4所偏移的程度,设定位置传感器10检测到抛光头4的位置,将位置信号转变为电流信号,通过自动调整电流的大小,使抛光头4回到设定位置,实现抛光头4带动抛光片5对工件的恒力抛光。在抛光的过程中,由于工件形貌的不确定性,工件可能会使抛光头4产生轴向力,通过对中设置在端盖6和抛光头4上的第二永磁体7和第三永磁体8之间的排斥力来抵消抛光头4产生的轴向力,且第二永磁体7的横截面积大于第三永磁体8的横截面积,使第三永磁体8在抛光过程中随抛光头4的浮动范围在竖直方向上始终不超过第二永磁体7的横截面,以此来防止在恒力抛光的过程中由于抛光头4的上下浮动带动第三永磁体8超过第二永磁体7的横截面时使第二永磁体7与第三永磁体8之间产生大的径向力来影响恒力抛光的准确性。抛光完成后,通过控制器9改变电磁发生装置2中通过的电流方向,三个电磁发生装置2产生与三个第一永磁体3朝向三个电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性不同的磁场,产生吸附力,使抛光头停止运转,在抛光的过程中抛光头4对被抛光工件的形貌具有良好的适应性以及起到缓冲的效果,避免了一些抛光装置在抛光的过程中引起震动而对抛光装置产生的破坏性。As shown in Figure 1, a magnetic suspension polishing device and its operation method, the polishing device involved in the present invention is installed on a numerical control machine tool, the controller 9 is started, the electromagnetic generating device 2 generates and the first permanent magnet 3 is directed toward the electromagnetic generating device The magnetic poles at one end of 2 have the same magnetic field, and a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnetic generating device 2 and the first permanent magnet 3. The polishing head 4 is in a suspended state and runs at high speed, driving the polishing sheet 5 to polish the workpiece. When polishing the workpiece, the polishing head 4 will be offset from the axis position. At this time, the position sensor 10 located on the central end surface of the base body 1 will detect the degree of deviation of the polishing head 4, and the set position sensor 10 will detect the position of the polishing head 4. position, the position signal is converted into a current signal, and the polishing head 4 is returned to the set position by automatically adjusting the magnitude of the current, so as to realize the constant force polishing of the workpiece by the polishing head 4 driving the polishing sheet 5. During the polishing process, due to the uncertainty of the workpiece topography, the workpiece may generate an axial force on the polishing head 4 . The repulsive force between the magnets 8 counteracts the axial force generated by the polishing head 4, and the cross-sectional area of the second permanent magnet 7 is larger than that of the third permanent magnet 8, so that the third permanent magnet 8 changes with the polishing process. The floating range of the polishing head 4 always does not exceed the cross section of the second permanent magnet 7 in the vertical direction, so as to prevent the third permanent magnet 8 from exceeding the second permanent magnet 8 due to the up and down floating of the polishing head 4 during the constant force polishing process. The cross section of the permanent magnet 7 causes a large radial force between the second permanent magnet 7 and the third permanent magnet 8 to affect the accuracy of constant force polishing. After the polishing is completed, the controller 9 changes the direction of the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device 2, and the three electromagnetic generating devices 2 generate magnetic fields that are magnetically different from the magnetic poles of the three first permanent magnets 3 toward one end of the three electromagnetic generating devices 2, thereby generating magnetic fields. The adsorption force makes the polishing head stop running. During the polishing process, the polishing head 4 has good adaptability to the shape of the workpiece to be polished and has a buffering effect, which avoids the vibration caused by some polishing devices during the polishing process. Destructive effects of polishing equipment.

操作方法包括以下步骤:The operation method includes the following steps:

步骤1:将抛光装置安装在数控机床上;Step 1: Install the polishing device on the CNC machine;

步骤2:启动控制器9,电磁发生装置2通电产生与第一永磁体3朝向电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性相同的磁场,使抛光头4悬浮起来,在同性磁场的作用下,电磁发生装置2与第一永磁体3之间产生排斥力,使抛光头4高速运转,从而带动抛光片5对工件进行抛光;Step 2: Start the controller 9, the electromagnetic generating device 2 is energized to generate a magnetic field with the same magnetic field as the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet 3 facing the electromagnetic generating device 2, so that the polishing head 4 is suspended. Under the action of the same magnetic field, the electromagnetic generating device A repulsive force is generated between 2 and the first permanent magnet 3, so that the polishing head 4 runs at a high speed, thereby driving the polishing sheet 5 to polish the workpiece;

步骤3:在抛光的过程中,抛光头4受力会上下浮动,通过位于中心端面上的位置传感器10检测抛光头4上下浮动大小,设定位置传感器10检测到抛光头的位置,将位置信号转变为电流信号,通过调整电流的大小,来调节电磁发生装置2与第一永磁体3之间排斥力的大小,使抛光头4自动回到设定位置,实现抛光头4带动抛光片5对工件进行恒力抛光;Step 3: During the polishing process, the polishing head 4 will float up and down due to the force. The position sensor 10 on the central end face detects the floating size of the polishing head 4, and the position sensor 10 is set to detect the position of the polishing head, and the position signal is used to detect the position of the polishing head. Converted into a current signal, by adjusting the size of the current, the size of the repulsive force between the electromagnetic generating device 2 and the first permanent magnet 3 is adjusted, so that the polishing head 4 automatically returns to the set position, so that the polishing head 4 drives the polishing pads 5 pairs. The workpiece is polished with constant force;

步骤4:当达到抛光效果时,通过控制器9改变电磁发生装置2中通过的电流方向,电磁发生装置2产生与第一永磁体3朝向电磁发生装置2一端的磁极磁性不同的磁场,产生吸附力,抛光头4停止运转;Step 4: When the polishing effect is achieved, the direction of the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device 2 is changed by the controller 9, and the electromagnetic generating device 2 generates a magnetic field that is magnetically different from the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet 3 facing the end of the electromagnetic generating device 2, thereby generating adsorption. force, the polishing head 4 stops running;

步骤5:抛光完成,关闭控制器。Step 5: When polishing is complete, turn off the controller.

以上所述仅是本发明的优先实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进,这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements should also be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,其特征在于:包括基体、电磁发生装置、第一永磁体、抛光头、抛光片、控制器、位置传感器,电磁发生装置固定在基体上与控制器相连,第一永磁体设置在抛光头的内圈上,第一永磁体均为同极朝向电磁发生装置设置,电磁发生装置与第一永磁体之间通过磁力作用实现抛光头的高速旋转运动,位置传感器位于基体的中心端面上,抛光片固定在抛光头上。1. a magnetic levitation polishing device and an operating method thereof, it is characterized in that: comprise a base, an electromagnetic generating device, the first permanent magnet, a polishing head, a polishing sheet, a controller, a position sensor, and the electromagnetic generating device is fixed on the base with the controller Connected to each other, the first permanent magnet is arranged on the inner ring of the polishing head, the first permanent magnets are all arranged with the same pole toward the electromagnetic generating device, and the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet realize the high-speed rotation of the polishing head through the action of magnetic force, The position sensor is located on the central end face of the substrate, and the polishing pad is fixed on the polishing head. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,其特征在于:还包括第二永磁体、第三永磁体、端盖,第二永磁体和第三永磁体的数量均为2个,端盖设置在抛光头的左右两端并固定在基体上,第二永磁体对中设置在抛光头左右两端的端盖上,第三永磁体对中设置在抛光头左右两端,第二永磁体和第三永磁体均为环形永磁体,且第二永磁体和第三永磁体之间均为同极相对设置。2. a kind of magnetic suspension polishing device according to claim 1 and its operation method, it is characterized in that: also comprise the second permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet, the end cover, the quantity of the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet is equal to There are 2 end caps, the end caps are arranged on the left and right ends of the polishing head and fixed on the base body, the second permanent magnet is centered on the end caps at the left and right ends of the polishing head, and the third permanent magnet is centered on the left and right ends of the polishing head. , both the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are annular permanent magnets, and the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are arranged opposite to each other with the same pole. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,其特征在于:所述第三永磁体在抛光过程中随抛光头的浮动范围在竖直方向上始终不超过第二永磁体的横截面。3. A magnetic levitation polishing device and an operation method thereof according to claim 2, wherein the third permanent magnet always does not exceed the second permanent magnet in the vertical direction along with the floating range of the polishing head during the polishing process. Cross-section of the magnet. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种磁悬浮抛光装置及其操作方法,其特征在于:操作方法包括以下步骤:4. a kind of magnetic suspension polishing device and operating method thereof according to claim 1, is characterized in that: operating method comprises the following steps: 步骤1:将抛光装置安装在数控机床上;Step 1: Install the polishing device on the CNC machine; 步骤2:启动控制器,电磁发生装置通电产生与第一永磁体朝向电磁发生装置一端的磁极磁性相同的磁场,使抛光头悬浮起来,在同性磁场的作用下,电磁发生装置与第一永磁体之间产生排斥力,使抛光头高速运转,从而带动抛光片对工件进行抛光;Step 2: Start the controller, the electromagnetic generating device is energized to generate a magnetic field with the same magnetic field as the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet facing the end of the electromagnetic generating device, so that the polishing head is suspended. Under the action of the same magnetic field, the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet A repulsive force is generated between them, so that the polishing head runs at a high speed, thereby driving the polishing sheet to polish the workpiece; 步骤3:一种情况:在抛光的过程中,抛光头受力会上下浮动,通过控制器增大电磁发生装置中通过的电流,电磁发生装置与第一永磁体的排斥力增强,转速加大,对被抛光工件的压力增大,达到抛光条件,另一种情况:通过位于中心端面上的位置传感器检测抛光头上下浮动大小,设定位置传感器检测到抛光头的位置,将位置信号转变为电流信号,通过控制器调节电流的大小,来调节电磁发生装置与第一永磁体之间排斥力的大小,使抛光头自动回到设定位置,实现抛光头带动抛光片对工件进行恒力抛光;Step 3: One situation: During the polishing process, the force of the polishing head will float up and down, and the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device is increased by the controller, the repulsive force between the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet is enhanced, and the rotational speed is increased. , the pressure on the workpiece to be polished increases, and the polishing condition is reached. Another situation: the position sensor located on the central end face detects the floating size of the polishing head, and the position sensor is set to detect the position of the polishing head, and the position signal is converted into The current signal is used to adjust the size of the current through the controller to adjust the size of the repulsive force between the electromagnetic generating device and the first permanent magnet, so that the polishing head automatically returns to the set position, so that the polishing head drives the polishing sheet to polish the workpiece with constant force ; 步骤4:当达到抛光效果时,通过控制器改变电磁发生装置中通过的电流方向,电磁发生装置产生与第一永磁体朝向电磁发生装置一端的磁极磁性不同的磁场,产生吸附力,抛光头停止运转;Step 4: When the polishing effect is achieved, the direction of the current passing through the electromagnetic generating device is changed by the controller, and the electromagnetic generating device generates a magnetic field that is magnetically different from the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet facing the end of the electromagnetic generating device, generating an adsorption force, and the polishing head stops. run; 步骤5:抛光完成,关闭控制器。Step 5: When polishing is complete, turn off the controller.
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