CN111863516A - a circuit breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a circuit breaker, which comprises a shell with an installation cavity, a handle, an operating mechanism, a moving contact, a static contact, an overload protection mechanism, a short-circuit protection mechanism, an arc extinguishing mechanism, a wiring board and a wiring board, wherein the handle, the operating mechanism, the moving contact, the static contact, the overload protection mechanism, the short-circuit protection mechanism, the arc extinguishing mechanism, the wiring board and the wiring board are installed in the installation cavity, the bottom of the handle is connected with a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly is connected with the operating mechanism in a driving mode, the short-circuit protection mechanism is installed right below the handle, the operating mechanism is located on the side of the short-circuit protection mechanism in the width direction of the shell and.

Description

a circuit breaker

technical field

The invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, in particular to a circuit breaker.

Background technique

A circuit breaker refers to a switching device that can close, carry and break current under normal circuit conditions, and can close, carry and break current under abnormal circuit conditions within a specified time. It is often used for overload and short-circuit protection of lighting, distribution lines and equipment in office buildings, residences and similar buildings, and can also be used for infrequent on-off operations and conversions of lines.

The existing plug-in circuit breakers generally include a casing, an incoming line mechanism, an outgoing line mechanism, an operating mechanism, an arc extinguishing mechanism, a short-circuit protection mechanism and an overload protection mechanism. Because the existing small circuit breakers need to achieve short-circuit protection and overload protection in a limited space , But because most of the existing operating mechanisms are five-link mechanisms, which have complex structures and take up a lot of space, in order to ensure that the operating mechanism and the short-circuit protection mechanism are not affected when they operate, both the operating mechanism and the short-circuit protection mechanism need a large action space. This leads to at least the following problems in existing circuit breakers:

1. Since both the operating mechanism and the short-circuit protection mechanism require a large action space, the operating mechanism and the short-circuit protection mechanism can only be arranged separately on both sides, and occupy a large space; this also leads to a higher tripping speed of the short-circuit protection mechanism. Slow and poor breaking ability;

2. Since both the operating mechanism and the short-circuit protection mechanism require a large action space, the double-gold metal sheet as the overload protection mechanism can only be arranged on the same side as the operating mechanism, so that the movement space of the operating mechanism will be different from that of the double-gold metal. The movement space of the chip will conflict, and it will also move when the moving contact is opened and closed, so that the double gold is pulled, the positioning is not accurate, and the delay stability is reduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to provide a circuit breaker to solve the problem of low breaking capacity of the circuit breaker caused by the unreasonable layout of the existing small circuit breaker mechanism.

The specific plans are as follows:

A circuit breaker includes a housing with an installation chamber, a handle installed in the installation chamber, an operating mechanism, a moving contact, a static contact, an overload protection mechanism, a short-circuit protection mechanism, an arc extinguishing mechanism, an incoming wiring board and an outgoing wiring The bottom of the handle is connected to a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly is drivingly connected to the operating mechanism, the short-circuit protection mechanism is installed just below the handle, and the operating mechanism is located on the side of the short-circuit protection mechanism in the width direction of the casing , and set relative to the short-circuit protection mechanism.

Further, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission rod, a rotating member, a second transmission rod and a first torsion spring, the middle part of the rotating member is pivotally connected to the casing through a first rotating shaft, and the first transmission rod is The two ends are respectively connected to the lower end of the handle and one end of the rotating member, the two ends of the second transmission rod are respectively connected to the other end of the rotating member and the operating mechanism, and the middle part of the first torsion spring is pivotally connected to the rotating member One end of the pin is in contact with the rotating part, and the other end of the pin presses the operating mechanism.

Further, the operating mechanism includes a locking piece and a linking piece, the middle part of the linking piece is pivotally connected to the casing through a second rotating shaft, and the middle part of the locking piece is pivotally connected to the casing through a second rotating shaft , the locking piece rotates around the second shaft and is connected with the second transmission rod.

Further, the movable contact is fixed on the other end of the linkage member through a third rotating shaft, and a second torsion spring is also installed on the second rotating shaft, and one end pin of the second torsion spring is in contact with the casing, The other end pin is stuck on the moving contact.

Further, the short-circuit protection mechanism includes a push rod, a coil, a moving iron core and an iron core spring, wherein the iron core spring provides a restoring force for the moving iron core, one end of the push rod is drivingly connected with the moving iron core, and the other end is connected to the moving iron core. It is arranged opposite to the operating mechanism, so that the push rod can unlock the operating mechanism.

Further, the axis connecting line of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is inclined from top to bottom.

Further, the connecting line between the axes of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is substantially parallel to the axis of the push rod.

Further, the static contact has a magnetic yoke portion extending beside the coil, the magnetic yoke portion also has a convex hull portion disposed opposite to the moving iron core, and the convex hull portion has an end for the push rod. through holes through which the part passes.

Further, the overload protection mechanism includes a delay push rod and a double gold trigger, the extension push rod and the double gold trigger are arranged directly below the short-circuit protection mechanism, and the double gold trigger can push the delay after being deformed by heat. Push the lever to unlock the latch assembly.

Further, the arc extinguishing mechanism is arranged directly below the operating mechanism, and the static contact has an arc pilot track extending to the side of the arc extinguishing mechanism and electrically connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism.

Further, the arc-extinguishing mechanism has an arc-striking plate on the opposite side of the arc-striking path of the static contact, the lower end of the arc-striking plate is electrically connected to the arc-extinguishing mechanism, and the upper end extends to the movable contact. on the side.

Further, the lower end of the installation chamber is also provided with an N-level wiring board on the other side opposite to the outlet wiring board, and the N-level wiring board is electrically connected to the incoming wiring board through an N-level circuit board. The main body is arranged on the back side of the casing.

Further, the incoming wiring board is arranged above the movable contact and is electrically connected to the moving contact; the outgoing wiring board is located at the lower end of the installation chamber and is electrically connected to the static contact.

Compared with the prior art, the circuit breaker provided by the present invention has the following advantages: the circuit breaker provided by the present invention optimizes the layout structure of the internal mechanism, and this layout can increase the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker in an open state.

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 1 .

Figure 3 shows a schematic perspective view of the circuit breaker.

Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker in the closed state.

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of part B in FIG. 4 .

Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism and the short circuit protection mechanism.

Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of a stationary contact.

Figure 8 shows an exploded view of the short circuit protection mechanism.

Figure 9 shows a schematic view of the back of the circuit breaker.

Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly and operating mechanism.

Detailed ways

To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention is provided with the accompanying drawings. These drawings are a part of the disclosure of the present invention, which are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments, and can be used in conjunction with the relevant description of the specification to explain the operation principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. Components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are often used to represent similar components.

The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIGS. 1-10 , this embodiment provides a circuit breaker, including a housing 1, a handle 21, an operating mechanism 2, an opening and closing mechanism 3, an overload protection mechanism 4, a short-circuit protection mechanism 5, and an arc extinguishing mechanism 6. Into the wiring board 7 and out of the wiring board 8. The housing 1 in this embodiment is composed of a base 11 and an upper cover 12. The base 11 and the upper cover 12 cooperate with each other to form a handle 21, an operating mechanism 2, an opening and closing mechanism 3, an overload protection mechanism 4, and a short circuit protection mechanism. 5. The installation chamber of the arc extinguishing mechanism 6, the incoming terminal block 7 and the outgoing terminal block 8. The installation chamber has a substantially rectangular structure. For the convenience of description, the two ends of the installation chamber in the length direction are defined as the upper end and the lower end respectively. , and the two ends in the width direction are defined as the left end and the right end, respectively.

The handle 21 is installed on the upper end of the installation chamber, and a transmission assembly is connected to the bottom of the handle 21. The transmission assembly includes a first transmission rod 22, a rotating member 23, a second transmission rod 24 and a first torsion spring 29. The rotating member The middle part of 23 is pivotally connected to the casing 1 through the first rotating shaft 26, so that the rotating member 23 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 26; the two ends of the first transmission rod 22 are respectively connected to the lower end of the handle 21 and the rotating member On one end of 23, the two ends of the second transmission rod 24 are respectively connected to the other end of the rotating member 23 and the lock 28 of the operating mechanism 2. The foot is in contact with the rotating member 23 , and the pin at the other end is pressed against the latch 28 of the operating mechanism 2 . .

The operating mechanism 2 includes a linkage 25, a lock 28 and a first torsion spring 29. The middle of the linkage 25 is pivotally connected to the housing 1 through a second shaft 27, so that the linkage 25 can rotate around the second shaft 27 rotates, the middle of the lock 28 is pivotally connected to the housing 1 through the second shaft 27 , and the lock 28 rotates around the second shaft 27 and is connected with the second transmission rod 24 .

The opening and closing mechanism 3 includes a movable contact 31 and a stationary contact 32, wherein the movable contact 31 is fixed on the other end of the linkage 25 through the third rotating shaft 33; the second rotating shaft 27 is also installed with a second torsion spring 34, which One end of the second torsion spring 34 is in contact with the housing 1 , and the other end is clamped on the movable contact 31 .

When the circuit breaker performs the closing operation, the handle 21 pushes the first transmission rod 22 to make the rotating member 23 rotate, and then drives the second transmission rod 24 to drive the linkage member 25 and the latch 28 to rotate together around the second rotating shaft 27. The counterclockwise rotation of the head 31 is limited by the second transmission rod 24 so that the second rotating shaft 27 rotates together with the second transmission rod 24 , thereby realizing the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker. When the movable contact 31 rotates to contact with the stationary contact 32, the movable contact 31 cannot continue to rotate counterclockwise, while the operating mechanism 2 continues to rotate. When the handle 21 is limited by the base 11, the closing is completed, resulting in an overrun Procedure. The second torsion spring 34 provides the final pressure of the movable contact 31 .

During the opening operation, the locking state of the operating mechanism 2 is opened, the second transmission rod 24 and the rotating member 23 are limited by the base 11, the second torsion spring 34 provides the restoring force of the operating mechanism 2, and the first torsion spring 29 Provide the reset force of the rotating member 23 to reset the operating mechanism 2 to the initial position to complete the opening operation; and during the opening, the opening distance between the moving contact 31 and the static contact 32 begins to increase, and the arc voltage is fast. Raised, is conducive to arc extinguishing.

The operating mechanism 2 provided in this embodiment omits the conventional jump-buckle part, and simplifies the existing five-bar linkage mechanism into a four-bar linkage mechanism. Simple structure and high stability. In addition, the second torsion spring 34 is not only the return spring of the lock 28 but also the return spring of the rotating part 23, so that the installation process of the jumper and the fixing parts are reduced, and the assembly process and the number of parts can be saved. In addition, the overall design of the operating mechanism 2 is stacked installation, which is installed sequentially from bottom to top, the installation method is simple, automatic assembly can be realized, and the production cost of the product is greatly reduced.

In this embodiment, a handle locking key 211 and an installation buckle 212 are also installed on the side of the handle 21 , and the middle of the handle locking key 211 and the installation buckle 212 are both installed on the fourth rotating shaft 213 so that the handle The locking key 211 and the mounting buckle 212 can rotate around the fourth rotating shaft 213 . When the circuit breaker is installed in the cabinet, the handle locking key 211 rotates clockwise around the fourth rotating shaft 213 to release the handle locking key 211 from the limit of the handle 21, and the handle can be pressed downward. When the circuit breaker is to be pulled out from the cabinet, the installation clip 212 is limited in the cabinet. When the handle 21 is pulled to rotate the installation clip 212 clockwise, the installation clip 212 is released from the limit position of the cabinet, so that the product can be removed from the cabinet. This device can prevent the circuit breaker from being pulled out from the cabinet when the circuit breaker is not opened, and prevent arcing from the terminal board 8 at the rear end. Preferably, both the handle locking key 211 and the mounting buckle 212 have elastic features, which can provide restoring force.

In this embodiment, referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 , a space for installing the short-circuit protection mechanism 5 is formed on the right side of the movable contact 31 , and the space saved can be installed with a direct-push electromagnetic mechanism, because the direct-push electromagnetic mechanism Compared with the prior art using the snap-fit electromagnetic mechanism, the electromagnetic attraction force is larger, the action speed is faster, and the short-circuit breaking capacity can be improved.

Preferably, the connecting line between the axes of the first rotating shaft 26 and the second rotating shaft 27 is inclined from top to bottom. More preferably, the connecting line between the centers of the first rotating shaft 26 and the second rotating shaft 27 is approximately the same as the axis of the push rod of the electromagnetic mechanism. They are arranged in parallel, so that a space for installing the short-circuit protection mechanism 5 is formed on the right side of the movable contact 31, and the space saved can be installed with a direct push electromagnetic mechanism, and the direct push electromagnetic mechanism is placed obliquely, so that the space is more efficient. Larger, longer type of moving iron core can be selected to increase the electromagnetic thrust of the electromagnetic mechanism, so that the operating mechanism can be opened faster, and the breaking capacity is greater. The electromagnetic suction force of the mechanism is larger and the action speed is faster, which can improve the short-circuit breaking capacity.

At the same time, the space under the electromagnetic mechanism can be saved as the movement space when the double metal of the overload protection mechanism is deformed. The overload protection mechanism 4 in this embodiment includes a delay push rod 41 and a trigger 42 . The trigger 42 in this embodiment is a double metal, and one end of the double metal is threaded on the connecting plate 44 through a locking screw 43, and the locking screw 43 can drive the connecting plate 44 and the double metal to rotate together, thereby realizing the delay adjustment. ; The other end of the double gold is set opposite to the delay push rod 41, so that the double gold can push the delay push rod 41 to unlock the lock 28 after being deformed by heat, so as to make the operating mechanism 2 open, thereby realizing overload protection. In this embodiment, the delay push rod 41 and the trigger 42 are arranged directly below the short-circuit protection mechanism 5, that is, the short-circuit protection mechanism 5 and the overload protection mechanism 4 are arranged on the same side, which can increase the space utilization rate and make the circuit breaker The inner wall parts are arranged more compactly, so as to realize the functions of short-circuit protection and overload protection in a limited space.

The short-circuit protection mechanism 5 includes a push rod 51 , a coil 52 , a moving iron core 53 and an iron core spring 54 , wherein the iron core spring 54 provides a restoring force for the moving iron core 53 . One end of the push rod 51 is disposed opposite to the lock 28, and the other end is driven and connected to the moving iron core 53, so that when a short-circuit current occurs, the moving iron core 53 is acted by the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil 52, thereby driving the push rod 51 to move. The lock catch 28 is unlocked, and the operating mechanism 2 is opened to separate the movable contact 31 and the stationary contact 32, thereby realizing short-circuit protection.

When the short-circuit current comes, the push rod 51 of the short-circuit protection mechanism 5 can directly push the first feature portion 281 on the lock catch 28 that is opposite to the push rod 51, so that the lock catch 28 rotates, and the second feature portion on the lock catch 28 282 strikes the moving contact 31, causing a small distance between the moving contact 31 and the static contact 32, which greatly enhances the current limiting ability during breaking and increases the breaking capacity.

The arc-extinguishing mechanism 6 in this embodiment includes a grid-type arc-extinguishing chamber 60 , which is fixedly installed in the middle and lower part of the installation chamber and located below the operating mechanism 2 . An arc striking plate 61 is also installed below the movable contact 31, and the upper end of the arc striking plate 61 extends to the side of the movable contact 31, so that when the movable contact 31 and the static contact 32 are separated, the The arc can jump to the arc striking plate 61, and the lower end of the arc striking plate 61 is connected with the arc extinguishing chamber 60, so that the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber 60 along the arc striking plate 61 under the action of electric power to extinguish the arc in the arc extinguishing chamber 60. , the arc striking plate 61 enables the arc to enter the arc extinguishing chamber faster, increases the arc voltage, is conducive to arc extinguishing, and can improve the short-circuit breaking capacity.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the stationary contact 32 includes a contact portion 321 and a pilot arc 322 connected to the contact portion 321 , wherein the contact portion 321 is disposed opposite the movable contact 31 to The movable contact 31 can be in contact with the contact portion 321 of the stationary contact 32 during the closing operation. After the moving contact 31 and the static contact 32 are separated, the arc pilot track 322 can enter the arc extinguishing chamber 60 along the arc pilot track 322 to extinguish the arc under the action of the electric power. Short circuit breaking capacity.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the stationary contact 32 has a yoke 323 connected to the contact 321 and extending to the side of the coil 52 , and the yoke 323 also has a moving iron. The core 53 is facing the convex hull 324 , the function of the convex hull 324 is similar to that of a static iron core, and has the function of gathering and enhancing the magnetic field generated by the coil 52 , and the convex hull 324 has a hole for the end of the push rod 51 to pass through. through hole 3241. The static contact in this embodiment integrates the functions of the yoke and the arc striking plate, which simplifies the design of parts, reduces the number of parts, makes assembly simpler, and can realize automated production.

The incoming wiring board 7 is located above the movable contact 31 and is electrically connected to the movable contact 31 ;

Referring to FIG. 9 , the lower end of the installation chamber is also provided with an N-level wiring board 9 on the opposite side of the outlet wiring board 8 , and the N-level wiring board 9 is electrically connected to the incoming wiring board 7 through an N-level circuit board 91 . The main body of the N-level circuit board 91 is arranged in the wiring groove on the back side of the casing 1 to avoid the mechanism on the front side of the casing 1, so that the front side of the casing 1 has a larger mechanism layout space, which is beneficial to the front side. Layout design and assembly of side mechanisms.

Although the present invention has been particularly shown and described in connection with preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that changes in form and detail may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Various changes are made within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A circuit breaker, comprising a housing with an installation chamber, a handle installed in the installation chamber, an operating mechanism, a moving contact, a static contact, an overload protection mechanism, a short-circuit protection mechanism, an arc extinguishing mechanism, an incoming terminal board and The terminal board is characterized in that: the bottom of the handle is connected to a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly is drivingly connected to the operating mechanism, the short-circuit protection mechanism is installed directly below the handle, and the operating mechanism is located in the shell of the short-circuit protection mechanism. The side in the width direction of the body is arranged opposite to the short-circuit protection mechanism. 2 . The circuit breaker according to claim 1 , wherein the transmission assembly comprises a first transmission rod, a rotating member, a second transmission rod and a first torsion spring, and the middle part of the rotating member is pivoted through the first rotating shaft. 3 . connected to the housing, the two ends of the first transmission rod are respectively connected to the lower end of the handle and one end of the rotating member, the two ends of the second transmission rod are respectively connected to the other end of the rotating member and the operating mechanism, The middle part of the first torsion spring is pivotally connected to the rotating member, one end pin of the first torsion spring abuts on the rotating member, and the other end pin presses the operating mechanism. 3 . The circuit breaker according to claim 2 , wherein the operating mechanism comprises a locking piece and a linking piece, the middle part of the linking piece is pivotally connected to the housing through a second rotating shaft, and the locking piece The middle part of the piece is pivotally connected to the casing through a second rotating shaft, and the locking piece rotates around the second rotating shaft and is connected with the second transmission rod. 4 . The circuit breaker according to claim 3 , wherein the movable contact is fixed on the other end of the linkage member through a third rotating shaft, and a second torsion spring is also installed on the second rotating shaft. 5 . One end of the two torsion springs is in contact with the casing, and the other end of the torsion spring is clamped on the movable contact. 5 . The circuit breaker according to claim 3 , wherein the short-circuit protection mechanism comprises a push rod, a coil, a moving iron core and an iron core spring, wherein the iron core spring provides a restoring force for the moving iron core, and the One end of the push rod is drivingly connected with the moving iron core, and the other end is arranged opposite to the operating mechanism, so that the push rod can unlock the operating mechanism. 6 . The circuit breaker according to claim 5 , wherein the connecting line between the axes of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is inclined from top to bottom. 7 . 7 . The circuit breaker according to claim 6 , wherein the connecting line between the axes of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is substantially parallel to the axis of the push rod. 8 . 8 . The circuit breaker according to claim 5 , wherein the static contact has a magnetic yoke portion extending beside the coil, and the magnetic yoke portion further has a convex hull portion disposed opposite to the moving iron core. 9 . , and the convex hull is provided with a through hole for the end of the push rod to pass through. 9 . The circuit breaker according to claim 1 , wherein the overload protection mechanism comprises a delay push rod and a double gold trigger, and the extension push rod and the double gold trigger are arranged directly below the short circuit protection mechanism. 10 . , the double gold trigger can push the delay push rod to unlock the lock assembly after being deformed by heat. 10 . The circuit breaker according to claim 1 , wherein the arc-extinguishing mechanism is arranged directly below the operating mechanism, and the static contact extends to the side of the arc-extinguishing mechanism and is electrically connected to the arc-extinguishing mechanism. 11 . Set the pilot path. 11 . The circuit breaker according to claim 10 , wherein the arc extinguishing mechanism is further provided with an arc pilot plate on the other side opposite to the arc pilot path of the static contact, and the lower end of the arc pilot plate is connected to the arc extinguishing plate. 12 . The arc mechanism is electrically connected and arranged, and its upper end extends to the side of the movable contact. 12 . The circuit breaker according to claim 1 , wherein the other side of the lower end of the installation chamber opposite to the outlet wiring board further has an N-level wiring board, and the N-level wiring board passes through an N-level loop. 13 . The board is conductively connected to the incoming terminal board, and the main body of the N-level circuit board is arranged on the back side of the housing. 13 . The circuit breaker according to claim 1 , wherein the incoming terminal block is arranged above the movable contact and is electrically connected to the movable contact; the outgoing terminal block is located at the lower end of the installation chamber. 14 . , which is set in electrical connection with the static contact.

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