CN111844372A - Semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving - Google Patents
Semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111844372A CN111844372A CN202010745546.5A CN202010745546A CN111844372A CN 111844372 A CN111844372 A CN 111844372A CN 202010745546 A CN202010745546 A CN 202010745546A CN 111844372 A CN111844372 A CN 111844372A
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- carving
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
- B44C1/225—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching by engraving
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ceramic production, in particular to a semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving, which solves the technical problems of lower working efficiency and higher cost in the existing ceramic product production and comprises the following steps: firstly, pressing and conveying raw materials into an extrusion device, cutting the raw materials into blanks after extrusion, and dropping the blanks into a tray on a conveying device; secondly, transferring to a top pressing device, and matching an extrusion rod with an extrusion cylinder to perform the blank to form a rough blank; thirdly, primary drying is carried out on the rough blank by using a drying chamber, and rough carving is carried out on the rough blank to form a rough carving material blank; fourthly, feeding the rough carving material blank into a furnace kiln for primary firing to obtain rough ceramics; fifthly, finely engraving the coarse ceramic by using a fine engraving device to obtain finely engraved ceramic; sixthly, feeding the carved ceramic into a kiln for secondary firing; and seventhly, taking out the carved ceramic, and grinding and polishing to obtain a finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramic production, in particular to a semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving.
Background
At present, the production of ceramic products still mostly continues to use the traditional mode, i.e. the flow of molding, carving and firing is continued to be performed manually, but such a flow is relatively inefficient for industrial application, cannot achieve higher production efficiency, and relatively, the price is often higher, such as chinese patent No.: CN200610035988.0 discloses a carving process for ceramics, which adopts high-quality porcelain clay, special porcelain glaze pigment and multiple sharp instruments to carve patterns on a formed porcelain blank and a mould, and the ceramic blank and the mould are blown, hung with colored porcelain glaze and decorated to be fired into ceramic products with strong stereoscopic impression and clear layers. For some artware for placement, on the basis of not pursuing artistic value, how to realize the reduction of cost is more important.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, aiming at the problems, the invention provides a semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving, which solves the technical problems of low working efficiency and high cost in the existing ceramic product production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a semi-automatic production process for ceramic engraving comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, raw materials are pressed and fed into an extrusion device, the extrusion device is used for extrusion, the raw materials are cut into blanks after being extruded, the blanks fall into a conveying device, a tray used for bearing the blanks is arranged on the conveying device, extrusion cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of the tray, and half dies are respectively arranged on piston rods of the two extrusion cylinders;
secondly, the conveying device drives the material blank on the tray to be transferred to a jacking device, the jacking device is located above the conveying device, the jacking device comprises a forming cylinder and an extrusion rod arranged on a piston rod of the forming cylinder, the extrusion rod extends out to extrude the material blank, meanwhile, the extrusion cylinder pushes two half dies to be mutually attached to realize the extrusion of the material blank, and the extrusion rod is matched with the extrusion cylinder to realize the preforming of the material blank to form a rough blank;
thirdly, primary drying is carried out on the rough blank by using a drying chamber, the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃, the drying time is less than 20s, the rough blank is transferred to a carving station, a positioning device is arranged above the rough carving station, the positioning device comprises a positioning cylinder and a positioning rod arranged on a piston rod of the positioning cylinder, the positioning rod can penetrate into the rough blank, and then the rough blank is roughly carved by using a rough carving device to form a rough carving blank;
fourthly, feeding the rough carving blank into a furnace kiln for primary firing, wherein the temperature of the furnace kiln is 1200-1250 ℃, the firing time is 8-10 h, and then cooling to obtain rough ceramics;
fifthly, after the coarse ceramic is taken out, the fine engraving device is used for fine engraving the coarse ceramic to obtain fine engraved ceramic;
sixthly, delivering the carved ceramic into a furnace kiln for secondary firing, wherein the temperature of the furnace kiln is 1500-1600 ℃, the firing time is 12-14 h, and then cooling;
and seventhly, taking out the carved ceramic, and grinding and polishing to obtain a finished product.
Further, when roughly carving or the accurate carving is carved, carry out spray treatment, the atomising head is located the top of the article of being carved, and is equipped with the draught fan below the article of being carved.
Further, extrusion device below is equipped with the positioner who is used for guiding the material base to be located the tray, positioner includes the lift cylinder, locates the guide cylinder on the lift cylinder, the guide cylinder includes the conical end on upper portion, the leading end of being connected with the conical end, and when the tray removed to extrusion device below along with conveyor, the lift cylinder drove the guide cylinder and descends to the tray on, and extrusion device extrudes the material base, and the material base falls into the tray through the guide of guide cylinder, and then the lift cylinder drives the guide cylinder and rises, and then conveyor drives the material base transfer on the tray.
The raw materials are fed into the extrusion device through a feeding platform in a pressing mode, the raw materials are fed into the feeding platform through a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism comprises a driving roller, a driven roller, a chain wrapping the two ends of the driving roller and the driven roller, and a plurality of object carriers arranged on the chain, each object carrier comprises an object carrying plate and a limiting plate, the object carrying plates and the limiting plates are integrally formed, the included angle between the object carrying plates and the limiting plates is smaller than 90 degrees, when the object carrying plates are in a horizontal lifting state, the included angle between the object carrying plates and the horizontal plane is larger than 15 degrees, object carrying folded plates are arranged on the free ends of the object carrying plates in an extending mode in the direction far away from the limiting plates, the limiting folded plates are arranged on the free ends of the limiting plates in an extending mode in the direction far away from the object carrying plates, water inlet pipes communicated with external water sources are arranged.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving can basically realize automation except the firing step, and is mainly used for processing and forming cylindrical ceramics, in particular to the processing and forming of the cylindrical ceramics with complex embossment on the surface. Because the firing process is a strict process and takes a long time, the automatic process is not suitable, and more waste products are easily caused. Extrusion at the raw materials, the preforming is rough embryo, the process of rough carving can adopt automation, thereby effectively realize personnel's reduction, and technical requirement's reduction, wherein the preforming can realize the shaping of the shape on product surface, but because perforation, the fretwork of partial relief (sculpture) are the unable fashioned of mould, just need utilize the engraver to realize this time, and utilize the primary drying to carry out partial stoving to the surface of stock, the purpose is to prevent that the structure position under the mould preforming state is unstable, factor such as deformation when causing the sculpture. And then, firing for the first time to enable the ceramic product to be basically molded, and then finely carving and firing for the second time to be completely molded. The production process has the advantages of low cost, less technical requirements and good stability of finished products, and can realize the processing production of the cylindrical ceramic with complex embossment.
2. The positioning device is arranged, so that the material blank after extrusion can be positioned better, subsequent die forming is facilitated, and the guide cylinder can effectively prevent interference through the lifting of the lifting cylinder.
3. The lifting mechanism is arranged, so that automatic feeding of raw materials can be effectively realized, automation is effectively improved, and due to the fear of volatilization of water of the raw materials, the spraying head is further arranged to supplement the water in the air, and the main purpose of spraying is to supplement the water of the air of the surrounding environment of the raw materials instead of supplementing the water of the raw materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the lift mechanism;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the top pressing device matched with the conveying device, the tray and the extrusion cylinder.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a semi-automated production process for ceramic engraving, comprising the following steps:
firstly, raw materials are sent to a feeding platform 1 through a lifting mechanism, the raw materials are sent to an extrusion device through the feeding platform 1, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting support 21, a driving roller 22, a driven roller 23, a chain 24 wrapping the two ends of the driving roller 22 and the driven roller 23, and a plurality of object carriers 25 arranged on the chain 24, each object carrier 25 comprises an object carrying plate 251 and a limiting plate 252, the object carrying plate 251 and the limiting plate 252 are integrally formed, an included angle between the object carrying plate 251 and the limiting plate 252 is 80 degrees, and the included angle can be other angles smaller than 90 degrees and larger than 60 degrees, when the object carrying plate 25 is in a horizontal lifting state, the included angle between the object carrying plate 251 and a horizontal plane is 20 degrees, and the included angle can be other angles larger than 15 degrees and smaller than 30 degrees. A loading flap 2511 is provided at the free end of the loading plate 251 extending in a direction away from the limiting plate 252, and a limiting flap 2521 is provided at the free end of the limiting plate 252 extending in a direction away from the loading plate 251. A water inlet pipe 26 communicated with an external water source is arranged on one side of the rack 25, and a plurality of spray heads 27 are arranged on the water inlet pipe 26 corresponding to each rack. The extrusion device 3 is used for extrusion, the extrusion is carried out, a blank is cut to form a blank, the blank is made to fall into the conveying device 4, a tray 41 used for supporting the blank is arranged on the conveying device 4, a positioning device used for guiding the blank to be positioned on the tray is arranged below the extrusion device 3, the positioning device comprises a lifting cylinder 51 and a guide cylinder 52 arranged on the lifting cylinder 51, the guide cylinder 52 comprises an upper conical end 521 and a guide end 522 connected with the conical end 521, when the tray 41 moves to the lower portion of the extrusion device 3 along with the conveying device 4, the lifting cylinder 51 drives the guide cylinder 52 to descend onto the tray 41, the extrusion device 3 extrudes the blank, the blank falls into the tray 41 through the guide of the guide cylinder, then the lifting cylinder 51 drives the guide cylinder 52 to ascend, the rear conveying device 4 drives the tray 41 to move, the extrusion cylinders 42 are respectively arranged on two sides of, the piston rods of the two extrusion cylinders 42 are respectively provided with a half mould 43, and the half moulds can be provided with patterns and shapes according to actual requirements so as to present different reliefs;
secondly, the conveying device 4 drives the blank 9 on the tray 41 to be transferred to a top pressing device, the top pressing device is located above the conveying device 4 and comprises a forming cylinder 61 and an extrusion rod 62 arranged on a piston rod of the forming cylinder 61, the extrusion rod 62 extends out to extrude the blank, meanwhile, the extrusion cylinder 42 pushes two half dies 43 to be mutually attached to realize extrusion of the blank, and the extrusion rod and the extrusion cylinder are matched to realize preforming of the blank to form a rough blank;
thirdly, primary drying is carried out on the rough blank by using a drying chamber, the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃, the drying time is less than 20s, the rough blank is transferred to a carving station, a positioning device is arranged above the rough carving station, the positioning device comprises a positioning cylinder and a positioning rod arranged on a piston rod of the positioning cylinder, the structure of the positioning device is the same as that of a jacking device, the positioning rod can penetrate into the rough blank, and then the rough blank is roughly carved by using a rough carving device to form a rough carving blank;
fourthly, feeding the rough carving blank into a furnace kiln for primary firing, wherein the temperature of the furnace kiln is 1200-1250 ℃, the firing time is 8-10 h, and then cooling to obtain rough ceramics;
fifthly, after the coarse ceramic is taken out, the fine engraving device is used for fine engraving the coarse ceramic to obtain fine engraved ceramic;
sixthly, delivering the carved ceramic into a furnace kiln for secondary firing, wherein the temperature of the furnace kiln is 1500-1600 ℃, the firing time is 12-14 h, and then cooling;
and seventhly, taking out the carved ceramic, and grinding and polishing to obtain a finished product.
When roughly carving or the finish carving, carry out spray treatment, the atomising head is located the top of the article of being carved, and is equipped with the draught fan below the article of being carved. The rough engraving device and the fine engraving device are conventional apparatuses in the art, and the structures thereof are well known and will not be described herein. The above-mentioned kiln, conveying device, spray head and other devices are also known devices, and their structures are known and not described herein.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving can basically realize automation except the firing step, and is mainly used for processing and forming cylindrical ceramics, in particular to the processing and forming of the cylindrical ceramics with complex embossment on the surface. Because the firing process is a strict process and takes a long time, the automatic process is not suitable, and more waste products are easily caused. Extrusion at the raw materials, the preforming is rough embryo, the process of rough carving can adopt automation, thereby effectively realize personnel's reduction, and technical requirement's reduction, wherein the preforming can realize the shaping of the shape on product surface, but because perforation, the fretwork of partial relief (sculpture) are the unable fashioned of mould, just need utilize the engraver to realize this time, and utilize the primary drying to carry out partial stoving to the surface of stock, the purpose is to prevent that the structure position under the mould preforming state is unstable, factor such as deformation when causing the sculpture. And then, firing for the first time to enable the ceramic product to be basically molded, and then finely carving and firing for the second time to be completely molded. The production process has the advantages of low cost, less technical requirements and good stability of finished products, and can realize the processing production of the cylindrical ceramic with complex embossment.
2. The positioning device is arranged, so that the material blank after extrusion can be positioned better, subsequent die forming is facilitated, and the guide cylinder can effectively prevent interference through the lifting of the lifting cylinder.
3. The lifting mechanism is arranged, so that automatic feeding of raw materials can be effectively realized, automation is effectively improved, and due to the fear of volatilization of water of the raw materials, the spraying head is further arranged to supplement the water in the air, and the main purpose of spraying is to supplement the water of the air of the surrounding environment of the raw materials instead of supplementing the water of the raw materials.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, raw materials are pressed and fed into an extrusion device, the extrusion device is used for extrusion, the raw materials are cut into blanks after being extruded, the blanks fall into a conveying device, a tray used for bearing the blanks is arranged on the conveying device, extrusion cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of the tray, and half dies are respectively arranged on piston rods of the two extrusion cylinders;
secondly, the conveying device drives the material blank on the tray to be transferred to a jacking device, the jacking device is located above the conveying device, the jacking device comprises a forming cylinder and an extrusion rod arranged on a piston rod of the forming cylinder, the extrusion rod extends out to extrude the material blank, meanwhile, the extrusion cylinder pushes two half dies to be mutually attached to realize the extrusion of the material blank, and the extrusion rod is matched with the extrusion cylinder to realize the preforming of the material blank to form a rough blank;
thirdly, primary drying is carried out on the rough blank by using a drying chamber, the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃, the drying time is less than 20s, the rough blank is transferred to a carving station, a positioning device is arranged above the rough carving station, the positioning device comprises a positioning cylinder and a positioning rod arranged on a piston rod of the positioning cylinder, the positioning rod can penetrate into the rough blank, and then the rough blank is roughly carved by using a rough carving device to form a rough carving blank;
fourthly, feeding the rough carving blank into a furnace kiln for primary firing, wherein the temperature of the furnace kiln is 1200-1250 ℃, the firing time is 8-10 h, and then cooling to obtain rough ceramics;
fifthly, after the coarse ceramic is taken out, the fine engraving device is used for fine engraving the coarse ceramic to obtain fine engraved ceramic;
sixthly, delivering the carved ceramic into a furnace kiln for secondary firing, wherein the temperature of the furnace kiln is 1500-1600 ℃, the firing time is 12-14 h, and then cooling;
and seventhly, taking out the carved ceramic, and grinding and polishing to obtain a finished product.
2. Semi-automated production process for ceramic engraving according to claim 1, characterized in that: when roughly carving or the finish carving, carry out spray treatment, the atomising head is located the top of the article of being carved, and is equipped with the draught fan below the article of being carved.
3. Semi-automated production process for ceramic engraving according to claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a tray, including extrusion device, locating device, guide cylinder, and when the tray removed to the extrusion device below along with conveyor, the guide cylinder drove the guide cylinder and descends to the tray, and extrusion device extrudes the material blank, and the material blank falls into the tray through the guide of guide cylinder, and then the lift cylinder drives the guide cylinder and rises, and then conveyor drives the material blank on the tray and shifts.
4. Semi-automated production process for ceramic engraving according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material conveying device comprises a material conveying platform, a lifting mechanism and a limiting plate, wherein the material conveying platform is used for conveying the material to the material conveying platform, the lifting mechanism comprises a driving roller, a driven roller, chains wrapping the two ends of the driving roller and the driven roller, and a plurality of material carrying frames arranged on the chains, each material carrying frame comprises a material carrying plate and a limiting plate, the material carrying plates and the limiting plates are integrally formed, the included angle between the material carrying plates and the limiting plates is smaller than 90 degrees, when the material carrying frames are in a horizontal lifting state, the included angle between the material carrying plates and the horizontal plane is larger than 15 degrees, the free ends of the material carrying plates extend towards the direction far away from the limiting plates and are provided with material carrying folded plates, one side of each material carrying frame is provided with a water inlet pipe communicated with an external water source, and a plurality of spray heads are.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010745546.5A CN111844372A (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010745546.5A CN111844372A (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Semi-automatic production process for ceramic carving |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112571584A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-30 | 孙黎明 | Electronic ceramic die-casting forming equipment |
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2020
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| US5362360A (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1994-11-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and product for extruding materials that exhibit anisotropic properties by means of reciprocating die surfaces |
| US20150218049A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2015-08-06 | E. Kashoggi Industries, Llc | Extruded fiber reinforced cementitious products having wood-like properties and ultrahigh strength and methods for making the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112571584A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-30 | 孙黎明 | Electronic ceramic die-casting forming equipment |
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Application publication date: 20201030 |
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