Cutter clamping device for boring special-shaped holes
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a cutter clamping device for boring a special-shaped hole.
Background
Boring refers to the further processing of forging, casting or drilling a hole. The boring hole can enlarge the aperture, improve the precision, reduce the surface roughness and correct the deflection of the original hole axis well.
In the production process, various large special-shaped holes such as large circular arc holes, large conical holes and the like are frequently machined, and the common boring machine only can machine cylindrical holes, has no function of machining the holes, and uses a forming cutter or a machining center for machining, so that the machining equipment of the machining center is high in price, and the corresponding machining cost is high.
Accordingly, it is desirable to invent a tool holding device for boring profiled holes to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cutter clamping device for boring a special-shaped hole, which has a simple structure, is scientific and reasonable, and is convenient for machining the special-shaped hole so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a cutter clamping device for boring a special-shaped hole comprises a clamping body, a mandrel, a locking plug screw, an end cover, a cutter sleeve, a cutter, an adjusting plug screw and an adjusting base;
The upper end of the clamping body is a Morse outer cone, the lower end of the clamping body is a cylindrical accommodating body, at least one sliding sleeve is arranged on the side part of the accommodating body, a first through hole is formed in the sliding sleeve, a first blind hole communicated with the inner cavity of the accommodating body is formed in the lower end of the Morse outer cone, and a long compression spring is arranged in the first blind hole;
The mandrel comprises an upper section and a lower section, the lower end of the long compression spring is abutted to the top end of the upper section of the mandrel, a second through hole is formed in the bottom of the accommodating body, the end cover is connected to the lower opening of the second through hole, a third through hole is formed in the bottom end of the end cover, the upper section of the mandrel is in sliding fit with the second through hole and the inner wall of the end cover, the lower section of the mandrel is in sliding fit with the third through hole, a guide mechanism A is arranged between the lower section of the mandrel and the end cover, the adjusting screw plug is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the lower section of the mandrel, and the internal screw thread of the adjusting base is in matching with the external screw thread of the adjusting screw plug;
The cutter sleeve is in a step shape, the cutter is detachably connected to the cutter sleeve, the external thread of the locking screw plug is matched with the internal thread at the top end of the sliding sleeve, a fourth through hole is formed in the locking screw plug, the outer cylinder at the tail end of the cutter sleeve is in sliding fit with the first through hole, a short compression spring is arranged between the tail end of the cutter sleeve and the locking screw plug, the outer contour of the short compression spring is in sliding fit with the first through hole, the outer cylinder at the head end of the cutter sleeve is in sliding fit with the fourth through hole, a spherical contact is arranged at the upper part of the end face of the tail end of the cutter sleeve, the spherical contact is in contact with a profiling surface at the upper section of the mandrel, and a guide mechanism B is arranged between the cutter sleeve and the sliding sleeve.
According to the further improved scheme, the first blind hole is in a step shape, the small hole at the upper end is in sliding fit with the outer contour of the long compression spring, the large hole at the lower end is in sliding fit with the upper section of the mandrel, the top end of the upper section of the mandrel is fixedly connected with an upper short shaft, and the outer cylinder of the upper short shaft is in transition fit with the inner hole of the long compression spring.
According to the further improved scheme, the bottom end of the lower section of the mandrel is fixedly connected with a lower short shaft, an outer cylinder of the lower short shaft is in interference fit with an inner hole of the thrust ball bearing, a second blind hole is formed in the upper end of the adjusting screw plug, and the second blind hole is in interference fit with an outer circle of a lower retainer ring of the thrust ball bearing.
The guide mechanism A comprises an inner hexagonal long cylinder end set screw and a guide groove, wherein the guide groove is arranged on the outer wall of the lower section of the mandrel, a transverse threaded through hole is formed in the third through hole of the end cover, the inner hexagonal long cylinder end set screw is in threaded fit with the threaded through hole, and a cylinder of the inner hexagonal long cylinder end set screw is in sliding fit with the guide groove.
According to the further improved scheme, a square third blind hole is formed in the head end of the cutter sleeve, the cutter is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the third blind hole, vertical threaded through holes are formed in the upper surfaces of the outer circles of the two ends of the cutter sleeve respectively, the cutter is locked in the third blind hole by the aid of the inner hexagonal compression bolt, and the inner hexagonal compression bolt is located on the outer side of the sliding sleeve.
According to a further improvement scheme, the guide mechanism B comprises a guide hole and an inner hexagonal pyramid end adjusting bolt, the long waist-shaped guide hole is formed in the upper end of the sliding sleeve, the inner hexagonal pyramid end adjusting bolt is in threaded fit with a threaded through hole at the tail end of the cutter sleeve, and the inner hexagonal pyramid end adjusting bolt is in sliding fit with the guide hole.
According to a further improvement scheme, the locking screw plug is in a step shape, and a small cylinder of the locking screw plug is in transition fit with an inner hole of the short compression spring.
The invention further adopts the improvement that the profiling surface of the upper section of the mandrel is a convex cambered surface, a concave cambered surface or a conical surface.
According to the further improved scheme, the sliding sleeve is two symmetrically arranged left and right, and the whole clamping body is T-shaped.
According to a further improvement scheme of the invention, an adjusting rod for adjusting the extending length of the cutter is arranged in the third blind hole, the adjusting rod is cylindrical and is in sliding fit with the third blind hole, one end of the adjusting rod is contacted with the tail end of the cutter, a chamfer is arranged at the other end of the adjusting rod, and the chamfer is contacted with the conical surface of the adjusting bolt at the end of the inner hexagonal pyramid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The cutter clamping device for boring the special-shaped hole has the advantages of simple structure, scientific and reasonable structure, high machining precision, low design and manufacturing cost and convenience in machining the special-shaped hole.
According to the cutter clamping device for boring the special-shaped holes, the mandrels with different shapes can be replaced to realize machining of various special-shaped holes such as concave arcs, convex arcs and conical shapes, and the machining range is enlarged.
The cutter clamping device for boring the special-shaped holes has a wide application range and can be widely applied to machine tools such as vertical boring machines, vertical milling machines, vertical drilling machines, radial drilling machines and the like.
According to the cutter clamping device for boring the special-shaped hole, the sliding sleeves are symmetrically arranged left and right, so that double-cutter cutting is guaranteed, rough and fine machining is realized, and production efficiency is improved.
According to the cutter clamping device for boring the special-shaped hole, the adjusting rod for adjusting the extending length of the cutter is arranged in the third blind hole, and the extending length of the cutter can be finely adjusted under the effect of pressing down the length adjusting rod chamfer by using the adjusting bolt at the inner hexagonal pyramid end, so that the size precision of the hole is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention when machining a concave arc hole.
Fig. 3 is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention when machining a male arc hole.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a structure of a clamping body according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a knife pouch according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the locking plug according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cap of the present invention.
In the figure, the clamping body 1-, the Morse outer cone 101-, the accommodating body 102-, the sliding sleeve 103-, the guiding hole 1031-, the 2-mandrel, the upper section of the 201-mandrel, the lower section of the 202-mandrel, the 203-profiling surface, the 204-upper short shaft, the 205-lower short shaft, the 206-guiding groove, the locking screw plug 3-, the end cover 4-, the knife sleeve 5-, the knife tool 6-, the adjusting screw plug 7-, the adjusting base 8-, the compressing spring 9-long, the spherical contact 10-, the thrust ball bearing 11-, the fixing screw 12-inner hexagonal long cylindrical end, the compressing screw 13-inner hexagonal, the adjusting screw 14-inner hexagonal pyramid end, the adjusting rod 15-adjusting rod and the compressing spring 16-short.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated below in connection with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1 As shown in FIGS. 1-7, a cutter clamping device for boring a special-shaped hole comprises a clamping body 1, a mandrel 2, a locking screw plug 3, an end cover 4, a cutter sleeve 5, a cutter 6, an adjusting screw plug 7 and an adjusting base 8; the upper end of the clamping body 1 is a Morse outer cone 101, the lower end of the clamping body is a cylindrical accommodating body 102, at least one sliding sleeve 103 is arranged on the side part of the accommodating body 102, a first through hole is arranged in the sliding sleeve 103, a first blind hole communicated with the inner cavity of the accommodating body 102 is arranged at the lower end of the Morse outer cone 101, and a long compression spring 9 is arranged in the first blind hole; the mandrel 2 comprises an upper section and a lower section, the lower end of the long compression spring 9 is abutted to the top end of the mandrel upper section 201, a second through hole is formed in the bottom of the accommodating body 102, the end cover 4 is fixedly connected to the lower opening of the second through hole through a hexagon head bolt, a third through hole is formed in the bottom end of the end cover 4, the mandrel upper section 201 is in sliding fit with the second through hole and the inner wall of the end cover 4, the mandrel lower section 202 is in sliding fit with the third through hole, a guide mechanism A is arranged between the mandrel lower section 202 and the end cover 4, the adjusting screw plug 7 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the mandrel lower section 202, and the internal threads of the adjusting base 8 are in external thread fit with the adjusting screw plug 7; the cutter sleeve 5 is in a step shape, the cutter 6 is detachably connected with the cutter sleeve 5, the locking screw plug 3 is in threaded fit with the top end of the sliding sleeve 103, a fourth through hole is arranged on the locking screw plug 3, the outer cylinder at the tail end of the cutter sleeve 5 is in sliding fit with the first through hole, a short compression spring 16 is arranged between the tail end of the cutter sleeve 5 and the locking screw plug 3, the outer contour of the short compression spring 16 is in sliding fit with the first through hole, the outer cylinder at the head end of the cutter sleeve 5 is in sliding fit with the fourth through hole, the upper part of the end face at the tail end of the cutter sleeve 5 is provided with a spherical contact 10, the spherical contact 10 is in contact with the profiling surface 203 of the upper section 201 of the mandrel, a guide mechanism B is arranged between the cutter sleeve 5 and the sliding sleeve 103, the first blind hole is in a step shape, the small hole at the upper end is in sliding fit with the long compression spring 9, the lower end large hole is in sliding fit with the mandrel upper section 201; an upper short shaft 204 is fixedly connected to the top end of the upper section 201 of the mandrel, and an outer cylinder of the upper short shaft 204 is in transition fit with an inner hole of the long compression spring 9; the bottom end of the mandrel lower section 202 is fixedly connected with a lower short shaft 205, the outer cylinder of the lower short shaft 205 is in interference fit with the inner hole of the thrust ball bearing 11, the upper end of the adjusting screw plug 7 is provided with a second blind hole, and the second blind hole is in interference fit with the outer circle of the lower retainer ring of the thrust ball bearing 11; the guiding mechanism A comprises an inner hexagonal long cylindrical end set screw 12 and a guiding groove 206, the guiding groove 206 is arranged on the outer wall of a lower section 202 of a mandrel, a transverse threaded through hole is arranged at a third through hole of the end cover 4, the inner hexagonal long cylindrical end set screw 12 is in threaded fit with the threaded through hole, a cylinder of the inner hexagonal long cylindrical end set screw 12 is in sliding fit with the guiding groove 206, a square third blind hole is arranged at the head end of the cutter sleeve 5, the cutter 6 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the third blind hole, vertical threaded through holes are respectively arranged on the upper surfaces of the outer circles of the two ends of the cutter sleeve 5, the cutter 6 is locked in the third blind hole by the inner hexagonal press bolt 13 and is located on the outer side of the sliding sleeve 103, the guiding mechanism B comprises a guiding hole 1031 and an inner hexagonal pyramid end adjusting bolt 14, the long waist-shaped guiding hole 1 is arranged at the upper end of the sliding sleeve 103, the inner hexagonal end adjusting bolt 14 is in threaded fit with the threaded through hole of the cutter sleeve 5, the inner hexagonal end adjusting bolt 14 is in sliding fit with the guiding hole 1031, the outer circle is in sliding fit with the locking plug 3 is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the inner conical taper end of the inner cylindrical end of the third blind hole, the locking plug 3 is in the shape, the compression groove is in the shape of a curve is a curve, and the curve is a curve is formed in the curve, and the curve is formed in the curve, and the curve is formed by the curve is formed in the curve and has a shape, and is formed in the curve and has a shape and has a curve and is formed in shape, and is in shape and a curve and is shaped and a and has and a shape and is and, the sliding sleeve 103 is provided with two concave cambered surfaces, conical surfaces and the like, which are symmetrically arranged left and right, and the whole clamping body 1 is T-shaped.
Embodiment 2 this embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and the main improvement is that the fine adjustment of the extension length of the cutter 6 cannot be achieved in use of embodiment 1, and in this embodiment, the above-mentioned drawbacks, specifically, can be avoided:
The third blind hole is internally provided with an adjusting rod 15 for adjusting the extending length of the cutter 6, the adjusting rod 15 is cylindrical and is in sliding fit with the third blind hole, one end of the adjusting rod 15 is in contact with the tail end of the cutter 6, the other end of the adjusting rod 15 is provided with a chamfer, the chamfer is in contact with the conical surface of the inner hexagonal pyramid end adjusting bolt 14, when the cutter 6 extending length adjusting device is used, the adjusting rod 15 for adjusting the cutter 6 extending length is arranged in the third blind hole, and the extending length of the cutter 6 can be finely adjusted under the effect that the inner hexagonal pyramid end adjusting bolt 14 presses down the chamfer of the length adjusting rod 15, so that the size precision of a hole is ensured.
Otherwise, this embodiment is identical to embodiment 1, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.
The specific working principle of the invention is as follows:
Before machining, selecting a corresponding mandrel 2 according to the shape of a hole, assembling the device according to fig. 1, selecting a proper cutter 6 and a length adjusting rod 15 according to the size of the hole, ensuring that the height of the cutter tips of the two cutters 6 differs by 1-3 mm and the extending length differs by about 1mm, ensuring that the size of a machined hole with the extending length of the long cutter 6 is the final size of the hole, ensuring that the rough and finish machining of the inner hole is finished once, slightly loosening a cutter 6 compression bolt, tightening an inner hexagonal pyramid end adjusting bolt 14, and finely adjusting the extending length of the cutter 6 under the action of pressing the chamfer of the adjusting rod 15 by means of the lower conical surface of the cutter and the chamfer of the adjusting rod 15 by means of cone pressing so as to ensure the size precision of the hole.
During processing, firstly, the center of a circle of a hole and the axis of a spindle are aligned coaxially, then, a machine tool spindle and an adjusting base 8 are adjusted, so that the height of the tool nose of a tool 6 is slightly higher than the upper plane of the hole, meanwhile, the bottom surface of the adjusting base 8 is contacted with the table surface of a machine tool workbench, finally, the spindle is automatically fed downwards, under the guiding action of a long compression spring 9 and an inner hexagonal long cylindrical end set screw 12, the spindle 2 keeps motionless up and down, the clamping body 1 drives the tool 6 to rotate from top to bottom, under the guiding action of a short compression spring 16 and an inner hexagonal pyramid end adjusting bolt 14, a spherical contact 10 on the end surface of the tail end of a tool sleeve 5 is always contacted with a profiling surface 203 of the spindle 2, so that the tool nose of the tool runs according to the profile of the profiling surface 203, and finally, the processing of a molding surface is finished.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.