CN111840780B - 适用于ecmo期间血液净化装置的管路适配器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域,特别涉及一种适用于ECMO期间血液净化装置的管路适配器,包括总管和支管,总管的一端连接至ECMO引流管,另一端处设有一分流阀,支管设置两根,分别为第一支管、第二支管,所述的第一支管和第二支管分别连接至所述的分流阀上;所述的第一支管上设有第一蠕动泵,且该第一支管的出口连接至ECMO氧合器,所述的第二支管上设有第二蠕动泵,且该第二支管的出口连接至CRRT过滤器;本发明通过分流阀与第一、第二蠕动泵的有机结合,使得第一支管和第二支管各自契合管路流量与压力的要求,特别是第二支管不会因为流量太大而引起高压报警,且不需要单独的流量限制器改变流量,降低了溶血和血栓的风险。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域,特别涉及一种适用于ECMO期间血液净化装置的管路适配器。
背景技术
体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,ECMO)是一项体外生命支持技术,可代替心肺功能,为心肺功能衰竭患者提供稳定的循环血量,及时有效地恢复心、脑等重要脏器的血供和氧供,为危重症患者的救治赢得时间和机会。ECMO系统主要由氧合器(膜肺)、离心泵和管路组成,管路作为氧合器和离心泵与患者的桥梁,将三者连接,具体的,利用动静脉插管与患者的血管连接,将患者的静脉血引出体外,经氧合器完成气体交换(排出二氧化碳、吸收氧气)后,静脉血变成动脉血,再经动脉插管送入患者的动脉系统,为心肺衰竭患者的组织器官提供稳定的循环血量。
连续性肾脏替代疗法(Continuous renal replacement therapy,CRRT)是指每天连续24小时进行血液净化以替代受损肾脏功能,将患者血液引出体外,通过滤膜弥散、对流和吸附作用,清除血液内某些代谢废物或有毒物质,再将血液引回体内,具有强大的血液净化作用。
目前有很多的疾病往往不仅只是心肺功能障碍,还伴有肾脏的损伤,在这种情况下,单独使用ECMO或CRRT难以起到抢救患者的目的,通常情况下需要同时使用ECMO和CRRT,但是,若为ECMO和CRRT建立两条血液转流通路时,意味着要在患者的身上开设出两组创伤口;并且在CRRT的使用过程中需要使用较大剂量的抗凝,因此这种方法增加了患者的痛苦,且增加了感染、机械损伤的风险和抗凝管理的难度。另一种构思是将CRRT设备与ECMO设备进行连接使用,但是需要注意的是,ECMO将血液送入体内要维持周身组织器官的血流量,需要提供巨大的动力,因此ECMO的管路内血液流速高,压力大;在普通的血液透析中,血流速度往往较慢,因为回路血流更新过快一方面可能导致血滤清除过渡,另一方面过高的流量压力会使机器动脉压持续报警。目前常规的方法是加入一个流量限制器,但是流量限制器的直接接入会容易产生紊流,带来了潜在的溶血和血栓风险。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中ECMO设备与CRRT设备连用过程中所存在的弊端,本发明提供了一种适用于ECMO期间血液净化装置的管路适配器,其能够将ECMO引流管内的血液按比例进行分流,并按不同的流速分别输送到ECMO的氧合器和CRRT过滤器中,实现对患者血液氧合以及血液的净化功能。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:
一种适用于ECMO期间血液净化装置的管路适配器,包括:
总管,其一端连接至ECMO引流管,另一端处设有一分流阀;
支管,设置两根,分别为第一支管、第二支管,所述的第一支管和第二支管分别连接至所述的分流阀上;
其中,所述的第一支管上设有第一蠕动泵,且该第一支管的出口连接至ECMO氧合器,所述的第二支管上设有第二蠕动泵,且该第二支管的出口连接至CRRT过滤器;
待氧合净化的血液自所述ECMO引流管引出后通过所述总管分别进入第一支管和第二支管,且在第一蠕动泵和第二蠕动泵的驱动下分别进入ECMO氧合器和CRRT过滤器。
优选条件下,所述第一支管与第二支管的流量之比为8:2。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的管路适配器中,通过分流阀与第一、第二蠕动泵的有机结合,使得第一支管和第二支管各自契合管路流量与压力的要求,特别是第二支管不会因为流量太大而引起高压报警,且不需要单独的流量限制器改变流量,降低了溶血和血栓的风险。
通过采用本发明提供的管路适配器对ECMO设备和CRRT设备进行衔接,使得两设备不用分别置管,即避免了在患者身体上分别形成创口来构建两条互不影响的血液转流通路,降低了患者的痛苦,同时也降低了感染和机械损伤的风险。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式中予以详细说明。
附图说明
图1示出为根据本发明实施方式提供的一种适用于ECMO期间血液净化装置的管路适配器的示意图;
图中标号说明:10-总管,11-分流阀,20-支管,21-第一支管,211-第一蠕动泵,22-第二支管,221-第二蠕动泵,30-ECMO氧合器,40-CRRT过滤器。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体附图,进一步阐明本发明。
需要说明的是,在本发明中,当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件,它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件,它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文中所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的,并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1所示,本发明提供了一种适用于ECMO期间血液净化装置的管路适配器,其包括总管10和支管20,所述总管10的一端连接至ECMO引流管,该ECMO引流管的作用是将患者体内的血液引出,在氧合完成后经动脉插管注回患者体内;所述总管10的另一端处设有一分流阀11。所述的支管20设置有两根,分别为第一支管21和第二支管22,所述的第一支管21和第二支管22分别连接至所述的分流阀11上。其中,所述的第一支管21上设有第一蠕动泵211,且该第一支管21的出口连接至ECMO氧合器30,所述的第二支管22上设有第二蠕动泵221,且该第二支管22的出口连接至CRRT过滤器40。
待氧合净化的血液自所述ECMO引流管引出后通过所述总管10分别进入第一支管21和第二支管22,且在第一蠕动泵211和第二蠕动泵221的驱动下分别进入ECMO氧合器30和CRRT过滤器40。
本发明中,通过该管路适配器将ECMO引流管引出的血液按比例进行分流,一股血液经过CRRT过滤器40,实现对血液的净化作用;另一股血液经ECMO氧合器30完成血液氧合作用,将血液中的二氧化碳换出,新鲜的氧气溶入;最后再汇流入患者体内。具体的,设置在总管10端部的分流阀11将血液分流,使其分别进入到第一支管21和第二支管22中,利用第一蠕动泵211和第二蠕动泵221将血液按一定的流量比例分别输送至ECMO氧合器30和CRRT过滤器40,实现对血液的氧合和净化作用。
进一步的,根据本发明,所述第一支管21与第二支管22的流量之比为8:2。本发明提供的第一、第二蠕动泵的特点是对压力不敏感,且精度非常高,可以精准的控制第一、第二支管的血液流量;该第一、第二蠕动泵即作为该管路适配器的动力源,并严格控制第一、第二支管的血液流量,如此可有效的控制第二支管22流入CRRT过滤器40的血液流量,压力也会明显降低,以满足CRRT过滤器40的过滤要求。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的特点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明的范围内。本发明要求保护的范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (1)
1.一种适用于ECMO期间血液净化装置的管路适配器,其特征在于,包括:
总管(10),其一端连接至ECMO引流管,另一端处设有一分流阀(11);
支管(20),设置两根,分别为第一支管(21)、第二支管(22),所述第一支管(21)和第二支管(22)相互独立,所述的第一支管(21)和第二支管(22)分别连接至所述的分流阀(11)上;
其中,所述的第一支管(21)上设有第一蠕动泵(211),且该第一支管(21)的出口连接至ECMO氧合器(30),所述的第二支管(22)上设有第二蠕动泵(221),且该第二支管(22)的出口连接至CRRT过滤器(40);
待氧合净化的血液自所述ECMO引流管引出后通过所述总管(10)分别进入第一支管(21)和第二支管(22),且在第一蠕动泵(211)和第二蠕动泵(221)的驱动下分别进入ECMO氧合器(30)和CRRT过滤器(40);
所述第一支管(21)与第二支管(22)的流量之比为8:2。
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