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CN111817579A - 集成的dc母线和dc链路电容器 - Google Patents

集成的dc母线和dc链路电容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111817579A
CN111817579A CN202010282952.2A CN202010282952A CN111817579A CN 111817579 A CN111817579 A CN 111817579A CN 202010282952 A CN202010282952 A CN 202010282952A CN 111817579 A CN111817579 A CN 111817579A
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Prior art keywords
bus
positive
negative
link capacitor
capacitor
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K·阮
G·牛
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Karma Automotive LLC
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Karma Automotive LLC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/258—Temperature compensation means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/08—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Ventilating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/228—Terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/32—Wound capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/38—Multiple capacitors, i.e. structural combinations of fixed capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/40—Structural combinations of fixed capacitors with other electric elements, the structure mainly consisting of a capacitor, e.g. RC combinations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
    • H05K7/20909—Forced ventilation, e.g. on heat dissipaters coupled to components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
    • H05K7/20927—Liquid coolant without phase change
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/02—Mountings
    • H01G2/04—Mountings specially adapted for mounting on a chassis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/02—Mountings
    • H01G2/06—Mountings specially adapted for mounting on a printed-circuit support
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及集成的DC母线和DC链路电容器。一种用于防止电动车辆中的DC链路电容器过热的系统，包括：具有正电极和负电极的DC链路电容器；一对母线，其中正母线连接到DC链路电容器的正电极，并且负母线连接到DC链路电容器的负电极；正母线和负母线之间的电介质层；连接到所述母线的一对DC输出连接器；以及位于母线下方并与母线接触的散热器。

Description

集成的DC母线和DC链路电容器
技术领域
本发明涉及用于电动车辆的DC链路电容器(DC link capacitor)和母线(busbar)。
背景技术
电动车辆将DC链路电容器用作其电力电子设备的一部分。DC链路电容器的形状通常为正方形或矩形，并且具有面向IGBT功率模块的正极和负极导体连接以进行DC连接。这种布局通常需要横穿电容器封装的外部形式、从电力逆变器模块(PIM)的DC(直流)输入延伸到DC链路电容器导体连接的一组正负母线。传统上，已经使用两种设计来实现此目的。首先，母线可以缠绕在电容器侧面上到达连接端子。其次，母线可以横穿电容器的顶部到达连接端子。不幸的是，这两种方法都有局限性，即母线的发热会导致电容器过热(这会限制电容器的寿命)。这些现有设计的另一个问题是，由于母线的长度(其从电力逆变器模块(PIM)的DC输入延伸到DC链路电容器连接端子)引起的较高的杂散电感值，可能导致不想要的DC电压纹波。
替代地，期望一种避免母线过热并且允许母线冷却(直接冷却至底盘或必要时冷却至底盘内的流体区域)的系统。因此，防止母线过热将延长电容器的使用寿命。优选地，该母线冷却系统将具有允许系统高效地运行优点，同时仍允许母线紧邻电容器定位。
发明内容
本系统将DC母线定位为与散热器接触，同时还将DC母线直接集成到DC链路电容器中。在优选方面，DC正母线集成到电容器绕组的正电极中，并且DC负母线集成到电容器绕组的负电极中。优选地，这两个集成的母线被电介质层分开。同样优选地，两个集成的母线共享相同的到IGBT功率模块的DC输出导体。
优选地，母线和DC链路连接端子被连接在电容器的下方，并且被定位在散热器的顶部上。在运行中，母线的任何发热都被简单地向下传递到电容器下方的散热器中。本系统的优点包括减少欧姆加热，同时降低成本，并且仍然保持相同的载流能力。
本系统的优点包括降低了由母线的额外长度引起的发热(与传统的母线相比)，降低了母线的电感，使用了母线的更大表面积通过与散热器接触进行冷却，并降低了母线的成本。
附图说明
图1是位于IGBT功率模块附近的现有DC链路电容器的俯视图。
图2是现有电容器设计的俯视图，其中母线缠绕在电容器的侧面。
图3是现有电容器设计的俯视图，其中母线在电容器的顶部上方延伸。
图4是本母线系统的侧视图，该母线系统将母线集成到电容器，其中母线连接至DC链路连接端子，并且母线在位于散热器上的电容器下方延伸。
具体实施方式
图1是位于IGBT功率模块附近的现有DC链路电容器的俯视图。可以看出，电容器1的长边面对IGBT功率模块3，使得DC链路电容器端子3邻近IGBT功率模块3定位。在这种布局中，通常使用两种不同的母线定位策略。具体地，如图2所示，正母线和负母线5从DC链路连接端子6到PIM DC输入4缠绕在电容器的外侧。可替代地，如图3所示，正负母线7可以定位成横穿电容器的顶部上方，如图所示。
可见，车辆的电力电子系统中严格的封装限制要求母线紧紧遵循电容器的形式。不幸的是，母线的发热因此可以降低电容器的寿命。
图4是本母线系统的侧视图，该母线系统将母线11直接集成到电容器中，其中母线连接至DC链路连接端子，并且母线在位于散热器12上的电容器下方延伸。具体地，正母线集成到电容器绕组的DC链路电容器正电极端9中。类似地，负母线集成到电容器绕组的DC链路电容器负极10中。集成母线11被电介质层隔开，并共享相同的DC输出导体端子13(其连接到IGBT功率模块)。
由于DC输出导体端子13已经包含它们自己的母线，因此将附加母线11集成到系统中既具有热效率又具有成本效益。优选地，整个组件位于散热器12的顶部，其中母线11位于散热器12的附近。结果，母线11的发热可以被传导到散热器12中，以保护电容器免受不必要的加热(从而延长电容器寿命)。在其他优选实施例中，散热器12定位在车辆电气部件系统的底盘上。这种布置还允许来自母线的热量被带走(从电容器中)并进入底盘。优选地，散热器由铝或铜制成。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于防止DC链路电容器过热的系统，包括：
具有正电极和负电极的DC链路电容器；
一对母线，其中正母线连接到所述DC链路电容器的所述正电极，并且其中负母线连接到所述DC链路电容器的所述负电极；
在所述正母线和所述负母线之间的电介质层；和
从相应的正母线和负母线延伸的正DC输出导体和负DC输出导体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，还包括：
位于所述一对母线下方并且与所述一对母线接触的散热器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中，所述散热器由铝或铜制成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中，所述散热器安装在底盘上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述电容器面对IGBT功率模块。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述一对母线横穿所述DC链路电容器的底表面。
7.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述DC链路电容器的形状为矩形。
CN202010282952.2A 2019-04-12 2020-04-13 集成的dc母线和dc链路电容器 Pending CN111817579A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US16/382,825 US20200328027A1 (en) 2019-04-12 2019-04-12 Integrated dc busbar and dc-link capacitor
US16/382,825 2019-04-12

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CN111817579A true CN111817579A (zh) 2020-10-23

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Application publication date: 20201023