CN111809701A - An unpowered first rain decontamination optical drive irrigation system for urban rain gardens - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sponge cities, in particular to an unpowered initial rain decontamination optical drive irrigation system for urban rain gardens, comprising a ground soil layer, a rainwater temporary storage area, a decontamination area, a sediment deposition area, a water storage area, and a ground soil layer. Vegetation is planted on the layer. The vegetation is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system. There is a rainwater pipeline between the temporary rainwater storage area and the ground soil layer. There is a pure water pipeline on the water storage area. The pipeline is connected to the automatic spraying system, and the decontamination area has a built-in decontamination layer. The upper part of the decontamination layer is respectively connected to the rainwater temporary storage area and the sediment deposition area, and the part below the decontamination layer is connected to the water storage area. The invention integrates multiple processing systems into a large system, and integrates a light-driven rainwater irrigation system into the system, which not only makes full use of water resources, but also enables the "sponge effect" of rainwater to be exerted under drought conditions, and can also save resources.

Description

An unpowered first rain decontamination optical drive irrigation system for urban rain gardens

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sponge cities, in particular to an unpowered first rain decontamination optical drive irrigation system for urban rain gardens.

Background technique

In recent years, my country has vigorously promoted the construction of "sponge cities", which has greatly alleviated the problem of urban waterlogging caused by the rainy season. In the related sponge transformation technology, in addition to the transformation of the urban rainwater pipe network, the use of rain gardens can not only effectively alleviate the problem of rainwater collection in small areas such as communities and parks, but also achieve the purpose of rainwater reuse. It is a commonly used sponge transformation. one of the means. In the urban sponge transformation technology, the probability of urban waterlogging is reduced and the reuse rate of rainwater is improved. However, the traditional rain gardens in my country have the following shortcomings: (1) The problem of blockage of urban rainwater inlets has not been improved. ②When removing impurities from a large amount of organic substances contained in rainwater, a lot of purification substances are consumed. ③ The degree of rainwater reuse is low. ④ Rainwater consumes a lot of kinetic energy in the utilization system. ⑤ Lack of reuse of sediment and other resources.

After searching, it was found that the patent application No. 201920719512.1 proposes a rainwater storage and purification system and a rainwater garden. The invention includes soil filling layers, sand filling layers, seepage wells and sand wells. Rainwater is preliminarily filtered through the rain garden and then fed laterally by seepage wells into the aquifer for storage, and then absorbed and degraded by sand wells for common pollutants in rainwater. Production and agricultural reuse, however, in this invention, the reuse treatment of the impurity-containing large particulate matter in the rainwater cannot be effectively performed.

In addition, in the patent application patent No. 201820803682.3, a cyclic purification rain garden is proposed, which includes a plurality of garden main bodies, water reservoirs and fountain devices. The garden main body is used for percolation and purification, and the water storage of the garden main body is adopted. The module and the reservoir collect rainwater, and then the water in the water storage module or reservoir is sprayed out of the water surface through the fountain device and then falls into the main body of the garden for circulating infiltration and purification, which can fully remove the pollutants in the rainwater . However, in the rain garden, the rain water fountain device consumes a lot of kinetic energy, so that the cost of the garden becomes high.

There is also an application with a patent number of 201920654697.2, which provides a rain garden for public green spaces. The garden includes a green space, a water reservoir arranged outside the green space, and auxiliary sprinkler irrigation devices arranged on both sides of the green space. The device of the utility model can collect rainwater during the implementation process, and has the effects of convenient watering and manpower saving. From the perspective of the entire invention process, there is no treatment for the organic matter contained in the rainwater. These organic substances seep into the soil, causing problems such as soil pollution.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a new type of rain garden in order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned traditional rain garden. For solving the above problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

An unpowered first rain decontamination optical drive irrigation system for urban rain gardens, comprising a ground soil layer, a rainwater temporary storage area, a decontamination area, a sediment deposition area, and a water storage area, and vegetation is planted on the ground soil layer. There is an automatic spraying system, a rainwater pipeline is arranged between the temporary rainwater storage area and the ground soil layer, a pure water pipeline is arranged on the water storage area, a water pump is arranged on the pure water pipeline, and the pure water pipeline is connected to the automatic In the spray system, the decontamination area has a built-in decontamination layer, and the part of the decontamination area located in the unfiltered area above the decontamination layer is respectively connected with the rainwater temporary storage area and the sediment deposition area, and the decontamination area in the filtered area below the decontamination layer. The sewage area is connected with the water storage area.

As a further preferred solution, a rainwater grate is arranged between the rainwater pipeline and the ground soil layer; the decontamination layer is covered with a water distribution board.

As a further preferred solution, the rainwater temporary storage area is provided with a drainage pipe, the water storage area is provided with a tap water introduction system and an automatic rainwater drainage system, and a mud drainage pipe is provided at the bottom of the sediment deposition area.

As a further preferred solution, the tap water introduction system has a built-in tap water valve, the sludge discharge pipeline has a built-in sludge discharge valve, the pipeline connecting the decontamination layer and the sediment precipitation area has a built-in mud valve, and the decontamination area is connected to the The pipeline connecting the rainwater temporary storage area has a built-in flow regulator.

As a further preferred solution, a soil moisture sensor is provided on the ground soil layer, a pressure sensor is provided on the water distribution plate, and a water quantity monitoring sensor is provided on the inner wall of the water storage area.

As a further preferred solution, the ground soil layer is provided with a light drive system, the light drive system includes a solar panel, and the light drive system is respectively connected to a mud inlet valve, a mud discharge valve, a flow regulator, a soil moisture sensor, a pressure sensor, Water monitoring sensor, water pump.

As a further preferred solution, a backwashing pipeline is provided between the rainwater temporary storage area and the pure water pipeline.

As a further preferred solution, the decontamination layers are, from top to bottom, a gravel layer, a ceramsite layer, a multi-level composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer and a pyrite layer.

As a further preferred solution, the multi-level composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer is formed by mixing iron filings, copper, biomass and laterite, and the mass ratio of the iron filings, copper, biomass and laterite is ( 3~5): (1~2): (1~2): (1~2), the preparation method of the multi-level composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer is: weighing iron filings, copper, biomass After mixing evenly with laterite, add filler sodium bentonite and pore-forming agent sodium bicarbonate, add water, knead to form a semi-finished product with a diameter of 10-12mm, vacuum dry at 60-150 ℃ for 20-50min, and keep vacuum with nitrogen. state, then calcined at 600-11000 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and cooled in a drying oven for 2-4 hours; the quality of the sodium-based bentonite is 15-30% of the total mass of the multi-level composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer, so The pore-forming agent sodium bicarbonate is 0.5-2% of the total mass.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

First, the rainwater collection system of the present invention has a significant impact on peak shaving. The new type of urban rain garden unpowered first rain decontamination optical drive irrigation system can reduce the peak water flow. Under the same service area, the new rain garden can increase the interception flow of rainwater, and the water passing area is larger. The amount of non-point source pollution reduction can greatly help.

Second, the present invention adopts four layers of decontamination layers, while the traditional rain garden adopts the soil self-purification effect, and the pollutant removal effect is better. The removal rates of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were all above 60%.

Third, the present invention adopts a light-driven rainwater irrigation system, which plays the role of peak shaving in the rainy season; in the dry season, the solar energy is used to provide power for the water pump for greening and watering, so as to realize the reuse of rainwater and achieve energy saving and reduction. row effect.

Fourth, the present invention adopts various automatic systems such as automatic sprinkler system, automatic sludge discharge system, backwash system and automatic rainwater drainage system, and improves the automation of new rain gardens with the help of water volume detection system, pressure sensor, soil moisture sensor and other equipment. degree.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

In the picture: 1. Ground soil layer, 2. Vegetation, 3a, Rainwater grate, 3b, Drainage pipe, 4a, Rainwater pipe, 5. Rainwater temporary storage area, 6. Flow regulator, 7. Water distribution board, 8. In addition to Pollution layer, 8a, gravel layer, 8b, ceramsite layer, 8c, multi-stage composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer, 8d, pyrite layer, 9a, soil moisture sensor, 9b, pressure sensor, 9c, water quantity monitoring Sensor, 10a, sludge inlet valve, 10b, sludge discharge valve, 10c, tap water valve, 11a, automatic rainwater drainage system, 11b, tap water introduction system, 11c, pure water pipeline, 11d, backwash pipeline, 11e, automatic spray system, 12a, water pump, 13, light drive system, 14, sediment deposition area, 15, water storage area.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a schematic structural diagram of a new type of rain garden provided by the present invention includes a rainwater collection system, a biochemical treatment system, a water storage system, a sediment discharge and sand guide system, and a light-driven rainwater irrigation system, including a rainwater collection system including Hollowed rainwater grate 3a, rainwater pipeline 3b and a water volume adjustment system, the water volume adjustment system includes a rainwater temporary storage area 5, a flow regulator 6, and the water volume adjustment system is connected with the rainwater grate 3a and the biochemical treatment system. The biochemical treatment system includes a water distribution board 7. The decontamination layer 8 and the backwash system, the backwash system includes a pressure sensor 9b, the water storage system includes a water storage area 15, a water volume monitoring sensor 9c, an automatic rainwater drainage system 11a, a tap water introduction system 11b, and a sediment drainage system It includes a sediment sedimentation area 14 and a sludge discharge pipeline, and the sediment sedimentation area is located on the side of the water storage area 15 that is connected to the biochemical treatment system. The light-driven rainwater irrigation system includes a light-driven system 13, an automatic spray system 11e, The automatic sprinkler system includes a soil moisture sensor 9a and a water pump 12a.

The area of the rainwater inlet is not less than 1m ² , and a large area is used for multi-directional water catchment. The hollow rainwater grate 3a has a 45° inclination, which can ensure that the rainwater can be fully collected, and can retain impurities such as garbage and fallen leaves, which can not only reduce the difficulty of cleaning the rain garden garbage It can also avoid the problem of water accumulation caused by blockage; rainwater enters the device through the rainwater collection port, flows through the water volume adjustment system and inclined pipes, and then enters the biochemical treatment system. Rainwater passes through the gravel layer, the ceramsite layer, the multi-level composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer (the microbial action on the ceramsite surface and the micro-electrolysis formed by Fe-C) and the pyrite layer to remove particulate impurities, organic matter and Nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants, the purified rainwater is stored in the water storage system. In the rainy season, the device plays the role of peak shaving; in the dry season, the automatic sprinkler system starts to work, and the solar energy is used to power the water pump for greening and watering. Realize the reuse of rainwater. A rainwater drainage system and a tap water supply system are added to the water storage area. When the water volume in the water storage area is large, the rainwater will flow into the urban pipe network through the rainwater drainage system to achieve rapid drainage and prevent device blockage. The backwashing system includes a pressure sensor and a water pump to achieve the effect of an automatic flushing device. When the plants need to be irrigated and the water in the water storage area is insufficient, tap water is supplied to the water storage area through the tap water supply system for irrigation. The sediment sedimentation area is located on one side of the water storage area and is in the shape of a pointed funnel, which is convenient for collecting the sediment contained in the rainwater and regularly cleaning the stored sediment.

The rainwater temporary storage area 5 is constructed of high-density polyethylene material with impermeable layer, and its volume is set to 15m ³ .

The biochemical treatment system adopts a four-layer decontamination layer 8, followed by a gravel layer 8a, a ceramsite layer 8b, a multi-stage composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer 8c and a pyrite layer 8d, in a ratio of 2:3:3 : 2 volume ratio mixing. The preparation method of the multi-level composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer 8c is as follows: weighing iron filings, copper, biomass and laterite, and mixing them evenly in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:1, then adding filler sodium base Bentonite and pore-forming agent sodium bicarbonate, add water, knead to form a semi-finished product with a diameter of 10mm, vacuum dry at 120°C for 30min, pass nitrogen to maintain a vacuum state, then bake at 800°C for 1.5h, and cool in a drying box for 2h; The mass of the sodium bentonite is 15% of the total mass of the multi-level composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer 8c, and the pore-forming agent sodium bicarbonate is 1% of the total mass.

The water distribution plate 7 is pressed on the decontamination layer 8, and through compression, the rainwater enters the decontamination layer 8 evenly, and plays the role of compacting the filler.

The decontamination area is connected to the water storage area 15 through pipelines, and is connected to the sediment deposition area 14 through the sludge inlet valve 10a.

When the amount of rainwater is too large, the drainage pipe 3b discharges the excess rainwater, thereby improving the working efficiency of the biochemical treatment system 8 .

The water volume adjustment system includes a rainwater temporary storage area 5 and a flow regulator 6. When the flow rate is greater than or equal to 50mm, the rainwater supplements the groundwater through the pipeline.

The water storage area 15 is constructed of concrete material with an impermeable layer, and has a volume of 100 cubic meters.

The water quantity monitoring sensor includes a water quantity monitoring sensor 9c, and the automatic sprinkler system includes a soil moisture sensor 9a. When the value of the water quantity monitoring sensor 9c is less than 40%, and the value of the soil moisture sensor 9a is less than 50%, the tap water introduction system 11b and the automatic spray system are turned on, and when the soil humidity reaches 70%, the tap water introduction system 11b and the automatic spray system are turned on. The system stopped working. When the value of the soil moisture sensor 9a is less than 50%, the automatic spray system is turned on, and when the value of the water monitoring sensor 9c is less than 5% or the soil humidity reaches 70%, the automatic spray system stops working.

The water storage area 15 is connected to the water pump 12a through the automatic spraying system 11e; the rainwater temporary storage area 5 is connected to the water pump 12a through the pipeline 11d, which is used for the rainwater sediment discharge and sand guiding system; the pipeline 11d passes through the automatic spraying system 11e It is connected to the ground for irrigation of rainwater after purification.

A pressure sensor 9b is installed on the water distribution plate 7 to reflect the pressure of the sediment in the rain on the water distribution plate 7; a soil moisture sensor 9a is installed on the soil 1 . When the pressure value of the pressure sensor 9b reaches 1.5MPa, the water pump 12a is turned on, the valve 10b is turned on, the backwashing intensity is 20 m ³ /m ² ·h, and the deposited sediment is discharged.

The water storage area 15 supplies the excess purified rainwater to the municipal pipe network through the rainwater drainage system 11a.

The solar power storage panel 13 has an inclination angle of 45°, which is favorable for absorbing solar energy and providing the required energy for the automatic sprinkler system 11e and the water pump 12a.

(1) The decontamination ability of the present invention: in the system, the inclined pipes and the biological treatment system have a good effect on the removal of pollutants in the water, and the removal rate of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the effluent can reach 62%, and the total phosphorus (TP) removal rate is 68%, total nitrogen (TN) removal rate reaches 66%, which can effectively remove pollutants in rainwater, and at the same time filter the sediment in the water body, which is conducive to the reuse of water body.

(2) The present invention saves water resources: the collected rainwater can be used for the watering of urban greening or the spraying of roads, which greatly saves the consumption of water resources in urban greening and other aspects.

(3) The present invention saves energy consumption: the system incorporates solar energy technology, makes full use of light energy to provide power for various automatic control equipment, saves energy consumption and protects the environment.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an unpowered first rain scrubbing optical drive irrigation system in city rainwater garden which characterized in that: comprises a ground soil layer (1), a temporary rainwater storage area (5), a decontamination area, a sediment sedimentation area (14) and a water storage area (15), wherein vegetation (2) is planted on the ground soil layer (1), an automatic spraying system (11 e) is arranged at the vegetation (2), a rainwater pipeline (4 a) is arranged between the temporary rainwater storage area (5) and the ground soil layer (1), a purified water pipeline (11 c) is arranged on the water storage area (15), a water pump (12 a) is arranged on the purified water pipeline (11 c), the purified water pipeline (11 c) is communicated with an automatic spraying system (11 e), the device is characterized in that a decontamination layer (8) is arranged in the decontamination area, the part of the decontamination area, which is positioned in an unfiltered area above the decontamination layer (8), is communicated with a rainwater temporary storage area (5) and a silt settling area (14) respectively, and the part of the decontamination area, which is positioned in a filtered area below the decontamination layer (8), is communicated with a water storage area (15).

2. The municipal rainwater garden unpowered initial rainwater decontamination optical drive irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein: a rainwater grate (3 a) is arranged between the rainwater pipeline (4 a) and the ground soil layer (1); the decontamination layer (8) is covered with a water distribution plate (7).

3. The municipal rainwater garden unpowered initial rainwater decontamination optical drive irrigation system according to claim 2, wherein: be equipped with drainage pipe (3 b) on rainwater temporary storage district (5), be equipped with running water introducing system (11 b) and automatic drainage system (11 a) of leading of rainwater on retaining area (15), silt settling zone (14) bottom is equipped with row mud pipeline.

4. The municipal rainwater garden unpowered initial rainwater decontamination optical drive irrigation system according to claim 3, wherein: tap water introducing system (11 b) embeds tap water valve (10 c), built-in mud valve (10 b) of row of mud pipeline, mud valve (10 a) are advanced to the pipeline built-in of scrubbing layer (8) and silt settling zone (14) intercommunication, built-in flow regulator (6) of pipeline of scrubbing zone and rainwater temporary storage district (5) intercommunication.

5. The municipal rainwater garden unpowered initial rainwater decontamination optical drive irrigation system according to claim 4, wherein: the water distribution device is characterized in that a soil humidity sensor (9 a) is arranged on the ground soil layer (1), a pressure sensor (9 b) is arranged on the water distribution plate (7), and a water quantity monitoring sensor (9 c) is arranged on the inner wall of the water storage area (15).

6. The municipal rainwater garden unpowered initial rainwater decontamination optical drive irrigation system according to claim 5, wherein: be equipped with light actuating system (13) on ground soil layer (1), light actuating system (13) include solar panel, and light actuating system (13) are connected respectively and are advanced mud valve (10 a), arrange mud valve (10 b), flow regulator (6), soil moisture sensor (9 a), pressure sensor (9 b), water yield monitoring sensor (9 c), water pump (12 a).

7. The municipal rainwater garden unpowered initial rainwater decontamination optical drive irrigation system according to claim 6, wherein: a back washing pipeline (11 d) is arranged between the temporary rainwater storage area (5) and the pure water pipeline (11 c).

8. The municipal rainwater garden unpowered initial rainwater decontamination optical drive irrigation system according to claim 7, wherein: the decontamination layer (8) is sequentially provided with a gravel layer (8 a), a ceramsite layer (8 b), a multi-stage composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer (8C) and a pyrite layer (8 d) from top to bottom.

9. The municipal rainwater garden unpowered initial rainwater decontamination optical drive irrigation system according to claim 8, wherein: the multistage composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer (8C) is formed by mixing scrap iron, copper, biomass and laterite, wherein the mass ratio of the scrap iron to the copper to the biomass to the laterite is (3-5): (1-2): (1-2): (1-2), the preparation method of the multistage composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer (8C) comprises the following steps: weighing iron chips, copper, biomass and laterite, uniformly mixing, adding filler sodium bentonite and pore-forming agent sodium bicarbonate, adding water, kneading to obtain a semi-finished product with the diameter of 10-12mm, vacuum-drying at 60-150 ℃ for 20-50min, introducing nitrogen to keep a vacuum state, roasting at 600-1100 ℃ for 1-3h, and cooling in a drying oven for 2-4 h; the mass of the sodium bentonite is 15-30% of the total mass of the multi-stage composite Fe-C ceramsite decontamination layer (8C), and the mass of the pore-forming agent sodium bicarbonate is 0.5-2% of the total mass.

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