CN111803851A - Fire-fighting ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire-fighting ventilation system, comprising a main pipeline, a heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system, a ventilation system, an electric three-way valve, an environmental monitoring unit and a control circuit; the main pipeline is respectively connected with the heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system, the ventilation system and the equipment room, The monitoring unit monitors the fire situation in the equipment room. When there is no fire in the equipment room, the control circuit controls the piston in the electric three-way valve to be at the first preset position, and the environmental monitoring unit starts the ventilation system to output natural wind to the equipment room and close it. The heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system; when a fire is detected in the equipment room, the control loop controls the piston in the electric three-way valve to be at the second preset position, and the environment monitoring unit starts the heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system to output the fire extinguishing agent to the equipment room And close the ventilation system, so as to perform good intelligent monitoring and control the fire protection equipment to switch the ventilation or fire extinguishing mode, so as to improve the fire protection effect and safety of the fire protection system.

Description

A fire ventilation system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire safety, in particular to a fire ventilation system.

Background technique

The fire protection system is one of the indispensable and important systems of the building. When a fire occurs in the room, the fire protection system should be able to put out the fire in time. When there is no fire in the room, the fire protection system should be able to perform normal ventilation. Therefore, the fire protection system needs to be intelligent. Monitoring and controlling the fire fighting equipment to switch the ventilation or fire fighting mode, but at present, the fire protection system in many buildings is not very intelligent, so it is impossible to carry out good intelligent monitoring and control the fire fighting equipment to switch the ventilation or fire fighting mode, which leads to the fire protection of the fire fighting system. The effect is not good, and the safety is not high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a fire-fighting ventilation system to improve the intelligence, fire-fighting effect and safety of the fire-fighting system.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a fire-fighting ventilation system, including a main pipeline, a heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system, a ventilation system, an electric three-way valve, an environmental monitoring unit and a control loop;

The main pipeline includes a ventilation pipeline, a fire-extinguishing pipeline and a common pipeline which are communicated with each other. The ventilation pipeline is in communication with the ventilation system, the fire-extinguishing pipeline is in communication with the heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system, and the public pipeline is in communication with the equipment room. The electric three-way valve is arranged at the connection of the ventilation pipe, the fire extinguishing pipe and the public pipe;

The control loop is used for receiving the excitation signal of the environment monitoring unit, and according to the excitation signal, controls the piston of the electric three-way valve to move to a first preset position so that the ventilation system is communicated with the equipment room, Or, controlling the movement of the piston of the electric three-way valve to a second preset position makes the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system communicate with the equipment room;

The environment monitoring unit is configured to start the ventilation system to output natural wind to the equipment room and close the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system when it is detected that there is no fire in the equipment room; or, when it is detected that there is no fire in the equipment room. In case of fire, the excitation signal is output, and the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system is activated to output fire extinguishing agent to the equipment room and close the ventilation system.

Optionally, the equipment room is provided with a vent, and the vent is provided with an electric shutter, and the electric shutter is linked with the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system. When the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system is activated, the electric shutter switches to The first state is such that the vent is closed, and when the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system is turned off, the electric shutter is switched to the second state so that the vent is opened.

Optionally, the control loop includes a first coil loop and a second coil loop;

The first coil loop includes a first coil connected in sequence by wires, a normally closed auxiliary contact of the fire control detector, a normally closed auxiliary contact of the second travel switch, and a normally open auxiliary contact of the first travel switch;

The second coil loop includes a second coil connected in sequence by wires, a normally open auxiliary contact of the fire control detector, a normally open auxiliary contact of the second travel switch, and a normally closed auxiliary contact of the first travel switch;

The fire control detector is used for receiving the excitation signal of the environment monitoring unit;

A first travel switch is arranged at the first preset position of the inner wall of the ventilation duct, and a second travel switch is arranged at the second preset position of the inner wall of the fire extinguishing duct;

The piston is a magnet, which is movably arranged in the electric three-way valve, and is located between the first preset position and the second preset position;

The first coil is used to generate a magnetic force to attract the piston to move to a first preset position when the first coil loop is closed, and the second coil is used to generate electricity when the second coil loop is closed A magnetic force is generated to attract the piston to move to the second preset position.

Optionally, the normally open auxiliary contact of the first travel switch and the normally open auxiliary contact of the second travel switch have a delayed disconnection function.

Optionally, the delay time of the first travel switch is set as the time taken from the moment when the first travel switch turns from an active state to an inactive state to when the piston moves to the first preset position; the second The delay time of the travel switch is set as the time taken from the moment when the second travel switch has an actuating state to a non-acting state until the piston moves to the second preset position.

Optionally, a third travel switch is provided on the wall of the ventilation duct, and a third travel switch is provided on the wall of the fire extinguishing duct, and the two third travel switches are located at the first preset position and the second position. Between preset positions, the two third travel switches are used to limit the piston when the piston moves to the first preset position or the second preset position.

Optionally, the first travel switch, the second travel switch and the third travel switch are configured in an arc shape.

Optionally, the environment monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor, a temperature controller, a smoke sensor and a smoke controller, the temperature sensor is used to detect a temperature signal in the equipment room, and the smoke sensor is used to detect the equipment room The temperature controller is used to determine whether there is a fire in the equipment room according to the temperature signal, and the smoke controller is used to determine whether there is a fire in the equipment room according to the smoke concentration signal.

Optionally, the fire-fighting ventilation system further includes an alarm device, the alarm device includes an alarm device and a fire alarm receiving display, and the temperature controller is configured to generate a first alarm signal when it is determined that there is a fire in the equipment room, the The smoke controller is used to generate a second alarm signal when it is determined that there is a fire in the equipment room, the alarm is used to alarm according to the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal, and the fire alarm receives The display is used for displaying the fire alarm according to the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal.

Optionally, the heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system includes a gas fire-extinguishing controller and a fire-extinguishing executive mechanism, and the fire-extinguishing controller is used to receive the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal, and according to the external pressing The signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal controls the fire-extinguishing actuator to spray fire-extinguishing agent, and the fire-extinguishing agent enters the equipment room through the fire-extinguishing channel.

The embodiment of the present invention proposes a fire-fighting ventilation system, which includes a main pipeline, a heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system, a ventilation system, an electric three-way valve, an environmental monitoring unit and a control loop; the main pipeline is respectively connected to the heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system, the ventilation system and the equipment room, The environment monitoring unit monitors the fire in the equipment room, when there is no fire in the equipment room, the control circuit controls the piston in the electric three-way valve to be at the first preset position, and the environment monitoring unit starts the ventilation system to output natural Wind to the equipment room and close the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system; when a fire is detected in the equipment room, the control circuit controls the piston in the electric three-way valve to be at the second preset position, and the environment monitoring unit starts the heptafluoropropane. The fire-extinguishing system outputs fire extinguishing agent to the equipment room and closes the ventilation system, so as to perform good intelligent monitoring and control the fire-fighting equipment to switch the ventilation or fire-extinguishing mode, thereby improving the fire-fighting effect and safety of the fire-fighting system.

Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or will be manifested by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fire-fighting ventilation system in an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of the piston position of the electric three-way valve in the ventilation mode of the fire ventilation system in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the piston of the electric three-way valve in the fire extinguishing mode of the fire fighting ventilation system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the work flow of the heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing system in the embodiment of the present invention.

Mark in the picture:

1- Ventilation pipe, 2- Fire extinguishing pipe, 3- Common pipe, 4- Heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system, 5- Ventilation system, 6- Electric three-way valve, 7- Piston, 8- Equipment room, 9- Vent, 10- Section A coil, 11- a second coil.

Detailed ways

Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the figures denote elements that have the same or similar functions. While various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, means well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order not to obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

1, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a fire-fighting ventilation system 5, including a main pipeline, a heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system 4, a ventilation system 5, an electric three-way valve 6, an environmental monitoring unit and a control loop;

The main pipe includes a ventilation pipe 1, a fire extinguishing pipe 2 and a common pipe 3 that are communicated with each other. The ventilation pipe 1 is communicated with the ventilation system 5, and the fire extinguishing pipe 2 is communicated with the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4. The pipeline 3 is communicated with the equipment room 8, and the electric three-way valve 6 is provided at the connection of the ventilation pipeline 1, the fire extinguishing pipeline 2 and the public pipeline 3;

Specifically, the equipment room 8 is a room with a variety of equipment, such as a monitoring room, a computer room, etc., which are easily caused by problems such as short circuit and heat generation of indoor equipment lines. Therefore, the fire fighting ventilation system 5 of this embodiment can Apply to a variety of construction sites. The ventilation system 5 can be a fresh air system, which is used to transfer natural wind (or fresh air) through the ventilation duct 1 to the equipment room 8 by means of air pressure when no fire occurs, so as to carry out normal air operation. Switching, the heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system 4 is a fire-extinguishing system that adopts heptafluoropropane as a fire-extinguishing agent, which is used for when a fire situation occurs, jetting a fire-extinguishing agent, and the fire-extinguishing agent enters the equipment room 8 through the fire-extinguishing pipeline 2, Fire out.

The control loop is used to receive the excitation signal of the environmental monitoring unit, and control the piston 7 of the electric three-way valve 6 to move to the first preset position according to the excitation signal, so that the ventilation system 5 and the equipment are connected. The chamber 8 is connected, or, the piston 7 of the electric three-way valve 6 is controlled to move to the second preset position so that the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 is communicated with the equipment chamber 8;

Specifically, the electric three-way valve 6 is provided with a piston 7, and the piston 7 is driven and controlled by the control circuit. Under the driving control of the control circuit, at the first preset position and the second The piston 7 moves between the two preset positions. Referring to FIG. 1 , when the piston 7 moves to the first preset position, the ventilation system 5 communicates with the equipment room 8 through the ventilation duct 1 , and the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 is connected to the equipment room 8 The fire extinguishing passage between the two is blocked; or, when the piston 7 moves to the second preset position, the ventilation pipe 1 between the ventilation system 5 and the equipment room 8 is blocked, and the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 It communicates with the equipment room 8 through the fire extinguishing channel. The environmental monitoring unit is used to start the ventilation system 5 to output natural wind to the equipment room 8 and close the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 when it is detected that there is no fire in the equipment room 8; When there is no fire in the equipment room 8 , the excitation signal is output, and the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 is activated to output fire extinguishing agent to the equipment room 8 and the ventilation system 5 is closed.

Specifically, the environmental monitoring unit can monitor the temperature, smoke concentration and other environmental status information in the equipment room 8, and determine whether a fire has occurred in the equipment room 8 according to a preset decision logic/rule. In the event of fire, the environmental monitoring unit generates an excitation signal and sends the excitation signal to the control loop.

From the specific description of the above embodiment, it can be seen that the system of this embodiment monitors the fire situation in the equipment room 8 in real time through the environment monitoring unit. When there is no fire situation in the equipment room 8, the control loop controls the piston in the electric three-way valve 6 7 is located at the first preset position, the environmental monitoring unit starts the ventilation system 5 to output natural wind to the equipment room 8 and closes the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4; when monitoring the occurrence of fire in the equipment room 8, control The piston 7 in the circuit control electric three-way valve 6 is located at the second preset position, the environment monitoring unit starts the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 to output fire extinguishing agent to the equipment room 8 and closes the ventilation system 5, so as to perform well Intelligent monitoring and control of fire fighting equipment to switch ventilation or fire fighting modes to improve the firefighting effect and safety of the firefighting system.

Based on the above-mentioned embodiment system, the present invention also proposes some optional specific embodiments, which are described one by one below, so as to better understand and illustrate the concept of the present invention.

In a specific embodiment, the equipment room 8 is provided with a vent 9, and the vent 9 is provided with an electric shutter, and the electric shutter is linked with the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4, when the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 is activated. When the electric shutter is switched to the first state so that the vent 9 is closed, when the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 is turned off, the electric shutter is switched to the second state so that the vent 9 is opened.

Specifically, the electric shutter is switched between the first state and the second state. When the vent 9 is opened, the equipment room 8 can exchange air with the ventilation system 5 for ventilation. When it is necessary to extinguish the fire, the vent 9 needs to be closed. Therefore, in this embodiment, electric shutters are designed to cooperate with the ventilation system 5 and the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4, so as to realize the switching of the ventilation mode and the fire extinguishing mode of the entire fire ventilation system 5.

It can be understood that the specific structure of the electric shutter can be various, and the electric shutter is generally controlled by the electric drive system. When implementing this embodiment, it is only necessary to start the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 or close the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4. At the time, inputting the corresponding control signal to the driving system of the electric shutter can make the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4 linked with the electric shutter.

As a general description, the drive system of the electric shutter consists of a motor, a rope reel and a mechanical stopper, all of which are installed in a "C"-shaped stainless steel bracket, and finally assembled with the shutter to form a set of electric Venetian blinds final product. The assembled venetian blind system will be installed in the double-glazed curtain wall or suspended ceiling according to the design requirements. The control method of the system can be controlled by ordinary wire-controlled switch, wireless remote control, timing control, wind, rain and light control and building integrated control, etc. It can also be compatible and connected to other BMS systems such as lighting system, security system and SOMFY's Animeo IB+ system .

In a specific embodiment, the control loop includes a first coil 10 loop and a second coil 11 loop;

The circuit of the first coil 10 includes the first coil 10, the normally closed auxiliary contact of the fire control detector K, the normally closed auxiliary contact of the second travel switch SP2, and the normally open auxiliary contact of the first travel switch SP1, which are sequentially connected by wires. ;

The loop of the second coil 11 includes the second coil 11, the normally open auxiliary contact of the fire control detector K, the normally open auxiliary contact of the second travel switch SP2, and the normally closed auxiliary contact of the first travel switch SP1, which are sequentially connected by wires. ;

The fire control detector K is used to receive the excitation signal of the environment monitoring unit;

A first travel switch SP1 is arranged at the first preset position of the inner wall of the ventilation duct 1, and a second travel switch SP2 is arranged at the second preset position of the inner wall of the fire extinguishing duct 2;

The piston 7 is a magnet, which is movably arranged in the electric three-way valve 6 and located between the first preset position and the second preset position;

The first coil 10 is used to generate a magnetic force to attract the piston 7 to move to the first preset position when the circuit of the first coil 10 is closed, and the second coil 11 is used to generate a magnetic force when the second coil 11 is closed. When the circuit is closed, a magnetic force is generated to attract the piston 7 to move to the second preset position.

Specifically, the fire controller K is a relay coil. When the fire controller K receives the excitation signal, the fire controller K is powered on, so that the fire controller K is normally open. The auxiliary contact is closed, and the normally closed auxiliary contact is disconnected.

Wherein, the first travel switch SP1 and the second travel switch SP2 are the travel switches of the magnet during the traveling process. After the magnet moves to the first preset position or the second preset position, the first travel switch SP1 or the second travel switch When the travel switch SP2 acts, the normally closed node connected in series with a coil loop is disconnected, and the control loop is disconnected. When the coil on the other side is electrified, the blocking magnet will be pulled.

Among them, in the normal fire-free state, the state of the blocking magnet of the electric three-way valve 6 is shown in FIG. 2 , the first travel switch SP1 is activated, the second travel switch SP2 is not activated, and the second coil 11 is connected. The normally closed contact of the first travel switch SP1 of the loop is disconnected, the normally open contact of the second travel switch SP2 is disconnected, the normally open contact of the first travel switch SP1 connected to the first coil 10 loop is closed, and the normally closed contact of the second travel switch SP2 closed, the fire control detector K does not act, the normally open contact of the fire control detector K is disconnected, the normally closed contact is closed, and the magnet is located in the first preset position under the action of the magnetic attraction of the first coil 10. position, the fire extinguishing channel is blocked by the magnet, and the equipment room 8 is exhausted and ventilated through the ventilation port 9 , the common pipe 3 and the ventilation system 5 .

When a fire occurs, the fire control detector K receives the excitation signal and acts, so that the normally closed node connected to the circuit of the first coil 10 or the second coil 11 is disconnected, the normally open node is closed, and the first travel switch SP1 does not act, the second travel switch SP2 acts, the normally closed contact of the first travel switch SP1 connected to the circuit of the second coil 11 is closed, the normally open contact of the second travel switch SP2 is closed, and the first travel of the circuit of the first coil 10 is connected The normally open contact of the switch SP1 is disconnected, the normally closed contact of the second travel switch SP2 is disconnected, the second coil 11 is energized, and the first coil 10 is de-energized. The second preset position corresponding to the two-stroke switch SP2, as shown in FIG. 3, cuts off the ventilation passage, opens the fire extinguishing passage, closes the ventilation system 5, the electric shutter of the ventilation port 9 is linked, and the ventilation port 9 is closed , the equipment room 8 forms a closed space. At the same time, the heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system 4 is activated, and a large amount of heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing agent enters the closed equipment room 8 to play a fire-extinguishing role. When the fire is over, the fire control detector K does not act, so that the normally closed node connected in series with the circuit of the first coil 10 and the second coil 11 is closed, and the normally open node is disconnected. At this time, the first coil 10 is charged, and the second coil When the coil 11 is de-energized, the blocking magnet moves to the left and the position returns. The electric shutters of the vent 9 are linked, the vent 9 is opened, and the system continues to be in the normal ventilation mode.

In a specific embodiment, the electric three-way valve 6 is provided with a slide rail, the magnet is movably arranged on the slide rail, and the slide rail is used for guiding the magnet to move laterally.

In a specific embodiment, the normally open auxiliary contact of the first travel switch SP1 and the normally open auxiliary contact of the second travel switch SP2 have a delayed disconnection function.

In a specific embodiment, the delay time of the first travel switch is set as the time taken for the piston 7 to move to the first preset position from the moment when the first travel switch has an active state to an inactive state; The delay time of the second travel switch is set as the time taken for the piston 7 to move to the second preset position from the moment when the second travel switch has an active state to an inactive state.

In a specific embodiment, a third travel switch is provided on the pipe wall of the ventilation duct 1, and a third travel switch is provided on the pipe wall of the fire extinguishing pipe 2, and the two third travel switches are located in the first pre- Between the set position and the second preset position, the two third travel switches are used to limit the piston 7 when the piston 7 moves to the first preset position or the second preset position .

Specifically, the third travel switch SP is not connected to the control loop, and only acts as a limiter after the blocking magnet is in place, positioning the magnet so that it will not sway from side to side.

In a specific embodiment, the first travel switch, the second travel switch and the third travel switch are configured in an arc shape, so that the magnet can smoothly pass through the first travel switch, The second travel switch and the third travel switch. .

In a specific embodiment, the environment monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor, a temperature controller, a smoke sensor and a smoke controller, the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature signal in the equipment room 8, and the smoke sensor is used to detect the temperature signal in the equipment room 8. Detect the smoke concentration signal in the equipment room 8, the temperature controller is used to determine whether there is a fire in the equipment room 8 according to the temperature signal, and the smoke controller is used to determine according to the smoke concentration signal Whether there is fire in the equipment room 8.

In a specific embodiment, the fire-fighting ventilation system 5 further includes an alarm device, the alarm device includes an alarm device and a fire alarm receiving display, and the temperature controller is used to generate the first alarm when it is determined that there is a fire in the equipment room 8. an alarm signal, the smoke controller is used to generate a second alarm signal when it is determined that there is a fire in the equipment room 8, and the alarm device is used to generate a second alarm signal according to the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the first alarm signal Two alarm signals are used for alarming, and the fire alarm receiving display is used for performing fire alarm display according to the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal.

Specifically, the alarm mode of the alarm device includes sound and light alarm and alarm bell prompt. The external pressing signal refers to that the staff manually presses the button to generate the pressing signal, which belongs to a manual control method. When a fire is observed, it can be controlled by pressing a button. In addition, the display content of the fire alarm display can be preset, and when the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal is received, the preset alarm content is displayed.

In a specific embodiment, the heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system 4 includes a gas fire-extinguishing controller and a fire-extinguishing actuator, and the fire-extinguishing controller is configured to receive the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal, And according to the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal, the fire extinguishing actuator is controlled to spray fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing agent enters the equipment room 8 through the fire extinguishing channel.

Specifically, the fire-extinguishing controller can control the fire-extinguishing actuator to spray fire-extinguishing agent according to the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal, so as to realize a manual operation or an automatic operation mode.

Wherein, the work flow of the heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing system can be referred to in FIG. 4. It can be understood that there are many kinds of fire extinguishing actuators of the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system 4, which are mainly embodied in the use of heptafluoropropane as the fire extinguishing agent. Specifically limited to a certain type.

Various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the foregoing descriptions are exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limiting of the disclosed embodiments. Numerous modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A fire-fighting ventilation system is characterized by comprising a main pipeline, a heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing system, a ventilation system, an electric three-way valve, an environment monitoring unit and a control loop;

the main pipeline comprises a ventilating pipeline, a fire extinguishing pipeline and a public pipeline which are communicated with each other, the ventilating pipeline is communicated with the ventilating system, the fire extinguishing pipeline is communicated with the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system, the public pipeline is communicated with an equipment room, and the electric three-way valve is arranged at the joint of the ventilating pipeline, the fire extinguishing pipeline and the public pipeline;

the control loop is used for receiving an excitation signal of the environment monitoring unit and controlling a piston of the electric three-way valve to move to a first preset position according to the excitation signal so that the ventilation system is communicated with the equipment room, or controlling the piston of the electric three-way valve to move to a second preset position so that the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system is communicated with the equipment room;

the environment monitoring unit is used for starting the ventilation system to output natural wind to the equipment room and closing the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system when no fire situation in the equipment room is monitored; or when the fire situation in the equipment room is monitored, the excitation signal is output, the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system is started to output fire extinguishing agent to the equipment room, and the ventilation system is closed.

2. The fire protection and ventilation system of claim 1, wherein the equipment room is provided with a vent, and an electric shutter is provided at the vent, and the electric shutter is linked to the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system, and when the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system is activated, the electric shutter is switched to a first state so that the vent is closed, and when the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system is closed, the electric shutter is switched to a second state so that the vent is opened.

3. The fire protection ventilation system of claim 1, wherein the control loop comprises a first coil loop and a second coil loop;

the first coil loop comprises a first coil, a normally closed auxiliary contact of the fire hazard detector, a normally closed auxiliary contact of the second travel switch and a normally open auxiliary contact of the first travel switch which are sequentially connected through a lead;

the second coil loop comprises a second coil, a normally open auxiliary contact of the fire hazard detector, a normally open auxiliary contact of a second travel switch and a normally closed auxiliary contact of a first travel switch which are sequentially connected through a lead;

the fire hazard detector is used for receiving an excitation signal of the environment monitoring unit;

a first travel switch is arranged at a first preset position on the inner wall of the ventilating pipeline, and a second travel switch is arranged at a second preset position on the inner wall of the fire extinguishing pipeline;

the piston is a magnet and is movably arranged in the electric three-way valve and positioned between the first preset position and the second preset position;

the first coil is used for obtaining electricity to generate magnetic force to attract the piston to move to a first preset position when the first coil loop is closed, and the second coil is used for obtaining electricity to generate magnetic force to attract the piston to move to a second preset position when the second coil loop is closed.

4. The fire protection ventilation system of claim 3, wherein the normally open auxiliary contact of the first travel switch and the normally open auxiliary contact of the second travel switch have a time-delay opening function.

5. The fire protection and ventilation system of claim 4, wherein the delay time of the first travel switch is set to be the time taken for the first travel switch to instantaneously change from the active state to the inactive state until the piston moves to the first preset position; the delay time of the second travel switch is set to be the time taken from the moment when the second travel switch is in the action state to the non-action state to the moment when the piston moves to the second preset position.

6. The fire protection and ventilation system of claim 4, wherein the walls of the ventilation duct and the fire fighting duct are provided with third travel switches, the third travel switches being located between the first and second predetermined positions, the third travel switches being adapted to limit the piston when the piston is moved to the first or second predetermined positions.

7. The fire protection ventilation system of claim 6, wherein the first, second, and third travel switches are configured in a circular arc shape.

8. The fire protection and ventilation system of claim 6, wherein the environmental monitoring unit comprises a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature signal within the equipment room, a temperature controller for detecting a smoke concentration signal within the equipment room, a smoke sensor for determining the presence or absence of a fire within the equipment room based on the temperature signal, and a smoke controller for determining the presence or absence of a fire within the equipment room based on the smoke concentration signal.

9. The fire protection ventilation system of claim 8, further comprising an alarm device, wherein the alarm device comprises an alarm device and a fire alarm receiving display, the temperature controller is used for generating a first alarm signal when a fire condition exists in the equipment room, the smoke controller is used for generating a second alarm signal when a fire condition exists in the equipment room, the alarm device is used for alarming according to an external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal, and the fire alarm receiving display is used for displaying a fire alarm according to an external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal.

10. The fire protection and ventilation system according to claim 9, wherein the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system includes a gas fire extinguishing controller and a fire extinguishing actuator, the fire extinguishing controller is configured to receive the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal, and control the fire extinguishing actuator to spray a fire extinguishing agent through the fire extinguishing passage into the equipment room according to the external pressing signal, the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal.

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