CN111781648A - A marine information detection cluster system and detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean information detection, and discloses an ocean information detection cluster system and a detection method, wherein a plurality of underwater instrument acquisition units fixed on a rope are arranged; a plurality of overwater wireless communication transponders are also arranged on the special working ship or towed or floated on the water surface; the controllable computer is wirelessly connected with the underwater instrument acquisition unit and the overwater wireless communication transponder; the state of an underwater instrument acquisition unit is sent to the overwater wireless communication transponder on the sea surface in a coding mode; the controllable computer is connected to the appointed working platform through a network to realize the remote control of the ocean information detection cluster system. The invention solves the problems that the current submarine instrument acquisition unit can not communicate and transmit data in real time on the seabed, and can not know the working state of the submarine instrument acquisition unit on the seabed and can not monitor the acquired data in real time; the real-time service technology is utilized to reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the time precision.

Description

A marine information detection cluster system and detection method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine information detection, in particular to a marine geophysical information detection cluster system and a detection method.

Background technique

At present: the existing marine geophysical information detection technology is mainly seabed artificial seismic exploration technology, which is mainly composed of seismic source and acquisition instruments. Most of the submarine seismic exploration technology uses non-explosive (air gun, steam gun, electric spark, etc.) artificial source excitation. The acquisition instruments are generally sunk on the seabed to receive the signals generated by the artificial seismic source, reflected and refracted by the sea surface, water bodies, seabed and deep underground layers, and the acquired signals are subsequently processed and interpreted to meet the needs of different industries. Most use four-component reception. Seabed seismic exploration technology mainly includes submarine cable (Ocean Bottom Cable, referred to as OBC) and submarine underwater node instrument (Ocean Bottom Node, referred to as OBN).

The OBC seabed exploration technology is to connect several acquisition units (including four-component detectors) regularly through cables according to the design requirements, and use a laying vessel to lay the cables on the seabed. The main function of the cable is to transmit control commands. , transmit seismic data, supply power to the acquisition unit, etc. The seismic data is finally sent to the computer through the cable for processing and recording, and this computer is also collectively referred to as the instrument host. During the work, the seabed acquisition unit is controlled by the host computer, and the working status of the acquisition unit is checked.

OBN is called an independent submarine underwater node instrument. Each underwater node instrument operates independently and does not communicate with each other. Generally, it has built-in acquisition module, communication module, multi-component detector, recording module, timing module, etc. The OBN subsea underwater node instrument exploration technology is to place multiple OBN node instruments on the seabed, and the acquisition and layout of OBN node instruments is more flexible than OBC. In order to facilitate the deployment and deployment of node instruments, each node instrument is connected with ropes (nylon ropes, steel cables, etc.). When deploying node instruments in deep-water seas, in order to improve the accuracy, ROV robots are generally used to deploy according to the design requirements, and the ROV robot is also used to dive to the seabed to retrieve the underwater node instruments one by one during recovery.

The OBC system has the following defects because all acquisition units must be connected with cables, data transmission and power-on, which limits the application of the technology: (1) The expansion of the acquisition unit is limited, and it is not suitable for the requirements of high-density offshore acquisition; (2) The seabed layout requirements High, special deck equipment and professional operators are required; (3) Once the cable fails, it is difficult to repair on site, resulting in shutdown; (4) The equipment structure has a certain impact on the collected data. Based on the above technical defects, OBC equipment is gradually replaced by OBN equipment.

At present, the subsea underwater node instruments in the industry operate independently, and there is no mutual connection between the underwater node instruments. The underwater node instruments themselves cannot be positioned, and the working status of the subsea underwater node instruments cannot be monitored in real time. All of the timing systems used in our research use expensive atomic clock chips. Even if they work on the seabed for a long time, the time drift of the atomic clock chip will bring errors to the system and affect the acquisition quality. Due to the above-mentioned defects that cannot be overcome by the underwater instrument acquisition unit itself, the widespread application of the underwater instrument acquisition unit at home and abroad is hindered.

Through the above analysis, the existing problems and defects of OBN technology are as follows:

First, the underwater node instrument itself cannot be positioned, and additional positioning equipment needs to be configured, which brings difficulties to the construction and increases the cost.

Second, it is impossible to monitor the working status of the subsea underwater node instruments in real time, and it is impossible to transmit the relevant data collected by the underwater node instruments in real time.

Third, the underwater node instruments have been on the seabed for a long time, and the drift of the timing system will bring errors to the system and affect the acquisition quality.

The difficulty of solving the above problems and defects is as follows:

The main engine of the timing positioning system is used to communicate with the submarine unit. Under different sea conditions, the communication distance using wireless communication technology cannot be less than 1000 meters or a certain distance. The selection of communication frequency bands and the technical problems of coding, the problem of demodulation of positioning data and status data Wait.

The sea host system uses GPS or Beidou or other high-precision time service, and broadcasts time through the host system to perform time correction on the seabed acquisition unit within a certain time interval.

The significance of solving the above problems and defects is:

The existing OBN technology is in the state of blind mining, and it cannot be determined whether the operation is normal after the layout is completed. Through the existing technology, the working status of the seabed acquisition unit, such as battery remaining, memory remaining, node attitude, and acquisition unit can be analyzed. Whether it is normal or not, timing circuit accuracy, etc. are collected to overcome the shortcomings of conventional nodes. The amount of state data is small, and this technology can meet the requirements.

In terms of node timing, conventional nodes use expensive atomic clocks, which still have drift problems under long-term operation. The use of interval timing technology can not only save costs, but also solve the clock drift problem.

After solving the above problems and defects, the marine information detection cluster system technology fills the global gap in the industry, leads the development direction of marine information detection instruments and equipment, and breaks the "stuck neck" status quo of foreign technology monopoly and technology blockade. It will be widely used in various fields such as marine mineral exploration, natural disaster forecasting, scientific investigation, national defense and military at home and abroad.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a marine information detection cluster system and a detection method.

The present invention is realized in this way, an underwater instrument acquisition unit for ocean exploration, the underwater instrument acquisition unit forms a wired or wireless communication network in a short distance; the adjacent underwater instrument acquisition units connect the The working status, battery power, storage status, location coordinates, and collected data quality information of all the underwater instrument collection units are transmitted to the controllable computer on the water surface.

Further, the underwater instrument collection unit is provided with a high-strength metal or non-metal sealed cabin, and the sealed cabin is provided with a four-component sensor device, an information acquisition analog-to-digital conversion device, a data processing and storage output device, a wireless communication device, and a high-precision crystal oscillator. Timing device, timing positioning device, and rechargeable battery; the sealed cabin is an oblate ellipsoid body, with a sealing cover on the top, and a number of convex edges in different directions on the outside of the top and bottom; Status indicator and WIFI data port.

Further, the capsule adopts an oblate ellipsoid to reduce drag resistance.

Further, the wireless communication device is a sonar device, a radio device or an infrared device or a combination of several different devices;

A metal or non-metal chassis is arranged in the sealed cabin, the four-component sensor device, the information acquisition analog-to-digital conversion device, the data processing and storage output device, the wireless communication device, the high-precision crystal oscillator timing device, the timing positioning device, the The rechargeable batteries are all fixed on the chassis.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a marine information detection cluster system equipped with the above-mentioned underwater instrument acquisition unit, and the marine information detection cluster system is configured with:

an underwater instrument collection unit, which is configured with a plurality of underwater instrument collection units, and is fixed on the universal rope in a series or a parallel manner or a series-parallel combination;

Water wireless communication transponders, one or more of the water wireless communication transponders are arranged on a special working boat or towed or floated on the water;

A controllable computer wirelessly connected with the underwater instrument acquisition unit and the underwater wireless communication transponder;

The state of the acquisition unit of the underwater instrument is sent to the above-water wireless communication transponder on the sea surface in a coded form; the controllable computer is connected to a designated working platform through a network to realize remote control of the marine information detection cluster system.

Further, the underwater instrument acquisition unit identifies key events (for example, submarine earthquakes, external ship navigation disturbances on the water surface, submersibles similar to submarines in the water body can cause sudden and abnormal changes in the conventional monitoring environment), and triggers the launch device, Send information to the data management platform for intelligent early warning;

A plurality of the water wireless communication transponders on the sea form a local area network wirelessly, and data can be selectively sent to one of the data management platforms.

Further, the underwater instrument acquisition unit is integrated with the timing and positioning device, and is designed in an integrated manner according to the shape and structure, and the power supply is integrated; the timing and positioning device receives GPS or Beidou signals through the wireless communication transponder on the water, and adopts underwater acoustics. Positioning technology to obtain the geographic coordinate position information of each underwater collection unit.

Further, the underwater wireless communication transponder sends an instruction to allow the underwater instrument acquisition unit to send relevant time pulses and data, and decode the data, determine the data of the underwater instrument acquisition unit, and distinguish whether it is positioning data or State data of the underwater instrument collection unit;

Under the navigation of the satellite positioning system, the water wireless communication transponder sends an instruction according to a certain design point, and sends high-precision time to the water wireless communication transponder within the distance. The timing of all the underwater instrument acquisition units is completed within a certain period of time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting marine information, the method for detecting marine information is:

Step 1: Charge the underwater instrument acquisition unit through the charging and data interface, and automatically provide timing through the timing positioning device in the open air to ensure that the working status indicator light of the underwater instrument acquisition unit is normal;

Step 2. In one or more batches, multiple underwater instrument collection units are connected by ropes according to the interval distance required by the design. Under the guidance of the water locator, the underwater instrument collection units are put into Within the specified target range on the seabed, under the action of the bottom or the outer convex edge of the sealing cover, the rope and the underwater instrument acquisition unit are relatively fixed on the seabed; until the underwater instrument acquisition unit and rope on the seabed are laid out as required;

Step 3: Use the water wireless communication transponder on the water surface to carry out data communication through the wireless communication device and the submarine instrument, control and monitor and record the detection and collection of information from artificial excitation, natural earthquakes and human factors.

Further, the information data detected by the underwater instrument acquisition unit is all recorded in the data processing, storage and output device through the analog-to-digital conversion device;

After the information detected according to the design requirements reaches the standard, the underwater instrument collection units are recovered to the ship one by one or in batches through ropes, and then all the detected data are recovered through the charging and data interface or WIFI data port, and stored in the designated This process is repeated in different areas until all the designated areas are detected as required or permanently detected and monitored in the designated area as required; permanent detection and monitoring need to be powered by an external power supply through the charging data interface;

During the detection and acquisition process of the underwater instrument acquisition unit on the seabed, the water wireless communication transponder on the water, through the wireless device of the underwater instrument acquisition unit, provides timing for the timing and positioning device regularly or irregularly according to the requirements, so as to improve the high-precision crystal oscillator device. timing accuracy;

The water controllable computer uses the water wireless communication transponder to transfer the internal working status of the underwater instrument acquisition unit, battery power, storage condition or the data detected by the four-component sensor in real time through the wireless communication device. It can also be controlled and changed in real time as required. Various acquisition parameters of the underwater instrument acquisition unit.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of claim 11 .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a marine information detection device provided with the above-mentioned marine information detection cluster system.

Combined with all the above-mentioned technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects possessed by the present invention are:

The marine information detection cluster system of the present invention uses a timing high-precision crystal oscillator timing device, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the marine information detection cluster system, and eliminates the error that the expensive atomic clock chip timing of the conventional underwater instrument acquisition unit cannot be timed.

The invention is suitable for low-cost seabed four-component seismic exploration data acquisition operations, natural seabed seismic data monitoring, detection and recording of human factors (submersibles, ships, shore interference, submarines, autonomous vehicles, AUV, UUV, ROV, frogman, etc.) , underwater creatures, etc.) information source location information. It can overcome the inability of real-time communication and data transmission for the submarine node seismic instruments that the industry uses rope to drop, and it is impossible to understand the working conditions of the submarine underwater instrument acquisition unit during data operation, and solves various practical problems faced by the current submarine node seismic instruments. .

The invention provides that the underwater instrument acquisition unit integrates timing and positioning devices, and the two are integrated in design, which overcomes the lack of timing and positioning functions of the current underwater instrument acquisition unit; reduces the need for a separate system for secondary positioning, and facilitates seabed detection and installation , and the overall cost is also reduced; the invention also increases the real-time positioning data of the underwater instrument acquisition unit.

The invention is convenient for marine seismic exploration companies to collect seabed multi-component seismic data efficiently, safely and at low cost, and provides strong technical support for efficient and low-cost exploration and development of seabed mineral and oil and gas resources; Early warning of marine natural disasters provides favorable data; it is convenient for the formation of a network in the open sea to detect foreign intrusion equipment such as submersibles and ships from human factors, and provides favorable guarantees for national defense security. The marine information detection cluster system has a good prospect of popularization and application.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a marine information detection cluster system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a marine information detection cluster system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-component information detection underwater instrument acquisition unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-component information detection underwater instrument acquisition unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for detecting ocean information provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Node water wireless communication transponder; 2. Rope; 3. Underwater instrument acquisition unit; 4. Four-component sensor device; 5. Timing positioning device; 6. Wireless communication device; 7. Data processing, storage and output device ; 8. Analog-to-digital conversion device; 9. Rechargeable battery; 10. High-precision crystal oscillator timing device; 11. Sealed compartment; 12. Top sealing cover; 13. Raised edge; 14. Handle; 15. Charging and data interface; 16 , working status indicator; 17, WIFI data port; 18, chassis; 19, handle connection hole; 20, lanyard.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a marine information detection cluster system, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present invention, the wireless communication device, the device selects multiple frequencies in the 30k-50k frequency band to communicate with the waterborne wireless communication transponder, the communication distance is not less than 1000 meters or a certain distance, and can distinguish the identity and Different data types; data processing, storage and output device, which filters and amplifies the analog signal collected by the sensor; analog-to-digital conversion device, which performs 24-bit or 32-bit analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal, and converts the signal according to a certain format Arrangement; rechargeable battery, which can satisfy the node’s continuous work under water for 30 days; high-precision crystal oscillator timing device, the crystal oscillator used for the acquisition circuit timing, meets the requirements of 0.25ms sampling, and the 10-hour clock deviation is within 100 microseconds.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the installation schematic diagram of the marine information detection cluster system provided by the present invention includes an underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 , a lanyard 20 , and a rope 2 .

The underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 forms a network at close range, so that the adjacent underwater instrument acquisition units are connected by relay, and the lanyard 20 is used to weaken the vibration wave transmitted from the rope 2 to the node station to reduce noise, and to a greater extent. The working status, battery power, storage status, location coordinates, and collected data quality of all underwater instrument acquisition units are transmitted to the controllable computer on the surface.

As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 , the marine information detection cluster system provided by the present invention includes: node water wireless communication transponder 1, rope 2, underwater instrument acquisition unit 3, four-component sensor device 4, timing positioning device 5, wireless Communication device 6, data processing and storage output device 7, analog-to-digital conversion device 8, rechargeable battery 9, high-precision crystal oscillator timing device 10, sealing chamber 11, top sealing cover 12, convex edge 13, handle 14, charging and data interface 15 , Working status indicator 16, WIFI data port 17, chassis 18, handle connection hole 19.

Example 1

There are a plurality of underwater instrument acquisition units 3 in this embodiment, which are fixed on the universal rope 2 by connecting the handle connecting holes 19 in series; one or more underwater wireless communication transponders 1 are provided, which are arranged on a special working boat or Towed or floated on the water surface; the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 and the node water wireless communication transponder 1 are wirelessly connected to the controllable computer; the node water wireless communication transponder 1 monitors the working state of the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 through the wireless communication device , collect the data of the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3, and form a cluster system together on the water and underwater to detect the information from the water body, the sea surface, the seabed and the underground. The controllable computer is connected to the designated work platform through the network to realize the remote control of the marine information detection cluster system for the use of relevant personnel and departments.

Example 2

On the basis of Embodiment 1, the underwater instrument collection unit 3 of this embodiment is provided with a high-strength metal or non-metal airtight chamber 11 , and a metal or non-metal chassis 18 is arranged in the airtight chamber 11 , and the chassis 18 is fixed with a Four-component sensor device 4, information acquisition analog-to-digital conversion device 8, data processing and storage output device 7, wireless communication device 6, high-precision crystal oscillator timing device 10, timing positioning device 5, rechargeable battery 9; A force-bearing handle 14 is also provided outside; the sealed cabin 11 is mainly used to prevent the protection of the internal electrical and electronic component modules such as seawater and humid gas.

The high-precision crystal oscillator timing device 10 replaces the expensive atomic clock chip, saves a lot of manufacturing costs, and is more conducive to the promotion and realization of the marine information detection cluster system;

The sealed cabin 11 is an oblate ellipsoid. After being buried in seawater or by seabed sediment, the force-bearing area is reduced when the underwater instrument collection unit 3 is recovered. Reducing the force of the underwater instrument collection unit 3 can protect the underwater instrument. The role of the collection unit 3;

The top of the sealed cabin 11 is provided with a top sealing cover 12, and the outer sides of the top and bottom are provided with a number of convex ribs 13 in different directions, which can increase the coupling and fixing effect of the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 and the seabed, and ensure that the submarine underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 detects higher High-quality marine information data; the rear end of the sealed cabin 11 is provided with a charging and data interface 15, a working status indicator 16 and a WIFI data port 17.

The wireless communication device 6 is a sonar device or a radio device or an infrared device or a combination of several different devices; the timing positioning device 5 receives GPS or Beidou signals through a water wireless communication transponder, and adopts underwater acoustic positioning technology to obtain each underwater acquisition unit. The geographic coordinates of the location information.

The marine information detection method of the marine information detection cluster system provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

S101, charging the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 through the charging and data interface, and automatically timing the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 through the timing positioning device 5 in the open air to ensure that the working status indicator light of the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 is normal;

S102, connect a plurality of underwater instrument collection units 3 in one or more batches according to the interval distance required by the design, through ropes 2 (nylon ropes, steel wire ropes, etc.) Put the underwater instrument collection unit 3 into the designated target range on the seabed, and under the action of the outer ridges 13 of the bottom or top sealing cover 12, the rope 2 and the underwater instrument collection unit 3 are relatively fixed on the seabed; until they are laid out as required Complete the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 and rope 2 on the seabed.

S103, using the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 nodes on the water surface wireless communication transponder 1, through the wireless communication device 6 and the submarine instrument for data communication, control and monitor records from artificial excitation, natural earthquakes, human factors and other various Information detection and collection.

Preferably, the underwater instrument collection unit 3 records all the detected information data in the data processing, storage and output device 7 through the analog-to-digital conversion device 8 . After the information detected according to the design requirements reaches the standard, the underwater instrument collection unit 3 is recovered to the ship one by one or in batches through the rope 2, and then all the detected data is recovered and stored through the charging and data interface or the WIFI data port. on the specified medium. This process is repeated in different areas until all designated areas are detected as required or permanently detected and monitored in designated areas as required. For permanent detection and monitoring, an external power supply is required through the charging data interface.

During the detection and acquisition process of the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 on the seabed, the wireless communication transponder 1 of the node on the water, through the wireless device of the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3, according to the requirements, regularly or irregularly provides timing for the timing and positioning device 5. Improve the timing accuracy of high-precision crystal oscillator devices;

The water controllable computer utilizes the node water wireless communication transponder 1, and transfers the internal working status of the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 through the wireless communication device 6 in real time, the power of the rechargeable battery 9 (to meet the node's continuous work under water for 30 days), and the storage condition. or four-component sensor detection of the collected data.

The underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 is located on the seabed to independently acquire and record the multi-component seismograph of the seismic signal. It usually consists of acquisition unit, timing and positioning device, control and storage unit, power supply device, etc.

In the present invention, the four-component geophone in the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 is composed of three vibration-type vertical orthogonal three geophones and one pressure-type geophone, and three vibration-type geophones detect the vertical Convert PS waves to longitudinal and horizontal directions; pressure geophones detect changes in seawater pressure caused by vibration. The analog signals output by the four detectors are sent to the data processing unit, filtered by a digital filter, and then the signals are pre-amplified, sampled according to the sampling rate set in advance, and then converted through 24-bit or 32-bit analog-to-digital conversion. Digital signal. The binary data of each sample point is stored in the internal storage unit in the form of a header and a data segment, and the header part records the precise time of the starting sample point of the data segment, and the precise time control of the sampling part described above It is controlled by an internal high-precision clock, which is calibrated by GPS or Beidou system clock before launching into the water. During the construction process, the host on the sea surface is used to correct the time of the underwater unit within a certain time interval.

The accuracy of the clock, the capacity of the battery, the state of the memory, the attitude of the underwater unit and other information in the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3 are sent to the response unit on the sea surface through the communication module in the form of coding, and the communication of the wireless communication module is started, through the command Activate the startup, reduce power consumption, and send the status data to the sea surface transponder or data management platform, so that the staff can timely know whether the underwater unit is working normally.

The timing and positioning device is integrated into the underwater instrument acquisition unit 3, the power module of the shared unit, and the appearance and waterproofing are integrated.

The underwater instrument collection units 3 of the present invention form a network at close range, so that the adjacent underwater instrument collection units 3 can be relayed to a greater extent to record the working status, battery power, storage status, Information such as position coordinates and the quality of the collected data are transmitted to the controllable computer on the water.

The timing positioning device 5 receives GPS or Beidou signals through the water wireless communication transponder, and adopts the underwater acoustic positioning technology to obtain the geographic coordinate position information of each underwater acquisition unit.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by , "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, not An indication or implication that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, is not to be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art is within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and all within the spirit and principle of the present invention Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A marine information detection cluster system, wherein the marine information detection cluster system is configured with: an underwater instrument acquisition unit, the underwater instrument acquisition unit is configured with a plurality of and fixed on the rope; Water wireless communication transponders, one or more of the water wireless communication transponders are arranged on a special working boat or towed or floated on the water; A controllable computer wirelessly connected with the underwater instrument acquisition unit and the underwater wireless communication transponder; The state of the acquisition unit of the underwater instrument is sent to the above-water wireless communication transponder on the sea surface in a coded form; the controllable computer is connected to a designated working platform through a network to realize remote control of the marine information detection cluster system. 2. The marine information detection cluster system according to claim 1, wherein the underwater instrument collection unit identifies key events, triggers a transmitter, and sends the information to a data management platform for intelligent early warning; A plurality of the water wireless communication transponders on the sea surface form a local area network by wireless, and the data is selectively sent to one of the data management platforms. 3. The marine information detection cluster system according to claim 1, wherein the underwater instrument acquisition unit is integrated with the timing positioning device, and is designed in an integrated manner according to the shape and structure, and integrated power supply; the timing The positioning device receives GPS or Beidou signals through the water wireless communication transponder, and adopts the underwater acoustic positioning technology to obtain the geographic coordinate position information of each underwater acquisition unit. 4. The marine information detection cluster system according to claim 1, characterized in that, said underwater wireless communication transponder sends an instruction to allow said underwater instrument acquisition unit to send relevant time pulses and data, and decode the data, Determine the data of the underwater instrument acquisition unit, and distinguish whether it is the positioning data or the status data of the underwater instrument acquisition unit; Under the navigation of the satellite positioning system, the water wireless communication transponder sends an instruction according to a certain design point, and sends high-precision time to the water wireless communication transponder within the distance. The timing of all the underwater instrument acquisition units is completed within a certain period of time. 5. An underwater instrument acquisition unit for ocean exploration applied by the trunking system of claims 1-4, characterized in that the underwater instrument acquisition unit forms a communication network at close range; The instrument acquisition unit transmits the working status, battery power, storage status, location coordinates, and collected data quality information of all the underwater instrument acquisition units to the controllable computer on the water surface by relay. 6 . The underwater instrument acquisition unit according to claim 5 , wherein the underwater instrument acquisition unit is provided with a high-strength metal or non-metal airtight cabin, and a four-component sensor device, an information acquisition module are arranged in the airtight cabin. 7 . Digital conversion device, data processing and storage output device, wireless communication device, high-precision crystal oscillator timing device, timing positioning device, and rechargeable battery; the top of the sealed cabin is provided with a sealing cover, and the outer sides of the top and bottom are provided with a number of convex ribs in different directions; The rear end of the cabin is provided with a charging and data interface, a working status indicator and a WIFI data port. 7 . The underwater instrument collection unit according to claim 5 , wherein the sealed chamber adopts an oblate spheroid that reduces drag resistance. 8 . 8. The underwater instrument acquisition unit according to claim 5, wherein the wireless communication device is a sonar device, a radio device or an infrared device or a combination of several different devices; A metal or non-metal chassis is arranged in the sealed cabin, the four-component sensor device, the information acquisition analog-to-digital conversion device, the data processing and storage output device, the wireless communication device, the high-precision crystal oscillator timing device, the timing positioning device, the The rechargeable batteries are all fixed on the chassis. 9. A method for ocean information detection, wherein the method for ocean information detection is: Step 1: Charge the underwater instrument acquisition unit through the charging and data interface, and automatically provide timing through the timing positioning device in the open air to ensure that the working status indicator light of the underwater instrument acquisition unit is normal; Step 2. In one or more batches, multiple underwater instrument collection units are connected by ropes according to the interval distance required by the design. Under the guidance of the water locator, the underwater instrument collection units are put into Within the specified target range on the seabed, under the action of the bottom or the outer convex edge of the sealing cover, the rope and the underwater instrument acquisition unit are relatively fixed on the seabed; until the underwater instrument acquisition unit and rope on the seabed are laid out as required; Step 3: Use the water wireless communication transponder on the water surface to carry out data communication through the wireless communication device and the submarine instrument, control and monitor and record the detection and collection of information from artificial excitation, natural earthquakes and human factors. 10. The method for marine information detection according to claim 9, wherein the information data detected by the underwater instrument collection unit is all recorded in the data processing, storage and output device through an analog-to-digital conversion device; After the information detected according to the design requirements reaches the standard, the underwater instrument collection units are recovered to the ship one by one or in batches through ropes, and then all the detected data are recovered through the charging and data interface or WIFI data port, and stored in the designated This process is repeated in different areas until all the designated areas are detected as required or permanently detected and monitored in the designated area as required; permanent detection and monitoring need to be powered by an external power supply through the charging data interface; During the detection and acquisition process of the underwater instrument acquisition unit on the seabed, the water wireless communication transponder on the water, through the wireless device of the underwater instrument acquisition unit, provides timing for the timing and positioning device regularly or irregularly according to the requirements, so as to improve the high-precision crystal oscillator device. timing accuracy; The water controllable computer uses the water wireless communication transponder to transfer the internal working status of the underwater instrument acquisition unit, battery power, storage condition or the data detected by the four-component sensor in real time through the wireless communication device. It can also be controlled and changed in real time as required. Various acquisition parameters of the underwater instrument acquisition unit. 11. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of claim 11. 12. A marine information detection device provided with the marine information detection cluster system according to any one of claims 5-7.

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