CN111777403B - Preparation method of thin-body twisted-body porcelain based on 3D printing forming - Google Patents
Preparation method of thin-body twisted-body porcelain based on 3D printing forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN111777403B CN111777403B CN202010692151.3A CN202010692151A CN111777403B CN 111777403 B CN111777403 B CN 111777403B CN 202010692151 A CN202010692151 A CN 202010692151A CN 111777403 B CN111777403 B CN 111777403B
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
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- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
- B28B17/02—Conditioning the material prior to shaping
- B28B17/026—Conditioning ceramic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of thin-body twisted porcelain, and discloses a preparation method of thin-body twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming, which comprises the following steps: 1) the white mud slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of kaolin, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 1-6 parts of talc, 2-10 parts of dolomite, 1-6 parts of wollastonite and 2-8 parts of spodumene, wherein the total amount of the talc, the dolomite and the spodumene is 8-15 parts, and the total amount of the wollastonite and the spodumene is 5-8 parts, and the raw materials are ground, subjected to impurity removal, sieved, mixed, added with water, prepared and pulped; 2) adding high-temperature pigment into the white slurry, ball-milling, vacuum stirring, degassing and aging; 3) adding color mud slurry of at least two colors into a 3D printer for printing, and heating a formed blank in the printing process; 4) after finishing, primary firing, finishing again, and secondary firing after unglazed or glazed. The method can prepare the thin-body twisted-body porcelain, improve the transparency and reduce the cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of thin-body twisted porcelain, and particularly relates to a preparation method of thin-body twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming.
Background
The porcelain with twisted body is also called as "stirred body porcelain", and is a ceramic product made up by using two or more than two kinds of colour mud which are alternatively placed or kneaded, and through the processes of blank-drawing, forming and glazing and sintering. The various textures of the manufactured porcelain are communicated or the same inside and outside, and the effect is different from that of other chinaware. The twisted body porcelain is an artistic porcelain variety which utilizes the change of the ornamentation in the body to decorate porcelain, various ornamentations of the twisted body artistic porcelain are generated by the body, the surface and the inside are as same as each other, the inside and the outside are transparent, the textures of the twisted body artistic porcelain are integrated with the porcelain body, the porcelain body is natural and harmonious, and the artistic charm of the twisted body porcelain is enhanced.
The preparation of the porcelain with the twisted tire is mostly finished manually, the labor capacity is large, the difficulty of the process of the twisted tire is large, the porcelain with the twisted tire is not easy to master, the earth with different colors is not easy to perfectly combine, the porcelain with the twisted tire is easy to crack, and the yield is low. In addition, the wall thickness of the existing porcelain product with the twisted body is large, the transmittance is small, and the practical application of the porcelain product is limited.
3D printing (3DP), one of the rapid prototyping technologies, integrates CAD with CAM by modern means such as computer, laser, precision drive and numerical control, directly manufactures product samples in a build-up manner layer by layer in a short time according to a three-dimensional model constructed on a computer without the need for traditional machining tools and dies. 3D printing is inherently advantageous, but the use of 3D printing for different molding materials necessarily also puts different demands on the molding materials. How to apply the 3D printing technology to the preparation of the porcelain with twisted bodies and obtain better effects is a subject of research.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a thin-body twisted body porcelain based on 3D printing forming, which can realize the rapid forming of the twisted body porcelain, shorten the production period, overcome the defects that the twisted body porcelain is easy to crack, improve the yield, reduce the product thickness and widen the application of the twisted body porcelain.
The invention provides a preparation method of a thin-body twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing white mud slurry: the white mud slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of kaolin, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 1-6 parts of talc, 2-10 parts of dolomite, 1-6 parts of wollastonite and 2-8 parts of spodumene, wherein the total amount of the talc, the dolomite and the spodumene is 8-15 parts, and the total amount of the wollastonite and the spodumene is 5-8 parts, and the raw materials are respectively ground, subjected to impurity removal and sieving, mixed according to respective parts by weight, and then added with water to prepare and pulp, so as to obtain white mud slurry;
2) preparing color mud slurry: adding high-temperature pigment and optional color protective agent into the white mud slurry, and performing ball milling, vacuum stirring, degassing and aging to obtain color mud slurry;
3)3D printing and forming: adding color mud slurry of at least two colors into a 3D printer for printing, heating a formed blank in the printing process to quickly shape the blank, and obtaining a thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank after printing is finished;
4) and (3) finishing the thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank, putting the trimmed thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank into a kiln, carrying out primary sintering, finishing again, and carrying out secondary sintering after unglazed or glazed to obtain a finished thin-body twisted-body porcelain product.
Preferably, the raw materials of the white mud slurry comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of kaolin, 8-12 parts of bentonite, 2-5 parts of talc, 2-8 parts of dolomite, 1-4 parts of wollastonite and 2-8 parts of spodumene, wherein the total amount of the talc, the dolomite and the spodumene is 8-10 parts, and the total amount of the wollastonite and the spodumene is 5-7 parts.
Further preferably, the raw materials of the white mud slurry comprise the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of talc, 3 parts of dolomite, 2 parts of wollastonite and 4 parts of spodumene.
According to the invention, the talc, the dolomite and the spodumene are added, so that the transparency of the thin-body twisted-matrix porcelain can be improved, the firing temperature of the thin-body twisted-matrix porcelain is reduced, the porosity and the defects of a blank are reduced, the mechanical properties such as the mechanical strength of the blank are enhanced, and the service performance of the thin-body twisted-matrix porcelain is improved. By adding wollastonite and spodumene, the shrinkage of the green body can be reduced, and the firing temperature can be reduced. The bentonite mainly plays a role of a binder, and is combined with a heating process in the printing process, so that the ageing time of the slurry can be shortened.
The influence among various factors is comprehensively considered, and the adding amount of the components is limited, so that the thin-body twisted-matrix porcelain has better performance, and the transparency, the cracking, the service performance and the like are mainly considered.
In the invention, the grinding of each raw material is carried out by adopting a stainless steel ball mill, and the fineness of the obtained raw material is controlled to be 200 meshes of sieve which can pass through the whole sieve until the rest is less than 0.1 percent.
In order to ensure the thinness and the transparency of the porcelain with the twisted bodies, the raw materials are fully ground and subjected to impurity removal, wherein the impurity removal comprises removing iron for 4 times by adopting a high-intensity magnetic field of 1 ten thousand gauss, and the impurity content of the obtained raw materials is less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Fe and less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti.
Preferably, the ball milling is carried out for 20-40min by adopting a rapid ball mill; stirring under vacuum, degassing for 10-30min with vacuum degree above 740mmHg, and aging for 24-48 hr. The slurry is fine and smooth and has no air holes through ball milling and degassing, and qualified raw materials are provided for 3D printing of thin body twisted body porcelain.
The invention can assist in avoiding the cracking of the green body caused by the difference of the expansion coefficients of the mud materials with different colors by heating in the printing process, and also has great shaping effect on the shaping of the thin-body twisted-body porcelain. Preferably, the formed blank is sequentially heated along the height direction in the printing process, the heating temperature is 35-75 ℃, the heating is carried out in a programmed heating mode, the heating rate is 2-5 ℃/min, the heating time is 5-20min, and the highest position for heating is 3-6cm away from the printing position. The heating is carried out using conventional local heating means, as long as the above-described heating manner can be achieved.
Preferably, the primary firing is carried out according to the following temperature gradient: the temperature in the kiln is 200-300 ℃, and the firing time is 1-3 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 450-600 ℃, and the firing time is 2-3.5 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 800-1100 ℃, the firing time is 2-3 hours, and the heating rate among all gradients is 2-5 ℃/min. The risk of cracking of the thin-body twisted-matrix porcelain body can be effectively reduced through primary temperature programming and heating.
In the invention, the firing temperature of the secondary firing can be 1250-1450 ℃, and the firing time can be 5-10 hours. Preferably, the firing temperature of the secondary firing is 1320-1420 ℃, and the firing time is 5-8 hours.
The process parameters not defined in the present invention are carried out in a conventional manner in the art. For example, the selection of the high-temperature pigment and the color protective agent, the weaving of the 3D printer for the mud slurry with different colors, the realization of different feeding modes of a single cylinder or the alternate discharging modes of two cylinders and a plurality of cylinders, the water content of the color mud slurry and the like can be adopted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, through the difference of ingredients, the pretreatment mode of raw materials, the control of the printing process and the firing process and the application of the 3D printing forming technology, the preparation of the thin-body twisted-body porcelain is realized, and the porcelain has certain transparency on the basis of the artistic aesthetic feeling of the twisted-body porcelain, can be used for manufacturing living artworks such as lampshades, transparent cups, tea cups, flowerpots, vehicle hangers and the like, and the cracking probability of the thin-body twisted-body porcelain is reduced, and the yield is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Examples 1 to 3 are intended to illustrate the method of preparing a thin-bodied porcelain based on 3D printing molding according to the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a thin-body twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming comprises the following steps:
1) preparing white mud slurry: the white mud slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of bentonite, 2 parts of talc, 3 parts of dolomite, 2 parts of wollastonite and 3 parts of spodumene; grinding, removing impurities and sieving the raw materials respectively, mixing the raw materials in parts by weight, adding water for blending and pulping to obtain white mud slurry;
2) preparing color mud slurry: adding high-temperature pigment and optional color protective agent into the white mud slurry, and performing ball milling, vacuum stirring, degassing and aging to obtain color mud slurry;
3)3D printing and forming: adding color mud slurry of at least two colors into a 3D printer for printing, heating a formed blank in the printing process to quickly shape the blank, and obtaining a thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank after printing is finished;
4) and (3) finishing the thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank, putting the trimmed thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank into a kiln, carrying out primary sintering, finishing again, and carrying out secondary sintering after unglazed or glazed to obtain a finished thin-body twisted-body porcelain product.
Grinding the raw materials by a stainless steel ball mill, wherein the fineness of the obtained raw materials is controlled to be 200 meshes of sieve which can pass through the raw materials to 250 meshes of sieve, and the rest is less than 0.1%. The impurity removal comprises removing iron for 4 times by adopting a high-intensity magnetic field of 1 ten thousand gauss, and the impurity content of the obtained raw material is less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Fe and less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti. The ball milling is carried out for 20min by adopting a rapid ball mill; stirring under vacuum, degassing for 10min with vacuum degree above 740mmHg, and aging for 24 hr.
And in the printing process, the formed blank is sequentially heated along the height direction, the heating temperature is 45 ℃, the blank is heated in a programmed heating mode, the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, the heating time is 20min, and the highest position for heating is 4cm away from the printing position.
The primary burning is carried out according to the following temperature gradient: the temperature in the kiln is 200 ℃, and the firing time is 3 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 450 ℃, and the firing time is 3.5 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 900 ℃, the firing time is 3 hours, and the heating rate among all gradients is 2 ℃/min.
The firing temperature of the secondary firing was 1300, and the firing time was 5 hours.
Through detection, the thickness of the thin-body twisted body porcelain prepared by the embodiment is 1.5mm, the transmittance is 43%, and the cracking probability of a finished product obtained by firing is less than 2%.
Example 2
A preparation method of a thin-body twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming comprises the following steps:
1) preparing white mud slurry: the white mud slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of talc, 3 parts of dolomite, 2 parts of wollastonite and 4 parts of spodumene; grinding, removing impurities and sieving the raw materials respectively, mixing the raw materials in parts by weight, adding water for blending and pulping to obtain white mud slurry;
2) preparing color mud slurry: adding high-temperature pigment and optional color protective agent into the white mud slurry, and performing ball milling, vacuum stirring, degassing and aging to obtain color mud slurry;
3)3D printing and forming: adding color mud slurry of at least two colors into a 3D printer for printing, heating a formed blank in the printing process to quickly shape the blank, and obtaining a thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank after printing is finished;
4) and (3) finishing the thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank, putting the trimmed thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank into a kiln, carrying out primary sintering, finishing again, and carrying out secondary sintering after unglazed or glazed to obtain a finished thin-body twisted-body porcelain product.
Grinding the raw materials by a stainless steel ball mill, wherein the fineness of the obtained raw materials is controlled to be 200 meshes of sieve which can pass through the raw materials to 250 meshes of sieve, and the rest is less than 0.1%. The impurity removal comprises removing iron for 4 times by adopting a high-intensity magnetic field of 1 ten thousand gauss, and the impurity content of the obtained raw material is less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Fe and less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti. The ball milling is carried out for 30min by adopting a rapid ball mill; stirring under vacuum, degassing for 30min with vacuum degree above 740mmHg, and aging for 36 hr.
And in the printing process, the formed blank is sequentially heated along the height direction, the heating temperature is 60 ℃, the blank is heated in a programmed heating mode, the heating rate is 3 ℃/min, the heating time is 15min, and the highest position for heating is 5cm away from the printing position.
The primary burning is carried out according to the following temperature gradient: the temperature in the kiln is 250 ℃, and the firing time is 2 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 500 ℃, and the firing time is 2.5 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 1000 ℃, the firing time is 2.5 hours, and the heating rate among all gradients is 3 ℃/min.
The firing temperature of the secondary firing is 1350 ℃, and the firing time is 6 hours.
Through detection, the thickness of the thin-body twisted body porcelain prepared by the embodiment is 1mm, the transmittance is 52%, and the cracking probability of a finished product obtained by firing is less than 2%.
Example 3
A preparation method of a thin-body twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming comprises the following steps:
1) preparing white mud slurry: the white mud slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of talc, 3 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of wollastonite and 3 parts of spodumene; grinding, removing impurities and sieving the raw materials respectively, mixing the raw materials in parts by weight, adding water for blending and pulping to obtain white mud slurry;
2) preparing color mud slurry: adding high-temperature pigment and optional color protective agent into the white mud slurry, and performing ball milling, vacuum stirring, degassing and aging to obtain color mud slurry;
3)3D printing and forming: adding color mud slurry of at least two colors into a 3D printer for printing, heating a formed blank in the printing process to quickly shape the blank, and obtaining a thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank after printing is finished;
4) and (3) finishing the thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank, putting the trimmed thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank into a kiln, carrying out primary sintering, finishing again, and carrying out secondary sintering after unglazed or glazed to obtain a finished thin-body twisted-body porcelain product.
Grinding the raw materials by a stainless steel ball mill, wherein the fineness of the obtained raw materials is controlled to be 200 meshes of sieve which can pass through the raw materials to 250 meshes of sieve, and the rest is less than 0.1%. The impurity removal comprises removing iron for 4 times by adopting a high-intensity magnetic field of 1 ten thousand gauss, and the impurity content of the obtained raw material is less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Fe and less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti. The ball milling is carried out for 40min by adopting a rapid ball mill; stirring under vacuum, degassing for 30min with vacuum degree above 740mmHg, and aging for 48 hr.
And in the printing process, the formed blank is sequentially heated along the height direction, the heating temperature is 70 ℃, the blank is heated in a programmed heating mode, the heating rate is 3 ℃/min, the heating time is 10min, and the highest position for heating is 6cm away from the printing position.
The primary burning is carried out according to the following temperature gradient: the temperature in the kiln is 300 ℃, and the firing time is 1 hour; the temperature in the kiln is 550 ℃, and the firing time is 3 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 1100 ℃, the firing time is 2 hours, and the heating rate among all gradients is 4 ℃/min.
The firing temperature of the secondary firing is 1400 ℃, and the firing time is 5 hours.
Through detection, the thickness of the thin-body twisted-body porcelain prepared by the embodiment is 2mm, the transmittance is 35%, and the cracking probability of a finished product obtained by burning is less than 2%.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, in the comparative example, no talc, dolomite and spodumene are added, the rest process parameters are the same as those of the example 1, and the transmittance of the finished product of the thin-body twisted-matrix porcelain is reduced by 12 percent through detection.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 1, wollastonite and spodumene are not added in the comparative example, the formed blank is not heated in the 3D printing forming process, the rest process parameters are the same as those of the example 1, and through a plurality of times of thin-body stranded-core porcelain preparation experiments, compared with the example 1, the cracking probability of a thin-body stranded-core porcelain finished product is improved by 50%.
According to the comparison between the examples and the comparative examples, the thin twisted body porcelain finished product prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good transmittance and small cracking probability, and the practical range of the twisted body porcelain is widened.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the illustrated embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a thin-body twisted-body porcelain based on 3D printing forming is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing white mud slurry: the white mud slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of kaolin, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 1-6 parts of talc, 2-10 parts of dolomite, 1-6 parts of wollastonite and 2-8 parts of spodumene, wherein the total amount of the talc, the dolomite and the spodumene is 8-15 parts, and the total amount of the wollastonite and the spodumene is 5-8 parts, and the raw materials are respectively ground, subjected to impurity removal and sieving, mixed according to respective parts by weight, and then added with water to prepare and pulp, so as to obtain white mud slurry; grinding the raw materials by a stainless steel ball mill; removing impurities by removing iron for 4 times by adopting a high-intensity magnetic field of 1 ten thousand gauss;
2) preparing color mud slurry: adding high-temperature pigment and optional color protective agent into the white mud slurry, and performing ball milling, vacuum stirring, degassing and aging to obtain color mud slurry; ball milling is carried out for 20-40min by adopting a rapid ball mill; stirring under vacuum, degassing for 10-30min with vacuum degree above 740mmHg, and aging for 24-48 hr;
3)3D printing and forming: adding color mud slurry of at least two colors into a 3D printer for printing, heating a formed blank in the printing process to rapidly shape the blank, obtaining a thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank after printing is finished, sequentially heating the formed blank along the height direction in the printing process, and implementing the highest position of heating to be 3-6cm away from the position for printing;
4) and (3) finishing the thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank, putting the trimmed thin-body twisted-body porcelain blank into a kiln, carrying out primary sintering, finishing again, and carrying out secondary sintering after unglazed or glazed to obtain a finished thin-body twisted-body porcelain product.
2. The preparation method of the thin-bodied twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming according to claim 1, wherein: the white mud slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of kaolin, 8-12 parts of bentonite, 2-5 parts of talc, 2-8 parts of dolomite, 1-4 parts of wollastonite and 2-8 parts of spodumene, wherein the total amount of the talc, the dolomite and the spodumene is 8-10 parts, and the total amount of the wollastonite and the spodumene is 5-7 parts.
3. The preparation method of the thin-bodied twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming according to claim 2, wherein: the white mud slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of talc, 3 parts of dolomite, 2 parts of wollastonite and 4 parts of spodumene.
4. The preparation method of the thin-bodied twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming according to claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the raw materials obtained by grinding is controlled to be 200 meshes of sieve to pass through the sieve of 250 meshes, and the rest is less than 0.3%.
5. The preparation method of the thin-bodied twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming according to claim 1, wherein: the impurity content of Fe in the raw material obtained by impurity removal is less than or equal to 0.4 percent, and the impurity content of Ti in the raw material obtained by impurity removal is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
6. The preparation method of the thin-bodied twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming according to claim 1, wherein: the 3D printing heating temperature is 35-75 ℃, the heating is carried out by adopting a programmed heating mode, the heating rate is 2-5 ℃/min, and the heating time is 5-20 min.
7. The preparation method of the thin-bodied twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming according to claim 1, wherein: the primary burning is carried out according to the following temperature gradient: the temperature in the kiln is 200-300 ℃, and the firing time is 1-3 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 450-600 ℃, and the firing time is 2-3.5 hours; the temperature in the kiln is 800-1100 ℃, the firing time is 2-3 hours, and the heating rate among all gradients is 2-5 ℃/min.
8. The preparation method of the thin-bodied twisted porcelain based on 3D printing forming according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: the firing temperature of the secondary firing is 1250-1450 ℃, and the firing time is 5-10 hours.
9. The preparation method of the thin-bodied twisted porcelain based on 3D printing molding according to claim 8, wherein: the firing temperature of the secondary firing is 1320-1420 ℃, and the firing time is 5-8 hours.
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