CN111774668A - Optimization method for contact area of short-tooth-surface spiral bevel gear - Google Patents
Optimization method for contact area of short-tooth-surface spiral bevel gear Download PDFInfo
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- B23F9/00—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of gear finish machining, and particularly relates to a short-tooth-surface spiral bevel gear contact area optimization method, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a cutter head of the spiral bevel gear; 2) the effect of using two different sized cutterheads on the gear contact zone; 3) the comparison of two cutterheads with different sizes in actual processing, the influence of the change of the mounting distance H and the change of the offset distance V on the contact area; 4) and the conclusion is drawn that when the spiral bevel gear with the short tooth surface is designed and machined, the cutter disc with the smaller model is selected through calculation, so that the control of the contact area of the gear pair is more facilitated, and the qualified noise is ensured. The method can draw the conclusion that when the spiral bevel gear with the short tooth surface is machined, the small cutter head is selected through calculation, the control of the contact area of the gear pair is facilitated, the noise is qualified, and the method plays a great practical role in controlling the noise of the gear pair with the short tooth surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gear finish machining, and particularly relates to a short-tooth-surface spiral bevel gear contact area optimization method.
Background
The spiral bevel gear has the advantages of large contact ratio, stable transmission, strong bearing capacity, low noise and the like, and can be widely applied to mechanical transmission. 15KG and 30KG transfer robot terminal acceleration mechanism comprises a pair of short tooth face spiral bevel gear pair and harmonic speed reducer machine and the drive servo motor that the modulus is 1.5, drives big bevel gear at first by servo motor and then slows down through one-level acceleration after the rethread harmonic speed reducer machine reaches the purpose of increase moment of torsion. When the input rotating speed reaches 3000RPM, the rotating speed of the small bevel gear is increased by the large gear to 6000RPM, the contact area of the gear pair expands along with the change of the tail end load, noise is generated when the contact area expands to the outside of the tooth surface, so the position of the contact area particularly and importantly influences the position of the contact area by the two factors, namely the installation distance H and the offset distance V, and therefore the selection of the cutter head is important when the gear pair is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides the short-tooth-surface spiral bevel gear contact area optimization method which combines the comparison of selecting cutter discs with different sizes in the design process of the short-tooth-surface spiral bevel gear with the actual processing and can obtain the conclusion that when the short-tooth-surface spiral bevel gear is processed, the selection of a cutter disc with a smaller model through calculation is more beneficial to the control of a gear pair contact area so as to ensure the qualified noise, and plays a great practical role in controlling the noise of the short-tooth-surface spiral bevel gear.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a short tooth surface spiral bevel gear contact area optimization method comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a cutter head of the spiral bevel gear;
2) the effect of using two different sized cutterheads on the gear contact zone;
3) the comparison of two cutterheads with different sizes in actual processing, the influence of the change of the mounting distance H and the change of the offset distance V on the contact area;
4) and the conclusion is drawn that when the spiral bevel gear with the short tooth surface is designed and machined, the cutter disc with the smaller model is selected through calculation, so that the control of the contact area of the gear pair is more facilitated, and the qualified noise is ensured.
Preferably, in the step 1), the tooth face width of the short tooth face spiral bevel gear is selected to be 6.5mm, the diameter of the large gear is selected to be 53.2mm, and according to the calculation of Rc ═ d2/2(sin2), the cutter disc radius at a closer distance is selected, and the cutter discs are 2 inches and 1.5 inches.
Preferably, in the step 2), a 2-inch cutter head is adopted to calculate that the working surface and the non-working surface of the contact area both account for 40% -50% of the whole tooth surface; the working surface and the non-working surface of the contact area account for 30-40% of the whole tooth surface by adopting a 1.5-inch cutter head, and the two output results show that the pair of gear pairs can be processed by adopting a 2-inch cutter head or a 1.5-inch cutter head, and the difference is in the height of the contact area.
Preferably, the influence of the change of the mounting distance H on the contact area in the step 3):
when 2-inch cutter head gear cutting processing is adopted, the noise of about 70DB is consistent with the calculation result by checking that the tooth surface contact area accounts for about 40-50% of the tooth surface by using a pairing machine, when the installation distance displacement amount of a driving gear is H1-0.05, the driving gear contact area deviates towards the tooth root direction, the noise slightly changes, and when the installation distance displacement amount of the driving gear is H1-0.1, the contact area deviates towards the tooth root direction, the noise has obvious increasing trend; when the driving gear mounting distance H1 is plus 0.05, the contact area deviates towards the tooth top direction, the noise is obviously changed, and when the driving gear mounting distance H1 is plus 0.1, the noise of the contact area which already runs out of the tooth top is changed to be as great as 80 DB;
when a 1.5-inch cutter head is adopted, the noise of the matched machine is about 70DB when the contact area of the tooth surface accounts for about 30-40% of the tooth surface, the noise is consistent with the calculation result, and when the installation distance of the driving gear is H1-0.05, the contact area of the driving gear slightly deviates towards the tooth root direction, and the noise is not obviously changed. When the driving gear installation distance is H1-0.1, the contact is deviated towards the tooth root direction, the noise is slightly changed, when the driving gear installation distance is H1+0.05, the deviation noise of the contact zone towards the tooth top direction is not obviously changed, and when the driving gear installation distance is H1+0.1, the deviation of the contact zone towards the tooth top but not separated from the tooth top noise is not obviously changed.
Preferably, the influence of the variation of the offset (V) in said step 3) on the contact zone:
when the axis of the driving gear is lower than the driven gear axis V1-0.05, the concave surface of the gear contact area is completely contacted with the big end at the small end and the convex surface of the gear contact area is separated from the tooth top, the noise has a trend of obvious increase, when the axis of the driving gear is higher than the driven gear axis V1+0.05, the concave surface of the gear contact area is contacted with the small end at the big end and the convex surface of the gear contact area is completely contacted with the small end at the big end, the noise has a trend of obvious change, when the axis of the driving gear is higher than the driven gear axis V1+0.1, the concave surface of the contact area is completely contacted with the small end at the big end and the convex surface of the gear contact area, and the noise is obviously increased;
when the axis of the driving gear is lower than a large gear axis V1-0.05, the concave surface of the gear contact area is slightly smaller than the small end and the convex surface is slightly larger than the large end, the noise is not obviously changed, when the axis of the driving gear is lower than a large gear axis V1-0.1, the concave surface of the gear contact area is slightly smaller than the large end and the convex surface is slightly larger than the small end, the noise is not changed, when the axis of the driving gear is higher than a driven gear axis V1+0.05, the concave surface of the gear contact area is slightly larger than the large end and the convex surface is slightly smaller than the small end, and when the axis of the driving gear is higher than a driven gear axis V1+0.1, the concave surface of the contact area is slightly larger than the large end and the convex surface is.
The method can draw the conclusion that when the spiral bevel gear with the short tooth surface is machined, the small cutter head is selected through calculation, the control of the contact area of the gear pair is facilitated, the noise is qualified, and the method plays a great practical role in controlling the noise of the gear pair with the short tooth surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a short face spiral bevel gear of the type selected in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a 2 inch cutterhead calculating the working and non-working faces of the contact area in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a 1.5 inch cutterhead calculating the working and non-working surfaces of the contact area in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the contact area of a 2 inch cutter machined gear V1+0.1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the contact area of the 1.5 inch cutter machined gear V1+0.1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the V/H movement direction in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
A short tooth surface spiral bevel gear contact area optimization method comprises the following steps:
1. the selection of the arc-tooth bevel gear cutter head,
as shown in figure 1, the invention selects a pair of spiral bevel gears with 32:16 teeth, the face width of the spiral bevel gears is 6.5mm, and the diameter of the large gear is 53.2 mm. According to the new design method of the bevel gear, the tooth face width b of the bevel gear is generally 0.3Re or 10me2, and is 8.65mm according to calculation, so that the pair of gear pairs are short-tooth-face gears. The cutter radius Rc is selected at the time of design according to the bull wheel pitch diameter d2, and the cutter radius has been standardized by table 1, which lists the standard cutter radius recommended by gritson corporation. It can also be calculated from Rc d2/2(sin 2). The cutter radius closer to the selected cutter is recommended according to table 1 to refer to the cutter with the standard of the existing cutter of my department as 2 inches and 1.5 inches.
TABLE 1
2. The effect of using different sized cutterheads on the gear contact area.
1. The working surface and the non-working surface of the contact area both account for about 40% -50% of the whole tooth surface by adopting a 2-inch cutter head, and the working surface and the non-working surface are calculated and shown in figure 2.
2. The working surface and the non-working surface of the contact area both account for about 30 to 40 percent of the whole tooth surface by adopting a 1.5-inch cutter head, and the figure 3 shows that the working surface and the non-working surface of the contact area both account for about 30 to 40 percent of the whole tooth surface.
Through the two output results, the fact that the pair of gear pairs are processed by adopting a 2-inch cutter head or a 1.5-inch cutter head is feasible. The difference is the height of the contact zone.
3. Comparison of two cutter heads in actual processing
3.1 Effect of mounting Pitch (H) variation on contact area
When the 2-inch cutter head is adopted for gear cutting processing, the noise of the matched machine is about 70DB when the contact area of the tooth surface accounts for about 40-50% of the tooth surface, and the noise is slightly changed when the contact area of the driving gear deviates towards the tooth root direction when the mounting distance displacement amount of the driving gear is H1-0.05. When the mounting distance of the driving gear is H1 and the displacement is-0.1, the contact area is shifted towards the tooth root direction, and the noise is obviously increased. When the driving gear mounting distance H1 is +0.05, the contact area is shifted towards the tooth top direction, the noise is obviously changed, and when the driving gear mounting distance H1 is +0.1, the noise of the contact area which has run out of the tooth top is changed to be as large as 80 DB.
When a 1.5-inch cutter head is adopted, the noise of the matched machine is about 70DB when the contact area of the tooth surface accounts for about 30-40% of the tooth surface, the noise is consistent with the calculation result, and when the installation distance of the driving gear is H1-0.05, the contact area of the driving gear slightly deviates towards the tooth root direction, and the noise is not obviously changed. The contact shifts in the direction of the tooth root with a drive gear setting distance of H1-0.1, and the noise changes slightly. When the driving gear mounting distance H1+0.05, the noise of the contact zone offset towards the tooth top direction has no obvious change, and when the driving gear mounting distance H1+0.1, the noise of the contact zone offset towards the tooth top but not separated from the tooth top has no obvious change.
3.2 Effect of variation of the offset (V) on the contact zone
When the gear cutting process is carried out by adopting a 2-inch cutter head, a mating machine is adopted to check a tooth surface contact area, when the axis of a driving gear is lower than the axis V1-0.05 of a driven gear, the smaller end of a concave surface of the gear contact area is contacted with the larger end of a convex surface, and the noise is slightly changed. When the axis of the driving gear is lower than the axis V1-0.1 of the driven gear, the concave surface of the gear contact area is completely contacted with the convex surface of the small end at the large end and has the tendency of being separated from the tooth top, and the noise has the obvious tendency of increasing. When the axis of the driving gear is higher than the axis V1+0.05 of the driven gear, the concave surface of the gear contact area is contacted at the convex surface of the larger end and the convex surface of the smaller end, and the noise is slightly changed. When the axis of the driving gear is higher than the axis V1+0.1 of the driven gear, the concave surface of the contact area is completely contacted with the convex surface at the large end and the small end, and the noise is obviously increased (as shown in figure 4).
When the gear cutting process is carried out by adopting a 1.5-inch cutter head, a mating machine is adopted to check a tooth surface contact area, when the axis of a driving gear is lower than the axis V1-0.05 of a big wheel, the slightly smaller end of the concave surface of the gear contact area is contacted with the slightly larger end of the convex surface, and the noise is not obviously changed. When the axis of the driving gear is lower than the axis V1-0.1 of the bull gear, the contact noise of the smaller concave end and the larger convex end of the gear contact area is slightly changed. When the axis of the driving gear is higher than the axis V1+0.05 of the driven gear, the concave surface of the gear contact area is slightly larger, the convex surface is slightly smaller, and the noise is unchanged. When the axis of the driving gear is higher than the axis V1+0.1 of the driven gear (as shown in FIG. 5), the concave surface of the contact area is slightly larger, the convex surface is slightly smaller, and the noise is slightly changed. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the V/H movement direction.
4 conclusion
According to the invention, a pair of spiral bevel gears of 32:16 is taken as an example to analyze that the set of gears is a bevel gear pair with a short tooth surface, and theoretical analysis is firstly carried out to obtain that two cutter heads can both process the set of bevel gears according with requirements and can both obtain better contact quality. However, when the mounting distance H and the offset distance V are changed, the 1.5-inch cutter head with different results obtained by the gears machined by the two cutter heads is obviously more suitable because the number of assembling assemblies in practical gear application is large, and the gear mounting distance with large measuring errors of some special-shaped parts and the assembly deviation of the offset distance V usually exceed the theoretical required value, so that the noise is poor. Therefore, when the spiral bevel gear with the short tooth surface is designed and machined, the small cutter disc is selected through calculation, the control of the gear pair contact area is facilitated, and the qualified noise is guaranteed.
The references of the present invention are as follows:
1. one works out of Zengtao, spiral bevel gear design and processing, Harbin university of Industrial Press [ M ].1989
2. Luojian work, etc. China reviews the manufacturing technology of small module spiral bevel gears [ J ] & mechanical Transmission & ISSN1004-2539/.2013, volume 37, phase 12
3. Duncao Zhongwei Bingyang new design of bevel gears scientific Press 2012.
Claims (5)
1. A short tooth surface spiral bevel gear contact area optimization method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a cutter head of the spiral bevel gear;
2) the effect of using two different sized cutterheads on the gear contact zone;
3) the comparison of two cutterheads with different sizes in actual processing, the influence of the change of the mounting distance H and the change of the offset distance V on the contact area;
4) and the conclusion is drawn that when the spiral bevel gear with the short tooth surface is designed and machined, the cutter disc with the smaller model is selected through calculation, so that the control of the contact area of the gear pair is more facilitated, and the qualified noise is ensured.
2. The method of optimizing a short flank spiral bevel gear contact area of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the tooth face width of the spiral bevel gear with the short tooth face is selected to be 6.5mm, the diameter of the large gear is 53.2mm, and according to the calculation that Rc is d2/2(sin2), the cutter radius with the closer distance is selected, and the cutter radius is 2 inches or 1.5 inches.
3. The method of optimizing a short flank spiral bevel gear contact area of claim 2, wherein: in the step 2), a 2-inch cutter head is adopted to calculate that the working surface and the non-working surface of the contact area both account for 40% -50% of the whole tooth surface; the working surface and the non-working surface of the contact area account for 30-40% of the whole tooth surface by adopting a 1.5-inch cutter head, and the two output results show that the pair of gear pairs can be processed by adopting a 2-inch cutter head or a 1.5-inch cutter head, and the difference is in the height of the contact area.
4. The method of optimizing a short flank spiral bevel gear contact area of claim 2, wherein: the influence of the change of the mounting distance H on the contact area in the step 3):
when 2-inch cutter head gear cutting processing is adopted, the noise of about 70DB is consistent with the calculation result by checking that the tooth surface contact area accounts for about 40-50% of the tooth surface by using a pairing machine, when the installation distance displacement amount of a driving gear is H1-0.05, the driving gear contact area deviates towards the tooth root direction, the noise slightly changes, and when the installation distance displacement amount of the driving gear is H1-0.1, the contact area deviates towards the tooth root direction, the noise has obvious increasing trend; when the driving gear mounting distance H1 is plus 0.05, the contact area deviates towards the tooth top direction, the noise is obviously changed, and when the driving gear mounting distance H1 is plus 0.1, the noise of the contact area which already runs out of the tooth top is changed to be as great as 80 DB;
when a 1.5-inch cutter head is adopted, the noise of the matched machine is about 70DB when the contact area of the tooth surface accounts for about 30-40% of the tooth surface, the noise is consistent with the calculation result, and when the installation distance of the driving gear is H1-0.05, the contact area of the driving gear slightly deviates towards the tooth root direction, and the noise is not obviously changed. When the driving gear installation distance is H1-0.1, the contact is deviated towards the tooth root direction, the noise is slightly changed, when the driving gear installation distance is H1+0.05, the deviation noise of the contact zone towards the tooth top direction is not obviously changed, and when the driving gear installation distance is H1+0.1, the deviation of the contact zone towards the tooth top but not separated from the tooth top noise is not obviously changed.
5. The method of optimizing a short flank spiral bevel gear contact area of claim 2, wherein: the effect of the variation of the offset (V) in said step 3) on the contact area:
when the axis of the driving gear is lower than the driven gear axis V1-0.05, the concave surface of the gear contact area is completely contacted with the big end at the small end and the convex surface of the gear contact area is separated from the tooth top, the noise has a trend of obvious increase, when the axis of the driving gear is higher than the driven gear axis V1+0.05, the concave surface of the gear contact area is contacted with the small end at the big end and the convex surface of the gear contact area is completely contacted with the small end at the big end, the noise has a trend of obvious change, when the axis of the driving gear is higher than the driven gear axis V1+0.1, the concave surface of the contact area is completely contacted with the small end at the big end and the convex surface of the gear contact area, and the noise is obviously increased;
when the axis of the driving gear is lower than a large gear axis V1-0.05, the concave surface of the gear contact area is slightly smaller than the small end and the convex surface is slightly larger than the large end, the noise is not obviously changed, when the axis of the driving gear is lower than a large gear axis V1-0.1, the concave surface of the gear contact area is slightly smaller than the large end and the convex surface is slightly larger than the small end, the noise is not changed, when the axis of the driving gear is higher than a driven gear axis V1+0.05, the concave surface of the gear contact area is slightly larger than the large end and the convex surface is slightly smaller than the small end, and when the axis of the driving gear is higher than a driven gear axis V1+0.1, the concave surface of the contact area is slightly larger than the large end and the convex surface is.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101152677A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | 彭福华 | Method for producing cutter teeth of spiral bevel gear with spherical involute profile of tooth tapered tooth |
| DE102016005210A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh | Process for tooth processing of a workpiece |
| CN109434220A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 姚显民 | A kind of arc bevel gear machining method |
| JP2020082341A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-06-04 | 重光 紀昭 | Method of cutting spiral bevel gear tooth having involute tooth profile with spherical surface |
-
2020
- 2020-07-14 CN CN202010672389.XA patent/CN111774668A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101152677A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | 彭福华 | Method for producing cutter teeth of spiral bevel gear with spherical involute profile of tooth tapered tooth |
| DE102016005210A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh | Process for tooth processing of a workpiece |
| JP2020082341A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-06-04 | 重光 紀昭 | Method of cutting spiral bevel gear tooth having involute tooth profile with spherical surface |
| CN109434220A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 姚显民 | A kind of arc bevel gear machining method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 石凤山，庄中: "弧齿锥齿轮铣齿刀盘直径对轮齿接触区的影响", 机床, no. 11, 30 November 1980 (1980-11-30), pages 19 - 22 * |
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