CN111773341A - 一种治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂 - Google Patents
一种治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂，这样制得：分别称取大樱桃叶、花椒、百部、木槿皮、硫磺、明矾和亚麻籽油；分别粉碎大樱桃叶、花椒、百部、木槿皮、硫磺和明矾，混合均匀，加入亚麻籽油，混匀，调为稠膏状，制成治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。该外用制剂采用全天然中草药制成，用于治疗仔猪疥癣病，无毒副作用，安全有效。复方配比，日间+夜间给药涂抹治疗3～5d内痊愈，总有效率达98%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中兽医医药技术领域，涉及一种治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。
背景技术
癣候记载：“癣病之状，皮肉隐胗如钱文，渐渐增长，或圆或斜，痒痛有匡郭，如里生虫，搔之有汁”。疥癣病俗称疥疤，是一种慢性皮肤寄生虫病，虫体从卵到成虫的整个发育期约10天左右，生长期较长。仔猪疥癣通常起始于头部、颊及耳部，以后蔓延到背部、躯干两侧及后肢内侧。病猪局部发痒，常以肢搔痒或靠墙角、柱栏等处摩擦。数日后，患部皮肤上出现针头大小的结节，随后形成水疱或脓疱。当水疱及脓疱破溃后，结成痂皮。病情严重时体毛脱落。皮肤的角质化程度增强，干枯，出现皱纹或龟裂，食欲减退，生长停滞，逐渐消瘦，甚至死亡。仔猪体弱，此病为接触传染，反复性比较强，因此必须采取有效的防治措施。目前，治疗仔猪疥癣病的药物及方法较多，常用速灭杀丁、敌杀死、林丹乳油、敌百虫等，或甚至有用六六粉等禁用药品治疗，但这些药物存在毒副作用大，由于仔猪的舔舐引起中毒的问题。多数西药治疗后虽能很快见效，但停药后易于复发、副作用大、难以根除。中医认为体癣为风湿邪气，客于腠理，或因接触不洁之物而发病。因此，需要制备一种疗效高，安全可靠，价格低廉，使用方便的治疗仔猪疥癣病的天然药物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种疗效高、安全可靠、价格低廉、使用方便的治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂，这样制得：
1）分别称取大樱桃叶50～60g、花椒20～30g、百部10～15g、木槿皮10～15g、硫磺10～15g、明矾4～6g和亚麻籽油80～100g；
2）将大樱桃叶、花椒、百部、木槿皮、硫磺和明矾分别粉碎成粒径小于等于90μm的粉末，混合均匀，得混合药粉；
3）混合药粉中加入亚麻籽油，调成糊状，得稠膏，制成治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。
本发明复方中草药外用制剂中各组分的药用性能：
1．大樱桃叶：清热解毒、消肿、止痛、杀菌，除疮毒。
2．花椒：杀菌、消毒、止痛、止痒、消肿。
3．百部：灭头虱、体虱，治蛲虫病，阴部骚痒。
4. 木槿皮：杀虫治癣。
5．硫磺：用于疥癣、秃疮，阴疽恶疮。
6．明矾：解毒杀虫、燥湿止痒。
7．亚麻籽油：皮肤癣、湿疹，赋形剂。
大樱桃叶为蔷薇科植物大樱桃的叶子，“甘，平，无毒”（《本草纲目》）， “味辛苦、性温、无毒，入肝、脾二经，主治温胃，健脾，止血，解毒。治胃寒食积，腹泻，吐血，疮毒”（《本草再新》）。研究发现，大樱桃叶富含抑菌性挥发油、多糖和黄酮类化合物，其提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希氏杆菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）分别为0.1056mg/mL和0.1862mg/mL，50000倍透射电镜观察大樱桃叶提取物对细菌的细胞结构有破坏作用，使细胞膜层次不清，外围有液体溢出，可观察到有缺乏任何细胞内结构的细菌碎片，其抗菌效果显著。利用大樱桃叶杀菌消炎、治疗痈疖等的功效，配以花椒、百部、硫磺、明矾、亚麻籽油等抗菌消炎作用的中草药，复方配伍用于治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。
本发明中草药复方外用制剂根据中兽医医药理论和大樱桃叶等中草药抗菌杀虫的固有属性，进行复方配伍。其中的君药为大樱桃叶，具有杀菌、除疮毒的功效；臣药为花椒、百部和木槿皮，具有清热、止痒、除虱的功效；佐药为硫磺，具有除疥癣、秃疮的功效；使药为明矾，具有解毒杀虫和燥湿止痒的功效。
本发明药物组合具有“抗菌杀虫、解毒止痒”之功效。适应于多种疥癣病的外用治疗，尤其对体癣所致的仔猪皮肤发痒、皮屑增多、发炎等症状效果更为明显。
本发明复方中草药外用制剂的用法用量：日间用棉签蘸取，外擦患处，一日数次。夜间用棉签蘸取，涂擦患处1次。
本发明复方中草药外用制剂采用全天然中草药制成，用于治疗仔猪疥癣病。无毒副作用，安全有效。复方配比，日间+夜间给药涂抹治疗3～5d内痊愈，总有效率达98%以上。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明，下面以该药物配方作用于已患疥癣病的仔猪疗效结果，说明其在中草药制药领域中的新用途，其实验方法及结果如下。
实施例1
分别称取自然干燥的大樱桃叶50g、花椒20g、百部10g、木槿皮10g、硫磺10g、明矾4g和亚麻籽油80g；将大樱桃叶、花椒、百部、木槿皮、硫磺和明矾分别粉碎成粒径小于等于90μm的粉末，混合均匀，加入亚麻籽油，调成稠膏，制成治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。
疗效对比试验：选取50只已患疥癣病的体重5kg左右的20日龄仔猪，随机分为5组，每组10只，分别用不同治疗制剂进行治疗：第1组，用本发明复方中草药外用制剂进行治疗，只在日间棉签外擦患外3次。第2组，用本发明复方中草药外用制剂进行治疗，只在夜间棉签外擦患外1次。第3组，用本发明复方中草药外用制剂进行治疗，棉签外擦患外，日间3次，夜间1次。第4组，用生药浓度为20%的大樱桃叶水煎剂外擦患外，一日3次。第5组，用自来水涂抹患处，一日3次，作为对照。结果如表1所示。
表1 本发明复方中草药外用制剂对仔猪疥癣病的疗效
由表1可知，应用本发明复方中草药外用制剂，日间和夜间均涂抹给药，治疗家仔猪疥癣病治疗效果显著，一般3～5d即可痊愈。
临床疗效：于2019年3月～2020年6月在甘肃省甘谷县旺发猪场治疗患疥癣病的仔猪100余例，用本发明复方中草药外用制剂进行仔猪疥癣病的临床治疗。单独复方配比，日间给药涂抹治疗，6～8d痊愈，总有效率达90%；复方配比，日间+夜间给药涂抹治疗，3～5d痊愈，总有效率达98%以上。综合治疗时间和成本等因素，选5d为一疗程，治疗效果最为显著。
实施例2
分别称取自然干燥的大樱桃叶55g、花椒25g、百部12g、木槿皮12g、硫磺12g、明矾5g和亚麻籽油90g；将大樱桃叶、花椒、百部、木槿皮、硫磺和明矾分别粉碎成粒径小于等于90μm的粉末，混合均匀，加入亚麻籽油，调至稠膏，制成治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。
实施例3
分别称取自然干燥的大樱桃叶60g、花椒30g、百部15g、木槿皮15g、硫磺15g、明矾6g和亚麻籽油100g；将大樱桃叶、花椒、百部、木槿皮、硫磺和明矾分别粉碎成粒径小于等于90μm的粉末，混合均匀，加入亚麻籽油，调至稠膏，制成治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。
Claims (2)
1.一种治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂，其特征在于，该复方中草药外用制剂这样制得：
1）称取大樱桃叶50～60g、花椒20～30g、百部10～15g、木槿皮10～15g、硫磺10～15g、明矾4～6g和亚麻籽油80～100g；
2）大樱桃叶、花椒、百部、木槿皮、硫磺和明矾分别粉碎，混合均匀，得混合药粉；
3）亚麻籽油加入步骤2）的混合药粉中，调为膏状，制成治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗仔猪疥癣病的复方中草药外用制剂，其特征在于，所述步骤2）中，将大樱桃叶、花椒、百部、木槿皮、硫磺和明矾分别粉碎成粒径小于等于90μm的粉末。
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