CN111769307A - Starting systems for fuel cells - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a start-up system for a fuel cell, wherein the start-up system for a fuel cell of the present invention can detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located before the fuel cell runs, and when the ambient temperature is too low, The fuel cell stack is heated so that it can start up smoothly even in a low temperature environment.

Description

Starting systems for fuel cells

technical field

The present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly to a start-up system for a fuel cell, wherein the start-up system for a fuel cell of the present invention can detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is in operation, and detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located before the operation of the fuel cell. When too low, the fuel cell (or its fuel cell stack) is heated. Accordingly, the invention further relates to a start-up method for a fuel cell.

Background technique

Fuel cells, especially proton exchange membrane fuel cells, can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy without going through a heat engine process. Therefore, they have the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, low noise, low pollution and long life, and are increasingly attracting people's attention. However, when the ambient temperature of the fuel cell (or its fuel cell stack) is low, the internal temperature of the fuel cell (or its fuel cell stack) is also low, and even freezes. When the ambient temperature is too low, when starting the fuel cell to generate electricity, it is necessary to heat the fuel cell first, so as to avoid the uneven internal temperature of the fuel cell, which may lead to poor power generation performance or unstable power output of the fuel cell, or even the fuel cell cannot Launched smoothly. In addition, when the fuel cell operates in its optimum operating temperature range, it has better power generation performance and can respond quickly to the power consumption of the load. Therefore, when the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is too low, before starting the fuel cell to generate electricity, the fuel cell is generally heated so that it can operate under better temperature conditions and improve its response to load power consumption. . Finally, the membrane components of fuel cells, especially the proton membrane of fuel cells, are prone to damage when the temperature is too high. Accordingly, the operating temperature of the fuel cell should be controlled below the temperature at which damage to the proton membrane occurs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main advantage of the present invention is that it provides a start-up system for a fuel cell, wherein the start-up system for a fuel cell of the present invention can enable the fuel cell to start up and run smoothly even in a low temperature environment.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a starting system for a fuel cell, wherein the starting system for a fuel cell of the present invention can automatically detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located and when the ambient temperature is too low before the fuel cell starts to generate electricity , the fuel cell (or its fuel cell stack) is automatically heated.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a start-up system for a fuel cell, wherein the start-up system for a fuel cell of the present invention can utilize compressed warmed air to heat the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell without carrying additional heat transfer medium.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a starting system for a fuel cell, wherein the starting system for a fuel cell of the present invention heats air as a heat transfer medium, which can be achieved by the air compressor of the fuel cell without the need for Install additional components or parts.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a starting system for a fuel cell, wherein the starting system for a fuel cell of the present invention can be used with existing fuels with only minor modifications to the existing fuel cells. Battery.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a starting system for a fuel cell, wherein the starting system for a fuel cell of the present invention does not require a complicated and sophisticated structure.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a start-up method for a fuel cell, wherein the start-up method for a fuel cell of the present invention can enable the fuel cell to start up and operate smoothly even in a low temperature environment.

Other advantages and features of the invention will be fully realized from the following detailed description and may be realized by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

According to the present invention, the start-up system for fuel cells of the present invention capable of achieving the foregoing objects and other objects and advantages includes:

a control module;

at least one ambient temperature sensor, wherein the ambient temperature sensor is configured to be energizedly connected to the control module to enable the control module to receive temperature data generated therefrom from the ambient temperature sensor, wherein the control module is configured to be capable of an ambient temperature detection instruction to control the ambient temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located;

at least one heating channel disposed between flow field plates of the fuel cell, wherein the heating channel has a first opening and a second opening;

At least one first pipeline, wherein both ends of the first pipeline are communicated with the first opening and the second opening of the heating channel, respectively, so that the first pipeline and the heating channel form a a heat exchange passage in which the heat transfer medium flows;

A fluid pump disposed in the heat exchange passage, wherein the control module is energizedly connected to the fluid pump, and the control module is configured to be able to detect an ambient temperature below a predetermined ambient temperature by the ambient temperature sensor when the fluid pump is controlled to rotate, thereby driving the first heat transfer medium to circulate and flow in the heat exchange passage; and

at least one heater electrically connected to the control module, wherein the heater has a heating chamber, wherein the heating chamber is positioned around the first conduit for transfer of a second heat flowing within the heating chamber The medium is capable of heat exchange with the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage, wherein the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is lower than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides another starting system for a fuel cell, comprising:

a control module;

at least one ambient temperature sensor, wherein the ambient temperature sensor is configured to be energizedly connected to the control module to enable the control module to receive temperature data it generates from the ambient temperature sensor, wherein the control module is configured to be able to When receiving a temperature detection instruction, control the ambient temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located;

at least one heating channel disposed between flow field plates of the fuel cell, wherein the heating channel has a first opening and a second opening;

At least one first pipeline, wherein both ends of the first pipeline are communicated with the first opening and the second opening of the heating channel, respectively, so that the first pipeline and the heating channel form a a heat exchange passage in which the heat transfer medium flows;

A fluid pump disposed in the heat exchange passage, wherein the control module is energizedly connected to the fluid pump, and the control module is configured to be able to detect an ambient temperature below a predetermined ambient temperature by the ambient temperature sensor when the fluid pump is controlled to rotate, thereby driving the first heat transfer medium to circulate and flow in the heat exchange passage; and

At least one heater electrically connected to the control module, wherein the heater is disposed in the first pipeline, wherein the control module is further configured to control the ambient temperature when the ambient temperature is lower than a predetermined ambient temperature A fluid pump rotates and controls the operation of the heater to heat the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a start-up method for a fuel cell, comprising the following steps:

(a) detecting the temperature of the environment in which the fuel cell is located; and

(b) if the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than a preset ambient temperature, driving a first heat transfer medium to flow in a first predetermined direction in a heat exchange passage, and driving a second heat transfer medium Flowing in a heating chamber in a second predetermined direction, wherein the heating chamber is disposed around the heat exchange passage, the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is lower than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides another starting method for a fuel cell, which includes the following steps:

(a) detecting the temperature of the environment in which the fuel cell is located; and

(b) if the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than a preset ambient temperature, driving a first heat transfer medium to flow in a first preset direction in a heat exchange passage, and controlling a heater to start operation, to heat the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage, wherein the heater is disposed around the heat exchange passage.

Further objects and objects of the present invention will be fully realized by an understanding of the ensuing description and drawings.

These and other objects, features and objects of the present invention are fully embodied by the following detailed description, drawings and claims.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a start-up system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a heat exchange passage of the fuel cell start-up system according to the embodiment of the present invention used in the start-up system of a fuel cell, wherein the heat exchange passage is configured to be used for heating the fuel cell.

FIG. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the above-mentioned starting system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a flowchart of the above-mentioned starting method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4B is another flowchart of the above-mentioned start-up method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows an alternative implementation of the above-described starting system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a heat exchange passage of the fuel cell start-up system according to the embodiment of the present invention used in the start-up system of the fuel cell, wherein the heat exchange passage is configured to be used for heating the fuel cell.

FIG. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of the above-mentioned starting system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an optional implementation of the above-mentioned starting method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following description serves to disclose the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments described below are given by way of example only, and other obvious modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description may be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "portrait", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inner, outer, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus the above terms should not be construed as limiting the invention.

It should be understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be one. The number may be plural, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4B of the accompanying drawings, a starting system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, wherein the starting system for a fuel cell according to the present invention includes a control module or a starting control module 10, at least one environment Temperature sensor 20, a heating channel 30, a first line 40, a fluid pump 50, and a heater 60, wherein the ambient temperature sensor 20 is provided in energizable connection with the control module 10 to enable the control The module 10 can receive the generated temperature data from the ambient temperature sensor 20, and the control module 10 is configured to control the ambient temperature sensor 20 to detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located, according to an ambient temperature detection instruction, and the heating channel 30 is arranged between the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell to heat the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell, wherein the heating channel 30 has a first opening 301 and a second opening 302, the Both ends of the first pipeline 40 are respectively communicated with the first opening 301 and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, so that the first pipeline 40 and the heating channel 30 form a space that allows a first heat transfer. a heat exchange path 300 in which a medium flows, wherein the fluid pump 50 is provided in the heat exchange path 300, the heater 60 has a heating chamber 600, wherein the heating chamber 600 is provided around the first pipeline 40, So that the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating chamber 600 can exchange heat with the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage 300 , wherein the control module 10 is further energized with the fluid pump 50 . connected, and the control module 10 is configured to control the rotation of the fluid pump 50 when the ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor 20 is lower than a preset ambient temperature, thereby driving the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage. 300 internal circulation flow. Preferably, the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is lower than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, more preferably, the fluid pump 50 is configured to be capable of driving the first heat transfer medium to flow out from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 and flow from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 . The second opening 302 flows in, and after the first pipeline 40 exchanges heat with the heater 60 and is heated, it further flows into the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 . Correspondingly, the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 forms the inlet of the first heat transfer medium of the heating channel 30 , and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 forms the first heat transfer medium of the heating channel 30 export. Optionally, the fluid pump 50 is configured to drive the first heat transfer medium to flow out from the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 and flow in from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 .

It is worth noting that the preset ambient temperature at which the start-up system for a fuel cell of the present invention is started or activated to heat the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is related to the optimum operating temperature range of the fuel cell and is affected by the fuel cell. structural impact. For example, when the fuel cell is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the preset ambient temperature may be set to 0°C, or a lower temperature, eg, -10°C. In other words, when the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than -10°C (or lower than 0°C), the start-up system for a fuel cell of the present invention is activated or activated to heat the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. However, in actual use, in order to make the fuel cell reach a higher temperature suitable for starting operation as soon as possible, the starting system for the fuel cell of the present invention is started or activated to heat the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. It is assumed that the ambient temperature can be set to a higher temperature, eg, 10°C. In other words, the start-up system for a fuel cell of the present invention is activated or activated to heat the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell when the temperature of the environment in which the fuel cell is located is lower than 10°C. Generally, the minimum temperature for normal startup of a fuel cell, especially a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, is about -10°C. Therefore, the preset ambient temperature is preferably set to -10°C. In order to enable it to start up quickly and enter a better working state, the preset ambient temperature is preferably set to 0°C. In addition, when the start-up system for a fuel cell of the present invention is started or activated to heat the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell, the fuel cell is heated by the first heat transfer medium, and thus, the first heat transfer medium has The temperature should not be too high, so as not to affect the power generation performance of the fuel cell. In actual use, the first heat transfer medium can be heated to 20°C to 110°C by the heater 60 . Further, when the fuel cell is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, the maximum temperature of the first heat transfer medium should also consider the influence on the thermal stability of the proton exchange membrane. Therefore, when the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell, especially the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, is located is lower than the preset ambient temperature, the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is preferably heated to below 100°C, so as to avoid the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell. Damaged due to sudden temperature changes. Accordingly, the temperature of the first heat transfer medium should not be greater than 100°C. More preferably, the first heat transfer medium is heated to 25°C to 90°C. Considering that the preferred operating temperature range of most proton exchange membrane fuel cells is 60°C to 80°C, correspondingly, the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is most preferably 60°C to 80°C. In addition, when the second heat transfer medium is air, the air can be compressed and heated by an air compressor. The higher the compression ratio of the air compressor, the greater the energy consumption. Therefore, when the second heat transfer medium is air, while increasing the temperature of the first heat transfer medium as much as possible, the energy consumption when the second heat transfer medium is compressed should also be considered. Finally, preferably, the melting point of the first heat transfer medium should not be greater than 0° C. to prevent the first heat transfer medium from freezing when the ambient temperature is low. Preferably, the first heat transfer medium is water, an aqueous solution or a mixture of water, or other suitable liquid substances. Optionally, the first heat transfer medium is a gaseous substance. The second heat transfer medium is a gas such as air, or other suitable substances.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, the starting system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes an air compressor or an air compressor 71 , wherein the air compressor 71 and the control module 10 can be Electrically connected, wherein the control module 10 is configured to activate compressed air when the ambient temperature is lower than a preset ambient temperature, and to supply the compressed and warmed air through a second line 72 and its air inlet 601 to the In the heater 60 , after the compressed air exchanges heat with the first heat transfer medium, the compressed air is discharged from the heating cavity 600 of the heater 60 through a discharge port 602 . In other words, the heating chamber 600 of the heater 60 has an air inlet 601 and an outlet 602 . Accordingly, the second heat transfer medium is air. In order to make the fuel cell heated to a suitable temperature as soon as possible, preferably, the flow direction of the first heat transfer medium flowing in the first pipeline 40 and the second heat flowing in the heating chamber 600 The flow direction of the transfer medium is different or opposite to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the two.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, the starting system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a hydrogen control valve for controlling the supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell and a hydrogen control valve for controlling An air control valve 90 that provides air to a fuel cell stack of a fuel cell, wherein the control module 10 is energized with the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve 90, respectively, wherein the control module 10 is configured to flow through the The temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium in the first opening 301 (which can be detected by the temperature sensor T1) and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 (which can be detected by the temperature sensor T2) When the difference is not greater than a starting temperature difference, the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve 90 are controlled to open to supply hydrogen and air to the fuel cell (the fuel cell stack). Preferably, when the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve 90 are opened to supply hydrogen and air to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell, the control module 10 controls to close the second supply of compressed air to the heater 60 Line 72. Optionally, the control module 10 is configured to be able to adjust the difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 When not greater than a start-up temperature difference, a fuel cell start-up signal is provided, so that the upper computer or the controller that controls the operation of the fuel cell can control the start-up of the fuel cell, for example, control the supply of hydrogen and fuel to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. Air. It is worth noting that the difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 reflects the fuel of the fuel cell The temperature of the battery stack is relative to the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 . Therefore, when the difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 is small, it means that the fuel cell has The temperature of the fuel cell stack is high. In practical applications, for a fuel cell stack composed of a smaller number of fuel cells, at the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 When the difference in the temperature T2 of the medium is lower than 5°C, it can be basically considered that the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has been heated to a temperature suitable for starting. For a complex fuel cell stack composed of many fuel cells, the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 When the difference is lower than a higher temperature value, for example, 15°C, it can be considered that the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has been heated to a temperature suitable for starting. Therefore, in the present invention, the start-up temperature difference is preferably 0°C to 15°C. More preferably, the start-up temperature difference of the present invention is 0°C to 5°C.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, the starting system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes an air supply line 91 for supplying air to the fuel cell, wherein the air control valve 90 The air supply line 91 is provided to control the supply of air to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. Further, the air compressor 71 is arranged to supply air to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell through the air supply line 91 . As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4B of the accompanying drawings, when the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 are When the difference is not greater than a starting temperature difference, the control module 10 controls the air compressor 71 to stop supplying or supplying compressed air to the second pipeline 72 through a control valve. At the same time, the control module 10 controls to open the air control valve 90 so that the air compressor 71 can supply air to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell through the air supply line 91 . Preferably, when the difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 is not greater than a start-up temperature difference , the control module 10 controls to stop the operation of the fluid pump 50 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, the first pipeline 40 of the fuel cell starting system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a first pipe body 41 , wherein the heater 60 is disposed in the The outer side of the first pipe body 41, so that the first pipe body 41 is disposed between the heat exchange passage 300 and the heating cavity 600 and forms heat between the first heat transfer medium and the second heat transfer medium transfer medium. Further, since the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is lower than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium, it can be considered that the second heat transfer medium heats the first heat transfer medium through the first pipe body 41 of the first pipeline 40 heat transfer medium. Preferably, the first pipe body 41 is made of a material with high heat transfer coefficient, such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum and other metals or alloy materials with high thermal conductivity. However, the first pipe body 41 can also be made of a non-metallic material with a high heat transfer coefficient. In practical applications, materials with a thermal conductivity above 115W/(m.K), such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum or their alloys, can better achieve the second heat transfer medium passing through the first pipe body 41 to the first heat transfer medium. Heating of the transfer medium.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, the heat exchange passage 300 of the starting system for the fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention may be further used as a cooling passage of the cooling system or a part thereof. Preferably, the heat exchange passage 300 of the present invention for the start-up system of a fuel cell forms one cooling branch of the cooling passage of the cooling system of the fuel cell and another cooling branch of the cooling passage of the cooling system of the fuel cell 80 is communicated with the cooling branch 80 to form a complete cooling passage. Preferably, both ends of the cooling branch 80 of the cooling passage of the cooling system of the fuel cell communicate with the cooling passage of the fuel cell and the first pipeline 40 respectively. Preferably, the radiator 73 of the cooling system of the fuel cell is provided in the cooling branch 80, so that the first heat flowing in the cooling passage of the cooling system of the fuel cell can be applied to the first heat after the normal operation of the fuel cell for a period of time. The transfer medium cools down and cools down. In other words, the first heat transfer medium can be used for both heating and cooling of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, the starting system for a fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes an air temperature detector or temperature sensor 61 disposed at the discharge port 602 of the heater 60, Wherein the air temperature sensor 61 is configured to detect the temperature of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the outlet 602 of the heater 60 , wherein the control module 10 is further configured to be able to detect the temperature of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the outlet 602 of the heater 60 , wherein the control module 10 is further configured to When the temperature of the second heat transfer medium in 602 is not less than a starting _exhaust gas temperature value T, the control valve 90 opens the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve 90 to supply hydrogen and air (or provide a fuel cell activation signal). It can be understood that the compression ratio of the air compressor 71 to air, the heat exchange efficiency between the first heat transfer medium and the air flowing in the heating chamber 600 , the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 The temperature T2 of the heater 60 determines the temperature of the second heat transfer medium at the outlet 602 of the heater 60 . Therefore, for a specific fuel cell, the compression ratio of the air compressor 71 to air determines the size of the starting exhaust gas temperature value T _row .

It is worth noting that the control module 10 is further configured to be able to adjust the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 and the temperature T1 flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 When the difference between the temperatures T2 of the first heat transfer medium is greater than a heating temperature difference, the rotation speed of the fluid pump 50 is controlled to increase, so as to improve the heating efficiency of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. The difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 is large , it means that after at least one heating cycle of the first heat transfer medium, the temperature of at least part of the internal structure of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is still low and needs to be strengthened, at least to maintain the heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell . Optionally, the heating of the fuel cell can also be enhanced by controlling and increasing the flow rate of the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating chamber 600 of the heater 60 or increasing the temperature of the second heat transfer medium . For example, the compression ratio of the compressed air is increased to achieve enhanced heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. However, the heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is enhanced by increasing the rotational speed of the fluid pump 50 and the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage 300, which is more gentle to the fuel cell stack. In particular, the proton exchange membrane is not easily damaged.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4B of the accompanying drawings, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further provides a heating device for a fuel cell, so as to heat and heat the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell when the ambient temperature is too low. The fuel cell can be started and run smoothly even in a low temperature environment, wherein the heating device for the fuel cell of the present invention comprises a control module or a start-up control module 10, at least one ambient temperature sensor 20, a heating channel 30, a first Line 40, a fluid pump 50, and a heater 60, wherein the ambient temperature sensor 20 is provided in energizable connection with the control module 10 to enable the control module 10 to receive its generation from the ambient temperature sensor 20 the temperature data, the control module 10 is configured to control the ambient temperature sensor 20 to detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located according to an ambient temperature detection instruction, and the heating channel 30 is provided in the fuel cell (or its fuel cell stack) ) between the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack to heat the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack, wherein the heating channel 30 has a first opening 301 and a second opening 302, and the two ends of the first pipeline 40 are respectively communicate with the first opening 301 and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, so that the first pipeline 40 and the heating channel 30 form a heat exchange path allowing a first heat transfer medium to flow therein 300, wherein the fluid pump 50 is disposed in the heat exchange path 300, the heater 60 has a heating chamber 600, wherein the heating chamber 600 is disposed around the first conduit 40 to allow flow within the heating chamber 600 The second heat transfer medium is capable of heat exchange with the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage 300, wherein the control module 10 is further energized with the fluid pump 50, and the control module 10 is provided When the ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor 20 is lower than a preset ambient temperature, the fluid pump 50 can be controlled to rotate, thereby driving the first heat transfer medium to circulate in the heat exchange passage 300 . Preferably, the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is lower than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, more preferably, the fluid pump 50 is configured to be capable of driving the first heat transfer medium to flow out from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 and flow from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 . The second opening 302 flows in, and after the first pipeline 40 exchanges heat with the heater 60 and is heated, it further flows out from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 . Correspondingly, the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 forms the outlet of the first heat transfer medium of the heating channel 30 , and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 forms the first heat transfer medium of the heating channel 30 entrance. Optionally, the fluid pump 50 is configured to drive the first heat transfer medium to flow out from the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 and flow in from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4B of the accompanying drawings, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further provides a heating assembly for a fuel cell, which includes a heating channel 30 , a first pipeline 40 , and a fluid pump 50 and a heater 60, wherein the heating channel 30 is provided between the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell to heat the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell, wherein the heating channel 30 has a A first opening 301 and a second opening 302, two ends of the first pipeline 40 are respectively communicated with the first opening 301 and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, so that the first pipeline 40 and the The heating channel 30 forms a heat exchange passage 300 allowing a first heat transfer medium to flow therein, wherein the fluid pump 50 is disposed in the heat exchange passage 300, and the heater 60 has a heating chamber 600 in which the heating A cavity 600 is provided around the first conduit 40 so that the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating cavity 600 can exchange heat with the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage 300, wherein the fluid A pump 50 is provided to drive the first heat transfer medium to circulate in the heat exchange passage 300 . The heating assembly for a fuel cell of the present invention further includes an exhaust pipe, wherein the exhaust pipe communicates with the exhaust port 602 of the heater 60 , so that the second heat flowing through the heating cavity 600 of the heater 60 The transfer medium (eg, air) can be vented.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4B of the accompanying drawings, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further provides a starting method for a fuel cell, which includes the following steps:

(a) detecting the temperature of the environment in which the fuel cell is located; and

(b) if the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than a preset ambient temperature, driving a first heat transfer medium to flow in a first predetermined direction in a heat exchange passage 300, and driving a second heat transfer medium The medium flows in a second predetermined direction in a heating chamber, wherein the heating chamber 600 is arranged around the heat exchange passage 300 forming a heating channel arranged between the flow field plates of the fuel cell 30, wherein the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is less than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium. Preferably, the first heat transfer medium is a liquid such as water, an aqueous solution or a mixture of water. Optionally, the first heat transfer medium is a gaseous substance. The second heat transfer medium is a gas such as air, or other suitable substances.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4B of the accompanying drawings, before the fuel cell is started to run and generate electricity, it will automatically detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located according to a self-check command or an ambient temperature detection command to prevent the fuel cell from In a low temperature environment, if the battery fails to start or is not preheated, it starts to run to generate electricity, which affects the stable power output of the fuel cell, the slow response to the power consumption of the load, and even the life of the fuel cell. If the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is detected to be lower than a preset ambient temperature, a first heat transfer medium is driven to flow in a first predetermined direction in a heat exchange passage 300, and a second heat transfer medium is driven Flow in a second predetermined direction within a heating chamber 600, wherein the heating chamber 600 is disposed around the heat exchange passage 300, the heat exchange passage 300 forming a heating channel disposed between the flow field plates of the fuel cell 30, wherein the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is less than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium. In other words, if the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than the preset ambient temperature, the start-up method for a fuel cell of the present invention will flow in the fuel through the pair of the second heat transfer medium having a higher temperature The first heat transfer medium of the heat exchange path of the cell heats so that the first heat transfer medium can heat the fuel cell.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4B of the accompanying drawings, when the fuel cell is heated for an appropriate time, the first heat transfer passing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage 300 is further detected. The temperature T1 of the medium and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, if the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increase the flow in the heat transfer medium. The flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage 300 to enhance the heating of the fuel cell. normally. When the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is large, it reflects that the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage 300 is not uniformly heated or the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is low. In order to ensure that the temperature inside the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is uniform and the temperature of the fuel cell stack is heated to an appropriate temperature, the heating of the fuel cell should be enhanced, or at least maintained. Optionally, the flow rate of the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating chamber 600 of the heater 60 can also be increased by controlling, or the temperature of the second heat transfer medium can be increased to strengthen the fuel cell. heating. For example, enhanced heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is achieved by increasing the compression ratio of the compressed air. Preferably, the present invention enhances the heating of the fuel cell by increasing the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage 300 . By controlling and increasing the rotational speed of the fluid pump 50 to increase the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage 300 , the heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is enhanced and the fuel cell stack is more gentle. In particular, the proton exchange membrane is not easily damaged. Finally, when the second heat transfer medium (air) is heated or pressurized by means of an air compressor to increase the flow rate or temperature of the second heat transfer medium, the energy consumed by the air compressor will increase significantly, while Increase the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage 300, especially when the first heat transfer medium is a liquid, for example, when the first heat transfer medium is water, an aqueous solution or a mixture of water, the fluid pump consumes The increase in energy is relatively small. Therefore, by increasing the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage 300, the enhanced heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell can be achieved, and the energy consumption can also be lower.

Therefore, preferably, the present invention is used for the starting method of a fuel cell, further comprising the following steps:

(c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage 300 and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 the temperature T2 of the medium; and

(d) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increase the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage 300 .

Optionally, the present invention is used for the starting method of a fuel cell, further comprising the following steps:

(c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage 300 and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 the temperature T2 of the medium; and

(f) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increase the flow rate of the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating chamber 600 .

Optionally, the present invention is used for the starting method of a fuel cell, further comprising the following steps:

(c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage 300 and the first heat transfer medium 302 flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 the temperature T2 of the medium; and

(g) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increase the temperature of the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating chamber 600 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4B of the accompanying drawings, when the fuel cell is heated for an appropriate time, the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage is further detected. and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, if the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is not greater than a heating temperature difference, the control stops the first heat transfer medium. Two heat transfer medium flows in the heating chamber to stop heating the fuel cell. normally. When the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is small, it reflects that the heat exchange between the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is less, and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has less heat exchange. The temperature is higher, or at least the temperature difference from the first heat transfer medium is smaller. At this time, it can be considered that the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has met the temperature requirements for starting operation and generating electricity. Preferably, the start-up temperature difference is 0°C to 15°C. More preferably, the start-up temperature difference is 0°C to 5°C.

Therefore, preferably, the present invention is used for the starting method of a fuel cell, further comprising the following steps:

(c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 the temperature T2; and

(h) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, the control stops the flow of the second heat transfer medium in the heating chamber.

Optionally, it can also be determined whether the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell can meet the temperature requirement for starting operation and generating electricity by detecting the temperature of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the discharge port of the heating chamber. For example, when the temperature T of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the discharge port of the heating chamber is not less than a starting _exhaust temperature value T, the control can stop the flow of the second heat transfer medium in the heating chamber. If the temperature T is high, it means that the heat exchange between the second heat transfer medium and the first heat transfer medium is small, and at this time, it can be considered that the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has satisfied the start-up operation. Temperature requirements for power generation.

Therefore, optionally, the present invention is used for the starting method of a fuel cell, further comprising the following steps:

(m) further detecting the temperature of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the exhaust port of the fuel cell; and

(n) If the temperature T of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the discharge port of the second heat transfer medium is not less than a starting exhaust temperature value T, then control to stop the second heat transfer medium in the heating chamber flow.

Referring to FIGS. 5 to 8 of the accompanying drawings, an alternative implementation of a starting system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, wherein the starting system for a fuel cell of the present invention includes a control module or a starting control module 10 . , at least one ambient temperature sensor 20, a heating channel 30, a first line 40, a fluid pump 50 and a heater 60A, wherein the ambient temperature sensor 20 is arranged to be energizedly connected to the control module 10, so that the control module 10 can receive the generated temperature data from the ambient temperature sensor 20, the control module 10 is configured to be able to control the ambient temperature sensor 20 to detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located according to an ambient temperature detection instruction, The heating channel 30 is provided between the flow field plates of the fuel cell (or its fuel cell stack) to heat the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell, wherein the heating channel 30 has a first opening 301 and A second opening 302, two ends of the first pipeline 40 are respectively communicated with the first opening 301 and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, so that the first pipeline 40 and the heating channel 30 are formed A heat exchange path 300 allowing a first heat transfer medium to flow therein, wherein the fluid pump 50 is provided in the heat exchange path 300, the heater 60A is provided in the first line 40, wherein the control module 10 is further configured to be able to control the rotation of the fluid pump 50 when the ambient temperature is lower than a preset ambient temperature, thereby driving the first heat transfer medium to circulate in the heat exchange passage 300, and to control the operation of the heater 60A, To heat the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage 300 . Preferably, the heater 60A is an electric heater. Accordingly, the electric heater 60A heats the first pipe body 41 of the first pipeline 40 through a heating wire or a heating plate, thereby heating the first heat transfer medium flowing in the first pipeline 40 . As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 of the accompanying drawings, more preferably, the fluid pump 50 is configured to drive the first heat transfer medium to flow out of the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 and flow from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 . The second opening 302 flows in, and after the first pipeline 40 exchanges heat with the heater 60A and is heated, it further flows out from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 . Correspondingly, the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 forms the inlet of the first heat transfer medium of the heating channel 30 , and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 forms the first heat transfer medium of the heating channel 30 export. Optionally, the fluid pump 50 is configured to drive the first heat transfer medium to flow out from the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 and flow in from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 .

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 of the accompanying drawings, an optional implementation of the start-up system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a hydrogen control valve for controlling the supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell and An air control valve 90 for controlling the supply of air to a fuel cell stack of a fuel cell, wherein the control module 10 is electrically connected to the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve 90, respectively, wherein the control module 10 is configured to enable When the difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, the control is turned on The hydrogen control valve and the air control valve 90 to supply hydrogen and air to the fuel cell (the fuel cell stack). Preferably, when the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve 90 are opened to supply hydrogen and air to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell, the control module 10 controls to close the second supply of compressed air to the heater 60A Line 72. Optionally, the control module 10 is configured to be able to adjust the difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 When not greater than a start-up temperature difference, a fuel cell start-up signal is provided, so that the upper computer or the controller that controls the operation of the fuel cell can control the start-up of the fuel cell, for example, control the supply of hydrogen and fuel to the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. Air.

It is worth noting that the difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 reflects the fuel of the fuel cell The temperature of the battery stack is relative to the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 . Therefore, when the difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 is small, it means that the fuel of the fuel cell The temperature of the battery stack is high. In practical applications, for a fuel cell stack composed of a smaller number of fuel cells, at the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 When the difference in the temperature T2 of the medium is lower than 5°C, it can be basically considered that the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has been heated to a temperature suitable for starting. In a complex fuel cell stack composed of many fuel cells, the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 and the temperature of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 can be When the difference in T2 is higher, for example, 15°C, it can be considered that the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has been heated to a temperature suitable for startup. Therefore, in the present invention, the start-up temperature difference is preferably 0°C to 15°C. More preferably, the start-up temperature difference of the present invention is 0°C to 5°C. Further, the control module 10 is configured to be able to adjust the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 and the first temperature T1 flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 When the difference in the temperature T2 of the heat transfer medium is greater than a heating temperature difference, the rotation speed of the fluid pump 50 is controlled to increase, so as to improve the heating efficiency of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. The difference between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 is large , it means that after at least one heating cycle of the first heat transfer medium, the temperature of at least part of the internal structure of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is still low and needs to be strengthened to at least maintain the heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. Optionally, the heating of the fuel cell can also be enhanced by increasing the output power of the heater 60A. However, the heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is enhanced by increasing the rotational speed of the fluid pump 50 and the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage, which is more gentle to the fuel cell stack. In particular, the proton exchange membrane is not easily damaged.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 of the accompanying drawings, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further provides a heating device for a fuel cell, so as to heat and cool the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell when the ambient temperature is too low. The fuel cell can be started and run smoothly even in a low temperature environment, wherein the heating device for the fuel cell of the present invention comprises a control module or a start-up control module 10, at least one ambient temperature sensor 20, a heating channel 30, a first Line 40, a fluid pump 50, and a heater 60A, wherein the ambient temperature sensor 20 is provided in energizable connection with the control module 10 to enable the control module 10 to receive its generation from the ambient temperature sensor 20 the temperature data, the control module 10 is configured to control the ambient temperature sensor 20 to detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located according to an ambient temperature detection instruction, and the heating channel 30 is provided in the fuel cell (or its fuel cell stack) ) between the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack to heat the flow field plates of the fuel cell stack, wherein the heating channel 30 has a first opening 301 and a second opening 302, and the two ends of the first pipeline 40 are respectively communicate with the first opening 301 and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, so that the first pipeline 40 and the heating channel 30 form a heat exchange path allowing a first heat transfer medium to flow therein 300, wherein the fluid pump 50 is arranged in the heat exchange passage 300, the heater 60A is arranged in the first pipeline 40, wherein the control module 10 is further arranged to be able to operate when the ambient temperature is lower than a preset ambient temperature , control the rotation of the fluid pump 50 to drive the first heat transfer medium to circulate in the heat exchange passage 300 , and control the operation of the heater 60A to heat the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage 300 . As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 of the accompanying drawings, more preferably, the fluid pump 50 is configured to drive the first heat transfer medium to flow out of the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 and flow out of the heating channel 30 . The second opening 302 flows in, and after the first pipeline 40 exchanges heat with the heater 60A and is heated, it further flows out from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 . Correspondingly, the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 forms the inlet of the first heat transfer medium of the heating channel 30 , and the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 forms the first heat transfer medium of the heating channel 30 export. Optionally, the fluid pump 50 is configured to drive the first heat transfer medium to flow out from the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 and flow in from the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 .

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 of the accompanying drawings, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further provides another starting method for a fuel cell, which includes the following steps:

(a) detecting the temperature of the environment in which the fuel cell is located; and

(b) if the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than a preset ambient temperature, driving a first heat transfer medium to flow in a first preset direction in a heat exchange passage, and controlling a heater to start operation, to heat the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage, wherein the heater is disposed around the heat exchange passage, wherein the heat exchange passage forms a heating channel disposed between flow field plates of the fuel cell 30. Preferably, the first heat transfer medium is a liquid substance such as water, an aqueous solution or a mixture of water.

As shown in Figures 5 to 8 of the accompanying drawings, before the fuel cell is started to run and generate electricity, it will automatically detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located according to a self-test instruction or an ambient temperature detection instruction to prevent the fuel cell from generating electricity. In a low temperature environment, if the battery fails to start or is not preheated, it starts to run to generate electricity, which affects the stable power output of the fuel cell, the slow response to the power consumption of the load, and even the life of the fuel cell. If the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is detected to be lower than a preset ambient temperature, driving a first heat transfer medium to flow in a first preset direction in a heat exchange passage, and controlling a heater to start running, so as to heating the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage, wherein the heater is disposed around the heat exchange passage, wherein the heat exchange passage forms a heating channel 30 disposed between the flow field plates of the fuel cell . In other words, if the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than the preset ambient temperature, the starting method for a fuel cell of the present invention will use a heater to pair the first heat exchange passage flowing in the fuel cell with the first The heat transfer medium heats to enable the first heat transfer medium to heat the fuel cell.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 of the accompanying drawings, when the fuel cell is heated for an appropriate time, the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage is further detected. The temperature T1 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, if the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increase the flow in the heat The flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the exchange passage is to enhance the heating of the fuel cell. normally. When the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is large, it reflects the uneven heating of the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage or the low temperature inside the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell. In order to ensure that the temperature inside the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is uniform and the temperature of the fuel cell stack is heated to an appropriate temperature, the heating of the fuel cell should be enhanced, or at least maintained. Optionally, the heating of the fuel cell can also be enhanced by increasing the output power of the heater. Preferably, the present invention enhances the heating of the fuel cell by increasing the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage. The heating of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is enhanced by controlling and increasing the rotational speed of the fluid pump 50, thereby increasing the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage, which is more gentle to the fuel cell stack. In particular, the proton exchange membrane is not easily damaged.

Therefore, preferably, the present invention is used for the starting method of a fuel cell, further comprising the following steps:

(c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 the temperature T2; and

(d) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increasing the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage.

Optionally, the present invention is used for the starting method of a fuel cell, further comprising the following steps:

(c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 the temperature T2; and

(f) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increase the output power of the heater.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 of the accompanying drawings, when the fuel cell is heated for an appropriate time, the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage is further detected. The temperature T1 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30, if the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is not greater than a heating temperature difference, the control stops the heating heater to heat the fuel cell. normally. When the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is small, it reflects that the heat exchange between the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell is less, and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has less heat exchange. The temperature is higher, or at least the temperature difference from the first heat transfer medium is smaller. At this time, it can be considered that the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell has met the temperature requirements for starting operation and generating electricity. Preferably, the start-up temperature difference is 0°C to 15°C. More preferably, the start-up temperature difference is 0°C to 5°C.

Therefore, preferably, the present invention is used for the starting method of a fuel cell, further comprising the following steps:

(c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening 301 of the heating channel 30 of the heat exchange passage and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening 302 of the heating channel 30 the temperature T2; and

(h) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, the control stops heating the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage by the heater.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention shown in the above description and the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention.

The objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention may be modified or modified in any way without departing from the principles.

Claims (32)

1. A starting system for a fuel cell, comprising: a control module; at least one ambient temperature sensor, wherein the ambient temperature sensor is configured to be energizedly connected to the control module to enable the control module to receive temperature data generated therefrom from the ambient temperature sensor, wherein the control module is configured to be capable of an ambient temperature detection instruction to control the ambient temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located; at least one heating channel disposed between flow field plates of the fuel cell, wherein the heating channel has a first opening and a second opening; At least one first pipeline, wherein both ends of the first pipeline are communicated with the first opening and the second opening of the heating channel, respectively, so that the first pipeline and the heating channel form a a heat exchange passage in which the heat transfer medium flows; A fluid pump disposed in the heat exchange passage, wherein the control module is energizedly connected to the fluid pump, and the control module is configured to be able to detect an ambient temperature below a predetermined ambient temperature by the ambient temperature sensor when the fluid pump is controlled to rotate, thereby driving the first heat transfer medium to circulate and flow in the heat exchange passage; and At least one heater, wherein the heater has a heating chamber, wherein the heating chamber is positioned around the first conduit so that the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating chamber can interact with the heating chamber flowing in the heat exchange path The first heat transfer medium undergoes heat exchange, wherein the temperature of the first heat transfer medium is lower than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium. 2 . The starting system of claim 1 , wherein the melting point of the first heat transfer medium is not greater than 0° C., and the second heat transfer medium is air. 3 . 3. The starting system according to claim 1, wherein the control module is configured to be able to adjust the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening and the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening When the difference in temperature T2 of the heat transfer medium is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, a fuel cell start-up signal is provided. 4 . The starting system of claim 2 , wherein the control module is configured so that the temperature of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the discharge port of the heater of the fuel cell is not less than a starting exhaust gas. 5 . A fuel cell start signal is provided when _the temperature value is T. 5. The starting system of claim 1, wherein the first heat transfer medium and the second heat transfer medium flow in opposite directions. 6. The starting system of claim 4, wherein the first heat transfer medium and the second heat transfer medium flow in opposite directions. 7 . The starting system of claim 2 , further comprising an air compressor electrically connected to the control module, wherein the control module is electrically connected to the air compressor, and the control module is electrically connected to the air compressor. 8 . The control module is configured to control the air compressor to compress air when the ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor is lower than the preset ambient temperature, and supply compressed and heated air to the heating chamber through a second pipeline. 8 . The starting system of claim 6 , further comprising an air compressor electrically connected to the control module, wherein the control module is electrically connected to the air compressor, and the control module is electrically connected to the air compressor. 9 . The control module is configured to control the air compressor to compress air when the ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor is lower than the preset ambient temperature, and supply compressed and heated air to the heating chamber through a second pipeline. 9. The starting system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the control module is configured to be able to flow through the first heat transfer medium through the first opening When the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening is greater than a heating temperature difference, the control increases the rotational speed of the fluid pump. 10. The starting system of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the control module is configured to be able to flow through the first heat transfer medium through the first opening When the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening is greater than a heating temperature difference, the control increases the flow of the second heat transfer medium in the heating cavity of the heater. flow rate. 11. The starting system of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, further comprising a hydrogen control valve for controlling the supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell and a hydrogen control valve for an air control valve that controls the supply of air to the fuel cell, wherein the control module is galvanically connected to the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve, wherein the control module is configured to be able to flow through the first opening at the first When the difference between the temperature T1 of the heat transfer medium and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve are opened to supply the fuel to the fuel. The battery supplies hydrogen and air. 12 . The starting system according to claim 11 , wherein the magnitude of the starting temperature difference is 0° C.˜15° C. 13 . 13. The starting system of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, further comprising a hydrogen control valve for controlling the supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell and a hydrogen control valve for An air control valve that controls the supply of air to the fuel cell, wherein the control module is galvanically connected to the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve, wherein the control module is configured to flow through the heater of the fuel cell When the temperature of the second heat transfer medium at the discharge port is not less than a starting _exhaust temperature value T, the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve are opened to supply hydrogen and air to the fuel cell. 14. A starting method for a fuel cell, comprising the steps of: (a) detecting the temperature of the environment in which the fuel cell is located; and (b) if the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than a preset ambient temperature, driving a first heat transfer medium to flow in a first predetermined direction in a heat exchange passage, and driving a second heat transfer medium Flow in a second predetermined direction within a heating chamber, wherein the heating chamber is disposed around the heat exchange passage, the heat exchange passage forming a heating channel disposed between the flow field plates of the fuel cell, wherein the first The temperature of one heat transfer medium is less than the temperature of the second heat transfer medium. 15. The startup method according to claim 14, further comprising the steps of: (c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening of the heating channel of the heat exchange passage and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening of the heating channel; and (d) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increasing the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage. 16. The startup method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: (c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening of the heating channel of the heat exchange passage and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening of the heating channel; and (f) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increasing the flow rate of the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating chamber. 17. The startup method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: (c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening of the heating channel of the heat exchange passage and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening of the heating channel; and (g) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increasing the temperature of the second heat transfer medium flowing in the heating chamber. 18. The startup method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: (c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening of the heating channel of the heat exchange passage and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening of the heating channel; and (h) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, the control stops the flow of the second heat transfer medium in the heating chamber and supplies hydrogen and air to the fuel cell. 19. The startup method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: (m) further detecting the temperature of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the discharge port of the heater of the fuel cell; and (n) If the temperature T of the second heat transfer medium flowing through the discharge port of the second heat transfer medium is not less than a starting _exhaust temperature value T, then control to stop the second heat transfer medium in the heating chamber flow and supply hydrogen and air to the fuel cell. 20. The starting method according to claim 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19, wherein the melting point of the first heat transfer medium is not greater than 0°C, and the second heat transfer medium is air. 21. A starting system for a fuel cell, comprising: a control module; at least one ambient temperature sensor, wherein the ambient temperature sensor is configured to be energizedly connected to the control module to enable the control module to receive temperature data it generates from the ambient temperature sensor, wherein the control module is configured to be able to When receiving a temperature detection instruction, control the ambient temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located; at least one heating channel disposed between flow field plates of the fuel cell, wherein the heating channel has a first opening and a second opening; At least one first pipeline, wherein both ends of the first pipeline are communicated with the first opening and the second opening of the heating channel, respectively, so that the first pipeline and the heating channel form a a heat exchange passage in which the heat transfer medium flows; A fluid pump disposed in the heat exchange passage, wherein the control module is energizedly connected to the fluid pump, and the control module is configured to be able to detect an ambient temperature below a predetermined ambient temperature by the ambient temperature sensor when the fluid pump is controlled to rotate, thereby driving the first heat transfer medium to circulate and flow in the heat exchange passage; and At least one heater electrically connected to the control module, wherein the heater is disposed in the first pipeline, wherein the control module is further configured to control the ambient temperature when the ambient temperature is lower than a predetermined ambient temperature A fluid pump rotates and controls the operation of the heater to heat the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage. 22. The starting system of claim 21, wherein the melting point of the first heat transfer medium is not greater than 0°C. 23. The starting system of claim 21, wherein the control module is configured to be able to adjust the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening and the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening When the difference in the temperature T2 of the heat transfer medium is greater than a heating temperature difference, the rotation speed of the fluid pump is controlled to increase. 24. The starting system of claim 21, wherein the control module is configured to be able to adjust the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening and the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening When the difference in temperature T2 of the heat transfer medium is greater than a heating temperature difference, the control increases the output power of the heater. 25. The starting system of claim 21, wherein the control module is configured to be able to adjust the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening and the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening When the difference in temperature T2 of the heat transfer medium is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, a fuel cell start-up signal is provided. 26. The starting system of claim 21, further comprising a hydrogen control valve for controlling the supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell and an air control valve for controlling the supply of air to the fuel cell, wherein the A control module is galvanically connected to the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve, wherein the control module is configured to be able to operate between the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening and the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening. When the difference in temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, the hydrogen control valve and the air control valve are opened to supply hydrogen and air to the fuel cell. 27. The starting system according to claim 26, wherein the magnitude of the starting temperature difference is 0°C to 15°C. 28. A starting method for a fuel cell, comprising the steps of: (a) detecting the temperature of the environment in which the fuel cell is located; and (b) if the temperature of the environment where the fuel cell is located is lower than a preset ambient temperature, driving a first heat transfer medium to flow in a first preset direction in a heat exchange passage, and controlling a heater to start operation, to heat the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage, wherein the heater is disposed around the heat exchange passage, wherein the heat exchange passage forms a heating channel disposed between flow field plates of the fuel cell . 29. The startup method according to claim 28, further comprising the steps of: (c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening of the heating channel of the heat exchange passage and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening of the heating channel; and (d) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increasing the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium flowing in the heat exchange passage. 30. The startup method of claim 28, further comprising the steps of: (c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening of the heating channel of the heat exchange passage and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening of the heating channel; and (f) If the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is greater than a heating temperature difference, increase the output power of the heater. 31. The startup method of claim 28, further comprising the steps of: (c) further detecting the temperature T1 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the first opening of the heating channel of the heat exchange passage and the temperature T2 of the first heat transfer medium flowing through the second opening of the heating channel; and (h) if the difference between the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 is not greater than a start-up temperature difference, controlling the heater to stop heating the first heat transfer medium in the heat exchange passage and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell and air. 32. The starting method according to claim 28, 29, 30 or 31, wherein the melting point of the first heat transfer medium is not greater than 0°C.

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