CN111769193A - A kind of nanocomposite material and its preparation method, use method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application disclose a nanocomposite material and a preparation method, use method and device thereof, and the nanocomposite material is characterized in that it comprises cross-linked first nanoparticle and second nanoparticle; the first nanoparticle It is a transition metal nanoparticle, and the second nanoparticle is one or a combination of the following materials: lithium nitride nanoparticle, lithium oxide nanoparticle, lithium phosphide nanoparticle, lithium selenide nanoparticle and lithium sulfide nanoparticle particles. The nanocomposite material can perform magnetic regulation at low voltage, and realize high-speed and high-density electron spin information storage.

Description

A kind of nanocomposite material and its preparation method, use method and device

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a nanocomposite material and its preparation method, use method and device.

Background technique

Electric field regulation of magnetism refers to the use of electric field to control the magnetic properties of materials, and the use of electric field instead of magnetic field or current to control magnetism to realize reading and writing of information storage, which can effectively meet the requirements of new information storage devices in high density, high speed, low power consumption, non- The requirements for volatilization and other aspects are getting higher and higher. In the prior art, the use of electric field to control the magnetism mainly includes the following methods: in a ferromagnetic film/insulating layer structure similar to a field effect transistor, a strong electric field is used to control the enrichment or dissipation of magnetically related carriers in the magnetic film, Realize the regulation of the magnetic field by the electric field; in the composite structure composed of piezoelectric effect materials and magnetostrictive effect materials, the regulation of the magnetic field by the electric field is realized through the stress interaction at the interface of the two; in the single-phase multiferroic material/ In the ferromagnetic thin film structure, the magnetoelectric coupling of ferroelectricity and antiferromagnetism in multiferroic materials and the exchange bias effect of antiferromagnetism and ferromagnetic thin films in multiferroic materials at the interface are used to achieve the purpose of electric field regulation of magnetic properties.

However, the above electric field regulation of magnetism usually needs to be carried out at lower temperature or higher voltage, and the corresponding device fabrication cost is relatively high, which seriously limits the application of electric field regulation in practical production and life.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present application provide a nanocomposite material, a preparation method, a use method and a device thereof, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, the electric field regulation of magnetism usually needs to be performed at a lower temperature or a higher voltage, and the corresponding device The preparation cost is high.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a nanocomposite material, comprising a first nanoparticle and a second nanoparticle combined by cross-linking;

The first nanoparticles are transition metal nanoparticles, and the second nanoparticles are one or a combination of the following materials:

Lithium nitride nanoparticles, lithium oxide nanoparticles, lithium phosphide nanoparticles, lithium selenide nanoparticles, and lithium sulfide nanoparticles.

Preferably, the transition metal in the transition metal nanoparticles is one or a combination of the following elements:

Iron, cobalt, nickel and gadolinium.

In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a nanocomposite material, the method comprising:

Preparation of a transition metal compound, the transition metal compound being one or a combination of the following materials: transition metal oxide, transition metal nitride, transition metal phosphide, transition metal selenide, and transition metal sulfide;

The transition metal compound is reduced by lithium ion discharge to obtain the nanocomposite material according to any one of the first aspects.

Preferably, the transition metal compound is reduced by lithium ion discharge, and the nanocomposite material described in any one of the first aspect is specifically:

The transition metal compound is used as the first electrode of the lithium ion battery, and the metal lithium or lithium source compound is used as the second electrode of the lithium ion battery;

The lithium ion battery is discharged, and the transition metal compound is reduced to the nanocomposite material according to the first aspect above by the lithium ion discharge.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for using the nanocomposite material according to any one of the first aspects, wherein the method includes:

The nanocomposite material is used for magnetic regulation.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spin capacitor, the spin capacitor includes a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode is the nanocomposite material according to any one of the first aspect, so the spin capacitor includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The second electrode is metal lithium or a lithium source compound.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for using the spin capacitor according to the fourth aspect, wherein the method includes:

Spin information storage is performed using the spin capacitance.

Preferably, the use of the spin capacitor to store spin information is specifically:

The spin capacitor is placed in a constant magnetic field, and the spin capacitor is charged and discharged within a range smaller than the oxidation voltage of the transition metal, thereby realizing spin information storage.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a memory, which adopts the nanocomposite material described in any one of the first aspect, and realizes information storage by adjusting the magnetic properties of the nanocomposite material.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sensor, which adopts the nanocomposite material described in any one of the first aspect, and realizes sensing through magnetic changes of the nanocomposite material.

Using the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application to perform magnetic regulation at least has the following advantages:

1. Magnetic regulation can be performed at low voltage to achieve high-speed and high-density electron spin information storage;

2. Nanocomposite materials are prepared by chemical methods, and the specific surface area is large;

3. The preparation method has the advantages of simple steps, low cost, low energy consumption, high efficiency and easy implementation.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. In other words, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a high-resolution transmission microscope image of the Fe/Li ₂ O nanocomposite material provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a preparation method of a nanocomposite material provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lithium ion battery provided by an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram of magnetization curves of a spin capacitor under different voltages according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reversible cyclic change of saturation magnetization with voltage according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide a nanocomposite material that can perform magnetic regulation in a milder environment, the nanocomposite material including cross-linked first nanoparticles and second nanoparticles ;

The first nanoparticles are transition metal nanoparticles, and the second nanoparticles are one or a combination of the following materials: lithium nitride nanoparticles, lithium oxide nanoparticles, lithium phosphide nanoparticles, lithium selenide Nanoparticles and Lithium Sulfide Nanoparticles. For example, the second nanoparticles are lithium oxide nanoparticles, or a combination of lithium nitride nanoparticles and lithium oxide nanoparticles. In order to save space, an exhaustive description is not provided here.

In an optional embodiment, the transition metal in the transition metal nanoparticles is one or a combination of the following elements: iron, cobalt, nickel and gadolinium. For example, the transition group metal may be iron, or a combination of iron and cobalt, which will not be described here exhaustively in order to save space.

It should be pointed out that the above transition group metals are only several possible implementations listed in this application, and should not be taken as a limitation of the protection scope of this application.

In an optional embodiment, the nanocomposite material may be a Fe/Li ₂ O nanocomposite material, and FIG. 1 is a high-resolution transmission microscope image of the Fe/Li ₂ O nanocomposite material provided in the embodiment of the present application.

In addition to Fe/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials, the nanocomposite materials provided in the embodiments of the present application may also be Co/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials, Ni/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials, Ga/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials, Fe/ _Li3N nanocomposite, Co/Li3N nanocomposite, Ni/ _Li3N nanocomposite, Ga/ _Li3P nanocomposite, Fe/ _Li3P nanocomposite, Co _{/ Li3P} Nanocomposite, Ni/ _Li3P Nanocomposite, Ga/ _Li3P Nanocomposite, Fe/ _Li2Se Nanocomposite, Co/ _Li2Se Nanocomposite, Ni/ _Li2Se Nanocomposite, Ga / _Li2Se nanocomposite, Fe/ _Li2S nanocomposite, Co/ _Li2S nanocomposite, Ni/ _Li2S nanocomposite, Ga/ _Li2S nanocomposite.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a nanocomposite material provided in an embodiment of the present application, which is used to prepare the nanocomposite material described in FIG. 1 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the method mainly includes the following steps.

Step S201 : preparing a transition metal compound.

Corresponding to the second nanoparticles in the nanocomposite materials of the above embodiments, the transition metal compound prepared in the embodiments of the present application may be one or a combination of the following materials: transition metal oxide, transition metal nitrogen compounds, transition metal phosphides, transition metal selenides, and transition metal sulfides.

For example, when the transition metal compound is a transition metal oxide, the second nanoparticles in the final prepared nanocomposite are lithium oxide nanoparticles; when the transition metal compound is a transition metal nitride, the final prepared nanoparticle The second nanoparticles in the composite material are lithium nitride nanoparticles. Of course, the transition metal compound may also be a combination of transition metal oxide and transition metal nitride.

In addition, the transition metal in the transition metal nanoparticles is one or a combination of the following elements: iron, cobalt, nickel and gadolinium.

Taking Fe ₃ O ₄ as an example, the preparation method of the transition metal compound is described in detail.

Mix 40 mL of an aqueous solution of 2 mmol of ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl ₃ ·6H ₂ O), 8 mmol of sodium citrate (Na ₃ C ₆ H ₅ O ₇ ·2H ₂ O), 6 mmol of urea (CH ₄ N ₂ O) and certain amount of sodium polyacrylate. After 2 hours with vigorous stirring, the mixture was transferred to a 60 mL sealed Teflon lined autoclave. The autoclave was heated in an oven at 200°C for 6 hours and then cooled to room temperature. The collected precipitate was centrifuged (8,000 rpm, 5 min), washed with distilled water and ethanol repeatedly, and dried to obtain Fe ₃ O ₄ nanomaterials.

Step S202 : reducing the transition metal compound through lithium ion discharge to obtain a nanocomposite material.

Also taking Fe ₃ O ₄ as an example, Fe ₃ O ₄ prepared in the above steps is reduced by lithium ion discharge to obtain Fe/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials.

In a specific implementation manner, Fe ₃ O ₄ nanomaterials are assembled into lithium ion batteries for discharge reduction to obtain Fe/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lithium ion battery provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the lithium ion battery includes a first electrode 301 , a second electrode 302 and a separator 303 , wherein the first electrode 301 is Fe ₃ O ₄ nanomaterials, and the second electrode 302 is metal lithium or a lithium source compound. When the lithium ion battery is discharged, the Fe ₃ O ₄ nanomaterial is reduced by lithium ions to Fe/Li ₂ O nanocomposite material, as shown in the enlarged view of the first electrode 301 in FIG. 3 . The discharge degree of the lithium ion battery affects the reduction degree of Fe ₃ O ₄ nanomaterials. For example, the lithium ion battery can be discharged to 0.1v, 0.01v, 0v, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. Of course, it is preferable to discharge the above-mentioned lithium ion battery to 0V so that the electrode material is sufficiently reacted.

In addition to preparing Fe/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials, correspondingly, Co/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials, Ni/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials, Ga/Li ₂ O nanocomposite materials, Fe/Li 2 O nanocomposite materials, and Fe/Li 2 O nanocomposite materials can also be prepared by the above method. _Li3N nanocomposite, Co/ _Li3N nanocomposite, Ni/ _Li3N nanocomposite, Ga/ _Li3P nanocomposite, Fe/ _Li3P nanocomposite, Co/ _Li3P nanocomposite Materials, Ni/ _Li3P Nanocomposite, Ga/ _Li3P Nanocomposite, Fe/ _Li2Se Nanocomposite, Co/ _Li2Se Nanocomposite, Ni/ _Li2Se Nanocomposite, Ga/Li _2Se nanocomposite, Fe/ _Li2S nanocomposite, Co/ _Li2S nanocomposite, Ni/ _Li2S nanocomposite, Ga/ _Li2S nanocomposite.

Based on the above embodiment, after the lithium-ion battery shown in FIG. 3 is discharged, the spin capacitance is obtained. Specifically, the spin capacitor includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is the nanocomposite material involved in the above embodiment, and the second electrode is metal lithium or a lithium source compound. The lithium source compound is lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickelate, and the like.

The above spin capacitors were placed in a constant magnetic field of 50000Oe, and in the voltage range of 0-1V, the change of saturation magnetization with voltage was tested while cyclic charge and discharge were performed. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of magnetization curves of a spin capacitor provided by the embodiment of the present application under different voltages. As shown in FIG. 4 , in the spin capacitor provided by the embodiment of the present application, a voltage of 1 volt leads to a high change in the saturation magnetization. Up to 16 emu/g, the reversible cycling variation of saturation magnetization with voltage is shown in Fig. 5.

Therefore, the nanocomposite materials provided in the embodiments of the present application can perform magnetic regulation under low voltage.

In a possible application scenario, the embodiment of the present application performs spin information storage through spin capacitance. Specifically, the spin capacitor is placed in a constant magnetic field, and the spin capacitor is charged and discharged within a range less than the oxidation voltage of the transition metal, so as to realize spin information storage. The spin capacitor can perform high-speed, high-density electron spin information storage at low voltage.

In a possible application scenario, the nanocomposite material provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to a memory, and information storage is realized by adjusting the magnetic properties of the nanocomposite material.

In a possible application scenario, the nanocomposite material provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to a sensor, and sensing is realized through the magnetic change of the nanocomposite material. Since the nanocomposite materials provided in the embodiments of the present application can achieve large magnetic changes at low voltages, it has a good effect when applied to sensors.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply these There is no such actual relationship or sequence between entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

It is sufficient to refer to each other for the same and similar parts among the various embodiments in this specification. In particular, for the terminal embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for related parts, please refer to the description in the method embodiment.

The above-described embodiments of the present application do not limit the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. a nano-composite material, is characterized in that, comprises the first nano-particle and the second nano-particle of cross-linking combination; The first nanoparticles are transition metal nanoparticles, and the second nanoparticles are one or a combination of the following materials: Lithium nitride nanoparticles, lithium oxide nanoparticles, lithium phosphide nanoparticles, lithium selenide nanoparticles, and lithium sulfide nanoparticles. 2. The nanocomposite material according to claim 1, wherein the transition metal in the transition metal nanoparticles is one of the following elements or a combination thereof: Iron, cobalt, nickel and gadolinium. 3. a preparation method of nanocomposite material, is characterized in that, described method comprises: Preparation of a transition metal compound, the transition metal compound being one or a combination of the following materials: transition metal oxide, transition metal nitride, transition metal phosphide, transition metal selenide, and transition metal sulfide; The transition metal compound is reduced by lithium ion discharge to obtain the nanocomposite material of claim 1 . 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the reduction of the transition metal compound by lithium ion discharge, to obtain the nanocomposite material according to claim 1, is specifically: The transition metal compound is used as the first electrode of the lithium ion battery, and the metal lithium or lithium source compound is used as the second electrode of the lithium ion battery; The lithium ion battery is discharged, and the transition metal compound is reduced to the nanocomposite material of claim 1 by the lithium ion discharge. 5. A method of using a nanocomposite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises: The nanocomposite material is used for magnetic regulation. 6. A spin capacitor, wherein the spin capacitor comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is the nanocomposite material of claim 1, and the second electrode is lithium metal or lithium source compounds. 7. A method of using a spin capacitor according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises: Spin information storage is performed using the spin capacitance. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the storing of spin information by using the spin capacitor is specifically: The spin capacitor is placed in a constant magnetic field, and the spin capacitor is charged and discharged within a range smaller than the oxidation voltage of the transition metal, thereby realizing spin information storage. 9 . A memory, characterized in that, by using the nanocomposite material according to claim 1 , information storage is realized by adjusting the magnetic properties of the nanocomposite material. 10 . A sensor, characterized in that, using the nanocomposite material according to claim 1 , sensing is realized through the magnetic change of the nanocomposite material.

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