CN111766571A - Outdoor calibration method for infrared range finder - Google Patents
Outdoor calibration method for infrared range finder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766571A CN111766571A CN202010666849.8A CN202010666849A CN111766571A CN 111766571 A CN111766571 A CN 111766571A CN 202010666849 A CN202010666849 A CN 202010666849A CN 111766571 A CN111766571 A CN 111766571A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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Abstract
The invention discloses an outdoor calibration method for an infrared distance meter, and relates to the technical field of distance meter calibration. The main technical scheme of the invention is as follows: selecting a preset calibration field, and determining an initial point and a measurement direction; placing a laser ranging sensor at an initial point, determining a baseline along a measuring direction by matching with a reflecting plate, and setting a first base point which is a preset distance away from the initial point on the baseline; measuring and extending a base line along the measuring direction by using a theodolite and a benchmarking instrument, setting a second base point-an Nth base point at intervals of a part where the base line extends, wherein the distance between two adjacent base points is less than or equal to the measuring limit of a laser distance measuring sensor; placing a measured infrared distance meter at an initial point, setting a measuring point on a baseline along a measuring direction, measuring the distance L of the measuring point by using the measured infrared distance meter, and measuring the distance L' from the measuring point to the initial point based on a first base point-an Nth base point by using a laser distance measuring sensor; and obtaining an error value delta L of the infrared distance meter to be measured by subtracting the distance L from the distance L'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distance meter calibration, in particular to an outdoor calibration method for an infrared distance meter.
Background
The infrared distance measuring instrument is a portable measuring instrument which takes laser as a carrier wave and diffuse reflection measurement of the surface of a target as a characteristic and measures the short-range distance of space by methods such as a pulse method, a phase method and the like, the measuring range is generally 1km-5km, and the infrared distance measuring instrument is mainly used for the fields of industrial measurement and control, mines, ports, military affairs and the like.
At present, the infrared distance measuring instrument needs to perform indication error detection by using a standard steel tape device (within 50 m) or a standard length baseline device (50 m-200 m) under laboratory conditions, but a standard steel tape detection platform of 50m and a standard length standard general provincial metering technical mechanism do not exist, the traceability can be completed by using a national-level metering technical mechanism which needs to be checked, in addition, an effective method for calibrating the indication error is not available at the moment of more than 200m, and particularly, a field calibration method is lacked.
The above technical problem needs to be further solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an outdoor calibration method for an infrared range finder, so as to solve the above technical problems.
The invention provides an outdoor calibration method for an infrared distance meter, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a preset calibration field, and determining an initial point and a measurement direction;
placing a laser ranging sensor at the initial point, determining a base line along the measuring direction by matching with a reflecting plate, and setting a first base point which is a preset distance away from the initial point on the base line;
measuring and extending the base line along the measuring direction by using a theodolite and a benchmarking instrument, and setting a second base point-an Nth base point at intervals of the extended part of the base line, wherein the distance between two adjacent base points is less than or equal to the measuring limit of the laser distance measuring sensor;
placing a measured infrared distance meter at the initial point, setting a measuring point on the base line along the measuring direction, measuring the distance L of the measuring point by using the measured infrared distance meter, and measuring the measurement by using a laser distance measuring sensor based on the first base point-the Nth base pointDistance L of point from the initial point’；
The distance L is connected with the distance L’Obtaining an error value delta L of the infrared distance meter to be measured by difference;
and N is a positive integer greater than 2, and the measurement precision of the laser ranging sensor is higher than that of the measured infrared range finder.
The object of the present invention and the technical problems solved thereby can be further achieved by the following technical measures.
Specifically, the preset calibration site is a wide and unshielded open field or a straight road.
Specifically, the distance from the first base point to the initial point is equal to the limit value measured by the laser ranging sensor.
Specifically, the measurement uncertainty ratio of the laser ranging sensor to the infrared range finder to be measured is less than or equal to 1/3.
Specifically, the actual measuring range of the infrared distance meter to be measured is divided into a plurality of parts averagely, the laser distance measuring sensor takes the initial point as a starting point, a plurality of measuring points are set on the base line according to the distance of each part, and the distance L of each measuring point from the initial point is recorded’ i；
Measuring the distance L of each measuring point by using the measured infrared distance meteriThen using the formula Δ Li＝Li-L’ iAnd calculating an error value of each measuring point, and selecting the largest error value delta L as the measured infrared distance meter.
Specifically, the actual measuring range of the infrared distance meter to be measured is divided into 5 parts on average.
Specifically, the measurement point is set at a position on the base line which is more than 70 meters from the initial point;
using the front reference surface of the infrared distance meter to be measured as a measurement reference surface, measuring the distance from the measurement point for M times in a single measurement mode, and averaging to obtain a measurement value
Using different reference surfaces of the infrared distance meter to be measured to replace the front reference surface in sequence as a measuring reference surface, measuring the distance from the measuring point for M times according to a single measuring mode, and averaging to obtain a measured value
According to the formula
Selecting the maximum difference value between the measured values of the measuring reference surfaces as a calibration result;
wherein M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.
Specifically, the value of M is 5 or 10.
Specifically, the measurement point is set at a position on the base line which is more than 70 meters from the initial point; repeatedly measuring n times by using the measured infrared distance meter, and reading the distance L of single measurementiAccording to the formula
Obtaining the repeatability S of the measured infrared distance metern；
Wherein, the
Is the arithmetic mean value of n times of measurement, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.
Specifically, the measured infrared distance meter repeatedly measures for more than or equal to 10 times.
By the technical scheme, the outdoor calibration method of the infrared distance meter at least has the following advantages:
the outdoor calibration method for the infrared distance meter, provided by the embodiment of the invention, can be used for calibrating the infrared distance meter to be measured outdoors without calibration under laboratory conditions or by using a standard optical tape device, and further without sending the infrared distance meter to be measured to a provincial or national metering technical mechanism for calibration. The user of being convenient for calibrates by oneself, saves calibration time, can also calibrate the infrared distance meter of various ranges simultaneously, and application scope is wide.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an outdoor calibration method for an infrared distance meter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be given to the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the outdoor calibration method for an infrared distance meter according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides an outdoor calibration method for an infrared distance meter, which comprises the following steps of:
101. and selecting a preset calibration field, and determining an initial point and a measurement direction.
Specifically, because infrared distance meter calculates and obtains the distance through the infrared ray of launching the infrared ray and detecting and receiving the infrared ray that reflects back, so need be in the open field or the public road that can be convenient for infrared distance meter operation when the calibration infrared distance meter, and the preferred open field or the straight line highway that open and do not have the shelter from as presetting the calibration place. The initial point can be selected at one end of a road or any position of an open field, the measuring direction can be selected according to the actual situation of the field, and the measuring direction can be in a non-shielding state.
102. And arranging a laser ranging sensor at the initial point, determining a base line along the measuring direction by matching with the reflecting plate, and setting a first base point which is a preset distance away from the initial point on the base line.
103. And measuring and extending the base line along the measuring direction by using a theodolite and a sighting rod instrument, setting a second base point-Nth base point at the interval of the extended part of the base line, wherein the distance between two adjacent base points is less than or equal to the measuring limit of the laser distance measuring sensor.
Specifically, the working principle of the laser ranging sensor is as follows: the laser diode is aimed at a target to emit laser pulses, the laser pulses are scattered in all directions after being reflected by the target, part of scattered light returns to the sensor receiver and is imaged on the avalanche photodiode after being received by the optical system, and the avalanche photodiode is an optical sensor with an amplification function inside, so that the avalanche photodiode can detect extremely weak optical signals, record and process the time from the emission of the optical pulses to the return of the optical pulses to be received, and measure the distance of the target.
In the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the measurement accuracy of the used laser ranging sensor needs to be higher than that of the measured infrared range finder, and the measurement uncertainty ratio of the laser ranging sensor and the measured infrared range finder is preferably less than or equal to 1/3, that is, the accuracy of the laser ranging sensor needs to be more than or equal to 3 times of that of the measured infrared range finder, so as to ensure the accuracy of calibration.
In step 102, a base line of a straight line state is first set in the measuring range of the laser distance measuring sensor by cooperating with the reflection plate, wherein the distance from the initial point to the first base point may be equal to the measuring limit value of the laser distance measuring sensor. And further, by using the theodolite and the benchmarking instrument, in a state of keeping the baseline straight line, extending towards the measuring direction, namely continuing to extend from the initial point to the first base point until the obtained extended baseline can meet the calibration requirement of the infrared distance meter to be measured, namely the length of the extended baseline is larger than the measuring range of the infrared distance meter to be measured.
It should be noted that although the theodolite and the benchmarking instrument can extend the base line in the straight line direction, i.e. the measuring direction, the theodolite and the benchmarking instrument cannot measure the extended distance, so the method of the present invention sets the second base point-the nth base point on the ground through the benchmarking instrument and the theodolite when extending the base line (the intersection point of the cross lines of the benchmarking instrument and the theodolite on the ground can be used as the base point), and the distance between two adjacent base points is less than or equal to the measuring limit of the laser distance measuring sensor. Therefore, the laser distance measuring sensor can be placed on the first base point and the Nth base point … in sequence, the reflector plate is arranged on the next base point of the base point where the laser distance measuring sensor is located in a matching mode, then the distance between the adjacent base points is accurately measured through the laser distance measuring sensor, and the distance of the whole extended base line can be obtained through addition calculation.
In a specific implementation, an optical theodolite with an accuracy of 2 "or more is required for which N is a positive integer equal to or greater than 2.
104. Placing a measured infrared distance meter at the initial point, setting a measuring point on the base line along the measuring direction, measuring the distance L of the measuring point by using the measured infrared distance meter, and measuring the distance L of the measuring point from the initial point based on the first base point-the Nth base point by using a laser distance measuring sensor’。
105. The distance L is connected with the distance L’And obtaining an error value delta L of the infrared distance meter to be measured by difference.
Specifically, after the base line and the base point are obtained through the above steps 101-103, the laser ranging sensor can accurately measure the distance from the measuring point to the initial point based on the base point no matter which position on the base line the measuring point is set, and further measure the obtained distance L’As a standard value, after the measured infrared distance meter is placed at an initial point and the distance L from the measuring point is measured, the difference between the two can be used for obtaining an error value delta L.
I.e. by the formula Δ L ═ L-L’An error value may be obtained.
The outdoor calibration method for the infrared distance meter, provided by the embodiment of the invention, can be used for calibrating the infrared distance meter to be measured outdoors without calibration under laboratory conditions or by using a standard optical tape device, and further without sending the infrared distance meter to be measured to a provincial or national metering technical mechanism for calibration. The user of being convenient for calibrates by oneself, saves calibration time, can also calibrate the infrared distance meter of various ranges simultaneously, and application scope is wide.
In a specific implementation, in order to obtain an error value more accurately, the actual measuring range of the infrared distance meter to be measured may be divided into a plurality of equal parts, the actual measuring range of the infrared distance meter to be measured is divided into 5 equal parts, the laser distance measuring sensor is used to set a plurality of measuring points on the baseline according to the distance of each part with the initial point as the starting point, and the distance L from each measuring point to the initial point is recorded’ i；
Measuring the distance L of each measuring point by using the measured infrared distance meteriThen using the formula Δ Li＝Li-L’ iAnd calculating an error value of each measuring point, and selecting the largest error value delta L as the measured infrared distance meter.
Specifically, the actual measurement range of the infrared distance meter to be measured is generally several hundred meters to several kilometers, so the actual measurement range of the infrared distance meter to be measured is divided into a plurality of parts, and then the measurement points are set on the base line according to the number of parts divided by the actual measurement range of the infrared distance meter to be measured and the distance of each part on the base line with the initial point as the zero point, and such measurement points are according to representativeness. When the measuring points are arranged on the base line according to the number of the distances, the positions of the measuring points can be accurately set by using the base points through the laser distance measuring sensor, namely, the distance from each measuring point to the initial point can be considered as a standard value, and then the transmitting plate is arranged at each measuring point, so that the distance can be detected through the infrared distance measuring instrument to be detected.
Then, the formula Δ L is used as described abovei＝Li-L’ iAnd calculating an error value of each measuring point, and selecting the largest error value delta L as the measured infrared distance meter. Wherein the measurement points corresponding to each share may be named 1, 2 … F (F is a positive integer greater than 2), i is the corresponding generationTables 1 and 2 … F.
In a specific implementation, the calibration of the infrared distance meter to be measured can also comprise the calibration of the distance measurement of each measurement reference plane of the infrared distance meter to be measured.
The specific implementation mode can be as follows:
on the basis of the above-mentioned step 101-104, i.e. after obtaining the baseline and the base point,
setting the measuring point at a position on the baseline which is more than 70 meters away from the initial point, wherein the distance between the measuring point and the initial point can be obtained by a laser ranging sensor based on the initial point and each base point;
then, using the front reference surface of the infrared distance meter to be measured as a measurement reference surface, measuring the distance from the measurement point for M times according to a single measurement mode, and averaging to obtain a measurement value
And using different reference surfaces of the infrared distance meter to be measured to sequentially replace the front reference surface as a measurement reference surface, measuring the distance from the measurement point for M times according to a single measurement mode, and averaging to obtain a measured value
According to the formula
Selecting the maximum difference value between the measured values of the measuring reference surfaces as a calibration result; wherein M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3. Wherein, K can be positive integers of 2, 3, 4, etc. and is used for representing different measurement reference planes.
In specific implementations, M can take the value of 5 or 10.
In a specific implementation, the method for calibrating an infrared distance meter outdoors provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes:
setting the measurement point at a position on the baseline that is greater than 70 meters from the initial point;
repeatedly measuring n times by using the measured infrared distance meter, and reading the distance L of single measurementiAccording to the formula
Obtaining the repeatability S of the measured infrared distance metern；
Wherein, the
The measured infrared distance meter is the arithmetic mean value of n times of measurement, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3, and the measured infrared distance meter repeats the measurement more than or equal to 10 times.
Specifically, the repeatability S of the infrared distance meter to be measured can be obtained by the methodnAnd the error of the infrared distance meter to be detected can be further judged through a repeated result.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An outdoor calibration method for an infrared distance meter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a preset calibration field, and determining an initial point and a measurement direction;
placing a laser ranging sensor at the initial point, determining a base line along the measuring direction by matching with a reflecting plate, and setting a first base point which is a preset distance away from the initial point on the base line;
measuring and extending the base line along the measuring direction by using a theodolite and a benchmarking instrument, and setting a second base point-an Nth base point at intervals of the extended part of the base line, wherein the distance between two adjacent base points is less than or equal to the measuring limit of the laser distance measuring sensor;
placing a measured infrared distance meter at the initial point, setting a measuring point on the base line along the measuring direction, measuring the distance L of the measuring point by using the measured infrared distance meter, and measuring the distance L' of the measuring point from the initial point based on the first base point-the Nth base point by using a laser distance measuring sensor;
obtaining an error value delta L of the infrared distance meter to be measured by subtracting the distance L from the distance L';
and N is a positive integer greater than 2, and the measurement precision of the laser ranging sensor is higher than that of the measured infrared range finder.
2. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 1,
the preset calibration site is a wide open field without shielding or a straight road.
3. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 1,
the distance from the first base point to the initial point is equal to the limit value measured by the laser ranging sensor.
4. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 1,
the measurement uncertainty ratio of the laser ranging sensor to the infrared range finder to be measured is less than or equal to 1/3.
5. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 1,
averagely dividing the actual measuring range of the infrared distance meter to be measured into a plurality of parts, setting a plurality of measuring points on the baseline according to the distance of each part by taking the initial point as a starting point through the laser distance measuring sensor, and recording the distance L 'of each measuring point from the initial point'i；
Measuring the distance L of each measuring point by using the measured infrared distance meteriThen using the formula ΔLi＝Li-L’iAnd calculating an error value of each measuring point, and selecting the largest error value delta L as the measured infrared distance meter.
6. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 5,
and averagely dividing the actual measuring range of the infrared distance meter to be measured into 5 parts.
7. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting the measurement point at a position on the baseline that is greater than 70 meters from the initial point;
using the front reference surface of the infrared distance meter to be measured as a measurement reference surface, measuring the distance from the measurement point for M times in a single measurement mode, and averaging to obtain a measurement value
Using different reference surfaces of the infrared distance meter to be measured to replace the front reference surface in sequence as a measuring reference surface, measuring the distance from the measuring point for M times according to a single measuring mode, and averaging to obtain a measured value
According to the formula
Selecting the maximum difference value between the measured values of the measuring reference surfaces as a calibration result;
wherein M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.
8. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 7,
and M is 5 or 10.
9. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting the measurement point at a position on the baseline that is greater than 70 meters from the initial point;
repeatedly measuring n times by using the measured infrared distance meter, and reading the distance L of single measurementiAccording to the formula
Obtaining the repeatability S of the measured infrared distance metern；
Wherein, the
Is the arithmetic mean value of n times of measurement, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.
10. The infrared range finder outdoor calibration method of claim 9,
and the measured infrared distance meter repeatedly measures for more than or equal to 10 times.
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