CN111756557A - A data transmission method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and apparatus, the method includes: receiving a target data packet by a first network device; determining a target data stream to which the target data packet belongs according to the target data packet; determining whether the first network device saves the target data stream The first forwarding table entry, wherein the first forwarding table entry instructs the first network device to send the data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the first transmission path; it is determined that the first network device does not save the first forwarding table item, determine the second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow and determine the second forwarding entry of the target data flow according to the second transmission path, wherein the second transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, The second forwarding entry instructs the first network device to send the data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the second transmission path; and sends the target data packet to the second network device according to the second forwarding entry.

Description

A data transmission method and device

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method and apparatus.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the Internet and cloud computing, human society has entered a digital age of rapid development, and network business has shown explosive growth. Online shopping, social networking, games, high-frequency financial transactions, network streaming media (4K/8K video, AR/ A large number of network applications such as VR, etc.) and online office are flooding people's lives. When data streams of different service types are transmitted in the network, the quality of service (Quality of Service, QoS) required by the data streams of different service types is different. For example, the network bandwidth requirements of data streams in video services are generally higher than the network bandwidth requirements of data streams in social network services.

In the prior art, a differentiated service (DiffServ) technology is generally used to provide differentiated QoS guarantees for data flows of different service types. The main principle is: assign different priorities to data streams with different QoS requirements in advance. When there are multiple data streams with different priorities in the network at the same time, the network device preferentially processes the data packets of the high-priority data streams. However, the differentiated service technology can only achieve the effect of providing better QoS for high-priority data streams than low-priority data streams, and cannot ensure that the QoS requirements of high-priority data streams can be satisfied. Therefore, the prior art has the technical problem that the QoS guarantee cannot be provided for the data flow.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and apparatus, which are used to implement active traffic scheduling based on QoS information on a network device, thereby providing QoS guarantee for data flows.

In a first aspect, a data transmission method is provided, the method is applied in a network, the network includes a first network device and a second network device, the first network device communicates with the second network device via multiple transmission paths communication; the method includes: the first network device receives a target data packet, the target data packet is a data packet sent from the first network device to the second network device; the first network device according to The target data packet determines the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs; the first network device determines whether the first network device saves the first forwarding entry of the target data stream, wherein the first A forwarding table entry instructs the first network device to send a data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via a first transmission path, the plurality of transmission paths including the first transmission path; the When the first network device determines that the first network device does not store the first forwarding entry, the first network device determines the second transmission path and the first forwarding entry according to the QoS information of the target data flow. The network device determines a second forwarding entry of the target data flow according to the second transmission path, and the QoS information indicates that the data packets belonging to the target data flow are sent from the first network device to the second network device The required transmission quality in the transmission process, the second transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the multiple transmission paths include the second transmission path, and the second transfer path The publication entry instructs the first network device to send the data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the second transmission path; the first network device sends the data packet to the target data stream according to the second forwarding entry. The second network device sends the target data packet.

In this embodiment of the present application, after the first network device receives the target data packet, when the first network device determines that the first network device does not store the first forwarding entry, the first network device determines according to the QoS information of the target data flow The second transmission path and the first network device determine the second forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the second transmission path, and the second transmission path is one of the multiple transmission paths for communication between the first network device and the second network device. The transmission path of the transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data flow; then, the first network device sends the target data packet to the second network device according to the second forwarding entry. In this way, it can be ensured that the transmission path through which the first network device sends the target data packet to the second network device can meet the transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs, and the inability to exist in the differentiated service solution in the prior art is solved. The technical problem of providing dynamic QoS guarantee for data flow can also avoid the problems of unreasonable network resource allocation, low resource utilization rate and high network deployment cost existing in the network hard slicing scheme in the prior art.

Considering that high-priority traffic is usually scheduled preferentially in the network, the actual transmission quality that can be obtained is often different when traffic with different priorities passes through the same transmission path. In view of this, in a possible implementation manner, the first network device determines the second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow, and the target corresponding to the target data flow may be determined by the first network device priority; the first network device determines the actual transmission quality of each of the multiple transmission paths when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority; the QoS information and the determined actual transmission quality of each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data flow of the target priority, and determine from the multiple transmission paths to meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the second transmission path. In this implementation manner, the actual transmission quality of each transmission path is associated with the priority of the data stream, so that the determined actual transmission quality of each transmission path is more accurate, and further, the determined second transmission path can be better The required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information is met.

In order to quickly determine the actual transmission quality of each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data flow of the target priority, in a possible implementation manner, the first network device may The transmission quality table entry of each transmission path determines the actual transmission quality of each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data flow of the target priority; wherein, the path quality table entry of each transmission path is used to indicate the The actual transmission quality corresponding to each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of at least one priority, the at least one priority including the target priority. In this way, the efficiency of determining the actual transmission quality of the transmission path can be improved, and the transmission path satisfying the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data flow can be determined more quickly, thereby improving the forwarding efficiency of the data packets.

Considering that among the multiple transmission paths for communication between the first network device and the second network device, there may be multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data flow, in a possible implementation manner. , the first network device may use a preset policy to determine one transmission path as the second transmission path from the multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information.

In order to improve the flexibility of the solution, in this embodiment of the present application, the preset strategy may be implemented in multiple ways. For example, in the first possible implementation manner, the first network device selects a transmission path as the second transmission path from a plurality of transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information in a random selection manner; for another example, the second transmission path In a possible implementation manner, the first network device uses a greedy strategy to determine the transmission path with the best actual transmission quality from the multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information as the second transmission path; for another example, the third possibility The first network device uses the best matching strategy to determine the transmission path whose actual transmission quality is closest to the required transmission quality from the multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information as the second transmission path; , the fourth possible implementation manner, the first network device uses the first matching policy to firstly determine the transmission path that meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information as the second transmission path and so on. In this way, one transmission path can be determined as the second transmission path from among the multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, thereby ensuring the reliability of the solution.

In a possible implementation manner, after the first network device determines the second forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the second transmission path, the second forwarding entry may also be stored. In this way, when the first network device receives a data packet belonging to the target data flow next time, it can directly forward the received data packet based on the saved second forwarding entry, and further, on the premise of ensuring QoS , to improve the forwarding efficiency of data packets.

In a possible implementation manner, if the first network device determines that the first network device saves the first forwarding entry, the first network device may directly base on the indication of the first forwarding entry The target data packet is forwarded to the second network device via the first transmission path. Wherein, when the first network device saves the first forwarding entry or before, the first transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data flow. In this way, the forwarding efficiency of data packets can be improved on the premise of ensuring QoS.

In practical situations, the traffic of most services changes dynamically with time, which may cause the actual transmission quality of the first transmission path to fail to meet the QoS information of the target data flow when the target data packet reaches the first network device. the required transmission quality. In view of this, in a possible implementation manner, if the first network device stores the first forwarding entry, the first network device may also check the stored first forwarding entry to check whether the actual transmission quality is Really meet the QoS requirements of the target data flow, and when it is determined that the first transmission path indicated by the first forwarding entry cannot meet the QoS requirements of the target data flow, determine a new one from the network that can meet the QoS requirements of the target data flow. The transmission path is generated, and a new forwarding table entry is generated based on the new transmission path, so that the QoS guarantee can be better provided for the target data flow.

There may be various implementation manners for how to trigger the first network device to check the first forwarding entry.

For example, in a first possible implementation manner, the arrival of the target data packet triggers the first network device to check the first forwarding entry. Specifically, after the first network device receives the target data packet and determines that the first network device stores the first forwarding entry, the first network device first determines whether the first transmission path is Satisfying the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; if the first transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the first network device sends the request to the The second network device sends the target data packet; if the first transmission path does not meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the first network device determines the first network device according to the QoS information of the target data flow three transmission paths, and determining a third forwarding table entry of the target data stream according to the third transmission path, and sending the target data packet to the second network device according to the third forwarding table entry, wherein the The multiple transmission paths include the third transmission path, and the third transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, and the third forwarding entry is used to indicate the first transmission path. The network device sends the data packets belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the third transmission path.

In this way, it can be found in time that the actual transmission quality of the first transmission path cannot meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data stream, and it can be determined for the target data stream that the actual transmission quality can meet the requirements indicated by the QoS information of the target data stream. The third transmission path requiring transmission quality forwards the data packets belonging to the target data flow, thereby better providing QoS guarantee for the target data flow. Further, after the first network device determines the third forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the third transmission path, it may also save the third forwarding entry and delete the first forwarding entry. , so that the forwarding table item stored in the first network device can be updated to better provide QoS guarantee for the data flow.

For another example, in a second possible implementation manner, the first network device is periodically triggered to check the first forwarding entry. Specifically, the first network device periodically checks whether the first transmission path meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; the first network device determines that the first transmission path does not meet the required transmission quality When the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the first network device determines a fourth transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow, the multiple transmission paths include the fourth transmission path, and the fourth transmission path is The transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; the first network device determines a fourth forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the fourth transmission path, and the fourth forwarding The publication entry is used to instruct the first network device to send the data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the fourth transmission path; the first network device saves the fourth forwarding entry , delete the first forwarding entry. In this way, the forwarding table items stored in the first network device can be checked and updated, thereby better providing QoS guarantee for the data flow.

In order to further improve the flexibility of the solution, the QoS information in this embodiment of the present application may have various forms. For example, in a possible implementation manner, the QoS information may include bandwidth, delay, throughput rate, and packet loss rate. at least one.

In order to further improve the flexibility of the solution, the specific content of the first forwarding entry in this embodiment of the present application may be implemented in various manners. For example, in a first possible implementation manner, the first forwarding entry may include The stream identifier of the target data stream and the path identifier of the first transmission path; for example, in a second possible implementation manner, the first forwarding entry may include the stream identifier of the target data stream, the The path identifier of the first transmission path and the priority information of the target data stream.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a first network device, and the apparatus includes:

A receiving module, configured to receive a target data packet, where the target data packet is a data packet sent from the first network device to the second network device; wherein the first network device communicates with the first network device via multiple transmission paths 2. Network equipment communication;

a processing module, configured to determine the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs according to the target data packet; and determine whether the first network device saves the first forwarding entry of the target data stream, wherein the a first forwarding entry instructing the first network device to send a data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via a first transmission path, the plurality of transmission paths including the first transmission path; and When it is determined that the first forwarding entry is not stored in the network device, a second transmission path is determined according to the QoS information of the target data flow, and a second transmission path of the target data flow is determined according to the second transmission path. Two forwarding entries, the QoS information indicates the required transmission quality during the transmission of the data packets belonging to the target data flow from the first network device to the second network device, and the second transmission path is to satisfy the required transmission quality. The transmission path requiring transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the plurality of transmission paths include the second transmission path, and the second forwarding entry instructs the first network device to send to the network via the second transmission path. sending, by the second network device, a data packet belonging to the target data flow;

A sending module, configured to send the target data packet to the second network device according to the second forwarding entry.

In a possible implementation manner, when determining the second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data stream, the processing module may specifically first determine the target priority corresponding to the target data stream; and then determine the multiple The actual transmission quality of each transmission path in the transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data flow of the target priority; The actual transmission quality of the data packets in the data stream is determined, and the second transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information is determined from the multiple transmission paths.

In a possible implementation manner, when the processing module determines the actual transmission quality of each of the multiple transmission paths when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority, the processing module may specifically is to determine the actual transmission quality of each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority according to the transmission quality table entry of each transmission path; wherein, the The path quality table entry is used to indicate the actual transmission quality corresponding to each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data flow of at least one priority, and the at least one priority includes the target priority.

In a possible implementation manner, the second transmission path may be a transmission path with the best actual transmission quality among multiple transmission paths determined by the processing module and meeting the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information. Of course, the second transmission path may also be the transmission path with the second best actual transmission quality among the multiple transmission paths determined by the processing module and satisfying the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, or the processing module Other transmission paths selected from the plurality of transmission paths according to a preset strategy.

In a possible implementation manner, after the processing module determines the second forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the second transmission path, the processing module may further save the second forwarding entry.

In a possible implementation manner, the processing module is further configured to: when it is determined that the first forwarding entry is stored in the network device, determine whether the first transmission path satisfies all the conditions indicated by the QoS information. the required transmission quality. The sending module may send the target data to the second network device via the first transmission path when the processing module determines that the first transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information Bag;

The processing module is further configured to: when it is determined that the first transmission path does not meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, determine a third transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow, and the multiple transmission paths are The transmission path includes the third transmission path, and the third transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; the third transmission path of the target data stream is determined according to the third transmission path. an entry, where the third forwarding entry is used to instruct the network device to send the data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the third transmission path. Further, the sending module may send the target data packet to the second network device according to the third forwarding entry.

In a possible implementation manner, the processing module may further store the third forwarding entry and delete the third forwarding entry after determining the third forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the third transmission path. A forwarding entry.

In a possible implementation manner, the processing module is further configured to: periodically check whether the first transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; determine that the first transmission path does not meet the required transmission quality When the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information is used, a fourth transmission path is determined according to the QoS information of the target data stream, the plurality of transmission paths include the fourth transmission path, and the fourth transmission path meets the requirements. the transmission path requiring transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; determining a fourth forwarding entry of the target data flow according to the fourth transmission path, where the fourth forwarding entry is used to instruct the network device to use the The fourth transmission path sends the data packets belonging to the target data flow to the second network device; saves the fourth forwarding entry, and deletes the first forwarding entry.

In a possible implementation manner, the QoS information may include at least one of bandwidth, delay, throughput rate and packet loss rate.

In a possible implementation manner, the first forwarding entry may include a flow identifier of the target data stream and a path identifier of the first transmission path. Certainly, the first forwarding entry may also include priority information of the target data stream.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission device, the device includes at least one processor, and a memory and a communication interface communicatively connected to the at least one processor; Instructions executed by at least one processor, where the at least one processor uses the communication interface to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect by executing the instructions stored in the memory .

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the The computer executes the method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the format schematic diagram of IPv4 packet header;

Fig. 2 is the format schematic diagram of the 8-bit service type field in the IPv4 packet header;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the meaning of the DSCP field and typical applications of DSCP priorities;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

6 is a schematic diagram of a forwarding table provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of actual transmission quality of a transmission path provided by an embodiment of the present application;

8 is a schematic diagram of a transmission quality table entry provided by an embodiment of the present application;

9 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

10 is a flowchart of a path resetting method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

11a to 11d are schematic diagrams of a path resetting process according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another data transmission apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, some terms in the embodiments of the present application will be explained, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art.

1) A network device, which can be a router, switch, server, etc. in a computer network that has the ability to send, receive, and forward data packets, or a device that has the ability to send, receive, and forward data packets in a mobile communication network, such as an access network ( access network, AN) equipment, radio access network (radio access network, RAN) equipment, access network equipment such as a base station (for example, an access point), may refer to an access network that communicates with one or more cells over the air interface through one or more cells. A device that communicates with wireless end devices. The base station may be used to convert received air frames to and from Internet Protocol (IP) packets and act as a router between the terminal device and the rest of the access network, which may include the IP network. The network device can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the network device may include a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system or an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolved Node B) in long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A), Alternatively, it may also include a next generation node B (gNB) or a next generation evolved node B (next generation evolved node B) in a new radio (new radio, NR) system of the fifth generation mobile communication technology (the 5th generation, 5G). ng-eNB), en-gNB (enhanced next generation node B, gNB): enhanced next-generation base station; may also include a centralized unit (centralized unit, cloud radio access network, Cloud RAN) system, CU) and a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU), or may also include a relay device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In addition, in this embodiment of the present application, the network device may further include a core network device, and the core network device includes, for example, a network device that processes and forwards the signaling and data of the user. In a 4G system, a core network device is, for example, a mobility management entity (mobility management entity, MME). The MME is a key control node of the access network of the LTE system defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) protocol, and is responsible for positioning and paging processes of terminal equipment in idle mode, including relays. Simply put, the MME is the core network equipment responsible for the signaling processing part. Alternatively, in the 5G system, the core network equipment includes, for example, core network equipment such as an access management network element, a session management network element, or a user plane gateway. The user plane gateway may be a server with functions such as mobility management, routing, and forwarding of user plane data, and is generally located on the network side, such as a serving gateway (SGW) or a packet data network gateway (PGW) Or a user plane function entity (user plane function, UPF).

2) The quality of service (quality of service, QoS) in this embodiment of the present application refers to the service capability that a network can provide for specified network communication by using various basic technologies. In order to meet users' requirements for different service qualities of different applications, the network needs to be able to allocate and schedule resources according to the user's requirements, and provide different service qualities for different data streams.

In the embodiments of the present application, "QoS of data flow requirements" or "QoS requirements of data flow" refers to the transmission quality required by the data packets belonging to the data flow during the transmission process.

The specific content of the QoS information in the embodiment of the present application may include bandwidth, delay, throughput rate, packet loss rate, etc., and any performance index that can characterize transmission quality may be used as the QoS information.

3) The embodiments of the present application may be applicable to data communication systems, IP communication systems, cloud storage systems, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) systems, or fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) new radio (new radio, NR) system, etc., or can also be applied to other similar communication systems, such as next-generation communication systems.

4) The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this application may be used interchangeably. "At least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And/or", which describes the relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, it can indicate that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship. "At least one item(s) below" or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one item (a) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c may be single or multiple .

5) Unless stated to the contrary, the ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the order, sequence, priority or priority of multiple objects. Importance. For example, the first priority criterion and the second priority criterion are only for distinguishing different criteria, and do not indicate the difference in content, priority, or importance of the two criteria.

In the traditional prior art, differentiated QoS is generally provided for data flows of different services in the following two ways:

Mode 1: The method of differentiated services is adopted. Differentiated services is a class-based QoS technology. The principle is to provide differentiated services by assigning different priorities to services with different QoS requirements. By prioritizing the traffic of high-priority services, it is possible to provide higher-priority services with better QoS than low-priority services.

In an IP network, a DSCP (differentiated services code point, differentiated services code point) field in an IP packet header is used to indicate the priority of a service. 1 is a schematic diagram of the format of an IPv4 packet header. The IPv4 packet header includes a 4-bit version (version, VER) field, a 4-bit header length (header length, HLEN) field, an 8-bit service type (Service Type) field, and the like.

Figure 2 is a specific description of the 8-bit Service Type field in the IPv4 packet header. It can be seen from Figure 2 that the Service Type field specifically includes a 6-bit DSCP field and a 2-bit explicit congestion notification (ECN) field. .

Figure 3 is a description of the meaning of the DSCP field and its typical application of each priority, wherein the English abbreviations involved in Figure 3 are explained as follows:

DS: differentiated servcies, differentiated services;

CS: class of Service, service type (priority);

BE: best-effort, try your best;

AF: assured forwarding, ensure forwarding;

EF: expedited forwarding, fast forwarding;

IP precedence: IP precedence;

IPTV VOD: IP Television Video On Demand, IP TV on demand;

NGN: next generation network, the next generation network;

RTP: real-time transport protocol, real-time transport protocol.

It can be seen from Figure 3 that DSCP divides services into eight categories from CS0 (Class Service0) to CS7, of which CS7 has the highest priority and CS0 has the lowest priority. When data packets of data streams of different service types are transmitted on the network, the network device preferentially processes data packets of data streams of high-priority services.

However, this method can only achieve the effect of providing relatively better QoS for high-priority data streams than low-priority data streams, and cannot ensure that the QoS requirements of high-priority data streams can be satisfied; and generally, The QoS provided by the network is limited. When data packets of the same priority data flow are transmitted in the network, there is often a problem that the QoS cannot be satisfied due to competition for link bandwidth.

Mode 2: The method of network hard sharding is adopted. Network hard sharding is a technology that uses isolated network resource sharding to provide differentiated services for different services. The principle is: divide the network into multiple shards, and allocate isolated network resources (such as bandwidth, cache, etc.) to each shard according to the QoS requirements of the services carried on the shards. If enough network resources can be provided for services running on a certain segment, the QoS of such services can be guaranteed.

However, this method has the following disadvantages:

1) The division of shard resources by network hard sharding is relatively static. Once configured, the resources of each shard will not be modified for a long time. However, the business demand for network resources is dynamic and will vary with the scale of the business. and activity changes in real time, so it is often difficult for static network resource allocation to match the dynamic needs of services for network resources;

2) When configuring network resources for each fragment, in order to ensure the QoS of the services running on the fragment, resources need to be allocated according to the peak demand for network resources of the services running on the fragment. However, the business is not running at the peak state most of the time, which means that the shard resources cannot be fully utilized in most cases, and the resources between different shards are isolated, and the idle resources of one shard cannot be allocated by another. slice utilization, which leads to the waste of network resources and the problem of low utilization of network resources as a whole;

3) Even if the total network resources of a network shard are sufficient, if the business traffic running on the shard is unevenly distributed on the shard, it will cause local congestion, resulting in the inability to guarantee QoS;

4) Network hard sharding requires strict isolation of resources between shards, so it has higher requirements on hardware devices, and requires all network devices to support the capability of hard sharding, so the cost of network deployment is very high.

In view of this, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are provided to implement active traffic scheduling based on QoS information on network devices, and provide better QoS guarantee for data flows while achieving high utilization of network resources.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which may be an application scenario of the embodiment of the present application. This scenario takes a data communication network as an example. The network includes multiple nodes, such as node A, node B, node C, node D, node E, node F, node G, node H, node D, and so on. Wherein, node A, node B, node C, and node H are edge nodes of the network, and node D, node F, node E, and node G are intermediate nodes of the network. Network traffic enters the network from edge nodes, passes through zero or more intermediate nodes, reaches other edge nodes, and leaves the network. It should be understood that, in practice, the nodes in the network may only be part of the nodes shown in FIG. 4 , or more than the nodes shown in FIG. 4 , the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations, and the topology structure of the network may also be other form, the network topology in Figure 4 is just an example.

Wherein, network devices on any two nodes in the network can communicate with each other, such as sending data packets to each other, and there can be multiple transmission paths for communication between any two network devices. When a network device on any edge node in the network sends a data packet to a network device on another edge node, the network device on any edge node can determine according to the QoS information of the data stream where the data packet to be sent is located The transmission path used to send the data packet, thereby realizing the active traffic scheduling of the entire network based on the QoS information of the data flow, and providing better QoS guarantee for the data flow while achieving high utilization of network resources.

Taking the network device in Figure 4 as an example, the transmission path between node A and node B includes A-E-G-B, A-D-F-B, A-E-F-B, A-D-F -E-G-B, etc. Any node in Figure 4 can be understood as a network device. After node A receives the target data packet that needs to be sent to node B, it selects a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs from the transmission path between node A and node B, Then node A sends the target data packet to node B through the selected transmission path, so as to provide QoS guarantee for the transmission of the target data packet.

Referring to FIG. 5 , an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method. In the following introduction process, the method is applied to the application scenario shown in FIG. 4 as an example. The flow of this method is described as follows.

S501: The first network device receives the target data packet; wherein, the target data packet is a data packet sent from the first network device to the second network device; in this embodiment of the present application, the first network device uses the node A in FIG. 4 For example, the second network device takes the node B in FIG. 4 as an example, the first network device communicates with the second network device via multiple transmission paths, such as A-E-G-B and A-D- in FIG. 4 . F-B, A-E-F-B, A-D-F-E-G-B, etc., are respectively multiple transmission paths between the first network device and the second network device.

S502: The first network device determines the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs according to the target data packet; as an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the first network device may determine the target data stream according to the header information of the target data packet The destination data stream to which the packet belongs. The header information may include information related to the flow identifier of the target data stream, and the flow identifier may be represented based on a flow label or a tuple.

S503: The first network device determines whether the first network device stores a first forwarding entry of the target data stream, where the first forwarding entry instructs the first network device to send data belonging to the target to the second network device via the first transmission path Streaming data packets, the plurality of transmission paths include a first transmission path;

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the first network device may store multiple forwarding entries in advance. Wherein, each forwarding entry includes a stream identifier of a data stream and a path identifier of a transmission path corresponding to the data stream. Each forwarding entry is used to indicate that: when the data packet of the data flow indicated by the flow identifier in the forwarding entry reaches the first network device, the first network device uses the path identifier corresponding to the flow identifier in the forwarding entry The indicated transmission path forwards the packet.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the foregoing multiple forwarding table entries may be combined into one or more forwarding tables and stored in the first network device, such as Table 1 shown in FIG. 6 . Correspondingly, when the first network device determines whether the first network device saves the first forwarding table entry of the target data stream, it can check whether the forwarding table has the stream identifier of the target data stream by looking up the table to determine the first forwarding table entry. Whether a network device saves the first forwarding entry of the target data stream, and if there is a flow identifier of the target data stream, it is determined that the first network device saves the first forwarding entry of the target data stream; otherwise, it is determined that the first network device The first forwarding entry for the target data stream is not saved.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, if in step S503, the first network device determines that it stores the first forwarding entry of the target data stream, it can directly use the first forwarding entry in the first forwarding entry. The first transmission path forwards the target data packet to the second network device; if it is determined in step S503 that the first network device does not store the first forwarding entry of the target data stream, the following step 504 can be performed to determine the target data stream. Second forwarding entry.

S504: When the first network device determines that the first network device does not store the first forwarding entry, the first network device determines the second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow, and the first network device may further determine according to the second transmission path the second forwarding entry of the target data stream;

The QoS information is used to indicate the required transmission quality during the transmission of the data packets belonging to the target data flow from the first network device to the second network device. For example, the specific content of the QoS information may include bandwidth, delay, throughput, and packet loss. rate etc. During specific implementation, the QoS information may be any information that can represent the transmission quality required during the transmission of the data packets of the target data flow from the first network device to the second network device, and the specific content of the QoS information is not described in this embodiment of the present application. limit.

As an optional implementation manner, the second network device may determine the actual transmission quality of each transmission path among the multiple transmission paths communicated between the first network device and the second network device, and select from the actual transmission quality that satisfies the target data stream The transmission path requiring transmission quality indicated by the QoS information is used as the second transmission path.

Considering that in the network, traffic of different priorities usually passes through different queues, and high-priority traffic is usually scheduled with higher priority, the actual transmission quality that can be obtained when traffic of different priorities passes through the same transmission path The resulting QoS guarantees are often different. In view of this, as an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the actual transmission quality of each transmission path is associated with the priority of the data stream.

Taking that the transmission quality is specifically the delay and the bandwidth as an example, Table 2 in FIG. 7 is an example of the actual transmission quality of the transmission path in the embodiment of the present application. In Table 2, when a certain path cannot provide guarantee of delay or available bandwidth for a certain priority traffic, its corresponding performance index is expressed as N.A. (no guarantee).

It can be seen from Table 2 that path 1 corresponds to different actual transmission qualities when transmitting packets of data streams with different priorities, and path 2 corresponds to different actual transmission qualities when transmitting packets of data streams with different priorities. For example, the available bandwidth corresponding to path 1 is 200 Mbps when transmitting the data packets of the data flow with priority 1, and the corresponding available bandwidth is 500 Mbps when transmitting the data packets of the data flow with priority 2.

It should be noted that FIG. 7 is illustrated by taking the delay and bandwidth as the transmission quality as an example. In the specific implementation, the transmission quality indicators in Table 2 may also be other indicators such as throughput rate, packet loss rate, delay, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations.

Correspondingly, when the first network device determines the second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data stream, it may first determine the target priority corresponding to the target data stream; the first network device determines each transmission path in the multiple transmission paths respectively. The actual transmission quality of the path when transmitting the data packets in the data flow of the target priority; the first network device determines the data packets in the data flow of the target priority for each transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow and the transmission path The actual transmission quality at the time is determined, and a second transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data stream is determined from the multiple transmission paths.

Because the actual transmission quality of each transmission path is associated with the priority of the data stream, the determined actual transmission quality of each transmission path is more accurate, and it is ensured that the determined second transmission path can better meet the requirements indicated by the QoS information. Transmission quality is required.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the prioritization of data streams may refer to the existing priority division method shown in FIG. 3, and the existing priority division method is multiplexed, Alternatively, other preset rules may be used to classify the priorities of the data streams, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Here is a possible way of dividing the priority: divide the priority of the data flow according to the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the data flow. Specifically, the higher the required transmission quality corresponding to the data flow, the priority corresponding to the data flow. The higher the level.

Take the transmission bandwidth required by the data stream as an example: the priority of the data stream with the bandwidth requirement in the range of 0 to 1Mbps is 0, the priority of the data stream with the bandwidth requirement in the range of 1 to 100Mbps is 1, and the priority of the data stream with the bandwidth requirement in the range of 100 to 500Mbps The priority of the data stream in the numerical range is 2, and the priority of the data stream with the bandwidth requirement higher than 500Mbps is 3, where priority 0 is the lowest priority, and priority 3 is the highest priority.

Further, in a specific implementation, among the multiple transmission paths for communication between the first network device and the second network device, there may be multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data stream. In view of this, as an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the first network device may use a preset policy to determine a transmission path from multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information as a transmission path. second transmission path. For example, use a random selection method to select a transmission path as the second transmission path, or use a greedy strategy to determine the transmission path with the best actual transmission quality as the second transmission from multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information. Path, or use the best matching strategy to determine the transmission path whose actual transmission quality is closest to the required transmission quality from the multiple transmission paths that meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information as the second transmission path, or use the first matching strategy to determine the transmission path with the highest transmission quality. The transmission path first determined by the first network device to satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information is used as the second transmission path and so on. During specific implementation, the strategy for determining the second transmission path from multiple transmission paths that satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information may be adjusted according to the actual situation, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

For example, please continue to refer to FIG. 7, assuming that the target priority of the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs is 1, the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs is specifically 100Mbps bandwidth, the first network device and The transmission path of the second network device includes paths 1 and 2 in Table 7. According to Table 7, the available bandwidth of path 1 corresponding to the data stream with priority 1 is 200 Mbps, and path 2 corresponding to the data stream with priority 1 has an available bandwidth of 200 Mbps. The available bandwidth is 100 Mbps, and both path 1 and path 2 meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data flow. Therefore, the first network device can select path 1 with the largest available bandwidth to send the target data to the second network device based on the greedy policy. packets, so as to maximize the QoS of the target data flow.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the actual transmission quality of each transmission path in the multiple transmission paths when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority may be determined according to each transmission path. The transmission quality table entry of the transmission path is determined. Wherein, the path quality entry of each transmission path is used to indicate the actual transmission quality corresponding to each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data flow of at least one priority, wherein the at least one priority includes the target priority class.

During specific implementation, the transmission quality table entries of multiple transmission paths may be combined into a transmission quality table and stored in the first network device or other third-party network device that can communicate with the first network device. Obtain the transmission quality table entries of each transmission path by taking the transmission quality table, as shown in Table 3 in FIG. 8 . It should be noted that in Figure 8, the delay is used as the transmission quality as an example. In the specific implementation, the transmission quality indicators in the transmission quality table can also be other indicators such as bandwidth, throughput rate, packet loss rate, delay jitter, etc. The application examples do not make specific limitations.

Further, after the second transmission path is determined, the first network device determines a second forwarding table entry of the target data stream according to the second transmission path, and the second forwarding table entry is used to instruct the first network device to send the data stream via the second transmission path. The second network device sends data packets belonging to the target data flow. Wherein, the second forwarding entry includes at least the flow identifier of the target data stream and the path identifier of the second transmission path.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the information types and the included information formats of all forwarding entries may be unified. Then, the type of information included in the second forwarding entry here, the format of the included information, etc., are consistent with the type of information included in each forwarding entry saved in advance, the format of the included information, and the like.

S505: The first network device sends the target data packet to the second network device according to the second forwarding entry.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, after the first network device determines the second forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the second transmission path, the second forwarding entry may also be saved. In this way, when the first network device receives a data packet belonging to the target data flow next time, it can directly forward the received data packet based on the saved second forwarding entry.

In addition, the first network device may not store any forwarding entries in advance. Then, when a data packet of a new data flow arrives, the first network device will determine that it does not store a forwarding entry corresponding to the new data flow. Further, the above steps S503 to S505 are directly executed to determine the corresponding forwarding entry for the new data stream, and save the determined forwarding entry on the first network device. In this way, as time goes by, the first network device receives more and more data packets of the data flow, and the first network device learns and saves more and more forwarding entries of the data flow. Wherein, the new data flow mentioned in the embodiment of the present application refers to the data flow for which the first network device does not store the corresponding forwarding entry.

In order to better understand the embodiments of the present application, the method process of the above steps S501 to 505 is exemplarily described below by using a specific embodiment. Referring to Fig. 9, at a certain moment, a data packet with a new data flow (data flow 5, "flow 5" for short) in the network arrives at the first network device, assuming its priority is 0, the time indicated by its QoS information The latency requirement is less than 75ms.

Since the flow 5 is a new flow, the forwarding table entry for the flow 5 is not found by searching the forwarding table on the first network device, so a transmission path that satisfies the delay requirement indicated by its QoS information needs to be selected for the flow.

As shown in FIG. 9 , according to searching the transmission quality table, it can be known that there are 3 candidate paths (path 1, path 2 and path 3), all of which can reach the second network device. Wherein, both path 2 and path 3 corresponding to the data flow priority 0 meet the QoS requirements of both flow 5, that is, the data packets of the data flow with priority 0 pass through the two paths with a delay of 70ms. The first network device selects a transmission path between path 2 and path 3 for flow 5, for example, selects path 3 to forward the data packets of flow 5.

Further, the first network device can also generate a forwarding entry for flow 5 based on path 3, and save it in the first network device. When other data packets of flow 5 reach the first network device, the first network device can directly The forwarding entry for flow 5 determines that subsequent packets of flow 5 are sent via path 3 to the second network device.

In this embodiment of the present application, after the first network device receives the target data packet, when the first network device determines that the first network device does not store the first forwarding entry, the first network device determines according to the QoS information of the target data flow The second transmission path and the first network device determine the second forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the second transmission path, and the second transmission path is one of the multiple transmission paths for communication between the first network device and the second network device. The transmission path of the transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data flow; then, the first network device sends the target data packet to the second network device according to the second forwarding entry. In this way, it can be ensured that the transmission path through which the first network device sends the target data packet to the second network device can satisfy the transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs, and solves the problem that the differentiated service solution in the prior art cannot provide The technical problem of providing dynamic QoS guarantee for data flow can also avoid the problems of unreasonable network resource allocation, low resource utilization rate, and high network deployment cost existing in the network hard slicing scheme in the prior art.

In addition, in this embodiment of the present application, if the first network device determines that the first network device stores the first forwarding entry, the first network device may directly send the second forwarding entry to the second network through the first transmission path indicated by the first forwarding entry. When the network device sends the target data packet, the forwarding efficiency of the data packet can be improved on the premise of the QoS guarantee provided for the data flow.

In practice, the traffic of most services changes dynamically over time. For any data stream, for example, taking the target data stream as an example, it is assumed that the first network device has saved the first forwarding entry corresponding to the target data stream. , but on the first transmission path indicated by the first forwarding entry, it may be due to the occupation of some data streams with a higher priority than the target data stream, or the increase of the target data stream's own traffic, or the difference between the target data stream and the target data stream. The traffic of other data streams of equal priority increases, so that the actual transmission quality of the first transmission path (for example, bandwidth, delay, throughput rate, packet loss rate, etc.) can no longer meet the QoS information of the target data stream. Therefore, the first transmission path cannot guarantee the QoS requirements of the target data flow.

In view of this, as an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the first network device may also check the saved forwarding entries, and check the actual transmission path corresponding to each stored forwarding entry. Whether the transmission quality really meets the QoS requirements of the data flow corresponding to the forwarding entry, when the first network device finds that the transmission path indicated by any forwarding entry cannot meet the QoS requirements of the data flow corresponding to the forwarding entry, A process of resetting the path can be performed on the data flow corresponding to the forwarding entry, so as to ensure the QoS of the data packets of the data flow during the transmission process.

Referring to FIG. 10 , when detecting that the actual transmission quality of the transmission path corresponding to any forwarding entry cannot meet the QoS requirements of the data corresponding to the any forwarding entry, the first network device may The corresponding data flow performs the path reset process. Specific implementations of the path reset process may include the following steps:

S1001: The first network device determines priority information of the data stream;

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate the process of resetting the path of the data flow, when saving the forwarding entry, the first network device may add the priority of the data flow to the forwarding entry. Level information, that is, the specific content of the forwarding entry should include the stream identifier of the data stream, the priority information of the data stream, and the path identifier of the transmission path. Then, here, the first network device can determine the priority information of the data flow through the forwarding entry corresponding to the data flow.

Of course, the priority information of the data flow may not be stored in the forwarding entry. In this case, the first network device may use other methods to determine the priority information of the data flow, such as obtaining the priority information from the packet header of the data flow. .

S1002: The first network device re-determines from the network a transmission path whose actual transmission quality meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the data stream;

S1003: The first network device determines a new forwarding entry based on the re-determined transmission path, where the new forwarding entry is used to instruct the first network device to send the data packet belonging to the data flow via the re-determined transmission path;

S1004: The first network device uses the determined new forwarding entry to replace the original forwarding entry.

It can be seen from the above steps that the steps S1001 to S1003 executed in the process of resetting the path of the data flow are similar to the specific process of the above step S504 in this embodiment of the present application. Therefore, for the specific implementation of the above steps S1001 to S1003, please refer to The specific implementation manner of step S504 shown in FIG. 5 is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.

During specific implementation, when the data flow is re-routed, the data packets of the data flow on one route are switched to another route for transmission. However, because the delay of the new path may be smaller than the delay of the original path, it may cause short-term packet out-of-order in the data flow. In response to this situation, the embodiment of the present application may adopt a method of actively creating a flow shard (Flowlet) of a data flow (specifically, the method is: cutting the flow into Flowlets, and making the interval of the vector Flowlets larger than the path delay difference), or By improving the queue scheduling mechanism, the data packets after flow switching are always dequeued later than the data packets before flow switching, or the data packets are reordered by performing data packet reordering at the destination node, etc., so as to solve the problem of data Packet out-of-order problem.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the specific implementation manner of triggering the first network device to check the saved forwarding table entry may be triggering the first network device to check the saved forwarding table when a data packet arrives The check process for the entry may also be triggered periodically according to a preset time interval by the first network device to perform the check process on the forwarding entry that has been saved, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Hereinafter, taking the target data packet as an example, the process of triggering the first network device to perform checking on the saved forwarding entry when the data packet arrives will be described.

Step 1. When the first network device determines that the first network device stores the first forwarding entry, the first network device determines whether the first transmission path meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information;

Step 2. When the first network device determines that the first transmission path meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the first network device sends the target data packet to the second network device via the first transmission path;

Step 3. When the first network device determines that the first transmission path does not meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the first network device determines the third transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data stream, wherein the first network device and the second network device The multiple transmission paths between include the third transmission path, and the third transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; the third forwarding entry of the target data stream is determined according to the third transmission path, and the third forwarding entry uses instructing the first network device to send the data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the third transmission path; sending the target data packet to the second network device according to the third forwarding entry;

Step 4: The first network device saves the third forwarding entry, and deletes the first forwarding entry.

In the above embodiment, based on the arrival of the data packet at the first network device, the first network device is triggered to perform a check process on the forwarding entry of the data flow to which the arriving data packet belongs, which can better ensure the QoS of the data packet during transmission.

Below, the process of periodically triggering the first network device to perform checking on the forwarding entry that has been saved will be introduced.

Step 1. The first network device periodically checks whether the actual transmission quality of the transmission path indicated by the path identifier in each stored forwarding entry is checked periodically according to a preset time interval (such as 5sec, 1min, 10min, 1h, etc.). meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information of the data flow indicated by the flow identifier in the forwarding entry;

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, in each cycle, the stored forwarding entries may be checked in sequence according to the priority of the data stream from high to low, so as to ensure high priority. The QoS of high-level data flow can be satisfied more timely.

Step 2. The first network device determines that the actual transmission quality of the transmission path indicated by the path identifier in any forwarding entry cannot meet the transmission requirement indicated by the QoS information of the data flow indicated by the flow identifier in the forwarding entry. When the quality is not high, a path resetting process may be performed on the data stream with reference to the method steps shown in FIG. 10 .

Taking the target data flow as an example, the first network device determines a fourth transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow, where the fourth transmission path is one of multiple transmission paths between the first network device and the second network device , and the fourth transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; the first network device determines the fourth forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the fourth transmission path, and the fourth forwarding entry is used to instruct the first network device to use the The fourth transmission path sends the data packets belonging to the target data flow to the second network device; the first network device saves the fourth forwarding entry and deletes the first forwarding entry.

In the above embodiment, by periodically triggering the first network device to perform a check process on the stored forwarding entry, the QoS of the data packet during the transmission process can be better guaranteed.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the path resetting process is performed on the data flow, and the first network device may immediately perform the process when discovering that the QoS requirements of the data flow cannot be satisfied, or may When the QoS requirement cannot be satisfied, the QoS requirement is recorded, and then executed at a preset time according to a preconfigured policy, such as periodic execution, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In order to better understand the embodiments of the present application, the following uses a specific embodiment to exemplarily describe the process of resetting the path of the above data flow. Referring to Figures 11a to 11d, there are data flow 1 (referred to as "flow 1" for short) and data flow 2 (referred to as "flow 2" for short) on path 1, and data flow 3 (referred to as "flow 3" for short) on path 2 ), data flow 4 (referred to as "flow 4" for short), and data flow 5 (referred to as "flow 5" for short) on path 3.

At a certain moment, because the traffic of data flow 1 with priority 2 on path 1 increases, it preempts the bandwidth of the data flow with priority 1 on path 1, resulting in that the data packets of the data flow with priority 1 on path 1 will be lost. The delay becomes as large as 30ms, as shown in Fig. 11b, the QoS requirements of data flow 2 can no longer be met. The first network device discovers this situation by periodically performing the checking process on the forwarding entries that have been saved, and triggers the path resetting process for flow 2 .

Next, the first network device finds that the path 2 meets the QoS requirements of the flow 2 by performing the path resetting process of the flow 2, and reselects the path 2 for the data packets belonging to the flow 2 for forwarding, as shown in FIG. 11c.

However, since stream 2 is placed on path 2, it may preempt the bandwidth of the data stream with priority 0 on path 2, resulting in the delay of the data stream with priority 0 on path 2 becoming 80ms, as shown in Figure 11c It is shown that the QoS requirements of the data flow 4 with priority 0 (referred to as "flow 4") can no longer be met. After detecting this situation, the first network device triggers the process of resetting the path of the flow 4 again.

Next, the first network device performs a path resetting process on flow 4, finds that path 3 meets the QoS requirements of flow 4, and reselects path 3 for flow 4 for forwarding, as shown in FIG. 11d.

In this embodiment of the present application, the first network device is triggered by the arrival of the data packet or periodically triggered to check whether the actual transmission quality of the transmission path indicated by the stored forwarding entry really satisfies the quality of the data stream corresponding to the forwarding entry. QoS requirements, which can timely discover forwarding entries whose actual transmission quality of the transmission path cannot meet the QoS requirements of the data flow, and after checking the forwarding entry, perform the process of resetting the path for the data flow corresponding to the forwarding entry. , so as to better guarantee the QoS of the data flow corresponding to the forwarding entry.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, for any data flow, if the first network device has determined that there is no actual transmission quality of any transmission path in the network that can meet the requirements specified by the QoS information of the data flow When the indicated transmission quality is required, the first network device may execute a preset policy to handle this situation. For example, sending early warning information to the management platform, rejecting the access of the data flow, etc., so as to better ensure the QoS of data transmission in the network.

Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission apparatus 1200 . Referring to FIG. 12, the apparatus 1200 may be applied to the first network device, and the apparatus 1200 may include:

The receiving module 1201 is configured to receive a target data packet, where the target data packet is a data packet sent from the first network device to the second network device; wherein the first network device communicates with the communication with the second network device;

a processing module 1202, configured to determine the target data stream to which the target data packet belongs according to the target data packet; and determine whether the first network device has a first forwarding entry of the target data stream;

The first forwarding entry instructs the first network device to send the data packets belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via a first transmission path, and the multiple transmission paths include the first transmission path. a transmission path; and when it is determined that the network device does not store the first forwarding entry, determining a second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow and determining the target according to the second transmission path The second forwarding entry of the data flow, the QoS information indicates the required transmission quality during the transmission of the data packets belonging to the target data flow from the first network device to the second network device, and the second transmission A path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the plurality of transmission paths include the second transmission path, and the second forwarding table entry indicates that the first network device passes through the first network device. The second transmission path sends the data packets belonging to the target data flow to the second network device.

The sending module 1203 is configured to send the target data packet to the second network device according to the second forwarding entry.

Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the present application, when the processing module 1202 determines the second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow, it can specifically determine the target priority corresponding to the target data flow; The actual transmission quality of each transmission path in the multiple transmission paths when transmitting the data packets in the data flow of the target priority; The actual transmission quality of the data packets in the data stream, and the second transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information is determined from the multiple transmission paths.

In an alternative manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the processing module 1202 determines the actual value of each transmission path in the multiple transmission paths when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority. During transmission quality, the actual transmission quality of each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority may be determined according to the transmission quality table entry of each transmission path; wherein, the The path quality entry of each transmission path is used to indicate the actual transmission quality corresponding to each transmission path when transmitting data packets in data streams of at least one priority, where the at least one priority includes the target priority.

Based on the above, the second transmission path may be determined by the processing module 1202 according to the actual transmission quality of each transmission path when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority, which satisfies the The transmission path with the best actual transmission quality among the multiple transmission paths requiring transmission quality indicated by the QoS information. Of course, the processing module 1202 may also determine, among the multiple transmission paths, the transmission path with the second best actual transmission quality as the second transmission path. There is no specific limitation on how to select the second transmission path according to the actual transmission qualities corresponding to the multiple transmission paths, but two exemplary descriptions are given here, and other methods may also be used for selection.

Further, after determining the second forwarding table entry of the target data stream according to the second transmission path, the processing module 1202 may also choose to save the second forwarding table entry.

In addition, if the processing module 1202 determines that the network device has the first forwarding entry, the processing module 1202 may be further configured to determine whether the first transmission path satisfies the requirements indicated by the QoS information request transmission quality;

If the first transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the sending module 1203 may send the target data packet to the second network device via the first transmission path;

If the first transmission path does not meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the processing module 1202 is further configured to: determine a third transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow, the multiple transmission paths The transmission path includes the third transmission path, and the third transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; the third transmission path of the target data stream is determined according to the third transmission path. an entry, where the third forwarding entry is used to instruct the network device to send the data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the third transmission path. Further, the sending module 1203 may send the target data packet to the second network device according to the third forwarding entry.

Further, the processing module 1202 may further store the third forwarding entry and delete the first forwarding entry after determining the third forwarding entry of the target data stream according to the third transmission path.

In addition, the processing module 1202 may be further configured to: periodically check whether the first transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; when determining that the first transmission path does not satisfy the QoS information When the required transmission quality is indicated, a fourth transmission path is determined according to the QoS information of the target data stream, wherein the multiple transmission paths include the fourth transmission path, and the fourth transmission path is a the transmission path requiring transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; determining a fourth forwarding entry of the target data flow according to the fourth transmission path, wherein the fourth forwarding entry is used to instruct the network device to use the The fourth transmission path sends the data packets belonging to the target data flow to the second network device; saves the fourth forwarding entry, and deletes the first forwarding entry.

Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the present application, the QoS information may include at least one of bandwidth, delay, throughput rate, and packet loss rate.

Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the present application, the first forwarding table may include a flow identifier of the target data stream and a path identifier of the first transmission path. Certainly, the first forwarding entry may also include priority information of the target data stream.

The method and device described in the present application are based on the same technical concept. Since the principles of the method and device for solving problems are similar, the specific implementation of the operations performed by the above modules can refer to the corresponding steps in the above-mentioned data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application. For the implementation of the method, reference may be made to each other, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated.

Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission apparatus 1300 . Referring to FIG. 13 , the apparatus 1300 includes at least one processor 1301, a memory 1302 and a communication interface 1303 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 1301; wherein, the memory 1302 stores data that can be used by the at least one processor 1301 executes the instruction, the at least one processor 1301 executes the data transmission method described in the embodiment of the present application by using the communication interface 1303 by executing the instruction stored in the memory 1302 .

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the processor 1301 may specifically include a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), and may be one or more An integrated circuit for controlling program execution may be a hardware circuit developed using a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a baseband processor.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the processor 1301 may include at least one processing core.

As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment of the present application, the memory 1302 may include a read only memory (read only memory, ROM), a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), and a disk memory. The memory 1302 is used to store data required for the processor 1301 to operate.

The method and apparatus described in this application are based on the same technical concept. Since the principles of the method and apparatus for solving problems are similar, the specific implementation of the operations performed by the at least one processor 1301 above may refer to the corresponding steps in the above-mentioned data transmission method in the embodiment of this application. Therefore, the implementation of the apparatus and the method can be referred to each other, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions, and the program instructions, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to execute the present invention. The data transmission methods described in the application embodiments are provided.

The embodiments of the present application are described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to the processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce Means for implementing the functions specified in a flow or flow of a flowchart and/or a block or blocks of a block diagram.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, from a website site, computer, server or data center via Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wired (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes an integration of one or more available media. The usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, digital versatile discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks (SSDs) ))Wait.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (22)

1. A data transmission method applied to a network including a first network device and a second network device, the first network device communicating with the second network device via a plurality of transmission paths, the method comprising:

the first network device receiving a target data packet, the target data packet being a data packet sent from the first network device to the second network device;

the first network equipment determines a target data stream to which the target data packet belongs according to the target data packet;

the first network device determines whether a first forwarding table entry of the target data flow is stored in the first network device, where the first forwarding table entry indicates that the first network device sends a packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via a first transmission path, and the plurality of transmission paths include the first transmission path;

when the first network device determines that the first network device does not store the first forwarding table entry, the first network device determines a second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow and determines a second forwarding table entry of the target data flow according to the second transmission path, the QoS information indicates a required transmission quality in a transmission process of a data packet belonging to the target data flow from the first network device to the second network device, the second transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the plurality of transmission paths include the second transmission path, and the second forwarding table entry instructs the first network device to send a data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the second transmission path;

and the first network equipment sends the target data packet to the second network equipment according to the second forwarding table entry.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first network device determining a second transmission path based on the QoS information for the target data flow comprises:

the first network equipment determines a target priority corresponding to the target data stream;

the first network device determines the actual transmission quality of each transmission path in the plurality of transmission paths when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority;

and the first network equipment determines the second transmission path which meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information from the plurality of transmission paths according to the QoS information and the determined actual transmission quality of each transmission path when the data packet in the data stream of the target priority is transmitted.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first network device determining an actual transmission quality of each of the plurality of transmission paths in transmitting the data packets in the data flow of the target priority comprises:

the first network equipment determines the actual transmission quality of each transmission path when transmitting the data packet in the data stream of the target priority according to the transmission quality table entry of each transmission path; the path quality table entry of each transmission path is used to indicate the actual transmission quality respectively corresponding to each transmission path when each transmission path transmits the data packet in the data stream of at least one priority, where the at least one priority includes the target priority.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the second transmission path is a transmission path having the best actual transmission quality among the plurality of transmission paths determined by the first network device and satisfying the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information.

5. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein after the first network device determines a second forwarding entry for the target data flow according to the second transmission path, the method further comprises:

and the first network equipment saves the second forwarding table entry.

6. The method of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising:

when the first network device determines that the first network device stores the first forwarding table entry, the first network device determines whether the first transmission path meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information;

when the first network device determines that the first transmission path meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the first network device sends the target data packet to the second network device via the first transmission path;

when the first network device determines that the first transmission path does not meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the first network device determines a third transmission path according to QoS information of the target data stream, where the plurality of transmission paths include the third transmission path, and the third transmission path is a transmission path that meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information;

determining a third forwarding table entry of the target data flow according to the third transmission path, where the third forwarding table entry is used to instruct the first network device to send a data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the third transmission path;

and sending the target data packet to the second network equipment according to the third forwarding table entry.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein after the first network device determines a third forwarding entry for the target data flow according to the third transmission path, the method further comprises:

and the first network equipment saves the third forwarding table entry and deletes the first forwarding table entry.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises:

the first network device periodically checking whether the first transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information;

when the first network device determines that the first transmission path does not meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the first network device determines a fourth transmission path according to QoS information of the target data stream, where the plurality of transmission paths include the fourth transmission path, and the fourth transmission path is a transmission path that meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information;

the first network device determines a fourth forwarding table entry of the target data flow according to the fourth transmission path, where the fourth forwarding table entry is used to instruct the first network device to send a data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the fourth transmission path;

and the first network equipment saves the fourth forwarding table entry and deletes the first forwarding table entry.

9. The method of any of claims 1-8, wherein the QoS information comprises at least one of bandwidth, latency, throughput, and packet loss rate.

10. The method of any of claims 1-8, wherein the first forwarding entry includes a flow identification for the target data flow and a path identification for the first transmission path.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first forwarding entry further comprises priority information for the target data flow.

12. A data transmission apparatus, applied to a first network device, comprising:

a receiving module, configured to receive a target data packet, where the target data packet is a data packet sent from the first network device to a second network device; wherein the first network device communicates with the second network device via a plurality of transmission paths;

the processing module is used for determining a target data stream to which the target data packet belongs according to the target data packet; determining whether a first forwarding table entry of the target data flow is stored in the first network device, wherein the first forwarding table entry indicates that the first network device sends a data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via a first transmission path, and the plurality of transmission paths include the first transmission path; when it is determined that the network device does not store the first forwarding table, determining a second transmission path according to quality of service (QoS) information of the target data flow and determining a second forwarding table of the target data flow according to the second transmission path, where the QoS information indicates a required transmission quality in a process of transmitting a data packet belonging to the target data flow from the first network device to the second network device, the second transmission path is a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the plurality of transmission paths include the second transmission path, and the second forwarding table indicates that the first network device sends the data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the second transmission path;

and a sending module, configured to send the target data packet to the second network device according to the second forwarding table entry.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the processing module, when determining the second transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data flow, is specifically configured to:

determining a target priority corresponding to the target data stream;

determining an actual transmission quality of each transmission path in the plurality of transmission paths when transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority;

and according to the QoS information and the determined actual transmission quality of each transmission path in the transmission of the data packet in the data stream of the target priority, determining the second transmission path which meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information from the plurality of transmission paths.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processing module, when determining the actual transmission quality of each of the plurality of transmission paths in transmitting the data packets in the data stream of the target priority, is specifically configured to:

determining the actual transmission quality of each transmission path when transmitting the data packet in the data stream of the target priority according to the transmission quality table entry of each transmission path; the path quality table entry of each transmission path is used to indicate the actual transmission quality respectively corresponding to each transmission path when each transmission path transmits the data packet in the data stream of at least one priority, where the at least one priority includes the target priority.

15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the second transmission path is a transmission path with the best actual transmission quality among the plurality of transmission paths determined by the processing module to satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information.

16. The apparatus of any of claims 12-15, wherein the processing module is further to:

and after a second forwarding table entry of the target data stream is determined according to the second transmission path, saving the second forwarding table entry.

17. The apparatus of any of claims 12-15, wherein the processing module is further to:

when determining that the first forwarding table entry is saved in the network device, determining whether the first transmission path meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information;

the sending module is further configured to: when the processing module determines that the first transmission path meets the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, sending the target data packet to the second network device via the first transmission path;

the processing module is further configured to: determining a third transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data stream when it is determined that the first transmission path does not satisfy the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, the plurality of transmission paths including the third transmission path, the third transmission path being a transmission path that satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information; determining a third forwarding table entry of the target data flow according to the third transmission path, where the third forwarding table entry is used to instruct the network device to send a data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the third transmission path;

the sending module is further configured to: and sending the target data packet to the second network equipment according to the third forwarding table entry.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the processing module is further to:

after determining a third forwarding table entry of the target data stream according to the third transmission path, saving the third forwarding table entry, and deleting the first forwarding table entry.

19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the processing module is further to:

periodically checking whether the first transmission path satisfies the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information;

determining a fourth transmission path according to the QoS information of the target data stream when the first transmission path is determined not to meet the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information, wherein the plurality of transmission paths include the fourth transmission path, and the fourth transmission path is a transmission path meeting the required transmission quality indicated by the QoS information;

determining a fourth forwarding table entry of the target data flow according to the fourth transmission path, where the fourth forwarding table entry is used to instruct the network device to send a data packet belonging to the target data flow to the second network device via the fourth transmission path;

and saving the fourth forwarding table entry and deleting the first forwarding table entry.

20. The apparatus of any of claims 12-19, wherein the QoS information comprises at least one of bandwidth, latency, throughput, and packet loss rate.

21. The apparatus of any of claims 12-19, wherein the first forwarding table entry comprises a flow identification for the target data flow and a path identification for the first transmission path.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the first forwarding entry further comprises priority information for the target data flow.

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