CN111749617A - Directional drilling system and drilling method - Google Patents
Directional drilling system and drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111749617A CN111749617A CN201910238014.XA CN201910238014A CN111749617A CN 111749617 A CN111749617 A CN 111749617A CN 201910238014 A CN201910238014 A CN 201910238014A CN 111749617 A CN111749617 A CN 111749617A
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- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a directional drilling system and a drilling method, wherein the directional drilling system comprises: the device comprises a ground control system, a drill column, a clutch and a downhole orientation tool comprising a parameter measuring device; the drill string is connected with the underground directional tool through the clutch, and the parameter measuring device and the clutch are respectively in communication connection with the ground control system. The ground control system obtains underground engineering parameters in real time through the parameter measuring device, the clutch is controlled to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is determined to be needed according to the underground engineering parameters, the drill string transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool through the clutch to implement the sliding directional drilling, the drilling track of the underground directional tool is adjusted, at the moment, the drill string rotates ceaselessly, the underground directional tool does not move relatively due to the friction between the drill string and the well wall, the friction between the drill string and the well wall is reduced, the pressure supporting phenomenon is restrained, the drilling efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the drilling cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration, in particular to a drilling system and a drilling method.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
With the continuous development of the petroleum industry and the continuous increase of the difficulty of oil-gas exploration and development, the petroleum exploration and development industry has gradually turned to the development of oil-gas reservoirs with thinner oil layers, poorer physical properties, strong heterogeneity and other difficulties, and the application of complex structure wells such as large-displacement directional wells, ultra-thin oil layer horizontal wells, multi-branch directional wells and the like is increased year by year. In the construction process of the special process wells, the properties of rock formations drilled by the drill bit need to be mastered in time, and the reservoir stratum needs to be quickly and accurately found, so that a constructor is guided to control the drill bit to pass through the reservoir stratum all the time, and the exposed area of the reservoir stratum is improved to the maximum extent.
Directional wells are one of the most advanced drilling techniques in the world's field of oil exploration and development today and have become the primary means of oil field development on land and offshore. The directional well is a well drilling method for drilling a well bore to a target layer along a pre-designed well deviation and azimuth, namely, a directional well drilling system (mainly comprising a downhole directional tool, a measuring instrument, a short joint and the like) and a process technology are adopted to effectively control a well bore track, so that a drill bit can drill to a preset underground target along a specific direction. The adoption of the directional well technology can economically and effectively develop oil gas resources with limited ground and underground conditions, improve the oil gas yield and reduce the drilling cost, is favorable for protecting the natural environment, and has remarkable economic and social benefits.
In the directional operation of controlling the track of a directional well borehole in the process of underground drilling, the conventional directional drilling system is easily influenced by the accumulation of rock debris, and the friction between an upper drill string and the borehole wall is large, so that the drilling efficiency is seriously influenced. On the other hand, the existing directional drilling system has a very complex structure and higher drilling cost.
Therefore, the existing directional drilling system has the problems of high drilling cost and low drilling efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a directional drilling system, which is used for reducing drilling cost and improving drilling efficiency and comprises:
the device comprises a ground control system, a drill column, a clutch and a downhole orientation tool comprising a parameter measuring device;
the drill string is connected with the underground directional tool through the clutch, and the parameter measuring device and the clutch are respectively in communication connection with the ground control system;
the ground control system obtains underground engineering parameters in real time through the parameter measuring device, controls the clutch to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters, transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool through the clutch to implement the sliding directional drilling, and adjusts the drilling track of the underground directional tool.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a drilling method for reducing the drilling cost and improving the drilling efficiency, which comprises the following steps:
the parameter measuring device acquires underground engineering parameters in real time and sends the underground engineering parameters to the ground control system;
the ground control system determines that the clutch is controlled to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters;
the drill string transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool through the clutch to implement sliding directional drilling, and the drilling track of the underground directional tool is adjusted.
In the embodiment of the invention, the directional drilling system comprises a ground control system, a drill column, a clutch and a downhole directional tool comprising a parameter measuring device; the drill string is connected with the underground directional tool through the clutch, and the parameter measuring device and the clutch are respectively in communication connection with the ground control system. According to the embodiment of the invention, the ground control system obtains the underground engineering parameters in real time through the parameter measuring device, the clutch is controlled to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters, the drill string transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool through the clutch to implement the sliding directional drilling, the drilling track of the underground directional tool is adjusted, the drill string continuously rotates at the moment, the underground directional tool does not move relatively due to the friction with the well wall, the friction between the drill string and the well wall is reduced, the occurrence of the pressure supporting phenomenon is inhibited, the drilling efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent, and the drilling cost can be reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a directional drilling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Although the present invention provides the method operation steps or apparatus structures as shown in the following embodiments or figures, more or less operation steps or module units may be included in the method or apparatus based on conventional or non-inventive labor. In the case of steps or structures which do not logically have the necessary cause and effect relationship, the execution order of the steps or the block structure of the apparatus is not limited to the execution order or the block structure shown in the embodiment or the drawings of the present invention. The described methods or modular structures, when applied in an actual device or end product, may be executed sequentially or in parallel according to embodiments or the methods or modular structures shown in the figures.
The drilling string does not rotate during drilling by traditional sliding guide, because partial drilling string is attached to the wall of a well and is rubbed and hindered greatly, especially in wide-angle inclined well or horizontal well, large displacement well, there is a detritus bed at the bottom edge of the well, has both increased the friction of drilling string and the wall of a well, leads to the well to purify badly again, even has difficult footage because of the backing pressure is serious, leads to current drilling efficiency lower, and the cost of drilling simultaneously is also than higher.
In order to overcome the defects of high drilling cost and low drilling efficiency in the prior art, the applicant of the invention provides a directional drilling system and a drilling method, wherein the directional drilling system comprises a surface control system 11, a drill string 12, a clutch 13 and a downhole directional tool 14 comprising a parameter measuring device 141; the drill string 12 is connected to the downhole direction tool 14 via the clutch 13, and the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are each communicatively connected to the surface control system 11. The surface control system 11 obtains the underground engineering parameters in real time through the parameter measuring device 141, controls the clutch 13 to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters, transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool 14 through the clutch 13 by the drill string 12 to implement the sliding directional drilling, and adjusts the drilling track of the underground directional tool 14. At the moment, the drill string 12 rotates continuously, and the underground directional tool 14 does not move relatively due to friction with the well wall, so that friction between the drill string 12 and the well wall is reduced, the occurrence of a pressure supporting phenomenon is inhibited, the drilling efficiency is improved to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the drilling cost can be reduced.
Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a directional drilling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a directional drilling system, comprising:
a surface control system 11, a drill string 12, a clutch 13, and a downhole directional tool 14 including a parameter measurement device 141.
The drill string 12 is connected to the downhole direction tool 14 via the clutch 13, and the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are each communicatively connected to the surface control system 11.
The ground control system 11 obtains the underground engineering parameters in real time through the parameter measuring device 141, controls the clutch 13 to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters, transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool 14 through the clutch 13 by the drill string 12 to implement the sliding directional drilling, and adjusts the drilling track of the underground directional tool 14.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ground control system 11 may be a control room including a console and a display. The control console performs centralized control on the directional drilling system, and the display is used for displaying the state, parameters and the like of the directional drilling system. In addition, the ground control system 11 may also be a control cabinet including a display screen, and the like, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The ground control system 11 is in communication connection with the parameter measuring device 141, and acquires the underground engineering parameters from the parameter measuring device 141 in real time; the surface control system 11 is also communicatively coupled to the clutch 13 and controls engagement and disengagement of the clutch 13 based on the downhole engineering parameters obtained in real time from the parameter measurement device 141. That is, the surface control system 11 compares the downhole engineering parameters with the pre-set drilling trajectory to determine whether the clutch 13 needs to be controlled.
In an embodiment of the invention, the directional drilling system further comprises a drill string 12 driving device for driving the drill string 12 to rotate, wherein the drill string 12 driving device comprises a rotary drilling table or a top drive system (top drive for short).
When the ground control system 11 determines that the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters, the ground control system 11 sends a separation instruction to the clutch 13 to control the clutch 13 to separate, the drill string 12 continuously rotates under the driving of the drill string 12 driving device, the underground directional tool 14 does not relatively rotate due to friction between the underground directional tool and a well wall, the drill string 12 transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool 14 through the clutch 13 to implement the sliding directional drilling, the drilling angle of the underground directional tool 14 is adjusted, and whether the face angle of the tool reaches a proper angle is observed in real time, so that the drilling track of the underground directional tool 14 is adjusted, and the sliding directional drilling is implemented. The drilling mode reduces the friction between the drill string 12 and the well wall to the maximum extent, can inhibit the occurrence of the pressure supporting phenomenon, improves the footage efficiency to the maximum extent, namely improves the drilling efficiency, and can reduce the drilling cost at the same time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the surface control system 11 is further configured to control the clutch 13 to engage when it is determined that slip directional drilling is not required based on the downhole engineering parameters, and the drill string 12 is integrated with the downhole directional tool 14 for drilling.
When the surface control system 11 determines that the sliding directional drilling is not needed according to the underground engineering parameters, which indicates that the directional drilling is not needed at this time, the surface control system 11 sends an engagement command to the clutch 13 to control the engagement of the clutch 13, at this time, due to the engagement of the clutch 13, the drill string 12 and the underground directional tool 14 are connected into a whole, the action and the effect are the same as those of a common drill pipe, and the drill string 12 and the underground directional tool 14 synchronously rotate under the driving of a drill string 12 driving device to realize the conventional drilling.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the clutch 13 includes an electromagnetic clutch or a hydraulic clutch. The electromagnetic clutch is a friction clutch which generates pressing force by electromagnetic force, and has the advantages of remote control, small control energy, convenient machine tool automation realization, quick action and simple structure, thereby being widely applied. The hydraulic clutch can automatically compensate the abrasion of the friction element by depending on the stroke, and is easy to realize serialization and standardization; in addition, the hydraulic clutch has no impact and smooth starting and reversing.
In an embodiment of the invention, the downhole engineering parameters comprise one or more of: angle of hole, azimuth, toolface angle, weight on bit, and torque.
Downhole engineering parameters are typically characterized while drilling by the angle of inclination, azimuth, toolface angle, etc. Wherein the well angle is the angle between the axis of the well and the plumb line. Azimuth is the angle between the projection of the well axis on the horizontal plane and north (clockwise positive and counterclockwise negative when viewed from above). The tool face angle is complex, being the angle at which the tool face of the whipstock lies, and is divided into the gravity tool face angle and the magnetic tool face angle. The gravity tool face angle is an angle rotated by taking a gravity direction line as a starting edge and clockwise rotating to an intersection line of a tool face and a circular plane of the well bottom; the magnetic tool face angle is an angle rotated by a projection line of an intersection line of the tool face and a well bottom circular plane on a horizontal plane clockwise by taking a positive north direction line as a starting edge. The magnetic tool surface is adopted when the small well is inclined, and the gravity tool surface is adopted when the large well is inclined.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter measuring device 141 includes any one of the following: logging-while-drilling devices and measurement-while-drilling devices.
The Logging-While-Drilling device (LWD for short) generally measures physical parameters of formation rocks during Drilling, and sends the measurement results to the ground in real time by a data telemetry system for processing. Due to the limitations of current data transmission techniques, large amounts of data are stored in the memory of downhole tools and played back after tripping. Measurement While Drilling (MWD) is generally referred to as Measurement of Drilling engineering parameters, such as inclination angle, azimuth angle, tool face angle, and the like. Sometimes, MWD refers broadly to downhole measurements of all drilling parameters while drilling.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are respectively connected to the ground control system 11 in communication by any one of the following methods: the magnetic coupling has cable drilling string, electromagnetic wave, sound wave and stress wave.
Magnetic coupling means that the current change of one coil generates induced electromotive forces in adjacent coils, which are electrically independent from each other, and the mutual influence is related by magnetic fields, and is electronically called magnetic coupling. The parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are here in communication with the surface control system 11 via a magnetically coupled cabled drill string, respectively.
In addition, the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 can also be connected with the ground control system 11 through electromagnetic waves, sound waves and stress waves. The electromagnetic wave is an oscillatory particle wave which is derived and emitted in space by an electric field and a magnetic field which are the same and perpendicular to each other, is an electromagnetic field which propagates in a wave form and has the particle duality. Sound waves refer to the propagation of vibrations generated by a sound producing body in air or other substances, called sound waves. The particle where the acoustic wave arrives vibrates near the equilibrium location along the direction of propagation, which is essentially the transfer of energy in the medium. Stress wave, means that the stress wave is a propagating form of stress and strain disturbance. Mechanical perturbations in a deformable solid medium are manifested as changes in particle velocity and corresponding changes in stress and strain states. The change in stress, strain state propagates as a wave, called a stress wave.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are respectively connected to the ground control system 11 in a communication manner by any one of the following methods, including:
the parameter measuring device 141 is in communication connection with the surface control system 11 through a drilling fluid pulse sequence, and the clutch 13 is in communication connection with the surface control system 11 through a switching pump sequence.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the parameter measuring device 141 transmits the downhole engineering parameters acquired in real time to the surface control system 11 in real time through a drilling fluid pulse sequence (uplink), for example, the drilling fluid pulse sequence may be received through a mud pulse nipple; the surface control system 11 controls the engagement and disengagement of the clutch 13 by sending an engagement command or a disengagement command to the clutch 13 through a switching pump sequence (downstream).
In an embodiment of the invention, the directional drilling system further comprises a core splined to the clutch 13 for keeping drilling fluid free, both when the clutch 13 is in the engaged or disengaged state.
In an embodiment of the invention, the directional drilling system comprises a surface control system 11, a drill string 12, a clutch 13 and a downhole directional tool 14 comprising a parameter measuring device 141; the drill string 12 is connected to the downhole direction tool 14 via the clutch 13, and the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are each communicatively connected to the surface control system 11. According to the embodiment of the invention, the ground control system 11 obtains the underground engineering parameters in real time through the parameter measuring device 141, the clutch 13 is controlled to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is determined to be needed according to the underground engineering parameters, the drill string 12 transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool 14 through the clutch 13 to implement the sliding directional drilling, the drilling track of the underground directional tool 14 is adjusted, at the moment, the drill string 12 rotates ceaselessly, and the underground directional tool 14 does not move relatively due to the friction with the well wall, so that the friction between the drill string 12 and the well wall is reduced, the occurrence of the pressure supporting phenomenon is inhibited, the drilling efficiency is improved to the maximum extent, and the drilling cost can be reduced.
The directional drilling system capable of locking the rotation of the body of the downhole directional tool 14 has the functions of separating the rotary drill string 12 from the static drill string 12, can eliminate the blockage of the rock debris of a well bore to the maximum extent in the sliding directional drilling process, and avoids the defects of the traditional process. The directional drilling system only needs to control the engagement and the disengagement of the clutch 13 according to the underground engineering parameters acquired by the parameter measuring device 141 in real time, adjust the tool face angle, realize the rapid inclination increasing and inclination reducing, effectively control the track quality of the well, improve the drilling speed and the drilling efficiency, and simultaneously can reduce the drilling cost.
Fig. 2 illustrates a flow of implementing the drilling method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are illustrated, and the detailed description is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, a method of drilling a well, comprising:
in step 203, the drill string 12 transmits the weight on bit to the downhole directional tool 14 through the clutch 13 to implement sliding directional drilling, and the drilling trajectory of the downhole directional tool 14 is adjusted.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ground control system 11 may be a control room including a console and a display. The control console performs centralized control on the directional drilling system, and the display is used for displaying the state, parameters and the like of the directional drilling system. In addition, the ground control system 11 may also be a control cabinet including a display screen, and the like, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The ground control system 11 is in communication connection with the parameter measuring device 141, and acquires the underground engineering parameters from the parameter measuring device 141 in real time; the surface control system 11 is also communicatively coupled to the clutch 13 and controls engagement and disengagement of the clutch 13 based on the downhole engineering parameters obtained in real time from the parameter measurement device 141. That is, the surface control system 11 compares the downhole engineering parameters with the pre-set drilling trajectory to determine whether the clutch 13 needs to be controlled.
In an embodiment of the invention, the directional drilling system further comprises a drill string 12 driving device for driving the drill string 12 to rotate, wherein the drill string 12 driving device comprises a rotary drilling table or a top drive system (top drive for short).
When the ground control system 11 determines that the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters, the ground control system 11 sends a separation instruction to the clutch 13 to control the clutch 13 to separate, the drill string 12 continuously rotates under the driving of the drill string 12 driving device, the underground directional tool 14 does not relatively rotate due to friction between the underground directional tool and a well wall, the drill string 12 transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool 14 through the clutch 13 to implement the sliding directional drilling, the drilling angle of the underground directional tool 14 is adjusted, and whether the face angle of the tool reaches a proper angle is observed in real time, so that the drilling track of the underground directional tool 14 is adjusted, and the sliding directional drilling is implemented. The drilling mode reduces the friction between the drill string 12 and the well wall to the maximum extent, can inhibit the occurrence of the pressure supporting phenomenon, improves the footage efficiency to the maximum extent, namely improves the drilling efficiency, and can reduce the drilling cost at the same time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to further improve the drilling efficiency and reduce the drilling cost, on the basis of the above method steps, the drilling method further includes:
the method comprises the following steps: the surface control system 11 determines that the slip directional drilling is not required based on the downhole engineering parameters and controls the clutch 13 to engage so that the drill string 12 and the downhole directional tool 14 are connected together for drilling.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the surface control system 11 determines that the sliding directional drilling is not needed according to the downhole engineering parameters, which indicates that the directional drilling is not needed at this time, the surface control system 11 sends an engagement command to the clutch 13 to control the engagement of the clutch 13, at this time, due to the engagement of the clutch 13, the drill string 12 and the downhole directional tool 14 are connected into a whole, the action and the effect are the same as those of a common drill pipe, and the drill string 12 and the downhole directional tool 14 synchronously rotate under the driving of the drill string 12 driving device to realize the conventional drilling.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the clutch 13 includes an electromagnetic clutch or a hydraulic clutch. The electromagnetic clutch is a friction clutch which generates pressing force by electromagnetic force, and has the advantages of remote control, small control energy, convenient machine tool automation realization, quick action and simple structure, thereby being widely applied. The hydraulic clutch can automatically compensate the abrasion of the friction element by depending on the stroke, and is easy to realize serialization and standardization; in addition, the hydraulic clutch has no impact and smooth starting and reversing.
In an embodiment of the invention, the downhole engineering parameters comprise one or more of: angle of hole, azimuth, toolface angle, weight on bit, and torque.
Downhole engineering parameters are typically characterized while drilling by the angle of inclination, azimuth, toolface angle, etc. Wherein the well angle is the angle between the axis of the well and the plumb line. Azimuth is the angle between the projection of the well axis on the horizontal plane and north (clockwise positive and counterclockwise negative when viewed from above). The tool face angle is complex, being the angle at which the tool face of the whipstock lies, and is divided into the gravity tool face angle and the magnetic tool face angle. The gravity tool face angle is an angle rotated by taking a gravity direction line as a starting edge and clockwise rotating to an intersection line of a tool face and a circular plane of the well bottom; the magnetic tool face angle is an angle rotated by a projection line of an intersection line of the tool face and a well bottom circular plane on a horizontal plane clockwise by taking a positive north direction line as a starting edge. The magnetic tool surface is adopted when the small well is inclined, and the gravity tool surface is adopted when the large well is inclined.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter measuring device 141 includes any one of the following: logging-while-drilling devices and measurement-while-drilling devices.
The Logging-While-Drilling device (LWD for short) generally measures physical parameters of formation rocks during Drilling, and sends the measurement results to the ground in real time by a data telemetry system for processing. Due to the limitations of current data transmission techniques, large amounts of data are stored in the memory of downhole tools and played back after tripping. Measurement While Drilling (MWD) is generally referred to as Measurement of Drilling engineering parameters, such as inclination angle, azimuth angle, tool face angle, and the like. Sometimes, MWD refers broadly to downhole measurements of all drilling parameters while drilling.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are respectively connected to the ground control system 11 in communication by any one of the following methods: the magnetic coupling has cable drilling string, electromagnetic wave, sound wave and stress wave.
Magnetic coupling means that the current change of one coil generates induced electromotive forces in adjacent coils, which are electrically independent from each other, and the mutual influence is related by magnetic fields, and is electronically called magnetic coupling. The parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are here in communication with the surface control system 11 via a magnetically coupled cabled drill string, respectively.
In addition, the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 can also be connected with the ground control system 11 through electromagnetic waves, sound waves and stress waves. The electromagnetic wave is an oscillatory particle wave which is derived and emitted in space by an electric field and a magnetic field which are the same and perpendicular to each other, is an electromagnetic field which propagates in a wave form and has the particle duality. Sound waves refer to the propagation of vibrations generated by a sound producing body in air or other substances, called sound waves. The particle where the acoustic wave arrives vibrates near the equilibrium location along the direction of propagation, which is essentially the transfer of energy in the medium. Stress wave, means that the stress wave is a propagating form of stress and strain disturbance. Mechanical perturbations in a deformable solid medium are manifested as changes in particle velocity and corresponding changes in stress and strain states. The change in stress, strain state propagates as a wave, called a stress wave.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are respectively connected to the ground control system 11 in a communication manner by any one of the following methods, including:
the parameter measuring device 141 is in communication connection with the surface control system 11 through a drilling fluid pulse sequence, and the clutch 13 is in communication connection with the surface control system 11 through a switching pump sequence.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the parameter measuring device 141 transmits the downhole engineering parameters acquired in real time to the surface control system 11 in real time through a drilling fluid pulse sequence (uplink), and the surface control system 11 sends an engagement instruction or a disengagement instruction to the clutch 13 through a switching pump sequence (downlink) to control engagement and disengagement of the clutch 13.
In an embodiment of the invention, the directional drilling system further comprises a core splined to the clutch 13 for keeping drilling fluid free, both when the clutch 13 is in the engaged or disengaged state.
In summary, the directional drilling system in the embodiment of the present invention includes a surface control system 11, a drill string 12, a clutch 13, and a downhole directional tool 14 including a parameter measuring device 141; the drill string 12 is connected to the downhole direction tool 14 via the clutch 13, and the parameter measuring device 141 and the clutch 13 are each communicatively connected to the surface control system 11. According to the embodiment of the invention, the ground control system 11 obtains the underground engineering parameters in real time through the parameter measuring device 141, the clutch 13 is controlled to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is determined to be needed according to the underground engineering parameters, the drill string 12 transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool 14 through the clutch 13 to implement the sliding directional drilling, the drilling track of the underground directional tool 14 is adjusted, at the moment, the drill string 12 rotates ceaselessly, and the underground directional tool 14 does not move relatively due to the friction with the well wall, so that the friction between the drill string 12 and the well wall is reduced, the occurrence of the pressure supporting phenomenon is inhibited, the drilling efficiency is improved to the maximum extent, and the drilling cost can be reduced.
According to the directional drilling system provided by the invention, when the ground control system 11 determines that sliding directional drilling is needed according to underground engineering parameters acquired from the parameter measuring device 141 in real time, the clutch 13 is controlled to be separated, and at the moment, the drill string 12 is continuously rotated under the driving of the drill string 12 driving device, so that the friction between the drill string 12 and a well wall is reduced, drill cuttings are prevented from being accumulated, and the drilling efficiency is improved to the maximum extent; in addition, the downhole direction tool 14 has no relative movement due to friction with the borehole wall, and can perform inclination increasing/decreasing, and also can stabilize the inclination (i.e. keep the original inclination angle unchanged) according to the received instruction.
The directional drilling system provided by the invention is compatible with the advantages of various communication modes, is flexible and various and is not restricted by unconventional drilling modes. In addition, the parameter measuring device 141 can transmit the underground engineering parameters in real time, and the ground control system 11 controls the engagement and the disengagement of the clutch 13 according to the acquired underground engineering parameters, so as to realize the sliding directional drilling.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A directional drilling system, comprising:
the device comprises a ground control system, a drill column, a clutch and a downhole orientation tool comprising a parameter measuring device;
the drill string is connected with the underground directional tool through the clutch, and the parameter measuring device and the clutch are respectively in communication connection with the ground control system;
the ground control system obtains underground engineering parameters in real time through the parameter measuring device, controls the clutch to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters, transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool through the clutch to implement the sliding directional drilling, and adjusts the drilling track of the underground directional tool.
2. The directional drilling system as recited in claim 1, wherein said surface control system is further configured to control clutch engagement when it is determined from said downhole engineering parameters that slip directional drilling is not required, and wherein the drill string is integrated with the downhole directional tool for drilling.
3. The directional drilling system of claim 1, wherein the clutch comprises an electromagnetic clutch or a hydraulic clutch.
4. The directional drilling system of claim 1, wherein the downhole engineering parameters comprise one or more of: angle of hole, azimuth, toolface angle, weight on bit, and torque.
5. The directional drilling system as recited in claim 1, wherein said parameter measuring device comprises any of: logging-while-drilling devices and measurement-while-drilling devices.
6. The directional drilling system as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameter measurement device and the clutch are each communicatively coupled to said surface control system by any of: the magnetic coupling has cable drilling string, electromagnetic wave, sound wave and stress wave.
7. The directional drilling system as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameter measurement device and the clutch are each communicatively coupled to the surface control system by any of the following means, including:
the parameter measuring device is in communication connection with the ground control system through a drilling fluid pulse sequence, and the clutch is in communication connection with the ground control system through a switching pump sequence.
8. A method of drilling a well for use in a directional drilling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
the parameter measuring device acquires underground engineering parameters in real time and sends the underground engineering parameters to the ground control system;
the ground control system determines that the clutch is controlled to be separated when the sliding directional drilling is needed according to the underground engineering parameters;
the drill string transmits the bit pressure to the underground directional tool through the clutch to implement sliding directional drilling, and the drilling track of the underground directional tool is adjusted.
9. The method of drilling of claim 8, further comprising:
and the ground control system determines that the clutch is engaged when the sliding directional drilling is not needed according to the underground engineering parameters, and the drill string and the underground directional tool are connected into a whole for drilling.
10. The method of drilling of claim 8, wherein the clutch comprises an electromagnetic clutch or a hydraulic clutch.
11. The drilling method of claim 8, wherein the downhole engineering parameters include one or more of: angle of hole, azimuth, toolface angle, weight on bit, and torque.
12. The method of drilling of claim 8, wherein the parameter measurement device comprises any one of: logging-while-drilling devices and measurement-while-drilling devices.
13. The method of drilling of claim 8, wherein the parameter measurement device and the clutch are each communicatively coupled to the surface control system by any of: the magnetic coupling has cable drilling string, electromagnetic wave, sound wave and stress wave.
14. The method of drilling of claim 8, wherein the parameter measuring device and the clutch are each communicatively coupled to the surface control system by any one of:
the parameter measuring device is in communication connection with the ground control system through a drilling fluid pulse sequence, and the clutch is in communication connection with the ground control system through a switching pump sequence.
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