CN111748869A - Preparation process of novel bio-based chinlon material with chinlon 56 as main body - Google Patents
Preparation process of novel bio-based chinlon material with chinlon 56 as main body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111748869A CN111748869A CN202010618735.6A CN202010618735A CN111748869A CN 111748869 A CN111748869 A CN 111748869A CN 202010618735 A CN202010618735 A CN 202010618735A CN 111748869 A CN111748869 A CN 111748869A
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- 229920006052 Chinlon® Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920006118 nylon 56 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006021 bio-based polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002483 Cu Ka Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003189 Nylon 4,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000980 acid dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006111 poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009988 textile finishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/04—Melting filament-forming substances
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
- D01D1/09—Control of pressure, temperature or feeding rate
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
- D01D10/02—Heat treatment
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/26—Formation of staple fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/106—Radiation shielding agents, e.g. absorbing, reflecting agents
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation process of a novel bio-based nylon material with nylon 56 as a main body, which comprises the following steps: 1) carrying out polymerization reaction on the bio-based chinlon 56 salt water solution to obtain a chinlon 56 polymer, and cooling and dicing to obtain chinlon 56 slices; 2) respectively vacuum-drying the polyamide 56 slices prepared in the step 1) and other polyamide slices, blending to obtain mixed slices, carrying out melt spinning, and carrying out spinning post-processing to obtain the novel polyamide material. The novel nylon material (1) prepared by the invention has biodegradability and is beneficial to long-term development; (2) the paint has high strength, wear resistance, flame retardance and excellent dyeing property; (3) can be applied to environments with higher temperature, humidity, voltage and the like, and is safe and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of spinning, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a novel nylon material with bio-based nylon 56 as a main body for blending.
Background
The repeating unit (monomer) of the Polyamide (PA) has an amide group as a characteristic feature. The polyamide fiber is also called nylon, chinlon and the like, is the second largest synthetic fiber with the yield being second to polyester fiber, and has good market prospect in the fields of military products, ropes, nets, ropes, tarpaulins, industrial filter cloth, high-grade sewing thread silk, T-shirt silk, umbrella fabric, sports textiles and the like due to the characteristics of high breaking strength, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, impact resistance, good dimensional stability, light weight, softness, good drapability, air permeability, moisture absorption, good elasticity and the like.
Polyamide materials are prepared by a condensation reaction between a diamine and a diacid. Polyamide fibers are basically prepared from petroleum and derivatives thereof, such as polyamide 6 and polyamide 66 which are the largest in market quantity at present, caprolactam and adipic acid which are raw materials are prepared by a series of reactions such as hydrogenation and reoxidation of benzene homologues, and hexamethylene diamine is prepared by synthesizing adiponitrile from butadiene or acrylonitrile and then by a catalytic hydrogenation method, so that the whole synthesis process is complex and has certain pollution.
The bio-based polyamide 56 is a novel bio-based fiber which is prepared from raw materials of crops, trees and other plants and residues and inclusions thereof through biological, chemical and physical means and has excellent mechanical property and biodegradability. The polyamide 56 is similar to the polyamide 66 in the aspects of oil resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, high strength, self-lubrication and the like, and is superior to the polyamide 6, but the polyamide 56 and the polyamide 66 have certain differences in performance due to the difference in molecular structures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel nylon material with bio-based nylon 56 as a main body and a preparation process thereof.
The preparation process of the novel nylon material with the bio-based nylon 56 as the main body comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out polymerization reaction on the bio-based chinlon 56 salt water solution to obtain a chinlon 56 polymer, and cooling and dicing to obtain chinlon 56 slices;
2) respectively vacuum-drying the polyamide 56 slices prepared in the step 1) and other polyamide slices, blending to obtain mixed slices, carrying out melt spinning, and carrying out spinning post-processing to obtain the novel polyamide material.
In the process step 1), the bio-based chinlon 56 dry salt in the bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution is prepared by the neutralization reaction of bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine and adipic acid;
the bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine can be prepared by a biological method; specifically, lysine can be biologically fermented, and the bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine is obtained after distillation purification;
the mass percentage content of the bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution can be 20-80%, and specifically can be 50%;
the pH value of the bio-based chinlon 56 salt water solution can be 7.5-8.2; specifically, it may be 7.85 or 7.8;
the process step 1) can also further comprise the steps of firstly feeding the prepared chinlon 56 salt water solution into a salt solution preparation tank, adding an auxiliary agent into the salt solution preparation tank, and then carrying out a polymerization process;
auxiliary agents can be added into the salt solution preparation tank according to different required products;
the auxiliary agent can be a molecular weight regulator, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, an antibacterial finishing agent, an anti-ultraviolet finishing agent, a delustering agent and the like, and the textile finishing auxiliary agent can be added in the step;
the addition amount of the auxiliary agent can be adjusted according to the required product, and can be 0.2-2% of the dry salt mass of the bio-based chinlon 56.
The polymerization reaction in the above process step 1) comprises the following operations: concentrating the saline solution of the bio-based nylon 56 obtained in the step 1), carrying out prepolymerization reaction on the concentrated saline solution, decompressing after the prepolymerization reaction is finished, allowing the solution to enter a pre-polymerizer for reaction, allowing the solution to enter a post-polymerizer for reaction, thus finishing the polymerization reaction to obtain a melt of the bio-based nylon 56 polymer, cooling the melt, and cutting the melt by a granulator to obtain bio-based nylon 56 slices.
The prepolymerization reaction is carried out in a magnetic force driven high-pressure kettle (U-shaped reactor);
the conditions in the magnetically driven autoclave (U-reactor) can be set as: the temperature is 210-240 ℃, the pressure is 1.7-1.9 MPa, and the time is 1-3 h.
The decompression is to release the pressure in the reactor in a flash evaporator, and the temperature in the flash evaporator is increased to 260-270 ℃;
in the pre-polymerization process, the temperature is 260-290 ℃, and the mixture is stirred for 30-60 min to obtain a polymer with the polymerization degree close to that of a finished product;
in the post-polymerizer process, the temperature is 260-290 ℃, a vacuum pump is started to pump vacuum and stir for 5-20 min, water in the system is discharged, a bio-based chinlon 56 polymer melt is obtained, and after cooling, the bio-based chinlon 56 slice is obtained by cutting through a granulator.
In the above step 2), the other polyamide chips include: one or a mixture of nylon 6, nylon 8, nylon 9, nylon 66, nylon 69, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 46, nylon 1010 and nylon 6T in any proportion. The mass percentage content of the bio-based chinlon 56 slices in the mixed slices can be 40-90%;
different slices are respectively dried in vacuum, and the drying conditions can be as follows: firstly, drying for 3.5-4.5 h at 90-95 ℃, then drying for 2.5-3.5 h at 95-120 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 3-6 h at 130-140 ℃. Dried slices contained water: 700 to 1300 ppm; the melt index is 23-24 g/10 min; the melting point is 248-255 ℃; the index range of the mixed slices after blending is as follows: viscosity index: 120-150 ml/g;
the melt spinning process comprises the following steps: and conveying the mixed chips into a spinning manifold, heating and melting, then spinning to obtain melt trickle, cooling and solidifying the melt trickle to form filaments, oiling and winding the solidified filaments for forming, and then spinning and post-processing.
Wherein the conveying speed of the mixed slices is 25-40 kg/h, and specifically can be 30 kg/h;
the spinning box temperature was: the temperature of a first area of the spinning box body is 240-290 ℃, the temperature of a second area is 240-290 ℃, the temperature of a third area is 240-290 ℃, the temperature of a metering pump is 240-290 ℃, the temperature of a spinning assembly is 240-290 ℃, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 8-16 rpm;
in the spinning box body, the blended slice melt is distributed through a pipeline and conveyed to each spinning nozzle with equal residence time and pressure drop; the spinning speed is 300 m/min-4300 m/min.
The melt thin stream is cooled and formed by a side blowing device, and the cooling conditions are as follows: wind pressure: 320-440 Pa; a branch air duct: 30-60 Pa; side-blown wind speed: 40-45 m/min; wind temperature: 21-26 ℃;
oiling the solidified and formed strand silk by an oiling device, and winding by a winding machine;
the winding speed of the winder can be 300-1100 m/min, and the concentration of the oil agent can be as follows: 1 to 5 percent.
And (4) spinning the oiled and wound strand silk and then processing.
The post-spinning processing is different according to the process that the prepared fiber is filament or short fiber;
when preparing the filament, the post-processing steps sequentially comprise the steps of strand drafting, heat setting, bundling, winding, cooling and drying to obtain the novel chinlon 56 filament;
when preparing short fibers, the post-processing steps sequentially comprise the steps of strand silk drafting, heat setting, bundling, curling, cooling, drying and cutting to obtain the novel nylon 56 short fibers;
the drafting is primary drafting, secondary drafting or multi-stage drafting, is not limited, and can be increased or decreased according to the product performance requirement;
the conditions of the drawing were as follows: the temperature of one roller can be 60-80 ℃; the temperature of the two rollers can be 150-190 ℃; the temperature of the three rollers can be 150-190 ℃; the drafting multiplying power can be first-grade 2.00-5.50 times, and specifically can be 2.5-3.5 times; the second level is 1.01-1.10 times;
the heat setting can be steam heat setting, hot plate setting, water bath heat setting and the like, and can be carried out at the temperature of 150-190 ℃.
When the prepared blended fiber is a filament, the winding speed is 500-1000 m/min;
when the prepared blended fiber is short fiber, the crimping temperature can be 60-90 ℃, the speed can be 300-350 m/min, and the number of crimps can be 10-30.
The technical parameters of the novel blended polyamide fiber prepared by the invention are as follows:
the novel blended polyamide fiber (blended bio-based polyamide fiber) prepared by the invention has higher strength, wear resistance, flame retardance and excellent dyeability, and the limited oxygen index of the novel blended polyamide fiber is increased to 30-35%; when the yarn is a filament, the breaking strength is 3.5-12.0 cN/dtex, the melting point is 230-255 ℃, the crystallinity is 45-70%, and the moisture regain is 3.5-8%; when the fiber is short fiber, the breaking strength is 3.0-7.5 cN/dtex, the melting point is 230-255 ℃, the crystallinity is 45-70%, and the moisture regain is 3.5-6%.
The invention relates to a novel nylon material prepared by blending bio-based nylon 56 material serving as a main body with different varieties of nylon fibers. The novel nylon material prepared by the invention has the following advantages that (1) the nylon material has biodegradability and is beneficial to long-term development; (2) has higher strength, wear resistance, flame retardance and comfort; (3) the device can be suitable for places with higher temperature, humidity and voltage, and is safe and environment-friendly; (4) the dyeing property of the polyamide filament and staple fiber prepared by the invention is further improved compared with that of the common polyamide fiber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the invention for preparing novel nylon fiber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; reagents, materials and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The test methods employed in the following examples are as follows:
the test method comprises the following steps:
1. strength and elongation: the breaking strength and the breaking elongation are tested according to GB/T14337-2008;
2. the limiting oxygen index is tested according to GB/T5454-1997;
3. differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to measure fiber melting point;
x-ray test of fiber crystallinity: the test was carried out using a wide-angle X-ray diffractometer (Paronaceae, the Netherlands, Instrument model: Empyrean). Testing parameters: Cu-Ka is an X-ray light source (lambda is 0.1542nm), the working voltage is 40KV, the working current is 200mA, the scanning range is 5-55 degrees, and the scanning speed is 3 degrees/min.
5. The moisture regain is tested according to GB/T6503-2008.
Example 1 preparation of Nylon 56/Nylon 66 blend Material
Preparing 50% bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution, and measuring the pH value of the bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution to be 7.85. The prepared bio-based chinlon 56 salt water solution is injected into a reactor (a magnetic drive high-pressure kettle (U-shaped reactor)), and the pressure is maintained for 2.5h under the conditions that the temperature is 240 ℃ and the pressure is 1.8 MPa. And then releasing the pressure in the reactor in a flash evaporator, stirring for 40min when the temperature is increased to 270 ℃, the pre-polymerization temperature is 282 ℃, vacuumizing to reduce the system pressure to-0.08 MPa and continuously stirring for 10min in a vacuum state to obtain a polyamide 56 polymer melt, cooling with cold water, and cutting by a granulator to obtain polyamide 56 chips. The bio-based chinlon 56 slices and the chinlon 66 slices are respectively dried in a vacuum environment, and the specific conditions are as follows: drying at 90 deg.C for 4 hr, heating to 95 deg.C, drying for 3 hr, and maintaining at 130 deg.C for 5 hr. And then fully blending the two slices according to a proportion, wherein the mass percentage of the bio-based chinlon 56 slice is 50%, and inputting the bio-based chinlon 56 slice into a spinning manifold at a speed of 30kg/h for feeding melt spinning to obtain melt trickle. Wherein the temperature of the spinning beam is as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 285 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 287 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 287 ℃, the temperature of the metering pump is 287 ℃, the temperature of the spinning assembly is 287 ℃, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 14 rpm. In the spinning box, the diameter of a spinneret plate is 400mm, the number of holes is 64, and the length-diameter ratio of the spinneret holes is 4. Spinning speed 1500m/min, cooling the melt trickle by a side blowing device, and wind pressure: 350Pa, branch air duct: 40 Pa; the cooling wind speed is 45m/min, and the wind temperature is 21 ℃. Post-spinning drafting process: the first roller temperature is 80 ℃; the temperature of two rollers is 160 ℃; the three-roller temperature is 190 ℃; the drafting multiplying power is 2.95 times of the first level and 1.09 times of the second level; the setting temperature of the hot roller is 180 ℃. Finally, winding at 1500m/min to obtain the nylon 56/66 filament. The physical and chemical parameters of the nylon 56/66 filament prepared in this example are shown in table 1.
Example 2 preparation of Nylon 56/Nylon 610 blend Material
Preparing 50% bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution, and measuring the pH value to be 7.8. The prepared bio-based chinlon 56 salt water solution is injected into a reactor (a magnetic drive high-pressure kettle (U-shaped reactor)), and the pressure is maintained for 2.5h under the conditions that the temperature is 240 ℃ and the pressure is 1.8 MPa. And then releasing the pressure in the reactor in a flash evaporator, stirring for 40min when the temperature is increased to 270 ℃, the pre-polymerization temperature is 282 ℃, vacuumizing to reduce the system pressure to-0.08 MPa and continuously stirring for 10min in a vacuum state to obtain a polyamide 56 polymer melt, cooling by cold water, and cutting by a granulator to obtain polyamide 56 chips. The bio-based chinlon 56 slices and the chinlon 610 slices are respectively dried in a vacuum environment, and the specific conditions are as follows: drying at 90 deg.C for 4 hr, heating to 95 deg.C, drying for 3 hr, and maintaining at 130 deg.C for 5 hr. And then fully blending the two slices according to a proportion, wherein the mass percentage of the bio-based chinlon 56 slice is 70 percent, and inputting the bio-based chinlon 56 slice into a spinning manifold at a speed of 30kg/h for feeding melt spinning to obtain melt trickle. Wherein the temperature of the spinning beam is as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 260 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 265 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 265 ℃, the temperature of the metering pump is 265 ℃, the temperature of the spinning component is 265 ℃, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 15 rpm. In the spinning box, the diameter of a spinneret plate is 400mm, the number of holes is 64, and the length-diameter ratio of the spinneret holes is 4. Spinning speed 1000m/min, cooling the melt trickle by a side blowing device, and wind pressure: 350Pa, branch air duct: 40 Pa; the cooling wind speed is 45m/min, and the wind temperature is 23 ℃. Post-spinning drafting process: the first roll temperature was 70 ℃; the temperature of two rollers is 160 ℃; the temperature of the three rollers is 180 ℃; the drafting multiplying power is 2.80 times of the first level and 1.05 times of the second level; the setting temperature of the hot roller is 180 ℃. Finally, the nylon 56/610 long fiber can be obtained after winding and spooling at the speed of 1000 m/min. The physical and chemical parameters of the nylon 56/610 filament prepared in this example are shown in table 1.
Example 3 preparation of Nylon 56/Nylon 612 blend Material
Preparing 50% bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution, and measuring the pH value to be 7.8. The prepared bio-based chinlon 56 salt water solution is injected into a reactor (a magnetic drive high-pressure kettle (U-shaped reactor)), and the pressure is maintained for 2.5h under the conditions that the temperature is 240 ℃ and the pressure is 1.8 MPa. And then releasing the pressure in the reactor in a flash evaporator, stirring for 40min when the temperature is increased to 270 ℃, the pre-polymerization temperature is 282 ℃, vacuumizing to reduce the system pressure to-0.08 MPa and continuously stirring for 10min in a vacuum state to obtain a nylon 56 polymer solution, cooling by cold water, and cutting by a granulator to obtain nylon 56 slices. The bio-based chinlon 56 slices and the chinlon 612 slices are respectively dried in a vacuum environment, and the specific conditions are as follows: drying at 90 deg.C for 4 hr, heating to 95 deg.C, drying for 3 hr, and maintaining at 130 deg.C for 5 hr. And then fully blending the two slices according to a proportion, wherein the mass percentage of the bio-based chinlon 56 slice is 80%, and inputting the bio-based chinlon 56 slice into a spinning manifold at a speed of 30kg/h for feeding melt spinning to obtain melt trickle. Wherein the temperature of the spinning beam is as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 260 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 265 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 265 ℃, the temperature of the metering pump is 265 ℃, the temperature of the spinning component is 265 ℃, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 15 rpm. In the spinning box, the diameter of a spinneret plate is 400mm, the number of holes is 64, and the length-diameter ratio of the spinneret holes is 4. Spinning speed 1000m/min, cooling the melt trickle by a side blowing device, and wind pressure: 350Pa, branch air duct: 40 Pa; the cooling wind speed is 45m/min, and the wind temperature is 23 ℃. Post-spinning drafting process: the first roll temperature was 70 ℃; the temperature of two rollers is 160 ℃; the temperature of the three rollers is 180 ℃; the drafting multiplying power is 2.80 times of the first level and 1.05 times of the second level; the setting temperature of the hot roller is 180 ℃. Finally, the nylon 56/612 long fiber can be obtained after winding and spooling at the speed of 1000 m/min. The physical and chemical parameters of the nylon 56/612 filament prepared in this example are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1 preparation of Nylon 66 fiber
The chinlon 66 slices with the same specification as the chinlon 66 slices in the example 1 are dried in a vacuum environment, and the specific conditions are as follows: drying for 4h at 90 ℃, then heating to 95 ℃ for drying for 3h, keeping the temperature at 130 ℃ for 5h, and inputting into a spinning manifold at the speed of 30kg/h for feeding melt spinning to obtain melt trickle. Wherein the temperature of the spinning beam is as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 285 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 287 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 287 ℃, the temperature of the metering pump is 287 ℃, the temperature of the spinning assembly is 287 ℃, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 14 rpm. In the spinning box, the diameter of a spinneret plate is 400mm, the number of holes is 64, and the length-diameter ratio of the spinneret holes is 4. Spinning speed 1500m/min, cooling the melt trickle by a side blowing device, and wind pressure: 350Pa, branch air duct: 40 Pa; the cooling wind speed is 45m/min, and the wind temperature is 21 ℃. Post-spinning drafting process: the first roller temperature is 80 ℃; the temperature of two rollers is 160 ℃; the three-roller temperature is 190 ℃; the drafting multiplying power is 2.95 times of the first level and 1.09 times of the second level; the setting temperature of the hot roller is 180 ℃. Finally, winding at 1500m/min to obtain the nylon 66 long fiber. The physical and chemical parameters of the nylon 66 filament prepared in the embodiment are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2 preparation of Chinlon 610 fiber
The chinlon 610 slices with the same specification as the chinlon 610 slices in the embodiment 2 are dried in a vacuum environment, and the specific conditions are as follows: drying for 4h at 90 ℃, then heating to 95 ℃ for drying for 3h, keeping the temperature at 130 ℃ for 5h, and inputting into a spinning manifold at the speed of 30kg/h for feeding melt spinning to obtain melt trickle. Wherein the temperature of the spinning beam is as follows: the temperature of the first zone was 250 ℃, the temperature of the second zone was 250 ℃, the temperature of the third zone was 250 ℃, the temperature of the metering pump was 250 ℃, the temperature of the spinning pack was 250 ℃, and the rotational speed of the metering pump was 15 rpm. In the spinning box, the diameter of a spinneret plate is 400mm, the number of holes is 64, and the length-diameter ratio of the spinneret holes is 4. Spinning speed 1000m/min, cooling the melt trickle by a side blowing device, and wind pressure: 350Pa, branch air duct: 40 Pa; the cooling wind speed is 45m/min, and the wind temperature is 23 ℃. Post-spinning drafting process: the first roller temperature is 60 ℃; the temperature of the two rollers is 110 ℃; the temperature of the three rollers is 140 ℃; the drafting multiplying power is 2.80 times of the first level and 1.05 times of the second level; the setting temperature of the hot roller is 145 ℃. Finally, the nylon 610 long fiber can be obtained after winding and spooling at the speed of 1000 m/min. The physical and chemical parameters of the nylon 610 filament prepared by the embodiment are shown in the table 1.
Comparative example 3 preparation of Chinlon 612 fiber
Drying the chinlon 612 slices with the same specification as the example 3 in a vacuum environment, wherein the specific conditions are as follows: drying for 4h at 90 ℃, then heating to 95 ℃ for drying for 3h, keeping the temperature at 130 ℃ for 5h, and inputting into a spinning manifold at the speed of 30kg/h for feeding melt spinning to obtain melt trickle. Wherein the temperature of the spinning beam is as follows: the temperature of the first zone was 240 ℃, the temperature of the second zone was 240 ℃, the temperature of the third zone was 240 ℃, the temperature of the metering pump was 240 ℃, the temperature of the spinning pack was 240 ℃, and the rotational speed of the metering pump was 15 rpm. In the spinning box, the diameter of a spinneret plate is 400mm, the number of holes is 64, and the length-diameter ratio of the spinneret holes is 4. Spinning speed 1000m/min, cooling the melt trickle by a side blowing device, and wind pressure: 350Pa, branch air duct: 40 Pa; the cooling wind speed is 45m/min, and the wind temperature is 23 ℃. Post-spinning drafting process: the first roller temperature is 60 ℃; the temperature of the two rollers is 110 ℃; the temperature of the three rollers is 140 ℃; the drafting multiplying power is 2.80 times of the first level and 1.05 times of the second level; the setting temperature of the hot roller is 145 ℃. Finally, the nylon 612 long fiber can be obtained after winding and spooling at the speed of 1000 m/min. The physical and chemical parameters of the nylon 612 filament prepared in this example are shown in table 1.
The dyeing experiments under the same conditions were carried out for the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 using an acid dye. Dyeing conditions are as follows: the bath ratio is 1:20, the pH is 4, the acid blue NHFS 2% (o.w.f.), the dyeing temperature is 98 ℃, the dyeing time is 1h, the apparent depth of the sample is tested after dyeing, and the dyeing experiment results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance testing of blended Polyamide fibers
As can be seen from Table 1: although the strength of the fiber prepared by blending the bio-based chinlon 56 slices and the chinlon 66 slices is slightly reduced, the melting point, the crystallinity, the moisture regain, the limited oxygen index and the dyeing property are all improved to a certain extent, and the limited oxygen index is improved by about 25 percent; the fiber obtained by blending the polyamide 610 slices and the polyamide 612 slices has improved performance indexes such as strength, melting point, crystallinity, moisture regain, limiting oxygen index, dyeing and the like.
Claims (11)
1. A preparation process of a novel nylon material with bio-based nylon 56 as a main body comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out polymerization reaction on the bio-based chinlon 56 salt water solution to obtain a chinlon 56 polymer, and cooling and dicing to obtain chinlon 56 slices;
2) respectively vacuum-drying the polyamide 56 slices prepared in the step 1) and other polyamide slices, blending to obtain mixed slices, carrying out melt spinning, and carrying out spinning post-processing to obtain the novel polyamide material.
2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the bio-based chinlon 56 dry salt in the bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution is prepared by the neutralization reaction of bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine and adipic acid;
the bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine is prepared by a biological method; specifically, lysine can be biologically fermented, and the bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine is obtained after distillation purification;
the mass percentage content of the bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution is 20-80%;
the pH value of the bio-based chinlon 56 saline solution is 7.5-8.2.
3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the step 1) further comprises the steps of feeding the prepared chinlon 56 salt water solution into a salt solution preparation tank, adding an auxiliary agent into the salt solution preparation tank, and then carrying out a polymerization process;
the auxiliary agent is one or more of a molecular weight regulator, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, an antibacterial finishing agent, an anti-ultraviolet finishing agent and a delustering agent;
the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.2-2% of the dry salt mass of the bio-based chinlon 56.
4. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the polymerization reaction in step 1) comprises the following operations: concentrating the saline solution of the bio-based nylon 56 obtained in the step 1), carrying out prepolymerization reaction on the concentrated saline solution, decompressing after the prepolymerization reaction is finished, allowing the solution to enter a pre-polymerizer for reaction, allowing the solution to enter a post-polymerizer for reaction, thus finishing the polymerization reaction to obtain a melt of the bio-based nylon 56 polymer, cooling the melt, and cutting the melt by a granulator to obtain bio-based nylon 56 slices.
5. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that: the prepolymerization reaction is carried out in a magnetic-driven high-pressure kettle;
the conditions of the magnetically-driven autoclave were as follows: the temperature is 210-240 ℃, the pressure is 1.7-1.9 MPa, and the time is 1-3 h;
the decompression is to release the pressure in the reactor in a flash evaporator, and the temperature in the flash evaporator is increased to 260 ℃ and 270 ℃;
in the pre-polymerization process, the temperature is 260-290 ℃, and the mixture is stirred for 30-60 min to obtain a polymer with the polymerization degree close to that of a finished product;
in the post-polymerizer process, the temperature is 260-290 ℃, a vacuum pump is started to pump vacuum and stir for 5-20 min, water in the system is discharged, a bio-based chinlon 56 polymer melt is obtained, and after cooling, the bio-based chinlon 56 slice is obtained by cutting through a granulator.
6. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: in step 2), the other polyamide-based chips include: one or a mixture of chinlon 6, chinlon 8, chinlon 9, chinlon 66, chinlon 69, chinlon 610, chinlon 612, chinlon 11, chinlon 12, chinlon 46, chinlon 1010 and chinlon 6T in any proportion;
the mass percentage of the bio-based chinlon 56 slices in the mixed slices is 40-90%.
7. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: different slices are respectively dried in vacuum under the following conditions: firstly, drying for 3.5-4.5 h at 90-95 ℃, then drying for 2.5-3.5 h at 95-120 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 3-6 h at 130-140 ℃;
dried slices contained water: 700 to 1300 ppm; the melt index is 23-24 g/10 min; the melting point is 248-255 ℃; the index range of the mixed slices after blending is as follows: viscosity index: 120 to 150 ml/g.
8. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the melt spinning process comprises the following steps: and conveying the mixed chips into a spinning manifold, heating and melting, then spinning to obtain melt trickle, cooling and solidifying the melt trickle to form filaments, oiling and winding the solidified filaments for forming, and then spinning and post-processing.
9. The process according to claim 8, characterized in that: the conveying speed of the mixed slices is 25-40 Kg/h;
the spinning box temperature was: the temperature of a first area of the spinning box body is 240-290 ℃, the temperature of a second area is 240-290 ℃, the temperature of a third area is 240-290 ℃, the temperature of a metering pump is 240-290 ℃, the temperature of a spinning assembly is 240-290 ℃, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 8-16 rpm;
in the spinning box body, the blended slice melt is distributed through a pipeline and conveyed to each spinning nozzle with equal residence time and pressure drop; the spinning speed is 300 m/min-4300 m/min;
the melt thin stream is cooled and formed by a side blowing device, and the cooling conditions are as follows: wind pressure: 320pa to 440 pa; a branch air duct: 30pa to 60 pa; side-blown wind speed: 40-45 m/min; wind temperature: 21-26 ℃;
winding and oiling the solidified and molded strand silk by a winding machine;
the winding speed of the winder is 300-1100 m/min, and the concentration of the oil agent is as follows: 1% -5%;
and (4) spinning the wound and oiled silk strips and then processing the silk strips.
10. The process according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: the post-spinning processing is different according to the process that the prepared fiber is filament or short fiber;
when preparing the filament, the post-processing steps sequentially comprise the steps of strand drafting, heat setting, bundling, winding, cooling and drying to obtain the novel chinlon 56 filament;
when preparing short fibers, the post-processing steps sequentially comprise the steps of strand silk drafting, heat setting, bundling, curling, cooling, drying and cutting to obtain the novel nylon 56 short fibers;
the drafting is primary drafting, secondary drafting or multi-stage drafting;
the conditions of the drawing were as follows: the temperature of one roller is 60-80 ℃; the temperature of the two rollers is 150-190 ℃; the three-roller temperature is 150-190 ℃; the drafting multiplying power is 2.00-5.50 times of the first stage and 1.01-1.10 times of the second stage;
the heat setting is steam heat setting, hot plate setting or water bath heat setting, and can be carried out at the temperature of 150-190 ℃;
when the prepared blended fiber is a filament, the winding speed is 500-1000 m/min;
when the prepared blended fiber is short fiber, the crimping temperature is 60-90 ℃, the speed is 300-350 m/min, and the number of crimps is 10-30.
11. The process according to claims 1-10, characterized in that: the limit oxygen index of the novel nylon material taking the bio-based nylon 56 as a main body for blending is increased to 30-35%, the breaking strength of the filament is 3.5-12.0 cN/dtex, the melting point is 230-255 ℃, the crystallinity is 45-70%, and the moisture regain is 3.5-8%; the breaking strength of the short fiber is 3.0-7.5 cN/dtex, the melting point is 230-255 ℃, the crystallinity is 45-70%, and the moisture regain is 3.5-6%.
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