CN111744456A - Application of Hydrogen Peroxide Modified Activated Carbon in Adsorption of Unsymmetrical Dimethyl Hydrazine - Google Patents
Application of Hydrogen Peroxide Modified Activated Carbon in Adsorption of Unsymmetrical Dimethyl Hydrazine Download PDFInfo
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- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide Substances OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- -1 Hydrogen Peroxide Modified Activated Carbon Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- RHUYHJGZWVXEHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dimethyhydrazine Chemical compound CN(C)N RHUYHJGZWVXEHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 36
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3,5,5-trimethyl-6-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxycarbonylamino]hexyl]carbamoyloxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CNC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000686 lactone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
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Abstract
本发明公开了双氧水改性活性炭在吸附偏二甲肼中的应用，所述双氧水改性活性炭是将经水煮的预处理活性炭加入质量浓度为30％的双氧水中，于40～60℃水浴震荡1～4h后静置2～4h，用蒸馏水洗涤至上清液中不含H2O2后干燥得到，其中预处理活性炭与质量浓度为30％的双氧水的质量体积比为1g:7.5～15mL。本发明采用双氧水改性活性炭吸附偏二甲肼具有设备体积小、操作简单、吸附材料价格低廉，吸附效果佳等优点，对于小剂量的偏二甲肼气体的处理和防护具有十分明显的优势。
The invention discloses the application of hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon in the adsorption of unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine. The hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon is prepared by adding boiled pretreated activated carbon into hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30%, and oscillating in a water bath at 40-60° C. After 1 to 4 hours, stand for 2 to 4 hours, wash with distilled water until the supernatant does not contain H 2 O 2 and then dry to obtain, wherein the mass volume ratio of pretreated activated carbon to hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30% is 1 g: 7.5 to 15 mL. The invention adopts the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon to adsorb the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, which has the advantages of small equipment volume, simple operation, low price of the adsorption material, good adsorption effect and the like, and has obvious advantages for the treatment and protection of the small dose of the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine gas.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于少量偏二甲肼的吸附处理技术领域，具体涉及一种经双氧水改性的活性炭吸附偏二甲肼的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of adsorption treatment of a small amount of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, and particularly relates to a method for adsorbing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine by hydrogen peroxide-modified activated carbon.
背景技术Background technique
偏二甲肼(UDMH)具有良好的燃烧性能、高比冲的能量特性、较宽的液态范围等优点，因此被广泛用作飞船、卫星和运载火箭等的主体燃料，是我国航天和军事领域广泛应用的一种非常重要的液体推进剂。但其易燃、易爆、吸附性强且有剧毒，一旦发生泄漏，将会引发火灾、爆炸、人员中毒和环境污染等一系列严重的后果。目前主要存在问题有：一方面：在偏二甲肼的存储过程中，若储罐密封性能不好或储库通风不佳等，会造成偏二甲肼气体的蓄积，容易产生安全隐患，甚至发生爆炸，危及人员安全；另一方面：随着我国航天和国防工业的发展，偏二甲肼被大量使用，对操作接触人员的防护主要以固体材料吸附防毒面具为主，且大多使用的都是通用型有毒气体防护面具，这些产品能起到一定的防护作用，但是对偏二甲肼气体的吸附效果并不理想，特别是选择性不够高，且价格昂贵。如620P型防毒面具材料对偏二甲肼气体的吸附穿透时间为5min，饱和吸附量为30.51mg/g，G106型防毒面具材料偏二甲肼气体的吸附穿透时间为15min，饱和吸附量为77.93mg/g。因此，如何降低偏二甲肼生产、运输、储存和使用过程中的危险，确保相关接触人员的人身安全，减轻对环境的污染，已成为目前研究的重点，特别是针对偏二甲肼气体的处理和防护显得更为迫切。Unbalanced dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) has the advantages of good combustion performance, high specific impulse energy characteristics, and wide liquid range, so it is widely used as the main fuel for spacecraft, satellites and launch vehicles. A very important liquid propellant widely used. However, it is flammable, explosive, highly absorbent and highly toxic. Once leakage occurs, it will cause a series of serious consequences such as fire, explosion, personnel poisoning and environmental pollution. At present, the main problems are as follows: On the one hand, during the storage process of UDMH, if the sealing performance of the storage tank is not good or the ventilation of the storage room is not good, it will cause the accumulation of UDMH gas, which is likely to cause safety hazards, and even Explosion occurs, endangering personnel safety; on the other hand: with the development of my country's aerospace and defense industries, UDMH is widely used, and the protection of operating personnel is mainly based on solid material adsorption gas masks, and most of them are used. It is a general-purpose toxic gas protective mask. These products can play a certain protective role, but the adsorption effect of unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine gas is not ideal, especially the selectivity is not high enough and the price is expensive. For example, the adsorption and penetration time of 620P type gas mask material to UDMH gas is 5min, the saturated adsorption capacity is 30.51mg/g, the adsorption penetration time of G106 type gas mask material for UDMH gas is 15min, the saturated adsorption capacity It is 77.93mg/g. Therefore, how to reduce the risks in the production, transportation, storage and use of UDMA, ensure the personal safety of the relevant contact personnel, and reduce the pollution to the environment has become the focus of current research, especially for the use of UDMA gas. Handling and protection are more urgent.
国内外开展偏二甲肼气体处理方法研究的时间较早，技术手段也多种多样，主要包括：水吸收法、直接燃烧法、溶液中和法、催化氧化法等，其中水吸收法由于会产生大量废水因而主要用于偏二甲肼气体的应急处理；直接燃烧法主要用于大剂量的偏二甲肼气体处理，且不适合人体防护；溶液中和法的中和液成分复杂，且废液的处理相对困难；催化氧化法的经济效益较低，且不适合人体防护。The research on unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine gas treatment methods at home and abroad has been carried out earlier, and the technical means are also various, mainly including: water absorption method, direct combustion method, solution neutralization method, catalytic oxidation method, etc. A large amount of waste water is generated, so it is mainly used for emergency treatment of UDMH gas; the direct combustion method is mainly used for the treatment of large doses of UDMH gas, and is not suitable for human protection; the neutralization liquid composition of solution neutralization method is complex, and The treatment of waste liquid is relatively difficult; the economic benefit of catalytic oxidation method is low, and it is not suitable for human protection.
活性炭比表面积大，孔径较发达，主要为微孔结构，可以吸附大多数的有机气体，而且含有较多的酸性官能团。偏二甲肼是一种弱碱性的极性有机气体，根据吸附理论，其更容易被含有酸性官能团的极性吸附剂吸附。因此，活性炭可用于吸附偏二甲肼，但其吸附效果有限。Activated carbon has a large specific surface area, developed pore size, and mainly has a microporous structure, which can adsorb most organic gases and contains more acidic functional groups. UDMA is a weakly alkaline polar organic gas. According to the adsorption theory, it is more easily adsorbed by polar adsorbents containing acidic functional groups. Therefore, activated carbon can be used to adsorb UDMH, but its adsorption effect is limited.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是提供双氧水改性活性炭在吸附处理泄漏偏二甲肼气体中的应用，一方面解决了偏二甲肼存储过程中因储罐密封性能不好或储库通风不佳等原因，造成的偏二甲肼气体的蓄积，从而产生的腐蚀、爆炸等安全隐患；另一方面也解决了操作接触人员的安全防护问题，从而保证了偏二甲肼的贮存安全及接触人员的防护安全。The purpose of the present invention is to provide the application of hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon in the adsorption treatment of leaking unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine gas, on the one hand, to solve the reasons such as poor sealing performance of the storage tank or poor ventilation of the storage tank during the storage process of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, It also solves the problem of safety protection for operators and contacts, thus ensuring the storage safety of UDMH and the protection safety of contact personnel. .
本发明所述双氧水改性活性炭的制备方法为：将活性炭于沸水中煮沸2h后漂洗至上清液澄清，然后于110℃恒温烘干6h，得到预处理活性炭；将预处理活性炭加入质量浓度为30％的双氧水中，于40～60℃水浴震荡1～4h后静置2～4h，用蒸馏水洗涤至上清液中不含H2O2，于110℃下干燥6小时，得到双氧水改性活性炭。The preparation method of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon of the present invention is as follows: the activated carbon is boiled in boiling water for 2 hours, then rinsed until the supernatant is clarified, and then dried at a constant temperature of 110° C. for 6 hours to obtain the pretreated activated carbon; the pretreated activated carbon is added with a mass concentration of 30 % hydrogen peroxide, shake in a water bath at 40-60°C for 1-4h, stand for 2-4h, wash with distilled water until the supernatant contains no H 2 O 2 , and dry at 110° C. for 6 hours to obtain hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon.
上述双氧水改性活性炭的制备方法中，优选预处理活性炭与质量浓度为30％的双氧水的质量体积比为1g:7.5～15mL，进一步优选预处理活性炭与质量浓度为30％的双氧水的质量体积比为1g:10～12.5mL。In the above-mentioned preparation method of hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon, preferably the mass volume ratio of pretreated activated carbon to hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30% is 1 g: 7.5-15 mL, and further preferably the mass volume ratio of pretreated activated carbon to hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30% It is 1g:10～12.5mL.
本发明的有益效果如下：The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
本发明采用双氧水改性活性炭吸附偏二甲肼具有设备体积小、操作简单、吸附材料价格低廉等优点，既延长了吸附穿透时间，又极大地提高了吸附量，对偏二甲肼有毒气体的吸收效果显著，对于小剂量的偏二甲肼气体的处理和防护具有十分明显的优势。双氧水改性活性炭的BET比表面积、总孔容和微孔孔容均优于G106型和620P型两种防毒面具材料，其对偏二甲肼气体的吸附性能明显优于G106型和620P型两种防毒面具材料，双氧水改性活性炭对偏二甲肼气体的穿透时间约为60min、饱和吸附量最高可达到185.57mg/g，穿透时间约是G106型的4倍，620P型的12倍，饱和吸附量约是G106型的2.3倍，620P型的6倍。The invention adopts the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon to adsorb the unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine, which has the advantages of small equipment volume, simple operation, low price of the adsorption material, etc., which not only prolongs the adsorption breakthrough time, but also greatly improves the adsorption capacity, and has the advantages of reducing the toxic gas of the unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine. The absorption effect is remarkable, and it has obvious advantages for the treatment and protection of small doses of UDMH gas. The BET specific surface area, total pore volume and micropore pore volume of hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon are better than those of G106 type and 620P type gas mask materials, and its adsorption performance for unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine gas is significantly better than that of G106 type and 620P type. Mask material, the penetration time of hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon to unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine gas is about 60min, the maximum saturation adsorption capacity can reach 185.57mg/g, the penetration time is about 4 times that of G106 type, and 12 times that of 620P type. The adsorption capacity is about 2.3 times that of G106 type and 6 times that of 620P type.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是对比例1中预处理活性炭的SEM图。FIG. 1 is a SEM image of the pretreated activated carbon in Comparative Example 1.
图2是实施例1中双氧水改性活性炭的SEM图。2 is a SEM image of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon in Example 1.
图3是对比例1中预处理活性炭(AC-0)和实施例1中双氧水改性活性炭(AC-4)的孔径分布图。3 is a pore size distribution diagram of the pretreated activated carbon (AC-0) in Comparative Example 1 and the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon (AC-4) in Example 1.
图4是对比例1中预处理活性炭(AC-0)和实施例1中双氧水改性活性炭(AC-4)的红外光谱图。4 is the infrared spectrum of the pretreated activated carbon (AC-0) in Comparative Example 1 and the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon (AC-4) in Example 1.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了便于理解本发明，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细描述，但本发明的保护范围不限于这些实施例。In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
对比例1Comparative Example 1
将活性炭(由环宇工业活性炭厂提供)于沸水中煮沸2h后漂洗3～4次至上清液澄清，以去除其中的油脂和细小杂质，最后于110℃下恒温烘干6h，得到预处理活性炭。预处理活性炭的表面形貌、比表面及孔径分析结果见图1和图3，预处理活性炭的壁面分布许多小孔，但是壁面比较粗糙，大孔分布较少，孔道之间结构较差，其表面积981.134m2/g，平均孔径1.686nm，总孔容0.4135mL/g，微孔孔容0.367mL/g，介孔孔容0.027mL/g。FT-IR分析结果见图4：3400cm-1左右的峰为-OH振动吸收峰，2920cm-1附近出现的峰为-CH2的不对称伸缩振动吸收峰，1725cm-1附近范围内的峰为醛类、酮类、酯类、羧类以及酸酐等的羰基C＝O伸缩振动吸收峰，1564cm-1附近的峰为苯环骨架C＝C伸缩振动峰，1375cm-1附近的峰为羧基的伸缩振动峰，1157cm-1附近范围内的峰为C-O的伸缩振动峰，900～650cm-1附近的峰为苯环上C-H键的面外变形振动吸收峰。在偏二甲肼气体浓度为2000mg/m3，进气流量为200L/h，吸附温度为20℃的条件下，预处理活性炭对偏二甲肼气体的穿透时间为20min，饱和吸附量为113.248mg/g。Activated carbon (provided by Huanyu Industrial Activated Carbon Factory) was boiled in boiling water for 2 hours, rinsed 3 to 4 times until the supernatant was clarified to remove grease and fine impurities, and finally dried at a constant temperature of 110 °C for 6 hours to obtain pretreated activated carbon. The surface morphology, specific surface and pore size analysis results of the pretreated activated carbon are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3. There are many small pores on the wall surface of the pretreated activated carbon, but the wall surface is relatively rough, the distribution of macropores is less, and the structure between the pores is poor. The surface area is 981.134m 2 /g, the average pore diameter is 1.686nm, the total pore volume is 0.4135mL/g, the micropore volume is 0.367mL/g, and the mesopore volume is 0.027mL/g. The FT-IR analysis results are shown in Figure 4: the peak around 3400cm -1 is the -OH vibration absorption peak, the peak around 2920cm- 1 is the asymmetric stretching vibration absorption peak of -CH2 , and the peak in the range around 1725cm -1 is The carbonyl C=O stretching vibration absorption peaks of aldehydes, ketones, esters, carboxyls and acid anhydrides, etc., the peak near 1564cm -1 is the C=C stretching vibration peak of the benzene ring skeleton, and the peak near 1375cm -1 is the carboxyl group. Stretching vibration peaks, the peaks around 1157 cm -1 are the stretching vibration peaks of CO, and the peaks around 900-650 cm -1 are the out-of-plane deformation vibration absorption peaks of the CH bond on the benzene ring. Under the conditions of 2000mg/m 3 UDMH gas concentration, 200L/h inlet flow rate, and 20℃ adsorption temperature, the penetration time of pretreated activated carbon to UDMH gas is 20min, and the saturated adsorption capacity is 113.248 mg/g.
实施例1Example 1
向100mL烧杯中加入8g对比例1中预处理活性炭，而后加入60mL质量浓度为30％的双氧水，于40℃水浴中振荡1h后静置2h，用蒸馏水洗涤数次至上清液中不含H2O2，于110℃下干燥6小时，得到双氧水改性活性炭。双氧水改性活性炭的表面形貌、比表面及孔径分析结果见图2和图3。图2中，双氧水改性活性炭的壁面小孔分布更加密集，小孔明显增多，吸附更强。图3中双氧水改性活性炭的孔径结构发生了一定变化，其表面积1075.973m2/g，平均孔径1.705nm，总孔容0.4583mL/g，微孔孔容0.397mL/g，介孔孔容0.039mL/g。主要增加了1～2nm区域的微孔孔径数量和3～4nm的介孔孔径数量，减少了0～1nm的微孔孔径数量。由于双氧水具有一定氧化性，可以氧化掉活性炭上部分无定形炭和杂质，产生一些新的孔结构，或者使一些封闭的孔被打开，导致比表面积增大和孔容的增加，平均孔径增大，更有利于偏二甲肼的吸附。FT-IR分析结果见图4：双氧水改性活性炭的红外吸收峰与未改性活性炭相近，只是强度不同，都含有羟基、羧基、酚羟基、內酯基。在偏二甲肼气体浓度为2000mg/m3，进气流量为200L/h，吸附温度为20℃的条件下，本实施例所得双氧水改性活性炭对偏二甲肼气体的穿透时间为60min，饱和吸附量为165.82mg/g，比预处理活性炭增加了近46％。To a 100 mL beaker, add 8 g of the pretreated activated carbon in Comparative Example 1, then add 60 mL of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30%, shake it in a 40°C water bath for 1 h, let it stand for 2 h, and wash it with distilled water several times until the supernatant does not contain H2 O 2 , and dried at 110° C. for 6 hours to obtain hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon. The surface morphology, specific surface area and pore size analysis results of hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. In Figure 2, the distribution of pores on the wall surface of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon is more dense, the pores are significantly increased, and the adsorption is stronger. In Figure 3, the pore size structure of hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon has changed to a certain extent. Its surface area is 1075.973m 2 /g, the average pore diameter is 1.705nm, the total pore volume is 0.4583mL/g, the micropore volume is 0.397mL/g, and the mesopore volume is 0.039 mL/g. The number of micropores in the 1-2nm region and the number of mesopores in the 3-4nm region are mainly increased, and the number of micropores in the 0-1nm region is decreased. Because hydrogen peroxide has a certain oxidizing property, it can oxidize part of the amorphous carbon and impurities on the activated carbon, generate some new pore structures, or open some closed pores, resulting in an increase in the specific surface area and pore volume, and an increase in the average pore size. It is more favorable for the adsorption of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine. The FT-IR analysis results are shown in Figure 4: the infrared absorption peaks of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon are similar to those of the unmodified activated carbon, but the intensity is different, and both contain hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, and lactone groups. Under the conditions that the gas concentration of UDMH is 2000 mg/m 3 , the air flow rate is 200 L/h, and the adsorption temperature is 20° C., the penetration time of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon obtained in this example to UDMH gas is 60 min. , the saturated adsorption capacity was 165.82 mg/g, an increase of nearly 46% compared with the pretreated activated carbon.
实施例2Example 2
向100mL烧杯中加入8g预处理活性炭，而后加入60mL质量浓度为30％的双氧水，于40℃水浴中振荡4h后静置4h，用蒸馏水洗涤数次至上清液中不含H2O2，于110℃下干燥6小时，得到双氧水改性活性炭。在偏二甲肼气体浓度为2000mg/m3，进气流量为200L/h，吸附温度为20℃的条件下，本实施例所得双氧水改性活性炭对偏二甲肼气体的饱和吸附量为165.41mg/g，比预处理活性炭增加了近46％。Add 8 g of pretreated activated carbon to a 100 mL beaker, then add 60 mL of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30%, shake it in a water bath at 40 °C for 4 h, let it stand for 4 h, and wash it with distilled water several times until the supernatant does not contain H 2 O 2 . After drying at 110°C for 6 hours, hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon was obtained. Under the condition that the gas concentration of UDMH is 2000mg/m 3 , the air flow rate is 200L/h, and the adsorption temperature is 20°C, the saturated adsorption capacity of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon obtained in this example to UDMH gas is 165.41 mg/g, an increase of nearly 46% over pretreated activated carbon.
实施例3Example 3
向100mL烧杯中加入8g预处理活性炭，而后加入60mL质量浓度为30％的双氧水，于50℃水浴中振荡1h后静置2h，用蒸馏水洗涤数次至上清液中不含H2O2，于110℃下干燥6小时，得到双氧水改性活性炭。在偏二甲肼气体浓度为2000mg/m3，进气流量为200L/h，吸附温度为20℃的条件下，本实施例所得双氧水改性活性炭对偏二甲肼气体的饱和吸附量为166.71mg/g，比预处理活性炭增加了近47％。Add 8 g of pretreated activated carbon to a 100 mL beaker, then add 60 mL of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30%, shake it in a 50°C water bath for 1 h, let it stand for 2 h, wash it with distilled water for several times until the supernatant does not contain H 2 O 2 , and put it in the After drying at 110°C for 6 hours, hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon was obtained. Under the conditions that the gas concentration of UDMH is 2000 mg/m 3 , the air flow rate is 200 L/h, and the adsorption temperature is 20° C., the saturated adsorption capacity of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon obtained in this example to UDMH gas is 166.71 mg/g, an increase of nearly 47% over the pretreated activated carbon.
实施例4Example 4
向100mL烧杯中加入8g预处理活性炭，而后加入60mL质量浓度为30％的双氧水，于60℃水浴中振荡1h后静置2h，用蒸馏水洗涤数次至上清液中不含H2O2，于110℃下干燥6小时，得到双氧水改性活性炭。在偏二甲肼气体浓度为2000mg/m3，进气流量为200L/h，吸附温度为20℃的条件下，本实施例所得双氧水改性活性炭对偏二甲肼气体的饱和吸附量为165.46mg/g，比预处理活性炭增加了近46％。Add 8 g of pretreated activated carbon to a 100 mL beaker, then add 60 mL of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30%, shake in a 60°C water bath for 1 h, let stand for 2 h, wash with distilled water several times until the supernatant does not contain H 2 O 2 After drying at 110°C for 6 hours, hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon was obtained. Under the conditions that the gas concentration of UDMH is 2000 mg/m 3 , the air flow rate is 200 L/h, and the adsorption temperature is 20° C., the saturated adsorption capacity of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon obtained in this example to UDMH gas is 165.46 mg/g, an increase of nearly 46% over pretreated activated carbon.
实施例5Example 5
向100mL烧杯中加入8g预处理活性炭，而后加入80mL质量浓度为30％的双氧水，于40℃水浴中振荡1h后静置2h，用蒸馏水洗涤数次至上清液中不含H2O2，于110℃下干燥6小时，得到双氧水改性活性炭。在偏二甲肼气体浓度为2000mg/m3，进气流量为200L/h，吸附温度为20℃的条件下，本实施例所得双氧水改性活性炭对偏二甲肼气体的饱和吸附量明显增加，为185.57mg/g，比预处理活性炭增加了近64％。Add 8 g of pretreated activated carbon to a 100 mL beaker, then add 80 mL of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30%, shake in a water bath at 40°C for 1 h, let it stand for 2 h, wash with distilled water several times until the supernatant does not contain H 2 O 2 After drying at 110°C for 6 hours, hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon was obtained. Under the conditions that the gas concentration of UDMH is 2000 mg/m 3 , the air flow rate is 200 L/h, and the adsorption temperature is 20° C., the saturated adsorption capacity of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon obtained in this example to the UDMH gas increases significantly , was 185.57mg/g, an increase of nearly 64% compared with the pretreatment activated carbon.
实施例6Example 6
向100mL烧杯中加入8g预处理活性炭，而后加入100mL质量浓度为30％的双氧水，于40℃水浴中振荡1h后静置2h，用蒸馏水洗涤数次至上清液中不含H2O2，于110℃下干燥6小时，得到双氧水改性活性炭。在偏二甲肼气体浓度为2000mg/m3，进气流量为200L/h，吸附温度为20℃的条件下，本实施例所得双氧水改性活性炭对偏二甲肼气体的饱和吸附量明显增加，为182.85mg/g，比预处理活性炭增加了近61％。Add 8 g of pretreated activated carbon to a 100 mL beaker, then add 100 mL of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30%, shake in a 40°C water bath for 1 h, let stand for 2 h, and wash with distilled water several times until the supernatant does not contain H 2 O 2 . After drying at 110°C for 6 hours, hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon was obtained. Under the conditions that the gas concentration of UDMH is 2000 mg/m 3 , the air flow rate is 200 L/h, and the adsorption temperature is 20° C., the saturated adsorption capacity of the hydrogen peroxide modified activated carbon obtained in this example to the UDMH gas increases significantly , was 182.85mg/g, an increase of nearly 61% compared with the pretreatment activated carbon.
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