CN111739965A - A water-blocking and anti-PID type solar panel assembly and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly relates to a water-blocking PID-resistant solar cell panel assembly and a preparation method thereof, wherein the water-blocking PID-resistant solar cell panel assembly comprises a back panel, a lower packaging adhesive film, a cell panel, an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive film and glass, a water-blocking layer is arranged on the back panel or the lower packaging adhesive film, the water-blocking layer comprises a high water-blocking area and a low water-blocking area, and the water vapor transmittance of the high water-blocking area is less than 0.5g/m².d^‑1The water vapor transmission rate of the low water resistance area is more than 5g/m².d^‑1. The invention carries out local water blocking on the battery assembly, thereby not only effectively preventing water vapor in the environment from entering the battery assembly, but also ensuring that the water vapor entering the battery assembly is discharged; the anti-PID effect of the battery pack is improved.

Description

A water-blocking and anti-PID type solar panel assembly and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular relates to a water-blocking and anti-PID type solar cell panel assembly and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

For the backside encapsulation of solar cell modules, the existing technology is to use polymer multi-layer composite materials on the back of single glass, and glass on the back of double glass modules, which are laminated and packaged with EVA film to form modules. The modules are used outdoors for a long time, especially at high temperatures and high temperatures. In wet areas, water vapor can easily enter the inside of the module. On the one hand, it will cause the adhesive film to delaminate and cause appearance problems such as bulging. On the other hand, the water vapor will degrade the film and generate acidic substances, which will corrode the metal on the battery. layer, causing the power generation failure of the module. In long-term use, the power generation failure of components caused by water vapor infiltration is particularly worthy of attention. In order to alleviate the failure of the battery sheet in the industry, CN109401682A, CN105647406A, CN104449436B enhance the water blocking performance of the film and reduce the acetic acid release of the film under the condition of water vapor. This method can only alleviate to a certain extent and control the entry of water vapor. Protecting cells from corrosion damage is a complete solution.

In order to solve the problem of water vapor entering, the back plate described in CN110757916A adopts a layer of metal film or metal coating to reduce the water vapor transmission rate to 0.01g/m ² .d ^-1 ; CN107240617A adopts a layer of material layer added with a water blocking agent as a One layer of composite material; CN104868003A adopts a metal foil material layer with a thickness of 5-100 microns; CN102496642B adopts aluminum or silicon dioxide material for the barrier layer; CN101814542A adopts liquid crystal polymer (LCP) for the water barrier layer.

The existing technology of the composite backsheet in the above-mentioned inventions only simply enhances the water resistance of the polymer material. Compared with inorganic glass as the backsheet material, the water vapor transmission rate performance of all areas on the back of this solution is no different. The infiltration of water vapor also prevents the water vapor from seeping out; using the above solution or using glass as the backplane package can solve the infiltration of water vapor on the front and back, but it does not consider how the water vapor that enters the module seeps out for a long time. There is also the problem of component failure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The first object of the present invention is to solve the failure problem caused by the corrosion of the cells in the module by water vapor, and to provide a water-resistant and anti-PID type solar cell module, which realizes high water resistance in the cell area of the cell panel, and achieves high water resistance in the cell gap area. To achieve low water resistance, strong water resistance protection for the cell area, in addition, water vapor can be allowed to enter and exit at the gap, so that the water vapor does not accumulate inside the module.

The first object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A water-blocking and anti-PID type solar cell module, comprising a backplane, a lower encapsulation film, a battery plate, an EVA film and glass, a water-blocking layer is arranged on the backplane or the lower encapsulation film, and the ^The water blocking layer includes a high water ^blocking area and a low water blocking area. /m ² .d ^-1 .

When the module generates electricity during the day, the temperature of the battery module is higher than the ambient temperature, and the water vapor can seep out from the inside of the battery module through the low-resistance water area; when the module does not work at night, the high-resistance water can prevent the water vapor from infiltrating the inside of the module from the environment.

Preferably, the high-resistance water area is located in the cell area of the battery panel, and the low-resistance water area is located in the space between the cell sheets.

Preferably, the high water resistance area is located in the cell area of the battery plate and part of the cell space, and the low water resistance area is located in part of the cell space.

Preferably, the cell spacing where the low-resistance water region is located accounts for 80% or more of all cell spacings.

Preferably, the high water resistance region is an organic thin film with a thickness between 0.1 micrometers and 100 micrometers.

Preferably, the water blocking layer is disposed on the backplane, and is located between the backplane and the lower encapsulation film.

Preferably, the water blocking layer is provided with two or more layers.

Preferably, the composition of the organic thin film is a polymer containing p-xylene or its halogenated derivative in the main chain, or biphenyl, benzoyloxybenzene, benzyl containing 1,4-phenylene in the main chain Polymers of amidobenzene and benzyliminobenzene.

Preferably, the component of the organic thin film is dichloro-p-xylylene dimer.

Preferably, the component of the organic thin film is a tetrachloro-p-xylene ring dimer.

Preferably, the component of the organic thin film is a polymer of p-phenylene terephthalamide.

Preferably, the component of the organic thin film is a polymer of terephthalate phenyl terephthalate.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned water-blocking and anti-PID type solar cell panel assembly, including the steps of forming a water-blocking layer, and the specific operation is (1) in a vacuum environment, the components of the water-blocking layer are pyrolyzed , generate free radicals, deposit on the backplane or the lower encapsulation film to form an organic film, and then remove the organic film corresponding to the interval between the cell sheets to form a water blocking layer on the backplane or the lower encapsulation film; or ( 2) Dissolve the components of the water blocking layer in a solvent, form an organic thin film by precision coating, then remove the organic thin film corresponding to the interval between the cell sheets, and form a water blocking layer on the backplane or the lower encapsulation film.

Preferably, the solvent is a strong polar solvent of xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene or 2,4-pentanedione.

Preferably, the method of the organic thin film corresponding to the cell spacing is laser ablation, high-voltage plasma partial discharge, mechanical drilling, screen printing or roll transfer.

By implementing the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Partial water blocking of battery components can not only effectively prevent water vapor in the environment from entering the battery components, but also ensure that the water vapor entering the battery components is discharged;

2. Improve the anti-PID effect of battery components;

3. The formed organic film can be toughened and reduce the risk of battery chipping or cracking;

4. The formed dense organic thin film can prevent the damage to the passivation layer of the battery sheet caused by the metal ions in the packaging material or the outside world.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell assembly in Example 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell assembly in Example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell assembly in Example 4 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The content of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the present invention. Without departing from the technical idea of the present invention, various substitutions and changes are made according to ordinary technical knowledge and customary means in the field, All should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A water-blocking and anti-PID type solar panel assembly, as shown in FIG. 1 , includes a backplane 100, a lower encapsulation film 200, a battery plate 300, an EVA film 400 and a glass 500, and the structures are the same as those in the prior art. , the difference is that a water blocking layer is provided on the front side of the backplane 100 (ie, the contact surface with the lower encapsulation film 200 ), and the water blocking layer includes a high water resistance area 600a and a low water resistance area 600b. The water vapor transmission rate of the water area 600a is 0.1 g/m ² .d ^-1 , and the water vapor transmission rate of the low-resistance water area 600b is 6 g/m ² .d ^-1 . The high-resistance water area 600a is located in all the cell areas of the battery panel, and the low-resistance water area 600b is located in all the cell intervals of the battery panel. The composition of the water blocking layer is a polymer of p-phenylenediamine terephthalamide, which is deposited at room temperature and in a vacuum environment to form a high water blocking area 100a with a thickness of 2 microns.

Example 2

A water-blocking and anti-PID type solar panel assembly, as shown in FIG. 2 , includes a backplane 100, a lower encapsulation film 200, a battery plate 300, an EVA film 400 and a glass 500, and the structures are the same as those in the prior art. , the difference is that two water blocking layers are provided on the front side of the backplane 100 (ie, the contact surface with the lower encapsulation film 200 ), and the water blocking layers include a high water resistance area 600a and a low water resistance area 600b. The water vapor transmission rate of the high water resistance area 600a is 0.01 g/m ² .d ^-1 , and the water vapor transmission rate of the low water resistance area 600b is 10 g/m ² .d ^-1 . The high-resistance water area 600a is located in all the cell areas of the battery panel, and the low-resistance water area 600b is located in all the cell intervals of the battery panel. The composition of the water blocking layer is tetrachloro-p-xylene ring dimer. In a vacuum environment, the solid tetrachloro-p-xylene ring dimer sublimates to a gaseous state at about 150 °C; Cleavage of toluene ring dimer into reactive 2,5-dichloro-p-dimethylbenzene with free radicals; at room temperature (25°C), free 2,5-dichloro-p-dimethylbenzene in solid state The surface of the substrate is polymerized by deposition to form a pinhole-free organic film with a thickness of 20 microns.

Example 3

A water-blocking and anti-PID type solar panel assembly, as shown in FIG. 3 , includes a backplane 100, a lower encapsulation film 200, a battery plate 300, an EVA film 400 and a glass 500, and the structures are the same as those in the prior art. , the difference is that a water blocking layer is provided on the front side of the lower encapsulation adhesive film 200 (ie, the contact surface with the battery plate 300 ), and the water blocking layer includes a high water resistance area 600a and a low water resistance area 600b. The water vapor transmission rate of the region 600a is 0.3 g/m ² .d ⁻¹ , and the water vapor transmission rate of the low-resistance water region 600b is 7 g/m ² .d ⁻¹ . The high water resistance area 600a is located in the entire cell area and 10% of the cell space of the battery panel, and the low water resistance area 600b is located in 90% of the cell space of the battery panel.

Example 4

A water-blocking and anti-PID type solar cell panel assembly, comprising a back sheet 100, a lower encapsulation film 200, a battery plate 300, an EVA film 400 and a glass 500, each structure is the same as that in the prior art, the difference is that the lower encapsulation glue The membrane 200 is provided with a water blocking layer, the water blocking layer includes a high water blocking area 600a and a low water blocking area 600b, the water vapor transmission rate of the high water blocking area 600a is 0.05g/m ² .d ⁻¹ , The water vapor transmission rate of the low-resistance water region 600b is 9 g/m ² .d ⁻¹ . The high-resistance water area 600a is located in all the cell areas of the battery panel, and the low-resistance water area 600b is located in all the cell intervals of the battery panel.

Example 5

A water-blocking and anti-PID type solar panel assembly, as shown in FIG. 3 , includes a backplane 100, a lower encapsulation film 200, a battery plate 300, an EVA film 400 and a glass 500, and the structures are the same as those in the prior art. , the difference is that a water blocking layer is provided on the front side of the lower encapsulation adhesive film 200 (ie, the contact surface with the battery plate 300 ), and the water blocking layer includes a high water resistance area 600a and a low water resistance area 600b. The water vapor transmission rate of the region 600a is 0.01 g/m ² .d ⁻¹ , and the water vapor transmission rate of the low-resistance water region 600b is 15 g/m ² .d ⁻¹ . The high water resistance area 600a is located in the entire cell area and 20% of the cell space of the battery panel, and the low water resistance area 600b is located in 80% of the cell space of the battery panel.

Example 6

A method for preparing a water-blocking and anti-PID type solar cell panel assembly, the cell assembly described in Example 1 is prepared, and a weather-resistant coating, an insulating coating and a primer coating are sequentially coated on the back sheet 100, and terephthalene is applied. The polymer of acyl-p-phenylenediamide is dissolved in xylene, and an organic film is formed on the undercoat layer by precision coating, and then through processes (such as laser ablation, high-voltage plasma partial discharge, mechanical drilling, screen printing, etc.) , roller transfer, etc.) to remove part of the organic thin film, form a water blocking layer according to the set pattern, and then coat the adhesive layer with the lower encapsulation adhesive film 200 on the water blocking layer, and other structures are formed according to the prior art.

Example 7

A method for preparing a water-blocking and anti-PID type solar cell panel assembly, the cell assembly described in Example 2 is prepared, and two water-blocking layers are arranged on the front side of the back sheet 100 . Specific operation: coat the weather-resistant coating (Daikin FEVE resin coating GK570) and the primer layer (Eternal Chemical acrylic resin ETERSOL 6923) on the back plate 100 in sequence, and coat the polymer of terephthalate phenyl terephthalate. Dissolved in 2,4-pentanedione, an organic film is formed on the undercoat layer by precision coating, and then processed by processes (such as laser ablation, high-voltage plasma partial discharge, mechanical drilling, screen printing, roll transfer, etc. ) to remove part of the organic film, form a water-blocking layer according to the set pattern, and then coat the two-component polyurethane adhesive layer with the lower encapsulation film 200 on the water-blocking layer, and bond the PET insulating substrate with the primer layer, Repeatedly coat a layer of organic thin film, remove part of the organic thin film through processes (such as laser ablation, high-voltage plasma partial discharge, mechanical drilling, screen printing, roll transfer, etc.), form a water blocking layer according to the set pattern, and then An adhesive layer with the lower encapsulation adhesive film 200 is coated on the water blocking layer, and other structures are formed according to the prior art.

Comparative ratio

A solar cell panel assembly includes a back sheet 100 , a lower encapsulation adhesive film 200 , a battery plate 300 , an EVA adhesive film 400 and a glass 500 , and each structure is the same as that in the prior art.

The performance of the solar cell panel assemblies of each embodiment and comparative example was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Claims (10)

1. The waterproof and PID-resistant solar cell module comprises a back plate, a lower packaging adhesive film, a cell panel, an EVA adhesive film and glass, and is characterized in that a waterproof layer is arranged on the back plate or the lower packaging adhesive film, the waterproof layer comprises a high-water-resistance area and a low-water-resistance area, and the water vapor transmittance of the high-water-resistance area is less than 0.5g/m².d^-1The water vapor transmission rate of the low water resistance area is more than 5g/m².d^-1。

2. A water-blocking PID type solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high water-blocking regions are located in the cell areas of the cell panel, and the low water-blocking regions are located at the cell intervals.

3. A water-blocking PID type solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said high water-blocking region is an organic thin film with a thickness comprised between 0.1 micron and 100 micron.

4. A water-blocking PID-resistant solar cell module as claimed in claim 3, wherein the organic thin film is composed of a polymer having a main chain containing p-xylene or a halogenated derivative thereof, or a polymer of biphenyl, benzoyloxybenzene, benzoylaminobenzene, benzyliminobenzene having a main chain containing 1, 4-phenylene group.

5. The water-blocking and PID-resistant solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the water-blocking layer is disposed on the back sheet and between the back sheet and the lower encapsulant film.

6. A water-blocking PID-resistant solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-blocking layer is provided with two or more layers.

7. A water-blocking PID type solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high water-blocking region is located in the cell region of the cell panel and in the partial cell gap, and the low water-blocking region is located in the partial cell gap.

8. A water-blocking PID-resistant solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-water-resistance region is located at a cell interval of 80% or more of the total cell interval.

9. A water-blocking PID-resistant solar panel assembly manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising a water-blocking layer forming step, which is specifically operated to (1) pyrolysis of the components of the water-blocking layer under vacuum environment to generate free radicals, deposit the free radicals on the back plate or the lower packaging adhesive film to form organic thin films, remove the organic thin films corresponding to the cell spacing, and form a water-blocking layer on the back plate or the lower packaging adhesive film; or (2) dissolving the components of the water-resistant layer in a solvent, forming an organic film by precision coating, removing the organic film corresponding to the interval of the battery piece, and forming the water-resistant layer on the back plate or the lower packaging adhesive film.

10. A method of making a water-blocking and anti-PID type solar panel assembly according to claim 9, wherein the solvent is xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene or 2, 4-pentanedione.

Images