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CN111726030A - A linear ultrasonic motor and method for applying constant pre-pressure - Google Patents

A linear ultrasonic motor and method for applying constant pre-pressure Download PDF

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CN111726030A
CN111726030A CN202010446281.9A CN202010446281A CN111726030A CN 111726030 A CN111726030 A CN 111726030A CN 202010446281 A CN202010446281 A CN 202010446281A CN 111726030 A CN111726030 A CN 111726030A
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guide cylinder
stator
push rod
threaded push
positioning column
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CN111726030B (en
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曹腾
余德
李晓牛
吴大伟
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/04Constructional details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/06Drive circuits; Control arrangements or methods

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种直线超声电机及其恒预压力施加方法,电机包含基座、定子、滑块、第一至第二定位柱、第一至第三转轴、导向筒、螺纹推杆、弹簧和转动头;螺纹推杆包含依次同轴固连的螺杆和光杆;螺杆和转动头螺纹相连,光杆和导向筒的内壁间隙配合;弹簧设置在导向筒中,分别和导向筒的封闭端、光杆相抵;第一定位柱和转动头转动相连;导向筒的封闭端和定子的一个夹持端转动相连;第二定位柱和定子的另一个夹持端转动相连;定子的驱动足和滑块相抵。本发明将能够达到准零静刚度特性,使直线超声电机的预压力保持恒定,以此保证电机运行过程中的稳定性,也能消除电机的加工误差、电机运行造成的磨损等对预压力产生的影响。

Figure 202010446281

The invention discloses a linear ultrasonic motor and a method for applying constant pre-pressure. The motor comprises a base, a stator, a slider, first to second positioning columns, first to third rotating shafts, a guide cylinder, a threaded push rod, and a spring and the rotating head; the threaded push rod includes a screw rod and a polished rod that are coaxially fixed in sequence; the screw rod and the rotating head are threadedly connected, and the polished rod and the inner wall of the guide cylinder are gap-fitted; The first locating post is rotatably connected to the rotating head; the closed end of the guide cylinder is rotatably connected to one clamping end of the stator; the second locating post is rotatably connected to the other clamping end of the stator; The invention can achieve quasi-zero static stiffness characteristics, keep the pre-pressure of the linear ultrasonic motor constant, thereby ensuring the stability of the motor during operation, and can also eliminate the machining error of the motor, the wear caused by the motor's operation, etc. on the pre-pressure Impact.

Figure 202010446281

Description

一种直线超声电机及其恒预压力施加方法A linear ultrasonic motor and method for applying constant pre-pressure

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种预压力施加方法,尤其涉及一种直线超声电机及其恒预压力施加方法。The invention relates to a method for applying pre-pressure, in particular to a linear ultrasonic motor and a method for applying constant pre-pressure.

背景技术Background technique

直线超声电机是一种利用逆压电效应的新型作动器,利用驱动足处质点的椭圆运动通过摩擦力来驱动动子运动。超声电机具有无电磁干扰、响应速度快、低速大转矩、耐高温、易于小型化、控制精度高等优点,所以超声电机具有巨大的应用前景,已经在航空航天、精密驱动、医疗器械、汽车、工业机床等很多行业得到了实际应用。由于其精密度高,很容易受到预压力波动影响,因此预压力对电机来说是一个非常关键的因素。Linear ultrasonic motor is a new type of actuator that utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect, which utilizes the elliptical motion of the particle at the drive foot to drive the mover motion through frictional force. Ultrasonic motors have the advantages of no electromagnetic interference, fast response, low speed and high torque, high temperature resistance, easy miniaturization, and high control accuracy. Therefore, ultrasonic motors have great application prospects and have been used in aerospace, precision drives, medical equipment, automobiles, etc. Many industries such as industrial machine tools have been practically applied. Because of its high precision, it is easily affected by preload fluctuations, so preload is a very critical factor for motors.

现有的超声电机由于预压力调节过后,无法因定子振幅变化而保持预压力不变。The existing ultrasonic motor cannot keep the pre-pressure unchanged due to the change of the stator amplitude after the pre-pressure is adjusted.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对背景技术中所涉及到的缺陷,提供一种直线超声电机及其恒预压力施加方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a linear ultrasonic motor and a method for applying constant pre-pressure thereof in view of the defects involved in the background technology.

本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案:The present invention adopts the following technical solutions for solving the above-mentioned technical problems:

一种直线超声电机,包含基座、定子、滑块、第一至第二定位柱、第一至第三转轴、导向筒、螺纹推杆、弹簧和转动头;A linear ultrasonic motor, comprising a base, a stator, a slider, first to second positioning columns, first to third rotating shafts, a guide cylinder, a threaded push rod, a spring and a rotating head;

所述第一定位柱、第二定位柱均固定在所述基座上;The first positioning column and the second positioning column are both fixed on the base;

所述螺纹推杆包含依次同轴固连的螺杆和光杆;The threaded push rod includes a screw rod and a polished rod that are coaxially fixed in sequence;

所述第一定位柱通过所述第一转轴和所述转动头转动相连,使得转动头能够相对第一定位柱自由转动;The first positioning column is rotatably connected to the rotating head through the first rotating shaft, so that the rotating head can freely rotate relative to the first positioning column;

所述转动头上设和所述螺杆相匹配的螺纹通孔;The rotating head is provided with a threaded through hole matched with the screw;

所述导向筒为一端封闭、另一端开口的空心圆柱体;The guide cylinder is a hollow cylinder with one end closed and the other end open;

所述螺纹推杆的螺杆穿过所述转动头上的螺纹通孔、和所述转动头螺纹相连,螺纹推杆的光杆和所述导向筒的内壁间隙配合、能够相对所述导向筒自由滑动;所述弹簧设置在所述导向筒中,一端和所述导向筒的封闭端相抵、另一端和所述螺纹推杆的光杆相抵;The screw rod of the threaded push rod passes through the threaded through hole on the rotating head and is threadedly connected to the rotating head. The polished rod of the threaded push rod and the inner wall of the guide cylinder are in clearance fit and can freely slide relative to the guide cylinder. ; The spring is arranged in the guide cylinder, one end is abutted against the closed end of the guide cylinder, and the other end is abutted against the polished rod of the threaded push rod;

所述基座上设有滑槽,所述滑块设置在滑槽中,能够沿滑槽自由滑动;The base is provided with a chute, and the slider is arranged in the chute and can slide freely along the chute;

所述定子两侧均设有夹持端;Both sides of the stator are provided with clamping ends;

所述导向筒的封闭端通过所述第二转轴和所述定子的一个夹持端转动相连,使得导向筒能够相对定子自由转动;The closed end of the guide cylinder is rotatably connected to a clamping end of the stator through the second rotating shaft, so that the guide cylinder can freely rotate relative to the stator;

所述第二定位柱通过所述第三转轴和所述定子的另一个夹持端转动相连,使得定子能够相对第二定位柱自由转动;The second positioning column is rotatably connected to the other clamping end of the stator through the third rotating shaft, so that the stator can freely rotate relative to the second positioning column;

所述第一至第三转轴相互平行且垂直于所述螺纹推杆;The first to third shafts are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the threaded push rod;

所述定子上设有驱动足和若干压电陶瓷片,且驱动足和所述滑块相抵;The stator is provided with a driving foot and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets, and the driving foot is in contact with the slider;

所述螺纹推杆用于调整所述导向筒中弹簧的压缩量进而调整所述驱动足和所述滑块之间的预紧力,所述定子用于通过驱动足驱动滑块沿基座上的滑槽滑动。The threaded push rod is used to adjust the compression amount of the spring in the guide cylinder to adjust the pre-tightening force between the driving foot and the sliding block, and the stator is used to drive the sliding block along the base on the base through the driving foot. The chute slides.

作为本发明一种直线超声电机进一步的优化方案,所述螺纹推杆的螺杆远离光杆一端的端面上设有内六角凹槽。As a further optimized solution of a linear ultrasonic motor of the present invention, an inner hexagonal groove is provided on the end face of the screw rod of the threaded push rod at one end away from the polished rod.

本发明还公开了一种该直线超声电机的恒预压力施加方法,包含以下步骤:The invention also discloses a method for applying constant pre-pressure of the linear ultrasonic motor, comprising the following steps:

令O1为所述第三转轴轴线,O2为所述第二转轴轴线,O3为所述第一转轴轴线,k是弹簧弹性系数,d为弹簧压缩量,r是O1到O2的距离,L是O1到O3的距离;令垂直于O1的平面分别和O1、O2、O3相交于A、B、C三点,θ是AB和AC之间的夹角;f为驱动足和滑块之间的预紧力,则:Let O1 be the third shaft axis, O2 be the second shaft axis, O3 be the first shaft axis, k be the spring coefficient of elasticity, d be the spring compression, and r be O1 to O2 , L is the distance from O 1 to O 3 ; let the planes perpendicular to O 1 intersect with O 1 , O 2 , and O 3 at points A, B, and C, respectively, and θ is the angle between AB and AC ; f is the preload force between the drive foot and the slider, then:

Figure BDA0002505872510000021
Figure BDA0002505872510000021

通过旋转螺纹推杆的螺杆调整d,能够进一步调整f的大小,并保持准刚度特性。By adjusting d by rotating the screw of the threaded push rod, the size of f can be further adjusted while maintaining the quasi-stiffness characteristics.

本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比,具有以下技术效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, and has the following technical effects:

1.本发明将螺纹推杆、弹簧和导向筒组成预压力施加机构,通过调节螺纹推杆来压缩弹簧,使得弹力的分力产生合适的预压力,当电机的振幅发生变化时,弹簧的压缩量会发生微幅度改变,但是只要弹簧压缩量变化幅度在一定的范围δ之内,弹簧对电机施加预压力f基本不变;1. In the present invention, a threaded push rod, a spring and a guide cylinder are formed into a pre-pressure applying mechanism, and the spring is compressed by adjusting the threaded push rod, so that the component force of the elastic force generates a suitable pre-pressure. When the amplitude of the motor changes, the compression of the spring There will be a slight change in the amount of spring, but as long as the change in the spring compression amount is within a certain range δ, the pre-pressure f applied by the spring to the motor is basically unchanged;

2.电机在运行过程中位置不免会有微小偏差,电机的固定约束部位都是采用转动连接的方式,这样有利于电机位置的调整,且电机的预压力f基本不发生改变,这样就可以保证电机运行过程中的稳定性,也能消除电机的加工误差、电机运行造成的磨损等对预压力产生的影响。2. There will inevitably be slight deviations in the position of the motor during operation. The fixed and restrained parts of the motor are all connected by rotation, which is conducive to the adjustment of the position of the motor, and the pre-pressure f of the motor does not change basically, so as to ensure that The stability of the motor during operation can also eliminate the influence of the machining error of the motor and the wear caused by the motor operation on the preload.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

图2是本发明中第一定位柱、第一转轴、导向筒、螺纹推杆、弹簧、转动头相配合的结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation of the first positioning column, the first rotating shaft, the guide cylinder, the threaded push rod, the spring and the rotating head in the present invention;

图3是本发明中螺纹推杆的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural representation of threaded push rod in the present invention;

图4是本发明中所述准零刚度分析示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of the quasi-zero stiffness analysis described in the present invention;

图5是本发明中所述预压力与L的曲线图。Figure 5 is a graph of the pre-pressure versus L in the present invention.

图中,1-定子,2-滑块,3-导向筒,4-螺纹推杆,5-转动头,6-第一定位柱,7-第二定位柱,8-基座,9-弹簧,10-第一转轴,11-光杆,12-螺杆,13-内六角凹槽。In the figure, 1-stator, 2-slider, 3-guide cylinder, 4-threaded push rod, 5-rotating head, 6-first positioning column, 7-second positioning column, 8-base, 9-spring , 10- the first shaft, 11- polished rod, 12- screw, 13- hexagonal groove.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:

本发明可以以许多不同的形式实现,而不应当认为限于这里所述的实施例。相反,提供这些实施例以便使本公开透彻且完整,并且将向本领域技术人员充分表达本发明的范围。在附图中,为了清楚起见放大了组件。The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be considered limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.

如图1所示,本发明提供了一种直线超声电机,包含基座、定子、滑块、第一至第二定位柱、第一至第三转轴、导向筒、螺纹推杆、弹簧和转动头;As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a linear ultrasonic motor, which includes a base, a stator, a slider, first to second positioning columns, first to third rotating shafts, a guide cylinder, a threaded push rod, a spring and a rotating head;

所述第一定位柱、第二定位柱均固定在所述基座上;The first positioning column and the second positioning column are both fixed on the base;

如图3所示,所述螺纹推杆包含依次同轴固连的螺杆和光杆;As shown in FIG. 3 , the threaded push rod includes a screw rod and a polished rod that are coaxially connected in sequence;

所述第一定位柱通过所述第一转轴和所述转动头转动相连,使得转动头能够相对第一定位柱自由转动;The first positioning column is rotatably connected to the rotating head through the first rotating shaft, so that the rotating head can freely rotate relative to the first positioning column;

所述转动头上设和所述螺杆相匹配的螺纹通孔;The rotating head is provided with a threaded through hole matched with the screw;

所述导向筒为一端封闭、另一端开口的空心圆柱体;The guide cylinder is a hollow cylinder with one end closed and the other end open;

如图2所示,所述螺纹推杆的螺杆穿过所述转动头上的螺纹通孔、和所述转动头螺纹相连,螺纹推杆的光杆和所述导向筒的内壁间隙配合、能够相对所述导向筒自由滑动;所述弹簧设置在所述导向筒中,一端和所述导向筒的封闭端相抵、另一端和所述螺纹推杆的光杆相抵;As shown in FIG. 2 , the screw rod of the threaded push rod passes through the threaded through hole on the rotating head and is threadedly connected to the rotating head. The guide cylinder slides freely; the spring is arranged in the guide cylinder, one end abuts against the closed end of the guide cylinder, and the other end abuts against the polished rod of the threaded push rod;

所述基座上设有滑槽,所述滑块设置在滑槽中,能够沿滑槽自由滑动;The base is provided with a chute, and the slider is arranged in the chute and can slide freely along the chute;

所述定子两侧均设有夹持端;Both sides of the stator are provided with clamping ends;

所述导向筒的封闭端通过所述第二转轴和所述定子的一个夹持端转动相连,使得导向筒能够相对定子自由转动;The closed end of the guide cylinder is rotatably connected to a clamping end of the stator through the second rotating shaft, so that the guide cylinder can freely rotate relative to the stator;

所述第二定位柱通过所述第三转轴和所述定子的另一个夹持端转动相连,使得定子能够相对第二定位柱自由转动;The second positioning column is rotatably connected to the other clamping end of the stator through the third rotating shaft, so that the stator can freely rotate relative to the second positioning column;

所述第一至第三转轴相互平行且垂直于所述螺纹推杆;The first to third shafts are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the threaded push rod;

所述定子上设有驱动足和若干压电陶瓷片,且驱动足和所述滑块相抵;The stator is provided with a driving foot and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets, and the driving foot is in contact with the slider;

所述螺纹推杆用于调整所述导向筒中弹簧的压缩量进而调整所述驱动足和所述滑块之间的预紧力,所述定子用于通过驱动足驱动滑块沿基座上的滑槽滑动。The threaded push rod is used to adjust the compression amount of the spring in the guide cylinder to adjust the pre-tightening force between the driving foot and the sliding block, and the stator is used to drive the sliding block along the base on the base through the driving foot. The chute slides.

所述螺纹推杆的螺杆远离光杆一端的端面上设有内六角凹槽。An inner hexagonal groove is provided on the end face of one end of the screw rod of the threaded push rod away from the polished rod.

本发明还公开了一种该直线超声电机的恒预压力施加方法,包含以下步骤:The invention also discloses a method for applying constant pre-pressure of the linear ultrasonic motor, comprising the following steps:

令O1为所述第三转轴轴线,O2为所述第二转轴轴线,O3为所述第一转轴轴线,k是弹簧弹性系数,d为弹簧压缩量,r是O1到O2的距离,L是O1到O3的距离;令垂直于O1的平面分别和O1、O2、O3相交于A、B、C三点,θ是AB和AC之间的夹角;f为驱动足和滑块之间的预紧力,则:Let O1 be the third shaft axis, O2 be the second shaft axis, O3 be the first shaft axis, k be the spring coefficient of elasticity, d be the spring compression, and r be O1 to O2 , L is the distance from O 1 to O 3 ; let the planes perpendicular to O 1 intersect with O 1 , O 2 , and O 3 at points A, B, and C, respectively, and θ is the angle between AB and AC ; f is the preload force between the drive foot and the slider, then:

Figure BDA0002505872510000041
Figure BDA0002505872510000041

通过旋转螺纹推杆的螺杆调整d,能够进一步调整f的大小。The size of f can be further adjusted by adjusting d by rotating the screw of the threaded push rod.

角度θ,长度L可根据不同的r长度,由以上公式自由设计;角度θ,长度L,长度r确定后可通过所述旋转螺纹杆增加(或减小)预紧力而不改变机构准零静刚度特性,如图4所示。The angle θ, length L can be freely designed according to the above formula according to different r lengths; after the angle θ, length L, and length r are determined, the preload can be increased (or decreased) by the rotating threaded rod without changing the mechanism quasi-zero The static stiffness characteristics are shown in Figure 4.

如图5所示,在选取一个合适的角度θ后,由f和L的关系图像得出一段f不随L的变化而变化的区间δ,该区间为L的设计范围。As shown in Figure 5, after selecting an appropriate angle θ, an interval δ in which f does not change with the change of L is obtained from the relationship image between f and L, and this interval is the design range of L.

调节螺纹推杆来压缩弹簧,使得弹簧弹力的分力能提供电机所需的预压力,当电机的振幅发生变化时,弹簧的压缩量会发生微幅度改变,但是只要弹簧压缩量变化幅度在一定的范围δ之内,弹簧对电机施加预压力f基本不变。工件在组装过程中不可避免的会出现一些误差,且电机运行过程中也会出现磨损现象,该预压力施加机构的使用能在一定范围内消除这些由于误差带来的预压力变动的问题,从而保证电机能稳定的运行,能得到稳定的输出特性。Adjust the threaded push rod to compress the spring, so that the component force of the spring force can provide the pre-pressure required by the motor. When the amplitude of the motor changes, the compression of the spring will change slightly, but as long as the change of the spring compression is within a certain range Within the range of δ, the pre-pressure f applied by the spring to the motor is basically unchanged. There will inevitably be some errors in the assembly process of the workpiece, and the wear phenomenon will also occur during the operation of the motor. The use of the pre-pressure applying mechanism can eliminate these problems of pre-pressure fluctuations caused by errors within a certain range, thereby Ensure that the motor can run stably and obtain stable output characteristics.

本技术领域技术人员可以理解的是,除非另外定义,这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是,诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义,并且除非像这里一样定义,不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in the general dictionary should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and, unless defined as herein, are not to be taken in an idealized or overly formal sense. explain.

以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1.一种直线超声电机,其特征在于,包含基座、定子、滑块、第一至第二定位柱、第一至第三转轴、导向筒、螺纹推杆、弹簧和转动头;1. A linear ultrasonic motor, characterized in that it comprises a base, a stator, a slider, a first to a second positioning column, a first to a third rotating shaft, a guide cylinder, a threaded push rod, a spring and a rotating head; 所述第一定位柱、第二定位柱均固定在所述基座上;The first positioning column and the second positioning column are both fixed on the base; 所述螺纹推杆包含依次同轴固连的螺杆和光杆;The threaded push rod includes a screw rod and a polished rod that are coaxially fixed in sequence; 所述第一定位柱通过所述第一转轴和所述转动头转动相连,使得转动头能够相对第一定位柱自由转动;The first positioning column is rotatably connected to the rotating head through the first rotating shaft, so that the rotating head can freely rotate relative to the first positioning column; 所述转动头上设和所述螺杆相匹配的螺纹通孔;The rotating head is provided with a threaded through hole matched with the screw; 所述导向筒为一端封闭、另一端开口的空心圆柱体;The guide cylinder is a hollow cylinder with one end closed and the other end open; 所述螺纹推杆的螺杆穿过所述转动头上的螺纹通孔、和所述转动头螺纹相连,螺纹推杆的光杆和所述导向筒的内壁间隙配合、能够相对所述导向筒自由滑动;所述弹簧设置在所述导向筒中,一端和所述导向筒的封闭端相抵、另一端和所述螺纹推杆的光杆相抵;The screw rod of the threaded push rod passes through the threaded through hole on the rotating head and is threadedly connected to the rotating head. The polished rod of the threaded push rod and the inner wall of the guide cylinder are in clearance fit and can freely slide relative to the guide cylinder. ; The spring is arranged in the guide cylinder, one end is abutted against the closed end of the guide cylinder, and the other end is abutted against the polished rod of the threaded push rod; 所述基座上设有滑槽,所述滑块设置在滑槽中,能够沿滑槽自由滑动;The base is provided with a chute, and the slider is arranged in the chute and can slide freely along the chute; 所述定子两侧均设有夹持端;Both sides of the stator are provided with clamping ends; 所述导向筒的封闭端通过所述第二转轴和所述定子的一个夹持端转动相连,使得导向筒能够相对定子自由转动;The closed end of the guide cylinder is rotatably connected to a clamping end of the stator through the second rotating shaft, so that the guide cylinder can freely rotate relative to the stator; 所述第二定位柱通过所述第三转轴和所述定子的另一个夹持端转动相连,使得定子能够相对第二定位柱自由转动;The second positioning column is rotatably connected to the other clamping end of the stator through the third rotating shaft, so that the stator can freely rotate relative to the second positioning column; 所述第一至第三转轴相互平行且垂直于所述螺纹推杆;The first to third shafts are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the threaded push rod; 所述定子上设有驱动足和若干压电陶瓷片,且驱动足和所述滑块相抵;The stator is provided with a driving foot and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets, and the driving foot is in contact with the slider; 所述螺纹推杆用于调整所述导向筒中弹簧的压缩量进而调整所述驱动足和所述滑块之间的预紧力,所述定子用于通过驱动足驱动滑块沿基座上的滑槽滑动。The threaded push rod is used to adjust the compression amount of the spring in the guide cylinder to adjust the pre-tightening force between the driving foot and the sliding block, and the stator is used to drive the sliding block along the base on the base through the driving foot. The chute slides. 2.根据权利要求1所述的直线超声电机,其特征在于,所述螺纹推杆的螺杆远离光杆一端的端面上设有内六角凹槽。2 . The linear ultrasonic motor according to claim 1 , wherein an inner hexagonal groove is provided on the end surface of the end face of the screw rod of the threaded push rod away from the polished rod. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的直线超声电机的恒预压力施加方法,其特征在于,包含以下步骤:3. The constant pre-pressure applying method of linear ultrasonic motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 令O1为所述第三转轴轴线,O2为所述第二转轴轴线,O3为所述第一转轴轴线,k是弹簧弹性系数,d为弹簧压缩量,r是O1到O2的距离,L是O1到O3的距离;令垂直于O1的平面分别和O1、O2、O3相交于A、B、C三点,θ是AB和AC之间的夹角;f为驱动足和滑块之间的预紧力,则:Let O1 be the third shaft axis, O2 be the second shaft axis, O3 be the first shaft axis, k be the spring coefficient of elasticity, d be the spring compression, and r be O1 to O2 , L is the distance from O 1 to O 3 ; let the planes perpendicular to O 1 intersect with O 1 , O 2 , and O 3 at points A, B, and C, respectively, and θ is the angle between AB and AC ; f is the preload force between the drive foot and the slider, then:
Figure FDA0002505872500000021
Figure FDA0002505872500000021
通过旋转螺纹推杆的螺杆调整d,能够进一步调整f的大小,但其准刚度特性不变。By adjusting d by rotating the screw of the threaded push rod, the size of f can be further adjusted, but its quasi-stiffness characteristics remain unchanged.
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