CN111723166B - Track data processing method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明实施例涉及计算机技术领域,尤其涉及一种轨迹数据处理方法及系统。The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of computer technology, and in particular to a trajectory data processing method and system.
背景技术Background technique
基于轨迹数据发布的位置服务已经广泛应用于人们的日常生活中,有价值的轨迹数据可用于查询导航信息或交通情况报告,可以有效地提高城市换乘的质量,提高出行效率。但是由于用户直接提交的数据中可能包含很多个人敏感信息,如身份信息等。如果将真实的轨迹信息直接发布,容易遭到恶意攻击,攻击者会对轨迹数据使用者或者其发布的位置、语义等内容进行分析与挖掘,由此推断出敏感数据,比如家庭住址、工作地点、健康状况,甚至社会关系。Location-based services based on trajectory data have been widely used in people's daily life. Valuable trajectory data can be used to query navigation information or traffic report, which can effectively improve the quality of urban transfers and improve travel efficiency. However, the data directly submitted by the user may contain a lot of personal sensitive information, such as identity information. If the real trajectory information is released directly, it is vulnerable to malicious attacks. The attacker will analyze and mine the trajectory data user or its published location, semantics, etc., and infer sensitive data, such as home address and work location. , health status, and even social relationships.
现有轨迹发布隐私保护研究工作中,已经有很多隐私保护方法被提出。这些方法大都是通过独立地或组合地采用诸如假名替换、轨迹聚类等技术来保护轨迹数据。现有的轨迹发布隐私保护方法中,轨迹聚类方法的使用较为广泛。轨迹聚类方法是按照一定的规则将轨迹进行分类,遵从规则只发布真实轨迹的部分片段。In the existing track release privacy protection research work, many privacy protection methods have been proposed. Most of these methods protect trajectory data by adopting techniques such as pseudonym replacement and trajectory clustering independently or in combination. Among the existing trajectory publishing privacy protection methods, the trajectory clustering method is widely used. The trajectory clustering method is to classify the trajectory according to certain rules, and only publish some fragments of the real trajectory according to the rules.
然而,在现有技术中,通过轨迹聚类的方法处理后的轨迹数据,与真实的未受处理的轨迹数据相比,前者极可能是由多段轨迹(可能是不相连)组成的,获取的轨迹数据集无法对城市交通规划起到指导作用,同时也无法对用户的隐私数据得到较好的保护。However, in the prior art, compared with the real unprocessed trajectory data, the trajectory data processed by the trajectory clustering method is likely to be composed of multi-segment trajectories (may not be connected), and the obtained Trajectory data sets cannot play a guiding role in urban traffic planning, and at the same time, they cannot better protect users' private data.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种轨迹数据处理方法及系统,用以解决现有技术中对于用户的轨迹数据隐私保护程度不高,同时经过处理后的轨迹数据无法满足城市交通规划方面可用性的问题。Embodiments of the present invention provide a trajectory data processing method and system to solve the problem in the prior art that the privacy protection of user trajectory data is not high, and the processed trajectory data cannot meet the usability of urban traffic planning.
第一方面,本发明实施例提供一种轨迹数据处理方法,包括:In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a trajectory data processing method, including:
根据隐私保护程度,获取轨迹处理参数;Obtain trajectory processing parameters according to the degree of privacy protection;
根据所述轨迹处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移处理,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点,对所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点进行延伸处理,获取绑定轨迹段;According to the trajectory processing parameters, offset processing is performed on the starting point and the end point in the original trajectory data to obtain a starting point offset point and an end point offset point, and an extension process is performed on the starting point offset point and an end point offset point to obtain a binding Fixed track segment;
在原始轨迹数据集中,所有内起点和内终点之间的路径,选取其中PoI得分满足预设条件并且途经点语义种类满足预设条件的路径,作为最内部轨迹段;In the original trajectory data set, for all the paths between the inner starting point and the inner end point, select the path whose PoI score meets the preset conditions and the semantic type of the passing point meets the preset conditions, as the innermost trajectory segment;
将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段,将所述内部轨迹段进行延伸,获得隐私保护后的轨迹;connecting the innermost trajectory segment with the bound trajectory segment to form an internal trajectory segment, and extending the internal trajectory segment to obtain a privacy-protected trajectory;
其中,所述内起点为所述原始轨迹数据中的起点偏移处理后,形成的绑定轨迹段的末端点;Wherein, the inner starting point is the end point of the bound track segment formed after the starting point offset processing in the original track data;
其中,所述内终点为所述原始轨迹数据中的终点偏移处理后,形成的绑定轨迹段的首端点。Wherein, the inner end point is the first end point of the bound track segment formed after the end point offset processing in the original track data.
第二方面,本发明实施例提供一种轨迹数据处理系统,包括:In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a trajectory data processing system, including:
参数获取模块,用于根据隐私保护程度,获取轨迹处理参数;A parameter acquisition module, configured to acquire trajectory processing parameters according to the degree of privacy protection;
绑定轨迹段获取模块,用于根据所述轨迹处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移处理,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点,对所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点进行延伸处理,获取绑定轨迹段;Binding trajectory segment acquisition module, used to offset the starting point and end point in the original trajectory data according to the trajectory processing parameters, obtain the starting point offset point and the end point offset point, and offset the starting point and the end point The offset point is extended to obtain the bound trajectory segment;
最内部轨迹段获取模块,用于在原始轨迹数据集中,所有内起点和内终点之间的路径,选取其中PoI得分满足预设条件并且途经点语义种类满足预设条件的路径,作为最内部轨迹段;The innermost track segment acquisition module is used to select the path between all inner start points and inner end points in the original track data set, where the PoI score meets the preset conditions and the semantic type of the passing point meets the preset conditions, as the innermost track part;
轨迹生成模块,用于将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段,将所述内部轨迹段进行延伸,获得隐私保护后的轨迹;A trajectory generation module, configured to connect the innermost trajectory segment with the bound trajectory segment to form an internal trajectory segment, and extend the internal trajectory segment to obtain a privacy-protected trajectory;
其中,所述内起点为所述原始轨迹数据中的起点偏移处理后,形成的绑定轨迹段的末端点;Wherein, the inner starting point is the end point of the bound track segment formed after the starting point offset processing in the original track data;
其中,所述内终点为所述原始轨迹数据中的终点偏移处理后,形成的绑定轨迹段的首端点。Wherein, the inner end point is the first end point of the bound track segment formed after the end point offset processing in the original track data.
第三方面,本发明实施例提供一种电子设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如上述第一方面所提供的轨迹数据处理方法的步骤。In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, and the processor implements the above-mentioned first aspect when executing the program. Steps of the provided trajectory data processing method.
第四方面,本发明实施例提供一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上述第一方面所提供的轨迹数据处理方法的步骤。In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the trajectory data processing method provided in the above-mentioned first aspect are implemented. .
本发明实施例提供的方法,通过随机选择真实起止点之间的具有相似热门程度的轨迹段来保护用户的轨迹信息,可以抵御长期观察攻击,同时通过增加真实起止点前后的轨迹,保留并保护真实起止点的信息,保持发布轨迹数据集在城市交通规划中的可用性。The method provided by the embodiment of the present invention protects the user's trajectory information by randomly selecting trajectory segments with similar popularity between the real start and end points, which can resist long-term observation attacks. The information of real starting and ending points keeps the availability of published trajectory datasets in urban traffic planning.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明一实施例提供的轨迹数据处理方法的流程示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a trajectory data processing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明一实施例提供的轨迹数据处理系统的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a trajectory data processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明一实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
参考图1,图1为本发明一实施例提供的轨迹数据处理方法的流程示意图,所提供的方法包括:Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a trajectory data processing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the provided method includes:
S1,根据隐私保护程度,获取轨迹处理参数;S1, according to the degree of privacy protection, obtain trajectory processing parameters;
S2,根据所述轨迹处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移处理,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点,对所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点进行延伸处理,获取绑定轨迹段;S2. Perform offset processing on the start point and end point in the original track data according to the track processing parameters to obtain a start point offset point and an end point offset point, and perform extension processing on the start point offset point and end point offset point, Get the bound track segment;
S3,在原始轨迹数据集中,所有内起点和内终点之间的路径,选取其中PoI得分满足预设条件并且途经点语义种类满足预设条件的路径,作为最内部轨迹段;S3, in the original trajectory data set, for all the paths between the inner starting point and the inner end point, select the path whose PoI score meets the preset conditions and the semantic type of the passing point meets the preset conditions, as the innermost trajectory segment;
S4,将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段,将所述内部轨迹段进行延伸,获得隐私保护后的轨迹;S4. Connect the innermost trajectory segment with the bound trajectory segment to form an internal trajectory segment, and extend the internal trajectory segment to obtain a privacy-protected trajectory;
其中,所述内起点为所述原始轨迹数据中的起点偏移处理后,形成的绑定轨迹段的末端点;Wherein, the inner starting point is the end point of the bound track segment formed after the starting point offset processing in the original track data;
其中,所述内终点为所述原始轨迹数据中的终点偏移处理后,形成的绑定轨迹段的首端点;Wherein, the inner end point is the first end point of the bound track segment formed after the end point offset processing in the original track data;
其中,所述PoI得分具体为采用量化打分的形式,对一条路径中所有的途经点周围一定距离范围内的PoI情况进行评估。Wherein, the PoI score specifically adopts the form of quantitative scoring to evaluate the PoI situation within a certain distance range around all passing points in a route.
具体的,在轨迹数据处理中,为保护用户隐私,需要构建一定的背景知识,从而设计出更有效、更合理的隐私保护方案。本发明实施例中背景知识主要由三部分构成:第一部分是利用真实、未处理的轨迹数据集,求出的每个点(即路口)的转移概率(进入该点或从该点出发两个方向,即入度和出度转移概率);第二部分是由每个点周边PoI(Point ofInterest)情况,得出每个点的PoI得分用于评估其热门程度;第三部分是参考语义划分标准确定每个点的语义,每个点有且只有一个语义。Specifically, in trajectory data processing, in order to protect user privacy, it is necessary to build certain background knowledge, so as to design a more effective and reasonable privacy protection scheme. In the embodiment of the present invention, the background knowledge is mainly composed of three parts: the first part is to utilize the real, unprocessed track data set, the transition probability of each point (i.e. crossing) obtained (entering this point or departing from this point two times) Direction, that is, in-degree and out-degree transition probability); the second part is the PoI (Point of Interest) situation around each point, and the PoI score of each point is used to evaluate its popularity; the third part is the reference semantic division The standard determines the semantics of each point, and each point has one and only one semantics.
在本实施例中,对轨迹数据处理的步骤包括参数的输入。真实起止点偏移与绑定轨迹段的生成以及新轨迹生成的步骤。首先,对于参数的输入,轨迹数据拥有者根据主客观条件和环境所需的隐私保护程度,确定真实起止点偏移的范围大小、真实起止点绑定轨迹段的长短、新的轨迹生成时真实起止点绑定轨迹段向外延伸的长短等参数。In this embodiment, the step of processing trajectory data includes inputting parameters. The steps of true start-stop offset and bound trajectory segment generation and new trajectory generation. First of all, for the input of parameters, the owner of the trajectory data determines the range of the offset of the real start and end points, the length of the bound trajectory segment of the real start and stop points, and the true The starting and ending points are bound to parameters such as the length of the outward extension of the track segment.
在获取轨迹处理参数后,进行真实起止点偏移与绑定轨迹段生成步骤,该步骤首先选择出原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点在一定范围内的偏移点。然后在偏移点的基础上,向前、后延伸得到真实起点和终点偏移后的绑定轨迹段。延伸过程中考虑每个点转移概率大小,延伸点与真实点在PoI得分上尽量接近,与真实点或已选延伸点尽量在语义上不重复等因素。After the trajectory processing parameters are obtained, the steps of real starting and ending point offset and bound trajectory segment generation are carried out. This step first selects the offset point in the original trajectory data whose starting point and ending point are within a certain range. Then, on the basis of the offset point, extend forward and backward to obtain the bound trajectory segment after the offset of the real start point and end point. During the extension process, the transition probability of each point is considered, the PoI score of the extension point and the real point is as close as possible, and the semantics of the real point or the selected extension point are not repeated as much as possible.
随后在新轨迹生成的步骤中,首先在真实、未处理轨迹集中,遍历前后经过内起点和内终点之间的路径,再随机选择PoI得分与绑定轨迹段PoI得分接近,且覆盖了较多不同语义的路径,成为最内部轨迹段。再将最内部轨迹段与两段绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段。然后将内部轨迹段再向前、后延伸,这种延伸过程与第二步的延伸过程类似,最终构成与原始轨迹对应的、隐私保护后的轨迹。Then, in the step of generating new trajectories, firstly, in the real and unprocessed trajectories set, traverse the path between the inner start point and the inner end point before and after, and then randomly select the PoI score close to the PoI score of the bound trajectory segment, and cover more Paths with different semantics, become innermost trajectory segments. Then connect the innermost track segment with the two bound track segments to form the inner track segment. Then, the internal trajectory segment is extended forward and backward. This extension process is similar to the extension process of the second step, and finally forms a privacy-protected trajectory corresponding to the original trajectory.
其中,所述向前或向后是与真实起止点向量的方向进行对比,与起止点向量方向相反,则称为向前;反之,则称为向后。所述PoI得分表示用量化打分的形式,对一个位置周围或一条路径路过的所有途经点PoI(Point ofInterest)情况进行评估。所述内起点,是指真实起点偏移后、形成的绑定轨迹段末端点。所述内终点,是指真实终点偏移后、形成的绑定轨迹段首端点。Wherein, the forward or backward is compared with the direction of the real start-stop vector, and the direction opposite to the start-stop vector is called forward; otherwise, it is called backward. The PoI score represents the evaluation of the PoI (Point of Interest) conditions around a location or all passing points of a path in the form of quantitative scoring. The inner starting point refers to the end point of the bound trajectory segment formed after the real starting point is offset. The inner end point refers to the first end point of the bound trajectory segment formed after the real end point is offset.
通过此方法,通过随机选择真实起止点之间的具有相似热门程度的轨迹段来保护用户的轨迹信息,可以抵御长期观察攻击,同时通过增加真实起止点前后的轨迹,保留并保护真实起止点的信息,保持发布轨迹数据集在城市交通规划中的可用性。Through this method, the user's trajectory information can be protected by randomly selecting trajectory segments with similar popularity between the real start and end points, which can resist long-term observation attacks. information to maintain the availability of published trajectory datasets for urban mobility planning.
在上述实施例的基础上,所述根据隐私保护程度,获取轨迹处理参数的步骤,具体包括:根据隐私保护程度,确定轨迹处理参数;其中,所述轨迹处理参数包括但不限于原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点偏移点所在的范围面积、绑定轨迹段长度和绑定轨迹段向外延伸长度。On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the step of obtaining trajectory processing parameters according to the degree of privacy protection specifically includes: determining the trajectory processing parameters according to the degree of privacy protection; wherein, the trajectory processing parameters include but are not limited to the original trajectory data The area of the range where the start and end offset points of , the length of the bound track segment and the outward extension length of the bound track segment.
具体的,用户根据主客观条件和环境所需的隐私保护程度确定合适的参数,这些参数将影响方案的轨迹数据隐私性、所需代价和轨迹数据可用性。Specifically, the user determines the appropriate parameters according to the subjective and objective conditions and the degree of privacy protection required by the environment. These parameters will affect the trajectory data privacy, required cost and trajectory data availability of the scheme.
所述轨迹数据隐私性需要两个维度:一是衡量发布后短期的隐私保护效果;二是衡量发布数据后长期的隐私保护效果。所述发布后短期隐私保护效果,是只考虑当前发布的轨迹数据的调整情况、发布轨迹覆盖真实起止点情况和考虑全部的背景信息;所述发布数据后长期隐私保护效果,是在短期保护效果的基础上,还要考虑历史上相同真实起止点的轨迹调整情况。The privacy of trajectory data requires two dimensions: one is to measure the short-term privacy protection effect after release; the other is to measure the long-term privacy protection effect after data release. The short-term privacy protection effect after the release refers to only considering the adjustment of the currently released trajectory data, the real start and end points of the release trajectory, and all background information; the long-term privacy protection effect after the release of the data is the short-term protection effect. On the basis of the same real starting and ending points in history, the trajectory adjustment of the same real starting and ending points should also be considered.
所需代价主要指的是计算开销、历史数据存储开销。轨迹数据可用性指的是轨迹收集使用者使用发布的轨迹,仍能挖掘出用户的出行习惯和出行需求等信息。The required cost mainly refers to computing overhead and historical data storage overhead. Trajectory data availability refers to the fact that the trajectory collection users use the published trajectories, and information such as the user's travel habits and travel needs can still be mined.
所述参数包括:真实起止点可选择的偏移点所在范围的面积大小r,真实起止点绑定轨迹段的长短,即向前或向后总共转移节点(跳)数:ki∈[2,4];新的轨迹生成时,真实起止点绑定轨迹段向前或向后延伸的长短,即向前或向后转移节点(跳)数:kf∈[2,8]和kb∈[2,8];中间轨迹段选择时,可接受的PoI得分偏差α(即起点偏移后轨迹段的PoI得分LA,终点偏移后轨迹段的PoI得分LB,进行最内部轨迹段选择时,可备选的轨迹段PoI得分区间为(LA-α,LB+α)或(LB-α,LA+α)。The parameters include: the area size r of the range where the offset point can be selected at the real start-stop point, the length of the real start-stop point bound trajectory segment, that is, the total number of transfer nodes (jumps) forward or backward: k i ∈ [2 , 4]; when a new trajectory is generated, the length of the trajectory segment bounded by the real starting and ending points extends forward or backward, that is, the number of forward or backward transfer nodes (hops): k f ∈ [2, 8] and k b ∈[2,8]; when selecting the middle trajectory segment, the acceptable PoI score deviation α (that is, the PoI score L A of the trajectory segment after the starting point is offset, and the PoI score L B of the trajectory segment after the end point is offset), and the innermost trajectory During segment selection, the optional trajectory segment PoI score interval is ( LA -α, L B +α) or ( LB -α, L A +α).
通过此方法,设置了多种参数,支持变化的轨迹数据隐私性、所需代价和轨迹数据可用性。因此,轨迹发布者可以根据服务对象(轨迹数据使用者)需求在内的主客观环境,随时改变参数,以此实现轨迹数据隐私性、所需代价和轨迹数据可用性的动态平衡。With this approach, various parameters are set to support varying trajectory data privacy, required cost, and trajectory data availability. Therefore, the trajectory publisher can change the parameters at any time according to the subjective and objective environment including the needs of the service object (trajectory data user), so as to achieve a dynamic balance between the privacy of trajectory data, the required cost and the availability of trajectory data.
在上述实施例的基础上,所述根据所述估计处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移处理,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点,对所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点进行延伸处理,获取绑定轨迹段的步骤,具体包括:根据轨迹处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点;分别以所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点作为起点,向前和/或后进行延伸预设数量的节点,生成起点偏移点的绑定轨迹段和终端偏移点的绑定轨迹段。On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, according to the estimated processing parameters, the starting point and the ending point in the original trajectory data are offset, and the starting point and the ending point are obtained, and the starting point and the ending point are obtained. The step of extending the end point offset point to obtain the bound track segment specifically includes: offsetting the start point and end point in the original track data according to the track processing parameters to obtain the start point offset point and the end point offset point; The start offset point and the end offset point are used as the starting point, and a preset number of nodes are extended forward and/or backward to generate a bound trajectory segment of the start offset point and a bound trajectory segment of the terminal offset point.
具体的,首先根据参数设定,将真实起止点在一个设定的小范围内进行偏移,得到真实起止点的偏移点,以偏移点为起点,向前/后进行延伸多个节点,以满足绑定轨迹段长度的设定。每一个选入绑定轨迹段的节点都应该与已选入轨迹段的节点在语义上尽量不同,且保持PoI得分上的接近。绑定的轨迹段是指在相同的参数设定的情况下,绑定的轨迹段是不会发生变化的,绑定的轨迹段上的点均拥有对应的绑定轨迹段。Specifically, firstly, according to the parameter setting, the real start and end points are offset within a set small range to obtain the offset point of the real start and end point, and the offset point is used as the starting point to extend forward/backward to multiple nodes , to meet the setting of the bound track segment length. Each node selected into the bound trajectory segment should be as semantically different as possible from the node selected into the trajectory segment, and keep the PoI score close. The bound track segment means that in the case of the same parameter setting, the bound track segment will not change, and the points on the bound track segment have corresponding bound track segments.
在上述实施例的基础上,所述根据原始轨迹数据集中,所有内起点和内终点之间的路径,选取其中PoI得分满足预设条件的路径,作为最内部轨迹段的步骤具体包括:遍历所有的原始轨迹数据中经过内起点和内终点的轨迹段,并计算所有轨迹段的PoI得分;选取其中PoI得分与所述绑定轨迹段最相近且途经点语义种类较多样的路径,作为最内部轨迹段。On the basis of the above-described embodiments, the step of selecting a path whose PoI score satisfies a preset condition as the innermost trajectory segment according to the path between all inner starting points and inner end points in the original trajectory data set specifically includes: traversing all In the original trajectory data of the original trajectory data, the trajectory segments passing through the inner starting point and the inner destination point are calculated, and the PoI scores of all trajectory segments are calculated; the path whose PoI score is the closest to the bound trajectory segment and has more semantic types of passing points is selected as the innermost track segment.
所述途经点为轨迹路过的地点;所述语义表示一个地点所属的工业功能,传达一个地点的位置信息,每一个地点有且只有一个语义。The passing point is the place where the trajectory passes by; the semantics indicates the industrial function to which a place belongs, conveys the location information of a place, and each place has one and only one semantics.
所述将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段,将所述内部轨迹段进行延伸,获得隐私保护后的轨迹的步骤,具体包括:将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段相连,构成内部轨迹段;根据预设条件,对内部轨迹段进行延伸,形成隐私保护后的轨迹;其中,所述预设条件包括但不限于:延伸长度、转移概率和PoI得分中的一种或多种的组合。The step of connecting the innermost track segment with the bound track segment to form an inner track segment, and extending the inner track segment to obtain a privacy-protected track specifically includes: connecting the innermost track segment The track segment is connected to the bound track segment to form an internal track segment; according to preset conditions, the internal track segment is extended to form a privacy-protected track; wherein, the preset conditions include but are not limited to: extension length, A combination of one or more of transition probabilities and PoI scores.
具体的,新的轨迹延伸后生成步骤中,在得到参数和真实起止点偏移后轨迹段后,根据全局背景知识、PoI得分和语义情况,输出调整后的轨迹数据。Specifically, in the post-extension generation step of the new trajectory, after obtaining the parameters and the offset trajectory segment of the real starting and ending points, the adjusted trajectory data is output according to the global background knowledge, PoI score and semantic situation.
首选挑选出最内部轨迹段,遍历所有真实轨迹数据,得到所有依次路过内起点和内终点的轨迹段,构成候选的最内部轨迹段集合。对候选集合内的每条轨迹段进行PoI得分和覆盖语义数量的统计。在满足PoI得分参数要求的轨迹段中,随机挑选出轨迹PoI得分与两个绑定轨迹段相对接近的、途经点覆盖语义种类相对较多的一条轨迹段,作为最内部轨迹段。将最内部轨迹段与两个绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段。在内部轨迹段的基础上生成可供发布的轨迹。以内部轨迹段起点(终点)为出发点,向前(向后)延伸,满足设定的参数。考虑选择点的PoI得分情况、覆盖语义情况和转移概率情况等因素。输出可供发布的、包含真实起止点相关信息的轨迹。The first choice is to select the innermost trajectory segment, traverse all the real trajectory data, and obtain all the trajectory segments that pass through the inner starting point and the inner end point in turn to form a set of candidate innermost trajectory segments. For each trajectory segment in the candidate set, the PoI score and the number of coverage semantics are counted. Among the trajectory segments that meet the requirements of the PoI score parameters, a trajectory segment with a trajectory PoI score that is relatively close to the two bound trajectory segments and that has a relatively large number of passing point coverage semantic types is randomly selected as the innermost trajectory segment. Concatenates the innermost track segment with the two bound track segments to form the inner track segment. Generates a release-ready track based on internal track segments. Take the starting point (end point) of the internal trajectory segment as the starting point, and extend forward (backward) to meet the set parameters. Factors such as the PoI score situation, coverage semantics situation, and transition probability situation of the selected point are considered. Outputs a release-ready trajectory containing information about true origins and stops.
通过此方法,通过遍历真实数据集从真实起点出发到真实终点的所有轨迹,从中选择覆盖尽可能多的语义,同时途径各点具有相似PoI得分的轨迹,从而抵御轨迹被重构,同时通过充分考虑攻击者的背景知识,能够抵御多种推断攻击,其中,背景知识主要有两方面组成:道路背景知识,例如,每个点的语义和PoI得分情况;出行习惯背景知识,例如,每个点的出度转移概率、入度转移概率。Through this method, by traversing all the trajectories of the real data set from the real starting point to the real end point, select the trajectories that cover as much semantics as possible and have similar PoI scores at each point of the path, so as to resist the reconstruction of the trajectories. Considering the background knowledge of the attacker, it can resist a variety of inference attacks. The background knowledge mainly consists of two aspects: road background knowledge, for example, the semantics and PoI score of each point; travel habit background knowledge, for example, each point The out-degree transition probability and in-degree transition probability of .
参考图2,图2为本发明一实施例提供的轨迹数据处理系统的结构示意图,所提供的系统包括:参数获取模块21、绑定轨迹段获取模块22、最内部轨迹段获取模块23和轨迹生成模块24。With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a trajectory data processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the provided system includes: a
其中,参数获取模块21用于根据隐私保护程度,获取轨迹处理参数。Wherein, the
绑定轨迹段获取模块22用于根据所述轨迹处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移处理,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点,对所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点进行延伸处理,获取绑定轨迹段。The binding trajectory
最内部轨迹段获取模块23用于根据原始轨迹数据集中,所有内起点和内终点之间的路径,选取其中PoI得分满足预设条件且途经点语义种类满足预设条件的路径,作为最内部轨迹段。The innermost track
轨迹生成模块24用于将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段,将所述内部轨迹段进行延伸,获得隐私保护后的轨迹。The trajectory generating module 24 is used to connect the innermost trajectory segment and the binding trajectory segment to form an internal trajectory segment, and extend the internal trajectory segment to obtain a privacy-protected trajectory.
其中,所述内起点为所述原始轨迹数据中的起点偏移处理后,形成的绑定轨迹段的末端点;其中,所述内终点为所述原始轨迹数据中的终点偏移处理后,形成的绑定轨迹段的首端点;其中,所述PoI得分具体为采用量化打分的形式,对一条路径中所有的途径点进行评估。Wherein, the inner starting point is the end point of the bound track segment formed after the starting point offset processing in the original track data; wherein, the inner end point is after the end point offset processing in the original track data, The first end point of the formed bound trajectory segment; wherein, the PoI score is specifically in the form of quantitative scoring to evaluate all the way points in a path.
具体的,对于参数的输入,轨迹数据拥有者根据主客观条件和环境所需的隐私保护程度,确定真实起止点偏移的范围大小、真实起止点绑定轨迹段的长短、新的轨迹生成时真实起止点绑定轨迹段向前或向后延伸的长短等参数。Specifically, for the input of parameters, the trajectory data owner determines the range of the real start-stop offset, the length of the real start-stop bound trajectory segment, and the time when the new trajectory is generated according to the subjective and objective conditions and the degree of privacy protection required by the environment. The real starting and ending points are bound to parameters such as the length of the trajectory segment extending forward or backward.
在获取轨迹处理参数后,进行真实起止点偏移与绑定轨迹段生成步骤,该步骤首先选择出原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点在一定范围内的偏移点。然后在偏移点的基础上,向前、后延伸得到真实起点和终点偏移后的绑定轨迹段。延伸过程中考虑每个点转移概率大小,延伸点与真实点在PoI得分上尽量接近,与真实点或已选延伸点尽量在语义上不重复等因素。After the trajectory processing parameters are obtained, the steps of real starting and ending point offset and bound trajectory segment generation are carried out. This step first selects the offset point in the original trajectory data whose starting point and ending point are within a certain range. Then, on the basis of the offset point, extend forward and backward to obtain the bound trajectory segment after the offset of the real start point and end point. During the extension process, the transition probability of each point is considered, the PoI score of the extension point and the real point is as close as possible, and the semantics of the real point or the selected extension point are not repeated as much as possible.
随后在新轨迹生成的步骤中,首先在真实、未处理轨迹集中,遍历前后经过内起点和内终点之间的路径,再随机选择PoI得分与绑定轨迹段PoI得分接近,且覆盖了较多不同语义的路径,成为最内部轨迹段。再将最内部轨迹段与两段绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段。然后将内部轨迹段再向前、后延伸,这种延伸过程与第二步的延伸过程类似,最终构成与原始轨迹对应的、隐私保护后的轨迹。Then, in the step of generating new trajectories, firstly, in the real and unprocessed trajectories set, traverse the path between the inner start point and the inner end point before and after, and then randomly select the PoI score close to the PoI score of the bound trajectory segment, and cover more Paths with different semantics, become innermost trajectory segments. Then connect the innermost track segment with the two bound track segments to form the inner track segment. Then, the internal trajectory segment is extended forward and backward. This extension process is similar to the extension process of the second step, and finally forms a privacy-protected trajectory corresponding to the original trajectory.
其中,所述向前或向后是与真实起止点向量的方向进行对比,与起止点向量方向相反,则称为向前;反之,则称为向后。所述PoI得分表示用量化打分的形式,对一个位置周围或一条路径路过的所有途经点PoI(Point of Interest)情况进行评估。所述内起点,是指真实起点偏移后、形成的绑定轨迹段末端点。所述内终点,是指真实终点偏移后、形成的绑定轨迹段首端点。Wherein, the forward or backward is compared with the direction of the real start-stop vector, and the direction opposite to the start-stop vector is called forward; otherwise, it is called backward. The PoI score represents the evaluation of the PoI (Point of Interest) conditions around a location or all passing points passing by a path in the form of quantitative scoring. The inner starting point refers to the end point of the bound trajectory segment formed after the real starting point is offset. The inner end point refers to the first end point of the bound trajectory segment formed after the real end point is offset.
通过此系统,通过随机选择真实起止点之间的具有相似热门程度的轨迹段来保护用户的轨迹信息,可以抵御长期观察攻击,同时通过增加真实起止点前后的轨迹,保留并保护真实起止点的信息,保持发布轨迹数据集在城市交通规划中的可用性。Through this system, the user's trajectory information can be protected by randomly selecting trajectory segments with similar popularity between the real starting and ending points, which can resist long-term observation attacks, and at the same time, by adding the trajectory before and after the real starting and ending points, the real starting and ending points can be preserved and protected. information to maintain the availability of published trajectory datasets for urban mobility planning.
图3为本发明一实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图,如图3所示,电子设备包括:处理器(processor)301、通信接口(Communications Interface)302、存储器(memory)303和总线304,其中,处理器301,通信接口302,存储器303通过总线304完成相互间的通信。处理器301可以调用存储器303中的逻辑指令,以执行如下方法,例如包括:根据隐私保护程度,获取轨迹处理参数;根据所述轨迹处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移处理,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点,对所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点进行延伸处理,获取绑定轨迹段;根据原始轨迹数据集中,所有内起点和内终点之间的路径,选取其中PoI得分满足预设条件并且途经点语义种类满足预设条件的路径,作为最内部轨迹段;将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段,将所述内部轨迹段进行延伸,获得隐私保护后的轨迹。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 3, the electronic device includes: a processor (processor) 301, a communication interface (Communications Interface) 302, a memory (memory) 303 and a
本发明实施例公开一种计算机程序产品,计算机程序产品包括存储在非暂态计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序,计算机程序包括程序指令,当程序指令被计算机执行时,计算机能够执行上述各方法实施例所提供的方法,例如包括:根据隐私保护程度,获取轨迹处理参数;根据所述轨迹处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移处理,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点,对所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点进行延伸处理,获取绑定轨迹段;根据原始轨迹数据集中,所有内起点和内终点之间的路径,选取其中PoI得分满足预设条件并且途经点语义种类满足预设条件的路径,作为最内部轨迹段;将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段,将所述内部轨迹段进行延伸,获得隐私保护后的轨迹。The embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by the computer, the computer can execute the above methods. The method provided by the embodiment, for example, includes: obtaining the trajectory processing parameters according to the degree of privacy protection; according to the trajectory processing parameters, performing offset processing on the starting point and the ending point in the original trajectory data to obtain the starting point offset point and the ending point offset point, extend the start offset point and the end offset point to obtain the bound trajectory segment; according to the original trajectory data set, all paths between the inner start point and the inner end point are selected, wherein the PoI score satisfies the preset condition and The path whose semantic type of the passing point satisfies the preset condition is used as the innermost track segment; the innermost track segment is connected with the bound track segment to form an inner track segment, and the inner track segment is extended to obtain privacy trajectory after protection.
本实施例提供一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质,非暂态计算机可读存储介质存储计算机指令,计算机指令使计算机执行上述各方法实施例所提供的方法,例如包括:根据隐私保护程度,获取轨迹处理参数;根据所述轨迹处理参数,对原始轨迹数据中的起点和终点进行偏移处理,获得起点偏移点和终点偏移点,对所述起点偏移点和终点偏移点进行延伸处理,获取绑定轨迹段;根据原始轨迹数据集中,所有内起点和内终点之间的路径,选取其中PoI得分满足预设条件并且途经点语义种类满足预设条件的路径,作为最内部轨迹段;将所述最内部轨迹段与所述绑定轨迹段进行连接,构成内部轨迹段,将所述内部轨迹段进行延伸,获得隐私保护后的轨迹。This embodiment provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions. The computer instructions cause the computer to execute the methods provided in the above-mentioned method embodiments, for example, including: according to the degree of privacy protection, Obtain trajectory processing parameters; according to the trajectory processing parameters, perform offset processing on the starting point and the end point in the original trajectory data, obtain the starting point offset point and the end point offset point, and perform the offset processing on the starting point offset point and the end point offset point Extend processing to obtain bound trajectory segments; according to the original trajectory data set, all the paths between the inner start point and the inner end point, select the path whose PoI score meets the preset conditions and the semantic type of the passing point meets the preset conditions, as the innermost trajectory segment; connecting the innermost track segment with the bound track segment to form an inner track segment, and extending the inner track segment to obtain a privacy-protected track.
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下,即可以理解并实施。The device embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in One place, or it can be distributed to multiple network elements. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts.
通过以上的实施方式的描述,本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现,当然也可以通过硬件。基于这样的理解,上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中,如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。Through the above description of the implementations, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course also by hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products can be stored in computer-readable storage media, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic discs, optical discs, etc., including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
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