CN111713187B - A multi-scraper soil cleaning device for grape vines and construction machinery installed with the device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-scraper soil cleaning device for vines and construction machinery installed with the device, including a frame, a plurality of first scrapers, a plurality of second scrapers, a plurality of soil transport scrapers, and a third scraper , telescopic device, distance measuring sensor device and control unit; the first scraper, the second scraper and the third scraper are installed on the same side of the frame in sequence along the forward direction, the first scraper and the second scraper The soil plate is installed in a misplaced position, the protruding part of the second mold plate is larger than the protruding part of the first mold plate; the soil moving scraper is installed on the other side of the frame, and the soil moving scraper The plate is located behind the second moldboard; the angle α between the second moldboard and the forward direction is greater than the angle β between the soil moving scraper and the forward direction; the third moldboard is connected to the telescopic device, and the control unit is connected to the The distance measuring sensor device is connected with the telescopic device; the invention removes as much soil as possible from the grape vines, and reduces the situation of blocked soil when the scraper clears the soil.

Description

A multi-scraper soil cleaning device for grape vines and construction machinery installed with the device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a multi-scraper soil cleaning device for vines and construction machinery equipped with the device.

Background technique

China's wine grapes are grown in a wide range of areas, most of which are located in the north and are planted in open-air hedges. Due to the cold and dry winter in Northwest China, the pruned vines need to be removed from the shelf and buried in the soil before winter comes. In the next spring, when the weather warms up, it will be unearthed and put on the shelf. Nowadays, the process of clearing soil and vines in vineyards in most areas of China is to use a single-scraper soil clearer to scrape soil first, and then manually clear soil and vines, and the degree of mechanization is relatively low. Raising vines in spring is a field operation with great labor intensity and high quality requirements. The efficiency of manual work is low, and the cost of labor is getting higher and higher. The intelligence and mechanization of the spring grape soil removal and vine removal device can greatly improve the work efficiency and greatly improve the quality of the operation. By using the grape soil clearing machine, the grape growers can greatly save the cost of the grape planting process, which can greatly improve the economic benefits of the grape planting industry, and also play a certain role in promoting the sustainable development of the grape industry.

At present, there are different technical means to carry out the vine clearing operation of grape vines. Commonly used are scraper clearing, sweeping plate cleaning and wind force clearing. For example, the Chinese patent CN207573854U authorized on July 6, 2018 scrapes the upper layer of soil on the grape vines to the inside of the row through the soil scraping mechanism above the covering soil, and the impeller soil cleaning mechanism scrapes the soil on the edge of the grape vines and the soil scraper. The soil is rotated inwards towards the viticulture row. For example, the Chinese patent 108337934A published on July 31, 2018, uses a large scraper and a movable scraper for obstacle avoidance to remove the soil on the sides and top of the vine, and uses a contact sensor and a hydraulic control device to realize the obstacle avoidance of the movable scraper Function. For example, the Chinese patent CN109937629A disclosed on June 28, 2019 uses a high-pressure blower to carry out wind blowing type soil removal. For example, in the Chinese patent 110089216A published on August 6, 2019, the sprocket drive device controls the rotation of the cleaning head, and the soil covered by grape vines is cleaned by the sweeping disc.

However, many problems have been found in scientific research experiments and engineering practice. The upper soil scraping mechanism is easily constrained by the wire frame above the soil ridge, which cannot be widely promoted and has low versatility. Sweeping disc type soil removal is easy to damage vines, while wind blowing type soil removal does not damage vines, but the forward speed is low and the soil removal efficiency is not high. Since there is only one scraper in the single scraper cleaning operation, the unremoved overburden will collapse after scraping, causing the vines to be buried again, and the removal efficiency is low. At the same time, a single scraper needs to transport a large amount of covering soil to the row, and the large scraper needs to have sufficient length, which leads to the rapid progress of the soil removal operation, otherwise the soil will flow on the scraper for a long time. The scraper is seriously blocked by soil, and the size of the device in the forward direction is too large. However, the fast forward speed will lead to the inability to control the lateral penetration depth of the scraper, and there will be problems such as low removal efficiency and damage to vines. Too fast forward speed has also caused the problem that the scraper type soil clearer cannot be combined with the wind blowing type soil clearer to clear the soil, and cannot complete the one-time soil clearing operation of the soil ridge.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-scraper soil cleaning device for vines, which integrates multiple scrapers, has high soil cleaning efficiency, simple structure, and is not easy to block the soil. In addition, it can reduce the soil congestion during the soil removal operation with the scraper, reduce the size of the device, and can be used in combination with the wind-blown soil removal rattan machine.

The invention also proposes a construction machine installed with the device.

The multi-scraper soil removal device for vines can be pulled by the engineering machinery on which the device is installed, for example, under the traction of a tractor, the first scraper first cleans off a part of the side soil, and the second scraper cleans a part of the side soil. Multiple side covering soils can also be installed according to needs, and multiple soil transport scrapers can also be installed according to needs, and the covering soil cleaned by the scraper scraper can be transported to the row, which solves the serious problem of backed up soil existing in a single large scraper. The third moldboard further removes the collapsed overburden. The third moldboard is driven by a linear electric cylinder and has a telescopic function. Using the real-time distance measurement function of the distance measuring sensor, the third moldboard can automatically expand and contract, and always keep it close to the position where the vines are buried. The overburden is removed as much as possible and can greatly reduce the extent of scraper damage to vines buried in the soil over the winter. At the same time, since the multi-scraper soil clearing device will not block the soil when it is moving at a low speed, it can be combined with the subsequent wind blowing type soil clearing equipment to become a compound soil clearing machine, which can complete the soil clearing of the entire soil ridge at one time. Raising vines creates possibilities.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-scraper soil cleaning device for vines, including a frame, a plurality of first scrapers, a plurality of second scrapers, a plurality of soil transport scrapers, a third scraper, and a telescopic device , a distance measuring sensor device and a control unit; the first moldboard, the second moldboard and the third moldboard are sequentially installed on the same side of the frame along the forward direction, and the first moldboard and the second The moldboards are misplaced, and the part of the second moldboard protruding out of the frame is larger than the part of the first moldboard protruding out of the frame; the soil moving scraper is installed on the other side of the frame, and The soil-moving scraper is located behind the second scraper; the angle α between the second scraper and the forward direction is greater than the angle β between the soil-moving scraper and the forward direction; the telescopic device is installed on the frame , the third moldboard is connected with the telescopic device, and the control unit is respectively connected with the distance measuring sensor device and the telescopic device.

In the above solution, the telescopic device includes an electric cylinder, a sliding seat, a slider guide rail and a fixed frame; one end of the electric cylinder is connected to the sliding seat, and the sliding seat is connected to the slider guide rail, and the slider guide rail is installed on the On the frame, one end of the fixed frame is connected to the sliding seat, and the third moldboard is installed on the other end of the fixed frame; the electric cylinder is used to drive the third moldboard to extend out of the frame.

Further, one end of the electric cylinder is connected to the sliding seat through a fixing plate.

Further, one end of the fixed frame is provided with an arc-shaped plate, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the circumference of the arc-shaped plate, and different through holes are connected with sliding seats, and the clamping between the third moldboard and the forward direction is adjusted. angle theta.

In the solution above, the distance measuring sensor device includes a distance measuring sensor and a sensor installation cover; the sensor installation cover is installed on one side of the frame, and the distance measurement sensor is installed on the sensor installation cover.

In the above solution, the lengths of the first soil scraper, the second soil scraper and the earth moving scraper are shorter than that of the traditional large scraper.

In the above solution, the size of the first moldboard and the second moldboard is larger than that of the third moldboard.

In the above solution, the first moldboard, the second moldboard and the soil moving scraper are respectively connected to the frame through U-shaped bolts I; the first moldboard and the second moldboard are connected through U-shaped bolts I adjust the front and rear positions, and the soil-moving scraper adjusts the lateral position of the soil-moving scraper through U-shaped bolts I.

In the above solution, a three-point suspension frame is also included; the three-point suspension frame is welded on the front end of the frame.

An engineering machine includes the multi-scraper soil cleaning device for grape vines.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention designs a multi-scraper combined soil cleaning method, which is better than the traditional single-scraper type soil cleaning machine, and one-side soil can be removed by one-time soil cleaning. Clean, high soil removal efficiency; the amount of soil removal by a single large scraper is now carried out by the first scraper and the second scraper respectively, so the covering soil that needs to be cleaned by a single scraper is reduced, and the scraping time is shortened The length of the large scraper greatly reduces the amount of soil blocked by the scraper; the invention uses a distance measuring sensor to measure the distance between the sensor and the grape trellis column in real time, and adjusts the depth of the third scraper into the soil through the telescopic device to keep the third scraper The soil plate is infinitely close to the area where the vines are buried, which improves the removal rate of the covered soil and reduces the damage rate of the vines, and has a high degree of intelligence; the invention can perform soil cleaning operations at low speeds, so it can be compared with high-definition soil performance but the working speed The combination of relatively low wind blowing soil cleaners greatly improves the efficiency of soil removal.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a grapevine multi-scraper soil cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a multi-scraper installation position diagram in a grapevine multi-scraper soil cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an installation diagram of a sliding seat and a fixed frame in a grapevine multi-scraper soil cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the connection between the electric cylinder and the sliding seat in the grapevine multi-scraper soil cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional large scraper of a traditional grapevine soil removal device.

In the figure: 1. Electric cylinder, 2. Soil scraper, 3. Frame, 4. Pull rod, 5. Three-point suspension frame, 6. Sensor installation cover, 7. Distance measuring sensor, 8. First scraper , 9. U-bolt Ⅰ, 10. Second moldboard, 11. Third moldboard, 12. U-bolt Ⅱ, 13. Fixing frame, 1301. Arc plate, 1302. Through hole, 14. Slider Block guide rail, 15. sliding seat, 1501. sliding seat through hole, 16. fixed plate, 1601. fixed plate through hole, 17. traditional big scraper.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description , rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

Example 1

Figures 1 and 2 show a preferred embodiment of the multi-scraper soil removal device for grape vines. The multi-scraper soil removal device for grape vines includes a frame 3, several first scraper boards 8, several The second moldboard 10, several soil moving scrapers 2, the third moldboard 11, telescopic device, distance measuring sensor device and control unit; the first moldboard 8, the second moldboard 10 and the third moldboard The moldboards 11 are sequentially installed on the same side of the frame 3 along the advancing direction, the first moldboard 8 and the second moldboard 10 are installed in dislocation, and the part of the second moldboard 10 protruding from the frame 3 It is larger than the part of the first scraper 8 protruding out of the frame 3. The first scraper 8 scrapes off a part of the soil, and then the second scraper 10 scrapes off a part of the soil. Therefore, the original single scraper The amount of soil that needs to be removed by the board is now removed separately by two scrapers, which reduces the amount of backed up soil by a single scraper. The soil-moving scraper 2 is installed on the other side of the frame 3, and the soil-moving scraper 2 is located behind the second soil scraper 10; the angle α between the second soil scraper 10 and the advancing direction is greater than The included angle β between the soil moving scraper 2 and the forward direction is convenient for transporting overburden; the telescopic device is installed on the frame 3, the third scraper 11 is connected with the telescopic device, and the control unit is connected with the distance measuring sensor device and the telescopic device respectively. Telescoping device connection.

Preferably according to this embodiment, the telescopic device includes an electric cylinder 1, a sliding seat 15, a slider guide rail 14 and a fixed frame 13; one end of the electric cylinder 1 is connected to the sliding seat 15, and the sliding seat 15 is connected to the slider The guide rail 14 is connected, the slider guide rail 14 is installed on the frame 3, one end of the fixed frame 13 is connected with the sliding seat 15, and the third moldboard 11 is installed on the other side of the fixed frame 13 through the U-shaped bolt II12. One end; the electric cylinder 1 is used to drive the third moldboard 11 to extend out of the frame 3 . The electric cylinder 1 pushes the sliding seat 15, and the sliding seat 15 slides on the slider guide rail 14, thereby driving the third moldboard 11 to move. The present invention uses the electric cylinder 1 as the implementation of the telescopic movement of the third moldboard 11. Components, fast response, can adjust the depth of entry in time.

As shown in Figure 3, preferably according to this embodiment, one end of the fixed frame 13 is provided with an arc-shaped plate 1301, and a plurality of through holes 1302 are arranged on the circumference of the arc-shaped plate 1301, and different through holes 1302 and The sliding seat 15 of the sliding seat 15 is connected to the through hole 1501 to adjust the angle θ between the third scraper 11 and the forward direction. Plate 11 has no back-up soil.

As shown in Figure 4, one end of the electric cylinder 1 is connected to the sliding seat 15 through a fixed plate 16, and the terminal screw at one end of the electric cylinder 1 passes through the fixed plate through hole 1601 on the fixed plate 16, and cooperates with the nut Install.

Preferably according to this embodiment, the distance measuring sensor device includes a distance measuring sensor 7 and a sensor installation cover 6; the sensor installation cover 6 is installed on one side of the frame 3, and the distance measurement sensor 7 is installed on the sensor installation cover 6 . The distance measuring sensor 7 measures the distance between the sensor itself and the grape trellis column, and controls the expansion and contraction of the electric cylinder 1 by detecting the amount of change in the distance. Every time the distance measuring sensor 7 detects a column, the electric cylinder 1 One movement of the cylinder 1 can measure the distance between the sensor 7 and the grape trellis column in real time, adjust the depth of the third moldboard 11 through the telescopic device, keep the third moldboard 11 infinitely close to the area where the grape vines are buried, and improve the covering soil The clearance rate also reduces the damage rate of grape vines, and the degree of intelligence is high.

2 and 5, the length of the first soil scraper 8, the second soil scraper 10 and the soil moving scraper 2 is smaller than the size of the traditional large scraper 17, but must meet the cleaning It can reduce the flow time of soil on a single scraper and reduce the amount of soil blocked by the scraper. The multi-scraper combined soil cleaning method designed by the present invention is better than the traditional single-scraper-type soil-cleaning machine, and one-side soil can be cleaned at one time, and the soil-clearing efficiency is high; the original single traditional large scraper 17 The amount of soil removal is now carried out by the first scraper 8 and the second scraper 10 respectively, so the covering soil that needs to be cleaned by a single scraper is reduced, and the length of the large scraper is shortened, which greatly reduces the amount of scraping. Amount of blocked soil; preferably, the length of the first soil scraper 8, the second soil scraper 10 and the soil moving scraper 2 is 0.5 times that of the traditional large scraper 17.

Preferably according to this embodiment, the size of the first moldboard 8 and the second moldboard 10 is larger than the third moldboard 11, the first moldboard 8 and the second moldboard 10 are large scrapers, The 3rd soil scraper 11 is little scraper, saves material.

Preferably, according to this embodiment, the first soil scraper 8, the second soil scraper 10 and the soil moving scraper 2 are respectively connected to the frame 3 through U-shaped bolts I9;

The first soil scraper 8 and the second soil scraper 10 adjust the front and rear positions through the U-shaped bolt I9, so as to avoid the soil being blocked due to too close a distance; the soil-moving scraper 2 adjusts the soil-moving scraper through the U-shaped bolt I9 2 to ensure that the soil moving scraper 2 just receives the soil conveyed by the first soil scraper 8 and the second soil scraper 10, and is further transported to the row.

Preferably, according to this embodiment, a three-point suspension frame 5 is also included; the three-point suspension frame 5 is welded to the front end of the frame 3 and is strengthened and fixed by the tie rod 4 .

Preferably according to this embodiment, each scraper front end is equipped with a wear-resistant material steel plate.

The working process of the vine multi-scraper soil cleaning device of the present invention is as follows:

Through the three-point suspension frame 5, the multi-scraper soil clearing device for vines and the three-point suspension of construction machinery such as a tractor are fixed, and the front and rear positions of the first moldboard 8 and the second moldboard 10 are adjusted through U-shaped bolts I9 , adjust the lateral position of the soil transport scraper so that it can just transport the covering soil to the row. Pulled by the tractor, the first moldboard 8 first cleans off a part of the outer soil, and the second moldboard 10 cleans up a part of the soil, and the soil moving scraper 2 cleans the first moldboard 8 and the second moldboard 10. The overburden is conveyed to the row, which solves the serious problem of backed up soil existing in a single large scraper. The third moldboard 11 further removes the collapsed overburden, uses the distance measuring sensor 7 to measure the distance between the sensor and the fence post in real time, and adjusts the telescopic amount of the electric cylinder 1 so that the third moldboard 11 is always kept close to the vines. The buried position can not only remove as much soil as possible from the vines, but also greatly reduce the damage caused by the scraper to the vines buried in the soil in winter. Through the action of the multi-scraper combination of the present invention to clear the soil, the soil covering the vines is finally removed, and the soil is scraped and sent to the grape rows for use in re-burying the vines in winter. So far, the entire operation process has been completed.

Example 2

A kind of construction machine, comprises the multi-scraper soil clearing device of grape vine described in embodiment 1, therefore has the beneficial effect of embodiment 1, repeats no more here.

It should be understood that although this description is described according to various embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description of the description is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the description as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions for feasible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiment or All changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of vine scraper soil clearing device is characterized in that, comprises frame (3), some first soil scrapers (8), some second soil scrapers (10), some soil moving scrapers ( 2), the third moldboard (11), telescopic device, distance measuring sensor device and control unit; The first scraper (8), the second scraper (10) and the third scraper (11) are successively installed on the same side of the frame (3) along the advancing direction, and the first scraper (8) Installed in a misplaced position with the second moldboard (10), the protruding part of the second moldboard (10) to the outside of the frame (3) is larger than that of the first moldboard (8) to the outside of the frame (3) protruding part; The size of the first scraper (8) and the second scraper (10) is larger than that of the third scraper (11); The soil-moving scraper (2) is installed on the other side of the frame (3), and the soil-moving scraper (2) is positioned at the side rear of the second scraper (10); the second scraper ( 10) The included angle α with the advancing direction is greater than the included angle β between the soil moving scraper (2) and the advancing direction; The telescopic device is installed on the frame (3), the third moldboard (11) is connected with the telescopic device, and the control unit is respectively connected with the distance measuring sensor device and the telescopic device; The telescopic device includes an electric cylinder (1), a sliding seat (15), a slider guide rail (14) and a fixed frame (13); One end of the electric cylinder (1) is connected with the sliding seat (15), and the sliding seat (15) is connected with the slider guide rail (14), and the slider guide rail (14) is installed on the frame (3), One end of the fixed frame (13) is connected with the sliding seat (15), and the third moldboard (11) is installed on the other end of the fixed frame (13); the electric cylinder (1) is used to drive the third The distance that the moldboard (11) protrudes outward from the frame (3); One end of the fixed frame (13) is provided with an arc-shaped plate (1301), and the circumference of the arc-shaped plate (1301) is provided with a plurality of through holes (1302), and different through holes (1302) and sliding seats ( 15) Connect and adjust the angle θ between the third moldboard (11) and the forward direction. 2. grape vine multi-scraper soil clearing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ranging sensor device comprises ranging sensor (7) and sensor installation cover (6); Described sensor installation cover (6) ) is installed on one side of the frame (3), and the ranging sensor (7) is installed on the sensor mounting cover (6). 3. The multi-scraper soil removal device for grape vines according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first soil scraper (8), the second soil scraper (10) and the soil moving scraper (2) Length is smaller than the length of traditional large scraper (17). 4. The multi-scraper soil cleaning device for grape vines according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the electric cylinder (1) is connected to the sliding seat (15) through a fixing plate (16). 5. The multi-scraper soil cleaning device for grape vines according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first soil scraper (8), the second soil scraper (10) and the soil moving scraper (2) are respectively Connect with the frame (3) through U-bolt I (9); The first soil scraper (8) and the second scraper (10) adjust the front and rear positions through the U-shaped bolt I (9), and the soil moving scraper (2) adjusts the movement through the U-shaped bolt I (9). Lateral position of soil scraper (2). 6. The multi-scraper soil cleaning device for grape vines according to claim 1, further comprising a three-point suspension frame (5); the three-point suspension frame (5) is welded on the front end of the frame (3) . 7. An engineering machine, characterized in that it comprises the multi-scraper soil cleaning device for grape vines according to any one of claims 1-6.

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