CN111711284A - remote power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-distance power supply system, comprising: a central office equipment, a remote equipment and a guide cable, wherein, the central office equipment includes: a first working circuit, a first coil and a second coil; the first working circuit The circuit communicates with the first coil, the first coil and the second coil are coupled, and the number of turns of the second coil is greater than the number of turns of the first coil; the remote device includes: a load, a second working circuit, a third coil and a fourth coil; the second working circuit is communicated between the load and the third coil, the third coil and the fourth coil are coupled, and the fourth coil is The number of turns is greater than the number of turns of the third coil; the guide cable communicates between the second coil and the fourth coil. The long-distance power supply system of the present invention reduces energy consumption on the basis of realizing long-distance power supply.

Description

remote power supply system

technical field

The present invention relates to a remote power supply system.

Background technique

As an important infrastructure in communications and other fields, the construction of base stations will be in a stage of rapid development for a long time. The conventional power supply methods of communication base stations generally include direct power supply from the power supply bureau and transfer power supply methods transmitted by surrounding enterprises. With the rapid development of communication technology, from 4G to 5G, the layout density of base stations has been greatly expanded, and the system power consumption has also increased several times. There are problems in the coordination and communication in the early stage and the maintenance and management in the later stage, which cannot meet the needs of the rapid development of base station construction.

In addition, the power supply of base stations can also be remotely powered by communication companies, including DC remote power supply and AC remote power supply. However, special cables for AC and DC power transmission need to be erected. The power supply cables are laid outdoors for a long distance, not only there is line loss. , there are also problems such as personal safety, electrical safety and anti-theft. At the same time, with the continuous extension of communication network construction to remote areas, the quality of outdoor power supply is particularly poor, and even in places without commercial power, the problem of power supply of base stations is more prominent, and high-quality power supply is the key to reliable operation of network communication equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a long-distance power supply system, which can reduce line loss while realizing long-distance power supply.

The remote power supply system of the present invention includes: a central office device, a remote device and a guide cable, wherein the central office device includes: a power supply, a first working circuit, a first coil and a second coil; the first The working circuit is communicated between the power supply and the first coil, the first coil and the second coil are coupled, and the number of turns of the second coil is greater than the number of turns of the first coil; the remote end The device includes: a load, a second working circuit, a third coil and a fourth coil; the second working circuit is communicated between the load and the third coil, and the third coil and the fourth coil are coupled , and the number of turns of the fourth coil is greater than the number of turns of the third coil; the guide cable is communicated between the second coil and the fourth coil.

Preferably, the radius of the second coil is less than or equal to the radius of the first coil; the radius of the fourth coil is less than or equal to the radius of the third coil.

Preferably, the second coil, the fourth coil and the guide cable form a resonance circuit, and the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit is f; the distance between the second coil and the fourth coil is less than is equal to c/2πf, where c is the speed of light.

Preferably, a variable reactance component is also included; at least one of the second coil and the fourth coil is connected to the variable reactance component.

Preferably, the first working circuit includes: a central office DC converter, a central office inverter and a central office compensation circuit; the second working circuit includes: a remote filter, a remote DC converter and a remote compensation circuit.

Preferably, the central office equipment further includes a central office controller; the remote equipment further includes a remote controller; the central office controller and the remote controller are communicated through a communication cable.

Preferably, the central office equipment further includes a central office controller, a central office driver and a central office sensor; the central office driver communicates with the central office controller and the central office inverter; the central office sensor communicates with The central office controller and the central office compensation circuit; the central office controller is also in signal communication with the central office DC converter and the second coil respectively; the remote equipment further includes a remote controller and a remote terminal sensor; the remote sensor communicates with the load and the remote controller; the remote controller is also in signal communication with the remote filter, the remote DC converter and the fourth coil respectively; the central office The controller and the remote controller are communicated through a communication cable.

Preferably, the variable reactance component is an adjustable capacitor or an adjustable inductance.

Preferably, the guide cable and the communication cable form a cable assembly; or, the guide cable and the communication cable are the same cable.

The long-distance power supply system of the present invention reduces energy consumption on the basis of realizing long-distance power supply.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a long-distance power supply system of the present application;

2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the remote power supply system of the present application;

3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a resonant circuit in the remote power supply system of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a resonant circuit in the remote power supply system of the present application;

5 is a schematic diagram of a variable impedance component in the remote power supply system of the application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a base station network in the long-distance power supply system of the present application.

Reference number:

Central office equipment 1, remote equipment 2, guide cable 3, power supply 11, first working circuit 12, first coil 13, second coil 14, load 21, second working circuit 22, third coil 23, fourth Coil 24, Remote Controller 25, Remote Sensor 26, Central DC Converter 121, Central Inverter 122, Central Compensation Circuit 123, Remote Filter 221, Remote DC Converter 222, Remote Compensation circuit 223.

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, but not to be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

The present invention discloses a long-distance power supply system. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the system includes a central office device 1 , a remote device 2 and a guide cable 3 . The central office device 1 can be understood as a power provider, and the remote device 2 can be understood as a power receiver. The dot-dash line in the figure is for the convenience of distinguishing between the central office device 1 and the remote device 2 .

For example, when applied to a base station, a base station can have both a central office equipment 1 and a remote equipment 2, and the remote equipment 2 is used to receive power and supply it to the base station. Power is delivered to the next base station. In some embodiments, the remote device 2 can continue to transmit to the next-level remote device 2, which is equivalent to multi-coil cascading of wireless power transmission.

A mode in which one central office device 1 supplies power to multiple remote devices 2 at the same time can also be used, which is also called a star connection. Its advantage is that as long as there is power supply in one place, other places can obtain electricity, which solves the problem of "difficulty in finding electricity".

It can be seen that in the long-distance power supply system of this application, the central office equipment 1, the remote equipment 2 and the guide cable 3 are only units that form a minimum power supply path. In practical applications, the central office equipment 1, the remote equipment 2 and the guide wire There can be multiple cables 3 to form a large-area long-distance power supply network to achieve a wide range of power supply, rather than only being used for power supply between two points.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 , the central office equipment includes: a first working circuit 12 , a first coil 13 and a second coil 14 . The first working circuit 12 communicates with the first coil 13, the first coil 13 and the second coil 14 are coupled, and the number of turns of the second coil 14 is greater than the number of turns of the first coil 13. In a preferred embodiment, the radius of the second coil 14 is less than or equal to the radius of the first coil 13 .

When working, a power supply 11 is required as the input of electric energy. The first working circuit 12 has a power supply access port, and the power supply 11 is connected to the first working circuit 12 . As a source of electric power, the power source 11 may be provided by grid power supply or the like. In a network composed of multiple base stations, after some base stations receive power, they may also supply power to other base stations, so the base station after receiving power can be used as the power source 11 of other base stations that need power supply. ,

A battery can also be set on the base station, mainly to prevent the backup power supply after the power supply system has a problem. In practical applications, the base station is generally also equipped with a backup battery. The remote device includes: a load 21, a second working circuit 22, a third coil 23 and a fourth coil 24; the second working circuit 22 is communicated between the load 21 and the third coil 23, the third coil 23 and the fourth coil 24 Coupling, the number of turns of the fourth coil 24 is greater than the number of turns of the third coil 23 . In a preferred embodiment, the radius of the fourth coil 24 is smaller than or equal to the radius of the third coil 23 .

The guide cable 3 communicates between the second coil 14 and the fourth coil 24 .

The second coil 14 in the central office device 1, the fourth coil 24 in the remote device 2, and the guide cable 3 form a resonant circuit, and the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is f, the second coil 14 The distance from the fourth coil 24 is equal to or less than c/2πf. For example when the resonant frequency is 50kHz. The maximum distance between the central office equipment and the remote equipment is about 954 meters (because the calculation of π and the speed of light is involved, only rounding is used here as an example).

In some embodiments, a variable impedance component 4 is also included, and at least one of the second coil 14 and the fourth coil 24 is connected to the variable reactance component 4 . Generally, both the second coil 14 and the fourth coil 24 are connected to a variable reactance component 4 respectively. The variable reactance component 4 is an adjustable capacitor 41 or an adjustable inductance 42 .

Next, the first operation circuit 12 and the second operation circuit 22 will be described.

The first working circuit 12 includes: a central office DC converter 121, a central office inverter 122 and a central office compensation circuit 123; the second working circuit 22 includes: a remote filter 221, a remote DC converter 222 and a remote compensation circuit 223.

The central office device 1 further includes a central office controller 15 ; the remote device 2 further includes a remote controller 25 ; the central office controller 15 and the remote controller 25 are communicated through a communication cable 5 .

The central office equipment 1 further includes a central office controller 15, a central office driver 17 and a central office sensor 16; the central office driver 17 communicates with the central office controller 15 and the central office inverter 122; the central office sensor 16 communicates with the central office controller 15 and the central office compensation circuit 123; the central office controller 15 is also in signal communication with the central office DC converter 121 and the second coil 14; the remote device 2 further includes a remote controller 25 and a remote sensor 26; the remote sensor 26 Connect the load 21 and the remote controller 25; the remote controller 25 is also in signal communication with the remote filter 221, the remote DC converter 222, and the fourth coil 24; the central office controller 15 and the remote controller 25 pass through The communication cable 5 is connected.

In some embodiments, the central office controller 15 and the remote controller 25 may adopt a wireless communication manner, and in this manner, the communication cable 5 may not be used.

The working mode of the long-distance charging system in the present application will be described in detail below by taking a base station as an example.

Assuming that there are N base stations in an area, according to different planning schemes, each base station in the N base stations can be set with the central office equipment 1 and the remote equipment 2 at the same time. When supplying power, for example, the municipal power grid is used for power supply, and the power grid is connected to the central office equipment 1 of one or several base stations, and then the central office equipment 1 supplies power to the remote equipment 2 of other base stations. After the remote device 2 is powered, it can be used for the load, or it can be used to charge the battery of the base station. In addition, because the base station is provided with the central office equipment 1 and the remote equipment 2 at the same time, after the remote equipment 2 is powered on, it can also supply power to the subsequent base stations through the central office equipment 1 installed on the same base station. In this case, the first base station obtains power from the grid, which acts as the power source 11 . At the same time, the electric energy transmitted from the first base station to the second base station is used as the power source 11 of the second base station. That is, the power source 11 is a general term that can provide electrical energy, which can be either a power grid or a device that transmits electrical energy. Referring to Figure 6, a base station network is formed. The power supply 11 marked in the figure is provided by the power grid, and in subsequent base stations, the power supply 11 may be provided by a remote power supply system. Or it can be simply understood that the remote equipment 2 on a base station gets power, and the obtained power drives the base station to work on the one hand, and on the other hand, transmits it to the central office equipment 1 of the base station to be used as the power source 11, so that the power can continue to be backward. transmission.

Of course, in some embodiments, among the N base stations, one or several base stations obtain power from the power grid, and the remote device 2 may not be set, and one or several base stations only obtain power from other base stations or the power grid, and do not need to send power to the power grid. If other base stations supply power, then the central office device 1 may not be set.

During the power supply process, the power is transmitted to the remote device 2 under the guidance of the guide cable 3, wherein the central office equipment 1 is the power transmitting end, and the central office equipment includes the central office DC converter 121, the central office inverter 122, The end compensation circuit 123 , the central end controller 15 , the central end driver 17 , the central end sensor 16 , the first coil 13 and the second coil 14 . The remote device 2 is the power receiving end, and the remote device includes the central office DC converter 121, the remote filter 221, the remote compensation network 223, the remote controller 5, the remote sensor 26, the third coil 23, the Four coils 24 and loads 21 .

The power frequency AC power input by the central office equipment 1 from the power source 11 is converted into DC power through the central office DC converter 121. The central office DC converter 121 includes processes such as filtering, rectification and factor adjustment, and finally outputs DC power. The direct current is converted into high-frequency alternating current through the central office inverter 122, and is input to the central office compensation circuit 123 and the first coil to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the second coil and the first coil are tightly coupled. The spatial relationship between the two can be that the second coil is inserted into the first coil, or the two can be formed by winding in parallel, and the radius of the first coil 13 and the radius of the second coil 14 can be the same when they are wound together.

Between the second coil and the first coil, it is equivalent to the structure of a step-up transformer. The first coil 13 is a low-voltage coupling coil, and the second coil 14 is a high-voltage coupling coil. The magnetic field flux of the first coil 13 passes directly through the second coil 14 , induces a voltage in the second coil 14 , and causes a current to flow in the second coil 14 . The loop (number of turns) of the second coil 14 is more than the loop (number of turns) of the first coil 13 , that is, the two have a high voltage transformation ratio, and the transformer effect is followed between the two coils, so a voltage is generated in the second coil 14 rise.

In the remote device, the principle between the third coil 23 and the fourth coil 24 is similar to the above, the third coil 23 is equivalent to a low-voltage coupling coil, and the fourth coil 24 is equivalent to a high-voltage coupling coil.

The high-voltage coupling coils (the second coil 14 and the fourth coil 24) of the central office equipment 1 and the remote equipment 2 are connected through the guide cable 3. The second coil 14 forms a loop B, and the fourth coil 24 forms a loop C. This The circuit is an RLC parallel resonant circuit, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, where RA, LA, CA are the equivalent resistance, equivalent inductance and equivalent capacitance of the second coil 14 in the central office equipment 1; RB, LB, CB are the equivalent resistance, equivalent inductance and equivalent capacitance of the fourth coil 24 of the remote device 2, respectively. Its equivalent capacitance CA or CB includes the inter-turn capacitance of the helical coil and the capacitance between the coil and the guide cable 3 .

The lower ends of the high-voltage coupling coils of the central office equipment 1 and the remote equipment 2 are connected by a guide cable in the guide cable 3, so that the two resonant circuits maintain an equipotential.

In this application, the distance between the central office device 1 and the remote device 2 should be less than or equal to c/2πf. At this time, the second antenna 14 and the fourth antenna 24 can be regarded as antennas (that is, they can be regarded as one pole of a separate capacitor). board), the distance between the second antenna 14 and the fourth antenna 24 is within the range of the above formula, the antennas are still in the near field of wireless energy transfer, the antenna does not radiate electromagnetic wave energy outside the near field, and the electromagnetic field energy is in the vicinity of the antenna. The near-field space and the antennas flow back and forth periodically. Therefore, an equivalent capacitance CAB can be regarded as existing between the second antenna 14 and the fourth antenna 24 of the central office equipment 1 and the remote equipment 2, and there is a displacement current between the capacitances formed by these two circles, which is guided by Cable 3 provides a path for the current. During operation, for the sinusoidal alternating current loaded on the capacitor, the phase difference between the voltage and the current is 90 degrees, and the phase of the current is 90 degrees ahead of the voltage. And power is equal to voltage multiplied by current, the product of current and voltage in one cycle is always zero, and the process of transmitting displacement current in the capacitor does not consume power, so transmitting energy in this way theoretically has very high transmission efficiency, and at the same time, the transmission efficiency is very high. There is also no ohmic loss in the material through which the displacement current flows in the via.

Referring to FIG. 2, for the convenience of description, we divide the long-distance power supply system into four loop parts ABCD, loop A can also be called the power loop, the first working circuit 12, the first coil 13, in other preferred embodiments can also be It includes the central office controller 15 , the central office driver 17 and the central office sensor 16 . The loop B is the loop formed by the second coil 14, the loop C is the loop formed by the fourth coil 24, and the loop D can be called the load loop, including the load 21, the second working circuit 22 and the third coil 23, in other embodiments It also includes a remote controller 25 and a remote sensor 26 .

In an embodiment of the present patent, if the remote device 2 is in a complex change or network, for example, the load 21 changes or there are multiple remote devices forming a complex network, the operating frequency of the system will deviate from the resonant circuit. The resonant frequency even exceeds the critical point of the resonant state, so that the resonant circuits are no longer in the resonant state, which will change the transmission efficiency and even fail to transmit energy.

In order to solve this problem, compensation circuits (central office compensation circuit 123; remote compensation circuit 223) can be set in the power circuit (circuit A) and load circuit (circuit D), or the central office driver 17 that adjusts the power circuit can adjust or compensate for this a frequency offset. It is also possible to adjust the self-capacitance or self-inductance of the resonant tank, ie LA, LB or CA, CB.

Besides, for solving the above problems, there is a more efficient embodiment to add variable reactance components 4, such as variable inductors or capacitors, in the resonant tank. Independently separated variable reactance components 4 are added to the resonant circuit in series or in parallel, and can also be combined in the above-mentioned manner to form a composite tuning circuit. Stepped variable reactance can be provided in such an embodiment by switching between taps of an inductor or between multiple capacitors in series/parallel. Figures 3 and 4 are ways of paralleling independently separated adjustable capacitors. and the schematic diagram of the adjustable inductance method.

Referring to FIG. 5, it is a schematic diagram of a variable inductor as the variable reactive component 4, the variable inductor includes a plurality of taps, T1, T2, T3 and T4 in the figure, two of the variable inductor The connection terminal is used to connect in parallel to the second coil 14 (and also to the fourth coil 24 in parallel), and a switch 41 is connected to one terminal for selectively connecting to a tap. Connecting different taps will cause the variable inductor to provide different values of reactance. FIG. 5 is only for illustration, and the number of taps can be larger to provide finer impedance adjustment, and the switch 41 in the figure serves as an illustration and is not intended to limit the structure.

The current of the second coil 14 of the central office equipment 1 is transmitted to the fourth coil 24 of the remote equipment 2 under the guidance of the guide cable 3. Similar to the process of the central office equipment 1, the fourth coil 24 and the third coil 23 are composed of the same In the structure of a step-down transformer, the high-voltage alternating magnetic field couples the third coil 23 to generate a low-voltage alternating magnetic field, thereby generating a low-voltage induced alternating current, and the alternating current is transmitted to the remote DC converter 222 and the remote filter 221 and then converted into direct current. It is then transmitted to the load 21. The load 21 may be a general term for various electrical devices.

Although the base station is used as an example, after the remote device 2 is powered on, it can also supply power to other devices, such as radio frequency modules, optical fiber repeaters, small macro base stations, micro cellular base stations, dry amplifiers, WLAN, and PTN equipment. , outdoor integrated access cabinets and other communication equipment load power supply.

In this system, the central office equipment 1 and the remote equipment 2 are respectively set with controllers - the central office controller 15 and the remote controller 25 . And the central office sensor 16 that collects data required for control. The central office sensor 16 adjusts the power output of the power supply according to the load change and power demand of the remote equipment 2, and simultaneously controls the central office equipment 1 and the remote equipment 2. The resonant tank is tuned to be in resonance.

The guide cable 3 and the communication cable 5 can form a cable assembly to realize the connection between the central office device 1 and the remote device 2 . The data transmission between the base stations is transmitted through the communication cable, and the data exchange between the central office controller 15 and the remote controller 25 can also be transmitted through the communication cable. Optical cables can be used as general communication cables. In some embodiments, the guide cable 3 and the communication cable 5 may be one cable, which not only undertakes the communication function, but also serves as the guide carrier of the displacement current.

The structure, features and effects of the present invention have been described in detail above according to the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the drawings. Changes made to the concept of the present invention, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as they do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and drawings.

Claims (9)

1. A remote power supply system, comprising:

a local side device (1), a remote side device (2) and a guide cable (3), wherein,

the office device includes: a first operating circuit (12), a first coil (13), and a second coil (14);

the first working circuit (12) is communicated with the first coil (13), the first coil (13) is coupled with the second coil (14), and the number of turns of the second coil (14) is greater than that of the first coil (13);

the remote device includes: a load (21), a second operating circuit (22), a third coil (23), and a fourth coil (25);

the second operating circuit (22) is connected between the load (21) and the third coil (23), the third coil (23) and the fourth coil (24) are coupled, and the number of turns of the fourth coil (24) is greater than that of the third coil (23);

the guide cable (3) is communicated between the second coil (14) and the fourth coil (24).

2. Remote power supply system according to claim 1,

the radius of the second coil (14) is less than or equal to the radius of the first coil (13);

the radius of the fourth coil (24) is equal to or less than the radius of the third coil (23).

3. Remote power supply system according to claim 1,

-the second coil (14), the fourth coil (24) and the guide wire (3) form a resonant tank having a resonant frequency f;

the distance between the second coil (14) and the fourth coil (24) is less than or equal to c/2 pi f, wherein c is the speed of light.

4. Remote power supply system according to claim 1,

further comprising a variable reactance component (4);

at least one of the second coil (14) and the fourth coil (24) is connected to the variable reactance component (4).

5. Remote power supply system according to claim 1,

the first operating circuit (12) comprises:

a local side direct current converter (121), a local side inverter (122) and a local side compensation circuit (123);

the second operating circuit (22) includes:

a far-end filter (221), a far-end DC converter (222) and a far-end compensation circuit (223).

6. Remote power supply system according to claim 1,

the local side equipment (1) further comprises a local side controller (15);

the remote device (2) further comprises a remote controller (25);

the local controller (15) and the remote controller (25) are communicated through a communication cable (5).

7. A remote power supply system as in claim 5,

the local side equipment (1) further comprises a local side controller (15), a local side driver (17) and a local side sensor (16);

the local side driver (17) is communicated with the local side controller (15) and the local side inverter (122);

the local side sensor (16) is communicated with the local side controller (15) and the local side compensation circuit (123);

the local side controller (15) is also in signal communication with the local side direct current converter (121) and the second coil (14) respectively;

the remote device (2) further comprises a remote controller (25) and a remote sensor (26);

said remote sensor (26) communicating between said load (21) and said remote controller (25);

the far-end controller (25) is also respectively in signal communication with the far-end filter (221), the far-end direct current converter (222) and the fourth coil (24);

the local controller (15) and the remote controller (25) are communicated through a communication cable (5).

8. Remote power supply system according to claim 4,

the variable reactance component (4) is an adjustable capacitor (41) or an adjustable inductor (42).

9. Remote power supply system according to claim 6 or 7,

the guide cable (3) and the communication cable (5) form a cable assembly; or,

the guide cable (3) and the communication cable (5) are the same cable.

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