CN1116858A - 清洁组合物 - Google Patents
清洁组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1116858A CN1116858A CN 94190975 CN94190975A CN1116858A CN 1116858 A CN1116858 A CN 1116858A CN 94190975 CN94190975 CN 94190975 CN 94190975 A CN94190975 A CN 94190975A CN 1116858 A CN1116858 A CN 1116858A
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- nonionic
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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Abstract
个人清洁产品,它含有:(a)约5~50%(重量)的一种或多种表面活性剂,它们选自阴离子、非离子、两性、两性离子和阳离子表面活性剂及其混合物;(b)约3~40%(重量)的不溶性、非离子的油或蜡或者不溶性、非离子油或蜡的混合物;(c)约0.1~8%(重量)的重均链长度为约10~18个碳原子的脂肪酸;(d)约1.5~10%(重量)柠檬酸或水溶性柠檬酸盐或其混合物;以及(e)水。除了好的发泡性、柔和性、可漂洗性和调理性之外,该清洁产品表明了在变化的温度下有极好的物理稳定性和粘度特性。
Description
本发明涉及清洁组合物。尤其是,本发明涉及产生泡沫的个人清洁组合物,该组合物适用于同时清洁和调理皮肤和/或头发,并且可以以例如泡沫浴制剂、淋浴产品、皮肤清洁剂、手、脸和身体清洁剂、香波等形式使用。
发泡化妆品组合物必须满足许多标准,包括清洁效力、发泡性质、温和性/低刺激性以及物理稳定性。水包油乳液型发泡化妆品组合物对稳定性和粘度提出了特殊的要求。一方面尤其可以利用试剂以降低合适的粘度,而同时又需要担心确保这些试剂在一段时间内保持所述的粘度。已知某些脂肪酸可以有效地达到基质的粘度。但是,这通常依赖于脂肪酸形成稳定的复合物。一个特殊的问题是,加入脂肪酸以使水包油乳液达到稳定性/粘度会导致一段时间内粘度下降。据信,这部分是由于不溶性结晶部分的二次形成,这些结晶打破了乳液的结构,并导致粘度降低/变稀。当产品置于恶劣的或变化的温度下时,上述问题可能被夸大。
皮肤由几层细胞组成,它包覆着和保护着角蛋白和胶原纤维蛋白,后者构成了其结构骨架。最外面的一层称为角质层,已知是由被80埃厚的层包围的250埃蛋白束构成。头发也类似地具有包覆和围绕头发纤维的保护外层,称为护膜。阴离子表面活性剂可以透过角质层膜和护膜,并且通过脱脂化作用而破坏膜的完整性。这种对皮肤和头发保护膜的干扰会导致皮肤粗糙和刺激眼睛,并且最终使表面活性剂与角蛋白和头发蛋白反应,产生刺激性,并且丧失屏障和水保留功能。
理想的化妆品清洁剂应该温和地清洁皮肤或头发,而不会使头发和皮肤脱脂和/或干燥,也不会刺激眼粘膜或者在频繁使用后使皮肤绷紧。大多数发泡皂、淋浴和沐浴产品、香波和块状洗涤剂均涉及此问题。
已知某些合成表面活性剂是柔和的。但是,大多数柔和型合成表面活性剂体系的主要缺陷是:当其配制成香波或个人清洁产品时,与最高级香波和块状皂标准相比,其发泡性能不良。因此,那些最柔和的表面活性剂如月桂烷基甘油基醚磺酸钠、(AGS),处于发泡边缘。另一方面,如果使用已知的高泡沫阴离子表面活性剂和泡沫增强剂,可以产生可接受的泡沫体积和质量,但是要以损害临床上皮肤的柔和性为代价。这两个事实使得对表面活性剂的选择、兼具发泡和柔和性质的制剂的制备成为精密的平衡工作。
尽管盥洗工业对个人清洁用品付出了多年的研究,但是许多消费者对当今清洁组合物柔和性仍不满意,例如,他们在使用淋浴或沐浴制剂后不得不在皮肤上使用另外的化妆露液或乳液增湿剂,以保持皮肤柔软并结合水,并且阻碍清洁剂的脱脂作用。
因此需要这样一种个人清洁产品,该产品能够产生丰富的、稳定的和高质量的泡沫,是头发和皮肤的有效清洁剂,不会使皮肤脱水或者使皮肤失去柔软性,以及在洗涤和漂洗掉该产品后赋予皮肤一定的调理效能(而这种效能以前仅仅是由另外的清洁后化妆品增湿剂提供的),具有良好的可漂洗特性,并且同时有稳定的产品和粘度特性,以及在长时间和在恶劣的贮藏温度条件下完全保持稳定。
本发明的主题是稳定、发泡的清洁产品,该产品适用于皮肤或头发的个人清洁,并且可以用作泡沫浴和淋浴产品、皮肤清洁剂和香波等。一方面,本发明提供了个人清洁组合物,该组合物含有:
(a)约5~50%(重量)的一种或多种表面活性剂,它们选自阴离子、非离子、两性、两性离子和阳离子表面活性剂及其混合物;
(b)约3~40%(重量)的不溶性、非离子的油或蜡或者不溶性、非离子油或蜡的混合物;
(c)约0.1~8%(重量)的重均链长度为约10~18个碳原子的脂肪酸;
(d)约1.5~10%(重量)柠檬酸或水溶性柠檬酸盐或其混合物;以及
(e)水。
本发明优选的实施方案中含有阴离子表面活性剂和两性表面活性剂的混合物,其总共占组合物重量的约5~30%,阴离子表面活性剂与两性表面活性剂的重量比为约1∶5至约20∶1。优选表面活性剂的总和与非离子油或蜡的重量比为约10∶1至约1∶3。还优选的该组合物为水包油乳液,其粘度(Brookfield RVT,Helipath,Spindle TB,5rmp,25℃,1分钟)为10,000~40,000厘泊,屈服点为至少50达因/平方厘米(Brookfield RVT,Spindle CP 52,Plate Code A,25℃)。
除非另外指明,本文中所有的浓度和比例均以清洁组合物的重量计。除非另外指明,表面活性剂的链长度也是以重均链长度为基础计算。
本发明涉及产生泡沫的清洁组合物,该组合物具有优越的物理和粘度稳定特性(变化的温度条件),兼具良好的发泡性、对头发和皮肤柔和,并具有良好的清洁力和调理功效。本发明还涉及洗涤和漂洗掉的个人清洁产品,该产品具有上述稳定性、发泡性、柔和性、可漂洗性和调理作用。
本发明的清洁组合物以柔和表面活性剂的组合为基础,这些表面活性剂一般可以选自阴离子、两性、非离子和甜菜碱表面活性剂及其混合物。该组合物优选含有阴离子、非离子和两性表面活性剂的混合物,最优选的系统还含有甜菜碱表面活性剂。本发明范围内其它适合的组合物包括阴离子表面活性剂与一种或多种非离子表面活性剂或甜菜碱表面活性剂或其混合物的混合物;以及两性表面活性剂与一种或多种非离子表面活性剂或甜菜碱表面活性剂或其混合物的混合物。阴离子和两性表面活性剂各自的含量通常为该组合物重量的约1~20%,优选的约1~15%,特别优选的约2~13%(重量)。另一方面,阴离子表面活性剂与两性表面活性剂的重量比通常为约1∶5至约20∶1,优选约1∶2至约5∶1,特别优选约1∶1至约2∶1。阴离子和两性表面活性剂的总量通常为清洁组合物重量的约5~30%。优选约8~25%,特别优选约10~20%(重量)。另一方面,非离子或甜菜碱表面活性剂优选组成为组合物重量的约0.1~20%,更优选约0.1~10,最优选约1~8%(重量)。阴离子、非离子和两性表面活性剂的总量通常占清洁组合物重量的约5~45%,更优选约7~40%(重量)。表面活性剂的总量(包括阴离子、两性、非离子、甜菜碱和其它表面活性剂成分)优选占组合物重量的约5~50%,更优选的为约10~35%。
适用于本发明组合物的阴离子表面活性剂通常被描述为柔和的合成清洁表面活性剂,包括乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐、烷基甘油基醚磺酸盐、甲基脂酰基牛磺酸盐(taurates),脂肪酰基甘氨酸盐、N-酰基谷氨酸盐、脂酰基羟乙磺酸盐、烷基硫代琥珀酸盐、α-磺化脂肪酸及其盐和/或其酯,烷基乙氧基羧酸盐、烷基磷酸酯、乙氧基化烷基磷酸酯、脂酰基肌氨酸盐和脂肪酸/蛋白质缩合物,及其混合物。这些表面活性剂的烷基和/或酰基链长度为C8~C22,优选C10~C18。
从使柔和性和发泡特性最佳化的角度出发,优选用于本发明的是1mol高级脂肪醇与约1~12mol环氧乙烷的反应产物的硫酸酯的盐,钠和镁是优选的抗衡离子。特别优选的是含约2~6mol、优选2~4mol环氧乙烷的烷基硫酸盐,例如月桂基醚-2(1aureth-2)硫酸钠和月桂基醚-3硫酸钠。在优选的实施方案中,阴离子表面活性剂含有至少约50%、特别是至少约75%(重量)的乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐。
本发明优选的组合物还含有两性表面活性剂。适用于本发明组合物的两性表面活性剂包括:
(a)式(I)的咪唑啉鎓表面活性剂其中R1是C2~C22烷基或链烯基,R2是氢或CH2Z,每个Z独立地为CO2M或CH2CO2M,并且M是H、碱金属、碱土金属、铵或链烷醇铵;和/或式(II)的铵衍生物
其中R1、R2和Z如上所定义;
(b)式(III)的氨基链烷酸盐
R1NH(CH2)nCO2M
和式(IV)的亚氨基链烷酸盐
R1N[(CH2)mCO2M]2
其中n和m为1~4的数值,R1和M独立地选自上述定义的基团;和
(c)其混合物。
合适的(a)型两性表面活性剂以商品名Miranol和Empigen出售,并且应该理解为包括其复合混合物。尽管CTFA Cosmetic Ingredi-ent Dictionary(第4版)表明了各种Miranol的非环结构II,但是通常将其描述为具有通式I的结构。实际上,可能存在环和非环结构的复合混合物,并且为了完整起见,本文给出了两种定义。但是,优选用于本发明的是非环结构的所述两性表面活性剂。
合适的(a)型两性表面活性剂的实例包括式I和/或式II化合物,其中R1是C8H17(特别是异辛基)、C9H19和C11H23烷基。特别优选的是其中R1是C9H19、Z是CO2M并且R2是H的化合物;其中R1是C11H23、Z是CO2M并且R2是CH2CO2M的化合物;以及其中R1是C11H23、Z是CO2M并且R2是H的化合物。
在CTFA命名法中,优选用于本发明的原料包括椰子两性羧基丙酸盐、椰子两性羧基丙酸,以及特别是椰子两性乙酸盐和椰子两性二乙酸盐(也称为椰子两性羧基甘氨酸盐)。具体的市售产品包括下列产品:Empigen CDL 60和CDR 60(Albright&Wilson),Miran-ol H2M Conc.,Miranol C2M Conc.N.P.,Miranol C2M Conc.O.P.,Miranol C2M SF,Miranol CM Special(Rhone-Poulenc);Alkate-ric 2CIB(Alkaril Chemicals);Amphoterge W-2(Lonza,Inc.);Monateric CDX-38,Monateric CSH-32(Mona Industries);Rewo-teric AM-2C(Rewo Chemical Group);和Schercotic MS-2(ScherChemicals)。
应该理解,许多市售的这类两性表面活性剂是以与下列成分的电中性复合物的形式制造和销售的,所述成分是例如:氢氧根抗衡离子或者阴离子硫酸盐或磺酸盐表面活性剂,特别是硫酸化的C8~C18醇、C8~C18乙氧基化的醇或C8~C18酰基甘油。但是,从柔和性和产品稳定性的角度出发,优选的是该组合物基本上不含有(非乙氧基化)硫酸化的醇表面活性剂。还需注意的是,在本文中,两性表面活性剂的浓度和重量比是以未复合形式的表面活性剂为基础计算,任何阴离子表面活性剂的抗衡离子被认为是整个阴离子表面活性剂成分含量的一部分。
合适的(b)型两性表面活性剂的实例包括盐,特别是三乙醇铵盐和N-月桂基-β-氨基丙酸和N-月桂基-亚氨基-二丙酸。这类材料由Henkel公司以商品名Deriphat出售,以及由Rhone-Poulenc公司以商品名Mirataine出售。但是,优选用于本发明的两性表面活性剂是式I和/或式II所示的那些。
本发明组合物还含有约3~40%、优选约4~20%、更优选约5~15%(重量)的不溶性非离子油或蜡或其混合物,所述油或蜡的不溶性是指其在25℃温度下不溶于清洁组合物的液体基质中。此外,优选从使个人清洁组合物具有最佳发泡性、柔和性、柔软性和可漂洗性的角度出发,油或蜡存在于组合物中的含量应当能使总的表面活性剂的量与油或蜡的重量比为约10∶1至约1∶3、优选约5∶1至约1∶2,而特别优选约2∶1至约1∶1。
适用于本发明的合适的油和蜡可以选自下列物质:水不溶性硅酮,包括非挥发性聚烷基和聚芳基硅氧烷胶和流体,挥发性环状和线性聚烷基硅氧烷,聚烷氧基化硅酮,氨基和季铵修饰的硅酮,刚性交联的和增强的硅酮及其混合物,C8~C30脂肪酸的C1~C24酯如肉豆蔻酸异丙酯和蓖麻醇酸鲸蜡酸,蜂蜡,饱和与不饱和脂肪醇如二十二醇,诸如矿物油、石油和角鲨烯的烃,脂肪族脱水山梨醇酯(参见US-A-3988255,Seiden,1976年10月26日出版),羊毛脂及似油的羊毛脂衍生物,动物和植物三酸甘油酯如杏仁油、花生油、麦胚油、亚麻子油、霍霍巴(jojoba)油、杏核油、胡桃油、棕榈仁油、阿月浑子仁油、芝麻子油、油菜子油、杜松油、玉米油、桃核油、罂粟子油、松油、蓖麻油、豆油、鳄梨油、红花油、椰油、榛子油、橄榄油、葡萄子油和葵花子油,以及二聚物酸和三聚物酸的C1~C24酯例如二聚物的(dimerate)二异丙酯、二异硬脂酰苹果酸酯(diisostearylmalate)、二聚物的二异硬脂酸酯(diisostearyldi-merate)和三聚物的三异硬脂酸酯(triisostearyltrimerate)。从使发泡性和柔和性最佳化的角度出发,在上述物质中最优选的是植物三酸甘油酯油。
从漂洗掉后具有调理作用的角度出发,优选的组合物是水包油型乳液,其中乳液微滴的平均大小为约1至约150微米、优选约2至约50微米。(微滴大小是通过例如激光衍射法,采用例如MalvernSeries 2600测量的)。
在本发明中油或蜡优选与柔和表面活性剂系统结合使用。适合的柔和型表面活性剂包括那些具有相对皮肤屏障渗透值(RelativeSkin Barrier Penetration Value)小于约75、优选小于约50、更优选小于约40的表面活性剂,相对皮肤屏障渗透值是按照EP-A-0203705(引入本文作为参考)所述实验方法测量的。在本发明组合物中,相对皮肤屏障渗透值大于75的表面活性剂可以与低含量的柔和型表面活性剂一起使用,只要其应用不显著改变整个清洁组合物的临床皮肤柔和性即可。
本发明另一方面提供了个人清洁组合物,该组合物含有:
(a)约5~50%(重量)的具有相对皮肤屏障渗透值小于约75的混合表面活性剂系统;
(b)约3~40%(重量)的不溶性、非离子油或蜡或者不溶性、非离子油或蜡的混合物;
(c)约0.1~8%(重量)的重均链长度为10~18个碳原子的脂肪酸;
(d)约1.5~10%(重量)的柠檬酸或水溶性柠檬酸盐或其混合物;和
(e)水,
其中表面活性剂的总和与非离子油或蜡的重量比为约10∶1至约1∶3,并且其中所述的组合物为水包油乳液,其粘度(BrookfieldRVT,HeliPath,Spindle TB,5rmp,25℃,1分钟)为10,000~40,000厘泊,屈服点为至少50达因/平方厘米(Brookfield RVT,Spindle CP 52,Plate Code A,25℃)。
本发明组合物优选还含有约0.1~20%、更优选约0.1~10%、特别优选约1~8%的非离子表面活性剂。从使发泡性和柔和性最佳化的角度出发,本发明优选的非离子表面活性剂选自下列物质:C12~C14脂肪酸单-和二-乙醇酰胺;通式(VI)的多羟基脂肪酸酰胺表面活性剂。其中R9是H、C1~C4烃基、2-羟乙基、2-羟丙基或其混合物,R8是C5~C31烃基和Z2是具有直链的多羟基烃基,其中至少有3个羟基直接连接在所述链上,或者其烷氧基衍生物;和通式(VII)的聚乙二醇甘油脂肪族酯表面活性剂。其中n是约5~200、优选约20~100、更优选约30~85,并且其中R含有一个具有约5~19个碳原子、优选约9~17个碳原子、更优选约11~17个碳原子、最优选11~14个碳原子的脂肪族基团;以及所述乙醇酰胺、烷基多羟基脂肪酸酰胺和/或甘油脂肪族酯表面活性剂的混合物。优选从柔和性和可加工性的角度出发,本发明最优选的组合物还基本上不含有烷基多糖表面活性剂。
优选的多羟基脂肪酸酰胺表面活性剂是如下所述的那些:其中R9是C1~C4烷基、优选甲基,R8是C7~C19烷基或链烯基更优选的是直链C9~C17烷基或链烯基,或其混合物;Z2是具有直链烃基链的多羟基烃基,其中至少有3个羟基直接连接在所述链上,或其烷氧基化衍生物(优选乙氧基化或丙氧基化衍生物)。Z2优选的可在还原胺化反应中由还原糖得到;更优选的Z2为糖醇基(glycityl)。合适的还原糖包括葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、半乳糖、甘露糖和木糖。作为原料,高葡萄糖含量的谷物糖浆、高果糖含量的谷物糖浆以及高麦芽糖含量的谷物糖浆可以和上述单个的糖一样使用。这些谷物糖浆可以产生Z2的混合糖成分。应该理解这不意味着不包括其它合适的原料。Z2优选为选自下列基团:CH2(CHOH)n-CH2OH、-CH(CH2OH)-(CHOH)n-1-CH2OH、-CH2-(CHOH)2(CHOR′)(CHOH)-CH2OH,其中n是3~5的整数,R′是H或环单糖或脂肪族单糖及其烷氧基化衍生物。最优选的是其中n是4的糖醇基,特别是-CH2-(CHOH)4-CH2OH。
最优选的多羟基脂肪酸酰胺具有式R8(CO)N(CH3)CH2(CHOH)4CH2OH,其中R8是C11~C17链烷基或链烯基。
合适的甘油脂肪族酯表面活性剂包括:椰酸(cocoate)甘油酯的聚乙二醇衍生物、己酸甘油酯、辛酸甘油酯、牛油酸(tallowate)甘油酯、棕榈酸甘油酯、硬脂酸甘油酯、月桂酸甘油酯、油酸甘油酯、蓖麻醇酸甘油酯、以及从三酸甘油酯衍生的甘油脂肪族酯,例如棕榈油、杏仁油和玉米油,优选牛油酸甘油酯和椰酸甘油酯。
合适的此类表面活性剂是下列市售产品:Sherex Chemical co.(Dublin,Ohio,USA)的Varonic LI系列表面活性剂。这些产品包括:例如Varonic LI2(PEG 28牛油酸甘油酯)、Varonic LI420(PEG 200牛油酸甘油酯)和Varonic LI63和67(PEG 30和PEG 80椰酸甘油酯),以及Croda Inc.(New York,USA)的Crovol系列表面活性剂,例如Crovol A-40(PEG 20杏仁甘油酯)、Crovol A-70(PEG 60杏仁甘油酯)、Crovol M-40(PEG 20玉米甘油酯)、CrovolM-70(PEG 60玉米甘油酯)、Crovol PK-40(PEG 12棕榈仁甘油酯)和Crovol PK-70(PEG 45棕榈仁甘油酯)。特别优选的是聚乙二醇的单牛油酸酯和椰酸脂肪族酯或其混合物,尤其是例如PEG 82单牛油酸甘油酯和PEG 30椰酸甘油酯及其混合物。本发明还特别优选的是PEG(6)己酸/辛酸甘油酯(Softigen 767)。
本发明组合物还优选含有约0.1~20%、更优选约0.1~10%、特别优选约1~8%的甜菜碱表面活性剂。适用于本发明的甜菜碱表面活性剂包括式R5R6R7N+(CH2)nM(VIII)的烷基甜菜碱和式(IX)的酰氨基甜菜碱其中R5是C12~C22烷基或链烯基,R6和R7独立地为C1~C3烷基,M是H、碱金属、碱土金属、铵或链烷醇铵,n、m各自为1~4。优选的甜菜碱包括椰子酰氨基丙基二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱和月桂烷基酰氨基丙基二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱以及Tego甜菜碱。
本发明组合物还含有约0.1~8%、优选约0.5~6%、特别优选约1.5~5%(重量)的饱和酰基脂肪酸,所述饱和酰基脂肪酸的重均链长度为10~18个碳原子、优选12~16个碳原子。特别优选的是肉豆蔻酸。无论是从提供柔软性的角度还是从与柠檬酸盐结合以控制最终组合物的粘度的角度出发,脂肪酸都是有价值的。
本发明组合物优选还含有约0.01~5%、优选约0.04~2%、特别优选约0.05~1%(重量)的阳离子或非离子聚合的皮肤或头发调理剂。已发现,所述聚合物对于强化乳化和提高泡沫质量以及提供头发和皮肤的调理效用是有价值的。除了上述优点之外,还发现所述聚合物通过降低较粗糙表面活性剂部分的作用,而对提高产品的柔和性是有价值的。
适合的聚合物是高分子量物质(质量平均分子量通常为约2,000至约3,000,000,优选约5,000至约1,000,000,该分子量是通过例如光散射测定的)。
合适的聚合物是适用于化妆品领域的阳离子、非离子、两性和阴离子聚合物。优选的是适用于化妆品领域的、作为头发或皮肤调理剂的阳离子和非离子聚合物。
有代表性的一类聚合物包括阳离子和非离子多糖;由丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸衍生的阳离子和非离子均聚物和共聚物;阳离子和非离子纤维素树脂;氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵和丙烯酸的阳离子共聚物;氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵的阳离子均聚物;阳离子聚亚烷基亚胺和阳离子乙氧基聚亚烷基亚胺;季铵化的硅酮,及其混合物。
适用于本发明的阳离子聚合物的实例包括下列物质:阳离子瓜尔胶,例如以商品名Jaguar C-14-S(RIM)、Jaguar C-17(RTM)和Jaguar C-16(RTM)出售的羟丙基三甲基铵瓜尔胶(d.S.为0.11~0.22)、除了上述阳离子基团外,它还含有羟丙基取代基。(d.s.为0.8~1.1),以及以商品名Ucare Polymer JR和Celquat出售的季铵化的纤维素醚,其它适合的阳离子聚合物是下列物质:以商品名Merqu-at 100出售的氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵的均聚物,分别以商品名Merquat 550和Merquat S出售的氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸二甲酯与丙烯酰胺的共聚物和氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵与丙烯酰胺的共聚物,以商品名Gafquat出售的氨基醇的季铵化吡咯烷酮丙烯酸乙烯酯或吡咯烷酮甲基丙烯酸乙烯酯共聚物,和聚亚烷基亚胺如聚乙烯亚胺和乙氧基化聚乙烯亚胺。
最终组合物的粘度(Brookfield RVT,Helipath,Spindle TB,5rmp,25℃,1分钟)优选为约10,000-40,000厘泊、更优选约20,000-30,000厘泊,屈服点(剪切速度为零时的剪切力)为至少50达因/平方厘米、优选至少100达因/平方厘米(Brookfield RVT,Spindle CP 52,Plate Code A,25℃)。优选的组合物具有非牛顿粘度特性。在最优选的实施方案中,本发明组合物还显示了相对于温度的剪切压力,即(S45~S5)/S5小于约0.4,优选小于约0.2,更优选小于约0.1,其中St是在温度t(℃)和500秒-1的剪切速度下的剪切力,以达因/平方厘米计(Brookfield RVT,Spindle CP 52,Plate Code A)。
本发明组合物的另一个基本组成是柠檬酸和水溶性柠檬酸盐或其混合物,特别是钠、钾、铵盐,其含量为约1.5~10%(重量)、优选约2~8%(重量)、最优选约2~6%(重量)。柠檬酸盐在与油和脂肪酸成分结合中对改良物理和粘度特性是重要的。
本发明组合物的特征在于,其中所用成分的特定结合赋予其极好的稳定性,甚至当存在可显示结晶特性的脂肪酸时也是如此。再者,值得注意的是,甚至在缺乏已知的稳定剂/粘度调节剂时也显示了这种极好的稳定性。
该清洁组合物可以任选地包括可溶于清洁组合物基质中的头发和皮肤湿润剂。优选的润湿剂含量为约0.5~20%(重量)。在优选的实施方案中,润湿剂选自:
1、水溶性液体多元醇;
2、在皮肤角质层中天然存在的重要的氨基酸化合物;
3、水溶性非多元醇、非包合物(nonocclusives)及其混合物。
更优选的一些非包合润湿剂的实例是:甘油、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、山梨醇、甲基葡萄糖的聚乙二醇醚和聚丙二醇醚(例如甲基glucam-20)、羊毛脂醇的聚乙二醇醚和丙二醇醚(例如Solutan-75)、吡咯烷酮羧酸钠、乳酸、尿素、L-脯氨酸、胍、吡咯烷酮、水解蛋白和其它胶原衍生的蛋白,库拉索芦荟胶(aloe vera gel)和乙酰胺MEA及其混合物。其中最优选的是甘油。
本发明组合物其它的任选成分是由植物油制备的加成物,所述植物油含有未共轭的多不饱和脂肪酸酯,将这些脂肪酸酯共轭并进行反油酸重排作用,然后通过与选自丙烯酸、富马酸和马来酸酐的一种成分进行Diels-Alder加成进行修饰。植物油加成物优选的具有通式(X)其中X、Y是3~9的整数,R3和R4独立地选自饱和和不饱和C7~C22烃基,每个Z是CO2M,并且其中M是H或成盐阳离子,优选碱金属、铵或链烷醇铵。在US-A-4740367中描述了该加成物及其制备方法,并且该加成物以商品名Ceraphyl GA(Van Dyke)出售。优选的在组合物中加入约0.5~5%、更优选约1~4%(重量)的植物油加成物。
还可以向清洁组合物中加入许多其它的任选材料。这些材料包括蛋白质和多肽及其衍生物;水溶性或可加溶的防腐剂如DMDM乙内酰胺、Germall 115、羟基苯甲酸甲酯、羟基苯甲酸乙酯、羟基苯甲酸丙酯和羟基苯甲酸丁酯、EDTA、Euxyl(TRM)K400、Bronopol(2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇)、苯甲酸钠和2-苯氧基乙醇;其它的润湿剂如透明质酸、壳多糖、和淀粉接枝的聚丙烯酸钠如Sanwet(RMT)IM-1000、IM-1500和IM-2500(由Celanese Superabsorbent Mate-rials,Portsmith,VA,USA出售,并且描述于US-A-4,076,663中);溶剂如己二醇和丙二醇;抗菌剂如Oxeco(苯氧基异丙醇);低温相改良剂如铵离子源(例如氯化铵);粘度控制剂如硫酸镁和其它电解质;着色剂;珠光剂和遮光剂和乙二醇二硬脂酸酯、二氧化钛和涂覆二氧化钛的云母;香料和香料稳定剂等;沸石如Valfor BV400及其衍生物;和Ca2+/Mg2+螯合剂如聚羧酸酯、氨基聚羧酸酯、多磷酸酯、聚膦酸酯、氨基聚膦酸酯和葡糖酸酯等。本发明组合物中还含有约45~92%、优选至少约60%(重量)的水。
该组合物的pH优选为约4~8,更优选为约4.5~6.5。
通过下列非限制性实施例说明本发明。
在这些实施例中,所有浓度均是以100%活性为基础的,缩写符号的定义如下:两性表面活性剂1 Empigen CDL 60-23.5%椰子两性乙酸盐(其
中R1是椰子烷基,R2是H、Z是CO2Na的式I和/
或式IV的两性表面活性剂)和1.35%椰子两
性二乙酸盐(其中R1是椰子烷基、R2是
CH2CO2Na、Z是CO2Na的式I和/或式IV的两性表
面活性剂)的含水混合物。两性表面活性剂2 N-月桂烷基-β-氨基丙酸钠。阴离子表面活性剂1 月桂基醚-2硫酸钠阴离子表面活性剂2 月桂基醚-3.6硫酸镁钠GA 其中R8是C11~C17烷基、R9是甲基、Z2是
CH2(CHOH)4CH2OH的式VII多羟基脂肪酸酰胺DEA 椰子二乙醇酰胺MEA 椰子单乙醇酰胺甜菜碱 椰子酰氨基丙基二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱聚合物1 Merquat 550-丙烯酰胺与氯化二甲基二烯丙
基铵的共聚物,质量平均分子量为2.5×106
(8%溶液)聚合物2 Polymer JR-400-羟乙基纤维素与表氯醇反应,
并用三甲胺季铵化,质量平均分子量为4×106MA 肉豆蔻酸Ceraphyl GA 以Van Dyke出售的马来化豆油防腐剂 DMDM乙内酰胺油 豆油Softigen 767 PEG(6)甘油己酸酯/甘油辛酸酯Mg 七水合硫酸镁
实施例I至VII
下列个人清洁组合物是淋浴泡沫产品形式,并且是本发明的代表:
表1
I II III VI V VI VII两性表面活 7.5 3.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 5.0 5.0性剂1两性表面活 - 5.0 3.0 - 5.0 - -性剂2阴离子表面 2.5 - 6.0 4.0 7.5 10.0 10.0活性剂1阴离子表面 5.0 9.0 4.0 6.0 - - -活性剂2GA - 1.0 - 2.0 2.0 - 2.5DEA 3.0 1.0 - 2.0 1.0 3.0 -MEA - - - - - - 3.0甜菜碱 - 2.0 2.0 1.0 2.5 2.5 -聚合物1 - 0.1 0.2 - 0.1 0.2 -聚合物2 0.2 0.1 - 0.2 0.1 - 0.2Softigen 767 - - - - - 2.0 1.0
表1(续)
I II III VI V VI VII
4.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0Ceraphyl GA 2.0 1.0 - - - 2.0 1.0油 8.0 12.0 9.0 12.0 8.0 10.0 11.0防腐剂 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.2 0.2珠光剂 0.5 - - 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0香料 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0甘油 - - - - - - 3.0Mg 1.0 - - - 2.0 - -柠檬酸钠 2.0 3.0 2.0 5.0 2.0 4.0 3.0水 ..........................到100............
通过下述方法制备组合物I至VII:制备含有部分水、阴离子表面活性剂和两性表面活性剂以及剩余的水溶性、油不溶性成分的表面活性剂A相,制备含有MA、DEA、Softigen和油的B相,在约40~70℃将B相与A相混合,冷却至室温,然后加入剩余的水、防腐剂和香料。乳液微滴的平均粒度为约5微米。(通过Malvern Series2600激光衍射测量。)组合物的粘度(Brookfield RVT,Helipath,Spindle TB,5rmp,25℃,1分钟)为10,000~40,000厘泊,屈服点为至少50达因/平方厘米(Brookfield RVT,Spindle CP 52,Plate Code A,25℃)。
除了有良好的发泡性、可漂洗性和调理性之外,这些清洁产品表明了对温度变化有极好的物理稳定性和粘度特性。
Claims (21)
1、个人清洁组合物,该组合物含有:
(a)约5~50%(重量)的一种或多种表面活性剂,它们选自阴离子、非离子、两性、两性离子和阳离子表面活性剂及其混合物;
(b)约3~40%(重量)的不溶性、非离子的油或蜡或者不溶性、非离子油或蜡的混合物;
(c)约0.1~8%(重量)的重均链长度为约10~18个碳原子的脂肪酸;
(d)约1.5~10%(重量)柠檬酸或水溶性柠檬酸盐或其混合物;以及
(e)水。
2、按照权利要求1的组合物,其中所述组合物为水包油乳液,其粘度(Brookfield RVT,Helipath,Spindle TB,5rmp,25℃,1分钟)为10,000~40,000厘泊,屈服点为至少50达因/平方厘米(Brookfield RVT,Spindle CP 52,Plate Code A,25℃)。
3、按照权利要求1或2的组合物,其中所述柠檬酸或其水溶性盐的含量为约2~8%(重量)、优选的约2.5~6%(重量)。
4、按照权利要求1~3中任何一项的组合物,其中所述阴离子表面活性剂选自乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐、烷基甘油基醚磺酸盐、甲基脂酰基牛磺酸盐(taurates)、脂肪酰基甘氨酸盐、N-酰基谷氨酸盐、脂酰基羟乙磺酸盐、烷基硫代琥珀酸盐、α-磺化脂肪酸及其盐和/或其酯,烷基乙氧基羧酸盐、烷基磷酸酯、乙氧基化烷基磷酸酯、脂酰基肌氨酸盐和脂肪酸/蛋白质缩合物,及其混合物。
5、按照权利要求1~4中任何一项的组合物,所述组合物含有阴离子表面活性剂和两性表面活性剂的混合物,其各自的含量为约1~15%、优选约2~13%(重量)。
6、按照权利要求1~5中任何一项的组合物,其中阴离子表面活性剂包括乙氧基化C8~C22烷基硫酸盐。
8、按照权利要求7的组合物,其中两性表面活性剂选自式I的咪唑啉鎓衍生物和/或式II的铵衍生物。
9、按照权利要求1~8中任何一项的组合物,其中阴离子表面活性剂与两性表面活性剂的重量比为约1∶2至约5∶1。
10、按照权利要求9的组合物,其中阴离子表面活性剂与两性表面活性剂的重量比为约1∶1至2∶1。
11、按照权利要求1~10中任何一项的组合物,其中阴离子表面活性剂与两性表面活性剂总共占组合物的约8~25%、优选约10~20%(重量)。
12、按照权利要求1~11的组合物,该组合物还含有约0.1~20%、优选约0.1~10%(重量)的非离子表面活性剂。
13、按照权利要求12的组合物,其中非离子表面活性剂选自C12~C14脂肪酸单-和二-乙醇酰胺;式R8(CO)N(R9)Z2的多羟基脂肪酸酰胺表面活性剂,其中R9是H、C1~C4烃基、2-羟乙基、2-羟丙基或其混合物,R8是C5~C31烃基和Z2是具有直链的多羟基烃基,其中至少有3个羟基直接连接在所述链上,或者其烷氧基化衍生物;和通式(VII)的聚乙二醇甘油脂肪族酯表面活性剂。其中n是约5~200、优选约20~100、更优选约30~85,并且其中R含有一个具有约5~19个碳原子、优选约9~17个碳原子、更优选约11~17个碳原子、最优选11~14个碳原子的脂肪族基团;以及所述乙醇酰胺、多羟基脂肪酸酰胺和/或甘油脂肪族酯表面活性剂的混合物。
14、按照权利要求1~13中任何一项的组合物,含有约4~20%、优选约5~15%(重量)的非离子油或蜡或其混合物。
15、按照权利要求1~14中任何一项的组合物,其中阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂与两性表面活性剂总共占组合物的约5~45%、优选约7~40%(重量)。
16、按照权利要求1~15中任何一项的组合物,含有约0.1~20%、优选约0.1~10%(重量)的甜菜碱表面活性剂。
17、按照权利要求1~16中任何一项的组合物,还含有约0.5~6%、优选约1.5~5%(重量)的脂肪酸,所述脂肪酸的重均链长度为10~18个碳原子、优选12~16个碳原子。
18、按照权利要求1~17中任何一项的组合物,还含有约0.01~5%、优选约0.04~2%、更优选0.05~1%(重量)的阳离子或非离子聚合的皮肤或头发调理剂,它选自:阳离子和非离子多糖;由丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸衍生的阳离子和非离子均聚物和共聚物;阳离子和非离子纤维素树脂;氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵和丙烯酸的阳离子共聚物;氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵的阳离子均聚物;阳离子聚亚烷基亚胺和阳离子乙氧基聚亚烷基亚胺;季铵化的硅酮,及其混合物。
19、按照权利要求1~18中任何一项的组合物,还含有润湿剂,所述润湿剂选自:甘油、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、山梨醇、甲基葡萄糖的聚乙二醇醚和聚丙二醇醚、羊毛脂醇的聚乙二醇醚和聚丙二醇醚、PEG(6)己酸/辛酸甘油酯、PEG(6)椰子甘油酯、吡咯烷酮羧酸钠、乳酸、L-脯氨酸及其混合物。
20、按照权利要求1~19中任何一项的组合物,其中阴离子表面活性剂含有至少其50%、优选至少75%的乙氧基化C8~C22烷基硫酸盐。
21、按照权利要求1~20中任何一项的组合物,其中表面活性剂的总量与非离子油或蜡的重量比为约5∶1至约1∶2,优选约2∶1至约1∶1。
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GB9301295.3 | 1993-01-23 | ||
GB939301295A GB9301295D0 (en) | 1993-01-23 | 1993-01-23 | Cleansing compositions |
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JP (1) | JPH08505875A (zh) |
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- 1994-01-11 CA CA 2153313 patent/CA2153313A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (4)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN103228254A (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2013-07-31 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 含有长链脂肪酸的液体清洁组合物 |
CN103228254B (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2015-08-12 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 含有长链脂肪酸的液体清洁组合物 |
CN111479911A (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-07-31 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | 可发泡清洁组合物 |
CN110327799A (zh) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-15 | 广州正浩新材料科技有限公司 | 一种水性芥酸酰胺乳液及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP0689581A4 (en) | 1996-08-21 |
JPH08505875A (ja) | 1996-06-25 |
CA2153313A1 (en) | 1994-08-04 |
WO1994017166A1 (en) | 1994-08-04 |
GB9301295D0 (en) | 1993-03-17 |
EP0689581A1 (en) | 1996-01-03 |
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