CN111678855A - A ring knife infiltration test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ring cutter infiltration test device which comprises a water tank, a water head control chamber, a ring cutter and a liquid collecting funnel, wherein the water head control chamber is connected with the water tank through a pipeline, an electric control water valve is arranged on the pipeline, the ring cutter is respectively connected with the water head control chamber and the liquid collecting funnel, the water head control chamber comprises a float switch, a compression bolt and a cylinder body, the float switch is connected with the cylinder body through the compression bolt, the float switch is connected with the electric control water valve, and the water inlet start and stop are controlled through the lifting of the float switch. The invention is simple and convenient to disassemble and install, and can complete the installation of the experimental device without any tool for testing; the water level is controlled in real time through the float switch, and the seepage and seepage quantities are fully automatically collected by using the flow meter and the electronic scale, so that the workload of scientific research personnel is greatly reduced; the test under different water head pressures can be carried out under the condition of different soil body replacement, so that the test accuracy is improved.

Description

A ring knife infiltration test device

technical field

The invention relates to a penetration test device, in particular to a ring knife penetration test device.

Background technique

Infiltration is the physical phenomenon of water entering the soil, which is expressed by the amount of water infiltration per unit time or by the infiltration curve over time. It is closely related to soil erosion, soil erosion and crop irrigation management. Many scholars believe that the measurement of infiltration performance is an indicator of soil properties, so there are many soil infiltration rate measurement methods, such as the ring knife method, the double ring method, the disc infiltration instrument, and the artificial rainfall method. Among them, the ring knife method is widely used due to its simple operation, intuitive calculation method and economical characteristics. The ring knife method is to use a ring, press the ring into the soil, and then take out the ring and the soil column together; connect an identical empty ring at one end of the ring, and place it vertically on a collecting funnel. Add water to the empty ring, and keep the water level unchanged, record the amount of infiltration water within a certain period of time, divide it by the area of the ring, and calculate the infiltration rate. Because the ring knife infiltration test needs to record the amount of infiltration water every minute, and at the same time to control the constant water level, the operation requirements are high, and it is easy to make mistakes during the operation, resulting in test errors. At the same time, the existing soil infiltration and erosion test method is to establish a reduced-scale slope surface, carry out artificial rainfall to scour the slope surface, collect runoff and dry it, record the amount of erosion and sand production, and set up holes at the bottom of the model box to collect the input. Seepage, recording the infiltration amount, which is often ignored, the migration of fine soil particles between soil pores caused by hydraulic action, and the migration of soil particles will form new water flow channels, and carry nearby This kind of migration will change the structural characteristics of the soil to a certain extent, which will lead to the occurrence of engineering accidents, such as road collapse, landslides and so on.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ring knife infiltration test device that is simple and portable, accurately controls water level, improves measurement accuracy, and can measure infiltration and sand production.

Technical scheme: a ring knife infiltration test device according to the present invention includes a water tank, a water head control room, a ring knife and a liquid collecting funnel. They are respectively connected with the water head control room and the liquid collecting funnel. The water head control room includes the float switch, the compression bolt and the cylinder. The float switch is connected with the cylinder through the compression bolt, and the float switch is connected with the electric control water valve. The lifting control of the water intake start and stop.

A flowmeter is set on the pipeline, and the flowmeter is connected to the computer, and the water flow is collected through the computer. A water holding device is arranged below the liquid collecting funnel. The water holding device is above the electronic scale, and the electronic scale is connected with the computer. The electronic scale can be replaced by a pressure sensor with the same function. The data of electronic scales and flowmeters are collected by computer to calculate infiltration rate and infiltration sand yield.

A scale is set on the rod of the float switch, which is convenient for adjusting the water head to control the indoor water level. The thread of the compression bolt is a tapered thread with a large upper and a small lower, and it matches the three-petal interface on the top of the cylinder. The tightness of the compression bolt can be adjusted, so that the float switch moves up and down along its rod, thereby adjusting the water level.

The cylinder body and the liquid collecting funnel are connected with the supporting device. The supporting device includes outriggers, uprights, first inclined rods, first connecting rods, second inclined rods, second connecting rods, support rings and clamping parts, uprights and outriggers, first inclined rods, one connecting rod, two inclined rods and connecting rods The second is connected, the support ring is connected with the first connecting rod and the liquid collecting funnel, and the clamping part is connected with the second connecting rod and the cylinder body. The column and the first inclined rod, the first connecting rod, the second inclined rod and the second connecting rod can be rotated 180°, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly.

The soil to be tested is placed in the ring cutter. The cylinder of the water head control room and the ring knife are sealed with waterproof tape, which is convenient for the installation of the sample and prevents the water from flowing out of the joint.

Working principle: control the rise and fall of the water level in real time through the float switch extending into the water head control room. When the water level drops, the floating ball drops, opens the electronically controlled water valve, and water enters; when the set water level is reached, the floating ball switch rises to a predetermined height, closes the electronically controlled water valve, and stops water feeding. Adjusting the tightness of the compression bolt can adjust or fix the float switch, the switch can go up and down to set the height of the water level. The outflow and inflow per minute are collected by a computer through a digital electronic scale and flowmeter, so as to calculate the infiltration rate and infiltration amount of the sample to be tested.

The calculation formula of infiltration rate is V=(Q _n ×10)/(T _n ×S), and the calculation formula of infiltration sediment yield is M=Q _s -Q _n . In the formula, V is the penetration rate of the soil to be tested; Q _n is the amount of water poured in during the test (ml); T _n is the test time; S is the area of the ring knife, and Q _s is the outflow during the test.

Beneficial effect: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable features:

1. It is easy to disassemble and install, and the experimental device can be installed and tested without any tools;

2. The water level is controlled in real time through the float switch, and the infiltration and exudation are automatically collected by flow meters and electronic scales, which greatly reduces the workload of scientific researchers;

3. Tests under different water head pressures can be carried out under different soil replacement conditions, and the water level can be controlled by the float switch. During the test, water can be added in real time to maintain the height of the water level, thereby improving the accuracy of the test. ;

4. It can measure the sediment yield by infiltration.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the half sectional view of the water head control room 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the perspective view of the water head control room 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the support device 11 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a control principle diagram of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The directions shown in the drawings in the description are up, down, left and right.

As shown in Figure 1, the infiltration test device mainly includes three parts, the water head control system, the infiltration liquid collection device and the data acquisition system. The water head control system includes an electronically controlled water valve 6 and a water head control room 2 ; the infiltrated liquid collection device includes a support device 11 , a liquid collection funnel 4 , and a water holding device 9 ; the data acquisition system includes a flow meter 7 and an electronic scale 10 . The electronically controlled water valve 6 is connected through the pipeline 5 , the flow meter 7 and the water outlet on the water tank 1 . The flow meter 7 is connected to the water inlet port on the water head control room 2 through the pipeline 5 . The soil to be tested is placed in the ring knife 3. The top of the ring knife 3 is connected to the water head control room 2, and the bottom is connected to the liquid collecting funnel 4. The outer wall of the liquid collecting port of the liquid collecting funnel 4 is a stepped structure, and the inner diameter is the same as the cutting edge of the ring knife 3. co-operate. The collecting funnel 4 is placed on the support device 11 . The infiltrate is collected by the collecting funnel 4 and flows to the infiltrate water holding device 9 . At the beginning of the test, the water flow passes through the electronically controlled water valve 6 , the flow rate is calculated by the flow meter 7 , and the flow data on the flow meter 7 is collected by the computer 8 . When the water holding device 9 collects the seepage liquid, the electronic scale 10 immediately collects the seepage amount data through the data transmission interface and transmits it to the computer 8 .

As shown in FIGS. 2-3 , the opening and closing of the electronically controlled water valve 6 is controlled by the float switch 201 . The float switch 201 is inserted into the cylinder 203 from the middle of the top of the cylinder 203 of the water head control room 3. The rod of the float switch 201 is marked with a scale, which is fixed by the compression bolts 202. By adjusting the tightness of the compression bolts 202, the float switch 201 is The lever moves up and down to adjust the water level. The nut of the compression bolt 202 is a conical thread with a large upper and a lower small, which is matched with the three-lobed interface on the top of the water head control chamber 2. As the nut of the compression bolt 202 is screwed into the three-lobed interface, it deforms and tightens inward to fix the floating. Ball switch 201. When the set water level is reached, the float floats up, the float switch 201 is turned off, the electronically controlled water valve 6 is closed to stop water supply, the water level drops while the float drops, the float switch 201 is turned on, and the electronically controlled water valve 6 is opened to start water supply, This repetition can precisely control the water level. The inner and outer diameters of the water head control chamber 2 are consistent with the ring knife 3. After connecting it with the float switch 201 and the water inlet pipe 5, it is connected with the end of the ring knife 3 without a cutting edge through a waterproof tape, and placed in the collecting funnel 4. superior.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the column 112 of the support device 11 is hinged with the first inclined rod 113 , the first connecting rod 114 , the second inclined rod 115 , and the second connecting rod 116 , and the bottom end is fixedly connected with the two legs 111 . The first connecting rod 114 and the second connecting rod 116 are fixed to the upright column 112 at a 90° angle through the first inclined rod 113 and the second inclined rod 115 . The first connecting rod 114 is overlapped with the support ring 117 for placing the collecting funnel 4, and the second connecting rod 116 is overlapped with the clamping portion 118 used to clamp the water head control chamber 2. After the test is completed, the supporting device 11 can be folded and stored .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the power source 12 is an AC power source, which supplies power to the water head control room 2 , the electronically controlled water valve 6 , the flow meter 7 and the electronic scale 10 . The float switch 201 is connected to the power supply 12 and the electronically controlled water valve 6 through wires, and the closure of the circuit of the float switch 201 - the power supply 12 - the electronically controlled water valve 6 is controlled by the magnet 204 in the float switch 201 . One end of the flow meter 7 is connected to the pipe interface of the electronically controlled water valve 6 through the pipeline 5, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the water head control room 2 through the pipeline 5, and is connected to the power supply 12 through a wire, and is connected to the computer 8 through a data transmission line. connect. The electronic scale 10 is connected to the power supply 12 through a wire, and is connected to the computer 8 through a data transmission line.

The installation method of the above-mentioned ring knife infiltration device comprises the following steps:

(1) The support device 11 is opened and fixed;

(2) The liquid collecting funnel 4 is placed in the support ring 117 of the support device 11, and the water holding device 9 is placed on the electronic scale 10;

(3) Fix the float switch 201 on the cylinder body 203 of the water head control chamber 2 through the compression bolt 202, and set the water level height;

(4) Connect the water supply pipeline 5 to the water inlet of the water head control room 2;

(5) Connect the flow meter 7 and the electronic scale 10 with the computer 8;

(6) Connect the water head control room 2, the ring cutter 3 and the soil column to be tested by a waterproof tape, place it on the collecting funnel 4, and fix it by the clamping part 118 of the support device 11;

(7) Start the test.

The test starts from the first drop of water dripping from the funnel, and 4 sets of data are continuously collected. The same test determines that the sample has reached stable infiltration. The infiltration rate calculation formula is V = (Q _n × 10)/(T _n × S) The formula for calculating the amount of sand is M=Q _s -Q _n .

In the formula, V is the penetration rate of the soil to be tested; Q _n is the amount of water poured in during the test (ml); T _n is the test time; S is the area of the ring knife, and Q _s is the outflow during the test.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a cutting ring infiltration test device which characterized in that: including water tank (1), flood peak control room (2), cutting ring (3) and collection liquid funnel (4), flood peak control room (2) link to each other with water tank (1) through pipeline (5), set up automatically controlled water valve (6) on pipeline (5), cutting ring (3) link to each other with flood peak control room (2), collection liquid funnel (4) respectively, flood peak control room (2) are including float switch (201), compression bolt (202) and barrel (203), float switch (201) link to each other with barrel (203) through compression bolt (202), float switch (201) link to each other with automatically controlled water valve (6), and the lift control through float switch (201) is intake and is stopped and is opened.

2. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: and a flowmeter (7) is arranged on the pipeline (5), and the flowmeter (7) is connected with a computer (8).

3. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: a water containing device (9) is arranged below the liquid collecting funnel (4).

4. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 3, characterized in that: the water containing device (9) is arranged above the electronic scale (10), and the electronic scale (10) is connected with the computer (8).

5. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: and scales are arranged on a rod piece of the floating ball switch (201).

6. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the threads of the compression bolt (202) are tapered threads with a large upper part and a small lower part, and are matched with a three-clack interface at the top of the cylinder body (203).

7. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the cylinder (203) and the liquid collecting funnel (4) are connected with the supporting device (11).

8. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 7, characterized in that: the supporting device (11) comprises supporting legs (111), a vertical column (112), a first inclined rod (113), a first connecting rod (114), a second inclined rod (115), a second connecting rod (116), a supporting ring (117) and a clamping part (118), wherein the vertical column (112) is connected with the supporting legs (111), the first inclined rod (113), the first connecting rod (114), the second inclined rod (115) and the second connecting rod (116), the supporting ring (117) is connected with the first connecting rod (114) and the liquid collecting funnel (4), and the clamping part (118) is connected with the second connecting rod (116) and the simple body (203).

9. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: soil bodies to be detected are placed in the cutting ring (3).

10. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the water head control chamber (2) and the cylinder body (203) are sealed through a waterproof adhesive tape.

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