CN111668604B - Antenna components and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment, wherein the antenna assembly comprises a first antenna, the first antenna comprises a first free end and is used for transmitting a first positioning signal and a first radio frequency signal; the second antenna comprises a second free end, the second free end is arranged opposite to the first free end, a first gap is formed between the first free end and the second free end, and the second antenna is used for transmitting a second positioning signal or a second radio frequency signal; the isolation structure is electromagnetically coupled with at least one of the first antenna and the second antenna, the isolation structure is grounded, and the isolation structure is used for improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna. This application can improve the isolation between first antenna and the second antenna through providing an isolation structure, reduces the interference between first antenna and the second antenna for first antenna, second antenna transmission signal's stability improves, thereby improves electronic equipment's communication stability.

Description

Antenna Components and Electronic Equipment

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna assembly and an electronic device.

Background technique

With the development of communication technology, more and more communication methods can be supported by electronic devices such as smart phones. For example, the electronic device may support radio frequency communication, Wi-Fi communication, Bluetooth communication, and the like. In addition, the electronic device can also perform satellite communication to receive wireless positioning signals, so that the user can locate his own location through the electronic device.

However, in order to support multiple communication methods, multiple antennas need to be provided on the electronic device. Mutual interference exists between the multiple antennas, which leads to a decrease in the communication stability of the electronic device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna assembly and an electronic device, which can improve the isolation between the antennas, thereby improving the communication stability of the electronic device.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly, including:

a first antenna, the first antenna includes a first free end, and the first antenna is used to transmit a first positioning signal and a first radio frequency signal;

A second antenna, the second antenna includes a second free end, the second free end is opposite to the first free end, and a first gap is formed between the first free end and the second free end , the second antenna is used to transmit a second positioning signal or a second radio frequency signal;

an isolation structure, the isolation structure is electromagnetically coupled with at least one of the first antenna and the second antenna, the isolation structure is grounded, and the isolation structure is used to lift the first antenna and the second antenna isolation between.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including a casing and an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly is installed inside the casing, and the antenna assembly is the above-mentioned antenna assembly.

In the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the isolation structure can improve the isolation degree between the first antenna and the second antenna, and reduce the interference between the first antenna and the second antenna, so that the first antenna, the second antenna The stability of the two-antenna transmission signal is improved, thereby improving the communication stability of the electronic device.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1 along the Q-Q direction.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

Embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device. The electronic device may be a smart phone, a tablet computer, etc., or a game device, an AR (Augmented Reality, augmented reality) device, a car device, a data storage device, an audio playback device, a video playback device, a notebook computer, and a desktop computing device. equipment, etc.

Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 1 along the Q-Q direction. The electronic device 100 includes a display screen 11 , a cover plate 12 , a middle frame 13 , a circuit board 14 , a battery 15 and a back cover 16 .

The display screen 11 may be installed on the middle frame 13 and connected to the back cover 16 through the middle frame 13 to form a display surface of the electronic device 100 for displaying images, texts and other information. Meanwhile, the display screen 11 may serve as a front case of the electronic device 100 . The display screen 11 may be a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) or an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED).

In some embodiments, the display screen 11 may include a display area and a non-display area. The display area performs the display function of the display screen 11 for displaying information such as images and texts. No information is displayed in the non-display area. The non-display area can be used to set functional components such as cameras and touch electrodes on the display screen.

In some embodiments, the display screen 11 may be a full screen. At this time, the display screen 11 can display information in a full screen, so that the electronic device 100 has a larger screen ratio. The display screen 11 only includes a display area and does not include a non-display area, or the area of the non-display area is small for the user. At this time, functional components such as cameras and proximity sensors in the electronic device 100 can be hidden under the display screen 11 , and the fingerprint recognition module of the electronic device 100 can be disposed on the back cover of the electronic device 100 .

The cover plate 12 can be installed on the middle frame 13, and the cover plate 12 covers the display screen 11 to protect the display screen 11 and prevent the display screen 11 from being scratched or damaged by water. The cover plate 12 may be a transparent glass cover plate, so that the user can observe the content displayed on the display screen 11 through the cover plate 12 . In some embodiments, the cover plate 12 may be a glass cover plate made of sapphire.

The middle frame 13 may have a thin plate-like or sheet-like structure, or may be a hollow frame structure. The middle frame 13 is used to provide support for the electronic components or functional components in the electronic device 100 so as to mount the electronic components and functional components in the electronic device together. Wherein, the middle frame 13 and the back cover 16 may together form a casing of the electronic device 100 for accommodating or installing electronic components, functional components, etc. of the electronic device. For example, functional components such as cameras, receivers, circuit boards, and batteries in the electronic device can be mounted on the middle frame 13 for fixing. In some embodiments, the material of the middle frame 13 may include metal or plastic.

The circuit board 14 may be mounted on the middle frame 13 . The circuit board 14 may be the main board of the electronic device 100 . The circuit board 14 is provided with a feeding point to realize the grounding of the circuit board 14 . The circuit board 14 may be integrated with one, two or more functional components such as a microphone, a speaker, a receiver, a headphone jack, a camera, a distance sensor, an ambient light sensor, a gyroscope, and a processor. Meanwhile, the display screen 11 may be electrically connected to the circuit board 14 .

In some embodiments, a display control circuit is provided on the circuit board 14 . The display control circuit outputs electrical signals to the display screen 11 to control the display screen 11 to display information.

The battery 15 may be mounted on the middle frame 13 . Meanwhile, the battery 15 is electrically connected to the circuit board 14 , so that the battery 15 can supply power to the electronic device 100 . The circuit board 14 may be provided with a power management circuit. The power management circuit is used to distribute the voltage provided by the battery 15 to the various electronic components in the electronic device 100 .

The back cover 16 is used to form the outer contour of the electronic device 100 . The rear cover 16 may be integrally formed. During the molding process of the back cover 16 , structures such as a rear camera hole, a fingerprint identification module mounting hole and the like may be formed on the back cover 16 .

In some embodiments, one or more antenna radiators may be disposed inside the electronic device 100 . The antenna radiator can be used to radiate wireless signals outward, or receive wireless signals sent by other devices (eg, base stations, satellites, etc.). The antenna radiator may be formed on a structure such as a middle frame or a back cover of the electronic device 100 . The antenna radiator and the carrier for carrying the antenna radiator may constitute an antenna assembly. The antenna assembly may be installed inside the housing of the electronic device 100 .

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an antenna assembly 20 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

The antenna assembly 20 includes a first antenna 21 , a second antenna 22 and an isolation structure 23 . The first free end 210 of the first antenna 21 is disposed opposite to the second free end 220 of the second antenna 22 . A first gap 27 is formed between the first free end 210 and the second free end 220 . The isolation structure 23 is electromagnetically coupled to at least one of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 , and the isolation structure 23 is grounded.

The first antenna 21 may also send or receive the first positioning signal. Or send and receive the first positioning signal at the same time. The first antenna 21 can transmit or receive the first radio frequency signal. Alternatively, the first radio frequency signal is transmitted and received simultaneously. The first antenna may be a three-in-one antenna. The first radio frequency signal may be a global positioning system (Global Positioning System, GPS) signal in the L1 frequency band, a fifth-generation Wi-Fi signal in the 2.4 GHz (gigahertz) frequency band and the 5 GHz frequency band (referred to as WiFi 2.4G and WiFi 5G for short). ). The frequency range of the L1 frequency band may be 1575.42±1.023MHz (megahertz). The first positioning signal includes a GPS signal in the L1 frequency band. The first radio frequency signal includes a low frequency radio frequency signal, an intermediate frequency radio frequency signal and a high frequency radio frequency signal. The frequency of the low frequency radio frequency signal may include 699MHz to 960MHz, the frequency of the intermediate frequency radio frequency signal may include 1710MHz to 2170MHz, and the frequency of the high frequency radio frequency signal may include 2300MHz to 2690MHz. In addition, the first radio frequency signal includes a WiFi signal in the 2.4GHz frequency band and a WiFi signal in the 5GHz frequency band.

The second antenna 22 is used for transmitting a second positioning signal or a second radio frequency signal. The second antenna 22 may be a two-in-one antenna. The two-in-one antenna may include a GPS antenna in the L5 frequency band and a fifth-generation mobile communication network (5G) antenna in the Sub6G frequency band. The frequency range of the L5 frequency band can be 1176.45±1.023MHz. The frequency band of Sub6G can be 3.4GHz to 3.6GHz. In some embodiments, the second positioning signal may include a GPS signal in the L5 frequency band. The second radio frequency signal may include a 5G radio frequency signal in the Sub6G frequency band.

In addition, the second antenna 22 transmits the second positioning signal or the second radio frequency signal through time division multiplexing. The time division multiplexing method is used for the 5G antenna in the Sub6G frequency band, so that the second antenna can normally transmit GPS signals or 5G signals. First, a period of time is selected from the time period in which the 5G antenna transmits the 5G signal, and the period of time is used as the time period in which the GPS antenna transmits the GPS signal. When the 5G antenna transmits the 5G signal within the period of time, then switch to the GPS antenna to transmit the GPS signal.

In some embodiments, the first free end 210 of the first antenna 21 is disposed opposite to the second free end 220 of the second antenna 22 . That is, the strongest radio frequency signal transmitted by the first free end 210 of the first antenna 21 is set opposite to the strongest radio frequency signal transmitted by the second free end 220 of the second antenna 22 . Secondly, because the first free end 210 of the first antenna 21 is disposed opposite to the second free end 220 of the second antenna 22, the electromagnetic coupling between the two antennas affects the normal transmission of the first radio frequency signal and the first radio frequency signal by the first antenna 21. The two antennas 22 normally transmit the second radio frequency signal. Therefore, the stability of the signals transmitted by the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is reduced. Therefore, an isolation structure 23 is provided, so that part of the currents of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are led out from the isolation structure 23 , thereby ensuring the normal output of the radio frequency signals of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 . That is, the currents of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are led out from the feeding point through the isolation structure 23 . Therefore, the degree of isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is improved.

In some embodiments, a first gap 27 exists between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 . The number of the first gaps 27 may be multiple. In addition, Figure 3 also includes a motor, a Universal Serial Bus (USB), a Subscriber Identification Module (SIM), a battery, a speaker (BOX), a feeding point, a switch (SW1), and a matching circuit 24. The camera module 28, the third feed point 29 of the first antenna 21, the whole machine ground 30, the feed source and other grounded devices, etc. The BOX can be a speaker.

In addition, the motor can push the camera module 28 out of the electronic device, or push the camera module 28 into the electronic device. The camera module 28 can also be arranged on a chute, and the chute is arranged on the casing. The camera module 28 can slide in the chute. The camera module 28 may be a front camera, a rear camera, or a combination of the front camera and the rear camera.

In addition, the antenna carrier 25 is provided with a whole ground 30 . The first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are arranged on the edge of the whole ground 30 . A second gap 301 is formed between the first antenna 21 and the whole ground 30 . A third gap 302 is formed between the second part of the second antenna 22 and the whole machine ground 30 . The second part of the second antenna 22 is electrically connected to the whole ground 30 . The whole machine ground 30 is used for grounding the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 . The second gap 301 is provided with a third feeding point 29 . The third feeding point 29 is electrically connected to the whole machine ground 30 and the first antenna 21 . The third feeding point is used to ground the first antenna 21 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the antenna assembly 20 according to an embodiment of the present application.

In some embodiments, the antenna assembly 20 further includes a matching circuit 24 , and the first end 241 of the matching circuit 24 is connected to the second antenna 22 . The second end 242 of the matching circuit 24 is grounded. The matching circuit 24 is used for adjusting the working frequency band of the second antenna 22 so that the second antenna 22 is suitable for transmitting the second positioning signal or the second radio frequency signal.

In some embodiments, the antenna assembly 20 includes an antenna carrier 25 and a metal frame 26 . The metal frame 26 is formed on the periphery of the antenna carrier 25 . For example, the metal frame 26 may be arranged around the periphery of the antenna carrier 25 . Wherein, the material of the metal frame 26 may include aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and the like. In some embodiments, the antenna carrier 25 may be the middle frame 13 of the electronic device 100 . Both the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are arranged on the antenna carrier 25 .

Referring to FIG. 5 , FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of an antenna assembly 20 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

The second antenna 22 includes a first feeding site 221 and a second feeding site 222 that are spaced apart. The matching circuit 24 includes a switch. The first end 241 of the switch 24 includes a first input port 2411 and a second input port 2412 . The first input port 2411 is connected to the first feeding point 221 , and the second input port 2412 is connected to the second feeding point 222 . The switch 24 can be switched between the first input port 2411 and the second terminal 242 of the switch 24 or can be switched between the second input port 2412 and the second terminal 242

If the feeding point of the 5G antenna in the second antenna 22 is the first feeding point 221 , and the feeding point of the GPS antenna is the second feeding point 222 . When the 5G antenna transmits the 5G signal and the transmitted 5G signal will reach the preset time slot, the switch 24 cuts off the connection between the first input port 2411 and the first feeding point 221, and then connects the second input port 2412 and the second feeding point 222 connection, so that the GPS antenna and the 5G antenna coexist. Therefore, it does not affect the GPS antenna to transmit GPS signals, and the 5G antenna to transmit 5G signals. Wherein, the preset time gap is the time gap during which the GPS antenna transmits the GPS signal. Conversely, if the feed location of the GPS antenna in the second antenna 22 is the first feed location 221 , the feed location of the 5G antenna is the second feed location 222 . When the 5G transmission of the 5G antenna is about to reach the preset time gap, the switch 24 cuts off the connection between the second input port 2412 and the second feeding point 222, and then connects the first input port 2411 and the first feeding point 221. GPS antennas coexist with 5G antennas. Therefore, it does not affect the GPS antenna to transmit GPS signals, and the 5G antenna to transmit 5G signals.

In some embodiments, the isolation structure 23 includes a metal branch, and the metal branch is disposed on the antenna carrier 25 . The metal branch is disposed between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 . The metal branches can be made into any shape. That includes regular shapes and irregular shapes. It can also be a metal branch formed by splicing two sub-metal branches with unequal lengths. Or a metal branch formed by splicing two sub-metal branches with proportional areas. For example, the area ratio can be 1:1, 1:2 or 3:5, etc. I won't go into details here.

Referring to FIG. 6 , FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the antenna assembly 20 provided by the embodiment of the present application.

The isolation structure 23 includes a capacitor, and the capacitor is connected to the second antenna 22 . The capacitor may be an adjustable capacitor or a fixed value capacitor. When the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 generate electromagnetic coupling, that is, the first radio frequency signal of the first antenna 21 and the second radio frequency signal of the second antenna 22 interfere with each other, and the first radio frequency signal of the first antenna 21 and the second radio frequency signal of the second antenna 22 interfere with each other. When the second radio frequency signal of the two antennas 22 cannot be output normally, the adjustable capacitor is adjusted to a fixed value or a capacitor with a fixed value is selected to be connected to the second antenna 22 . The fixed value of the capacitance can improve the stability of the signals transmitted by the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 , so that the first antenna 21 is free from the interference of radio frequency signals of the second antenna 22 . Then, although the capacitance of the selected fixed value prevents the first antenna 21 from being interfered by the radio frequency signal of the second antenna 22, the stability of the transmission signal of the second antenna 22 is reduced. Therefore, the length of the second antenna 22 is shortened or an appropriate length is selected so that the second antenna 22 can normally output the radio frequency signal, thereby improving the stability of the signal transmitted by the second antenna 22 . Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is improved. Also, the capacitor is connected to ground. The fixed value of the capacitance or the selection of the capacitance value is determined according to the condition that the first antenna 21 can be free from interference.

Referring to FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of an antenna assembly 20 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

The antenna assembly 20 further includes a first feed source 31 and a second feed source 32 , and the first feed source 31 and the second feed source 32 may be provided on the circuit board of the electronic device 100 .

The first feed source 31 is used to generate a first positioning signal. The first feed source 31 is connected to the first antenna 21 of the antenna assembly 20 . Therefore, the first feed source 31 can feed the first positioning signal to the first antenna 21 . The first positioning signal may be a GPS signal in the L1 frequency band.

The first feed source 31 can also be used to generate a first radio frequency signal. The first feed source 31 is connected to the first antenna 21 of the antenna assembly 20 . Therefore, the first feed source 31 can feed the first radio frequency signal to the first antenna 21 . Wherein, the WiFi signal may include a WiFi signal in the 5G frequency band and a WiFi signal in the 2.4G frequency band.

The second feed source 32 is used to generate a second radio frequency signal. The second feed 32 is connected to the second antenna 22 of the antenna assembly 20 . Therefore, the second feed source 32 can feed the second radio frequency signal to the second antenna 22 . Wherein, the second radio frequency signal may be a 5G signal in the Sub 6G frequency band.

In addition, the second feed source 32 is also used to generate a second positioning signal. The second feed 32 is connected to the second antenna 22 of the antenna assembly 20 . Therefore, the second feed source 32 can feed the second positioning signal to the second antenna 22 . The second positioning signal may be a GPS signal in the L5 frequency band.

It can be understood that, although not shown in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the slot 27 between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 , a motor, a universal serial bus (Universal Serial Bus) are also included. , USB), Subscriber Identification Module (SIM), battery, speaker (BOX), feeding point, switch (SW1), matching circuit 24, camera module 28, feeding point 29 of the first antenna 21, The ground 30 of the whole machine, the feed source and other grounded devices, etc. There may be a plurality of the slits 27 . The BOX can be a speaker. In addition, the gap 27 between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, the motor, the Universal Serial Bus (USB), the Subscriber Identification Module (SIM), the battery, the speaker (BOX) ), the feeding point, the switch (SW1), the matching circuit 24, the camera module 28, the feeding point 29 of the first antenna 21, the ground 30 of the whole machine, the feed source and other grounded devices are shown in FIG. 3, I won't go into details here.

The antenna assembly and the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present application are described herein using specific examples, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present application; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the Thoughts, there will be changes in specific embodiments and application scopes. To sum up, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limitations on the present application.

Claims (9)

1. An antenna assembly applied to electronic equipment, wherein the electronic equipment comprises four sides which are connected in sequence, and the antenna assembly comprises:

a first antenna including a first free end, the first antenna configured to transmit a first positioning signal and a first radio frequency signal;

the second antenna comprises a second free end, the second free end is arranged opposite to the first free end, a first gap is formed between the first free end and the second free end, the second antenna is used for transmitting a second positioning signal or a second radio-frequency signal, the second radio-frequency signal is a 5G radio-frequency signal, the frequency band of the second radio-frequency signal is 3.4GHz-3.6GHz, and the first antenna and the second antenna are respectively arranged on two adjacent side edges of the electronic equipment;

the isolation structure comprises a metal branch, the metal branch is arranged between the first antenna and the second antenna and is formed by splicing two sub-metal branches with unequal lengths or proportional areas, the isolation structure is electromagnetically coupled with the first antenna and at least one of the second antennas, the isolation structure is grounded, and the isolation structure is used for improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.

2. The antenna assembly of claim 1, further comprising a matching circuit, wherein a first end of the matching circuit is connected to the second antenna, and a second end of the matching circuit is connected to ground, wherein the matching circuit is configured to adjust an operating frequency band of the second antenna, so that the second antenna is suitable for transmitting the second positioning signal or the second radio frequency signal.

3. The antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein the second antenna comprises first and second spaced apart feed points, the matching circuit comprises a switch, a first end of the switch comprising first and second input ports, the first input port being connected to the first feed point and the second input port being connected to the second feed point, the switch being switchable to conduct the first input port to the second end of the switch or to conduct the second input port to the second end.

4. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the first positioning signal comprises a GPS signal in the L1 frequency band, and the first radio frequency signal comprises a WiFi signal in the 2.4GHz band and a WiFi signal in the 5GHz band.

5. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein said second locating signal comprises a GPS signal in the L5 band.

6. The antenna assembly of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an antenna carrier having a ground disposed thereon, the first antenna and the second antenna being disposed at an edge of the ground, a second gap being formed between the first antenna and the ground, a first portion of the second antenna forming a third gap with the ground, a second portion of the second antenna being electrically connected to the ground, the ground being configured to ground the first antenna and the second antenna.

7. The antenna assembly of claim 6, wherein a third feedpoint is disposed at the second gap, the third feedpoint being electrically connected to the ground and the first antenna, the third feedpoint being configured to ground the first antenna.

8. The antenna assembly of claim 6, wherein the second antenna transmits the second positioning signal or the second radio frequency signal by time division multiplexing.

9. An electronic device comprising a housing and an antenna assembly mounted inside the housing, the antenna assembly being the antenna assembly of any one of claims 1 to 8.

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