CN111664734A - Passive cold accumulation and heat exchange method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a passive cold accumulation and heat exchange method and a device, wherein the method comprises a cavity (5) with a heat source (51) and a water tank (1); the device comprises a cavity (5) with a heat source (51) and a water tank (1), wherein cold and hot water storage amounts are stored in the water tank (1), and the cold and hot water storage amounts realize interaction and conduct heat of the heat source (51) to the outside of the cavity (5); an indoor heat exchanger (2) is arranged in the cavity (5), and an outdoor heat exchanger (3) is arranged outside the cavity (5); the indoor heat exchanger (2), the outdoor heat exchanger (3) and the water tank (1) are communicated through water pipes. The invention has low energy consumption and effectively reduces the working environment temperature of the accommodating cavity (equipment room).

Description

A passive cold storage and heat exchange method and device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of energy saving and consumption reduction, and in particular relates to a passive cold storage and heat exchange method and device.

Background technique

There are communication and circuit control equipment and other outdoor equipment such as oil and gas pipelines, power stations, field scientific research stations, meteorological observation stations and communication base stations that have working environment temperature requirements, usually use solar power or wind power without external power grids. The form of energy supply, and the generated energy is used for heat dissipation and temperature control in the equipment room to ensure that the internal instruments and equipment work continuously and stably.

In the prior art, there are the following problems: firstly, due to unstable sunlight or wind, the energy generated can only support the operation of the equipment, and lack of additional energy for heat dissipation; secondly, the environment in some areas is harsh, and traditional ventilation is used. The heat dissipation method has poor heat dissipation and cooling effect while power consumption is high, and cannot meet the heat dissipation and cooling requirements during the hottest period of the outside world; in addition, in extreme cases, sand or other impurities can easily enter the ventilation holes, and fungi can grow, etc. In the past, in the absence of manual maintenance, the working stability of the equipment will be greatly reduced.

To sum up, due to the continuous high temperature of various equipment in the equipment room, the working efficiency of the equipment is reduced, the service life of the equipment is shortened, and the equipment cannot even be operated; how to effectively reduce the working environment temperature of the equipment room and further realize low energy consumption is placed in front of the technicians. the problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The first objective of the present invention is to provide a passive cold storage and heat exchange method, so as to achieve low energy consumption and effectively reduce the temperature of the working environment between equipment.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical scheme of the present invention is: a passive cold storage and heat exchange method, comprising a cavity with a heat source and a water tank; the water tank stores cold water storage capacity and hot water storage capacity, wherein cold storage capacity and hot water storage capacity The heat of the heat source is conducted to the outside of the cavity through the interaction of the quantity.

The working principle of the present invention is that according to the different densities of water or cooling liquid at different temperatures, due to the density difference, the water or cooling liquid generates convection, thereby realizing pure passive indoor and outdoor circulation control.

Furthermore, during the high temperature period during the day, the water in the indoor heat exchanger absorbs the heat in the room and then the density becomes lower and enters the water tank through the second water pipe with a relatively high position. The average temperature of the water corresponding to the height H1 is lower than the corresponding capacity of the height H2. The average temperature of the water, the height H1 corresponds to the cold water in the water capacity, and the first water pipe with a relatively low position can naturally sink into the indoor heat exchanger, so as to achieve indoor circulating cooling.

Further, when the outdoor temperature drops below the temperature at the top of the water tank at night, the water in the indoor heat exchanger absorbs the heat in the room and becomes lower in density, so it enters the water tank through the second water pipe with a relatively high position. The water temperature at the second connection position is higher than the water temperature at the fourth connection position between the fourth water pipe and the water tank, and the low-density hot water rises and enters the outdoor heat exchanger through the relatively high fourth water pipe for cooling, and the water density after cooling decreases. Under the action of gravity, the cold water returns to the water tank through the relatively low third water pipe. The water temperature at the third connection position between the third water pipe and the water tank is lower than the water temperature at the first connection position between the first water pipe and the water tank. High-density cold water It sinks and returns to the indoor heat exchanger through the relatively low first water pipe, so as to realize outdoor circulating heat dissipation.

The above solution is because water is a poor heat conductor, so the heat exchange efficiency between different water temperatures inside the water tank is very low. Judgment, automatic control of continuous indoor circulation and outdoor circulation.

The above scheme has beneficial effects: stable operation without external power support can be achieved, and compared with the heat dissipation of the traditional compression refrigeration method, it can operate with zero energy consumption.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a passive cold storage and heat exchange device, comprising a cavity with a heat source and a water tank; an indoor heat exchanger is arranged in the cavity, and an outdoor heat exchanger is arranged outside the cavity; The indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger and the water tank are communicated through a water pipe.

It is further arranged that the water pipe includes a first water pipe, a second water pipe, a third water pipe and a fourth water pipe; wherein the horizontal position of the connection section between the second water pipe and the indoor heat exchanger is higher than the connection section between the first water pipe and the indoor heat exchanger ; The horizontal position of the connection section between the third water pipe and the outdoor heat exchanger is higher than the connection section between the fourth water pipe and the outdoor heat exchanger. The high and low distribution of the water pipes can continuously provide interactive "power" for the water in the water tank.

It is further arranged that the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are arranged at an angle with respect to the water tank and are inclined on the same side. The inclination on the same side can realize the movement of low-density water with relatively high water temperature to the high water pipe, so as to realize the passive flow of water in the water pipe.

It is further arranged that the first water pipe and the water tank are the first connection position, the second water pipe and the water tank are the second connection position, the third water pipe and the water tank are the third connection position, and the fourth water pipe and the water tank are the fourth connection position ; Wherein the height of the fourth connection position, the third connection position, the second connection position, the first connection position decreases successively; the horizontal height difference between the fourth connection position and the third connection position is H2; The horizontal height difference between the third connection position and the second connection position is ΔH; the horizontal height difference between the second connection position and the first connection position is H1; the height of the water tank is greater than or equal to the difference between the horizontal height differences H1, H2, and ΔH. and.

According to the height arrangement relationship of the water pipes, the third water pipe is connected at the corresponding height of the water tank, and is greater than or equal to the height corresponding to the second water pipe connected to the cold storage tank, so the height difference between the third water pipe and the second water pipe at the cold storage tank is Δh, Δh height The cold storage capacity of the cold storage tank is used for the corresponding cold storage capacity when the external environment continues to be high temperature and the heat cannot be dissipated at night, as a reserve or tolerance refrigeration storage capacity to improve the stability and reliability of the system operation.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of this embodiment;

2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers in this embodiment.

Reference numerals: water tank 1; indoor heat exchanger 2; outdoor heat exchanger 3; chamber 5; indoor heat exchanger 51; first water pipe 11; second water pipe 12; third water pipe 13; fourth water pipe 14; A at the first connection position; B at the second connection position; C at the third connection position; D at the fourth connection position.

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a passive cold storage and heat exchange device includes a cavity 5 with a heat source 51 and a water tank 1; the cavity 5 is provided with an indoor heat exchanger 2, and the cavity 5 is provided outside There is an outdoor heat exchanger 3; the indoor heat exchanger 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the water tank 1 are communicated through a water pipe.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 in this embodiment have structures. Taking the outdoor heat exchanger 3 as an example, it includes water collecting parts 31 at both ends and a plurality of metal pieces connected to the water collecting parts 31 . A plurality of fins 33 are arranged on the outer edge of the tube 32, and the metal tube 32 is used to increase the contact area and improve the heat exchange capacity.

In this embodiment, the chamber 5 is an outdoor equipment room such as oil and natural gas pipelines, power stations, field scientific research stations, meteorological observation stations, and communication base stations that have internal communication and circuit control equipment and have working environment temperature requirements; the heat source 51 is equipment The communication and circuit control equipment in the room have relatively high requirements for heat dissipation.

The water pipe includes a first water pipe 11, a second water pipe 12, a third water pipe 13 and a fourth water pipe 14; wherein the horizontal position of the connecting section between the second water pipe 12 and the indoor heat exchanger 2 is higher than that of the first water pipe 11 and the indoor heat exchanger. The connecting section of the heat exchanger 2; the horizontal position of the connecting section of the third water pipe 13 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is higher than the connecting section of the fourth water pipe 14 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3. The indoor heat exchanger 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 are arranged at an angle with respect to the water tank 1 and are inclined on the same side.

The first water pipe 11 and the water tank 1 are the first connection position A, the second water pipe 12 and the water tank 1 are the second connection position B, the third water pipe 13 and the water tank 1 are the third connection position C, and the fourth water pipe 14 and The water tank is at the fourth connection position D; wherein the fourth connection position D, the third connection position C, the second connection position B, and the first connection position A have decreasing heights in sequence; at the fourth connection position The level difference between D and C at the third connection position is H2; the level difference between C at the third connection position and B at the second connection position is ΔH; the level difference between B at the second connection position and A at the first connection position is H1; the height of the water tank 1 is greater than or equal to the sum of the horizontal height differences H1, H2 and ΔH.

A passive cold storage and heat exchange method, including a cavity 5 with a heat source 51 and a water tank 1; the water tank 1 stores cold water storage and hot water storage, wherein the cold storage capacity and the hot water storage capacity realize interaction to conduct the heat of the heat source 51. to the outside of the chamber 5.

During the high temperature period during the day, the water in the indoor heat exchanger 2 absorbs the lower heat density in the room and then enters the water tank 1 through the second water pipe 12 with a relatively high position. The average temperature of the water corresponding to the height H1 is lower than the corresponding capacity of the height H2. The average temperature of the water, the height H1 corresponds to the volume of water, the cold water with higher density can naturally sink into the indoor heat exchanger 51 through the relatively low first water pipe 11 under the action of gravity, so as to achieve indoor circulation cooling.

When the outdoor temperature drops below the temperature of the top of the water tank 1 at night, the water in the indoor heat exchanger 51 absorbs the heat in the room, and then the density becomes lower and enters the water tank 1 through the relatively high second water pipe 12. Because the second water pipe 12 and the water tank 1. The water temperature at the second connection position B is higher than the water temperature at the fourth connection position D between the fourth water pipe 14 and the water tank. The temperature is higher and the density is lower. The hot water rises and enters the outdoor heat exchange through the fourth water pipe 14 at a relatively higher position. Cooler 3 cools down, the density of the water after cooling becomes higher, and returns to the water tank 1 through the third water pipe 13 with a relatively low relative position under the action of gravity. The water temperature at the third connection position C of the third water pipe 13 and the water tank is lower than that of the first water pipe 11 and the water temperature at the first connection position A of the water tank 1, the cold water with lower temperature and higher density sinks and returns to the indoor heat exchanger through the relatively lower first water pipe 11, so as to realize outdoor circulating heat dissipation.

According to the arrangement of the water pipes, the height difference between the first water pipe 11 and the second water pipe 12 connected to the cold water storage tank is H1. The capacity of water or cooling liquid can be the refrigerating capacity of the indoor heat exchanger in 24 hours, and the refrigerating capacity can match the calorific value of the instrumentation device in 24 hours.

The height difference between the first connection position A of the first water pipe 11 and the water tank 1 and the height difference between the second water pipe 12 and the second connection position B of the water tank 1 is H1; the calculation method of H1 is: H1=Q/SρtC, wherein Q is 24 hours The heat production of indoor equipment, S is the bottom area of the water tank, ρ is the density of water at 35°C, C is the specific heat capacity of water, and t is the designed water temperature. The purpose of this design is to ensure that the height difference H1 between the nozzles of the first water pipe 11 and the second water pipe 12 can meet the water volume required for 24-hour heat exchange in the equipment room, and to ensure that the return water temperature of the first water pipe 11 is within the water tank 1 The minimum water temperature can maximize the cold storage effect of the water tank 1.

At the same time, according to the arrangement relationship of the water pipes, the height difference between the third water pipe 13 and the fourth water pipe 14 connected to the cold water storage tank is H2, and the water capacity corresponding to the height of H2 is the heat dissipation amount corresponding to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the outside heat absorption for 24 hours (the total amount of heat dissipation between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the heat dissipation of the water tank 1 itself), that is, the capacity of this part of the water or cooling liquid can realize the cooling capacity corresponding to the heat dissipation of the outdoor heat exchanger and the heat dissipation of the water tank 1 at night. The refrigerating capacity is the matching of the calorific value corresponding to the 24-hour meter equipment and the heat of the external environment heating the water tank.

The height difference between C at the third connection position of the third water pipe 13 and the water tank 1 and D at the fourth connection position of the fourth water pipe 14 and the water tank 1 is H2; the calculation method of H2 is: H2= H1+ Qs/SρtC, where Qs is the external pair The heat generated by the radiation on the surface of the water tank, Q is the heat generated by the indoor equipment in 24 hours, S is the bottom area of the water tank, ρ is the density of water at 35°C, C is the specific heat capacity of water, and t is the designed water temperature. The purpose of this design is to ensure that the position of the third water pipe 13 after the cooling of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is lower than the heat storage of the water body in the water tank 1 (including indoor heat production and outdoor heat gain during the day).

According to the height arrangement relationship of the water pipes, the third water pipe 13 is connected to the height corresponding to the water tank 1, and is greater than or equal to the height corresponding to the second water pipe 12 connected to the water tank 1. Therefore, the height of the third water pipe 13 and the second water pipe 12 at the water tank 1 is greater than or equal to. The difference is ΔH, the cold storage capacity of the cold storage tank at the height of ΔH is used for the corresponding cold storage capacity when the external environment continues to be high temperature and the heat cannot be dissipated at night. It is used as a reserve or tolerance refrigeration storage capacity to improve the stability of the system operation. and reliability.

Therefore, the total basic design height of water tank 1 is H=H1+H2+ΔH (H1 is the cooling storage capacity for one day, ΔH is considered as the overall cooling storage capacity to make the system meet the 72-hour requirement, and H2 is the storage capacity of the upper outdoor heat exchanger working at the maximum efficiency. Of course, the actual design height of the cold storage tank will be slightly larger than H, that is, there is a certain precipitation area at the bottom of the cold storage tank, and a certain bubble area at the top.

The embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above. It should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can implement the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention. Variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations are made to the examples.

Claims (11)

1. A passive cold storage and heat exchange method, characterized in that: it comprises a cavity (5) with a heat source (51) and a water tank (1); the water tank (1) stores cold water storage capacity and hot water storage capacity, wherein the cold storage capacity The amount of water and the amount of stored hot water realize interaction to conduct the heat of the heat source (51) to the outside of the cavity (5). 2. A passive cold storage and heat exchange method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the temperature is high during the day, the water in the indoor heat exchanger (2) absorbs the heat in the room and the water density becomes lower through the relative position comparison. The high second water pipe (12) enters the water tank (1), and the water temperature at the second connection position (B) of the second water pipe (12) and the water tank (1) is lower than that of the third water pipe (13) and the water tank (1). The temperature of the water at the third connection position (C), the temperature of the water above the third connection position (C) of the third water pipe (13) and the water tank (1) and in the outdoor heat exchanger (3) are all higher, and the first water pipe ( 11) The water temperature below the first connection position (A) with the water tank (1) is still relatively low, and the water in the water tank with lower temperature and higher density will naturally sink into the room through the first water pipe (11) under the action of gravity A heat exchanger (2) is used to achieve indoor circulation cooling. 3. A passive cold storage and heat exchange method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the outdoor temperature drops below the temperature of the top of the water tank (1) at night, the water in the indoor heat exchanger (51) absorbs the heat in the room After the density becomes lower, the water enters the water tank (1) through the relatively high second water pipe (12), because the water temperature at the second connection position (B) of the second water pipe (12) and the water tank (1) is higher than that of the fourth water pipe ( 14) The water temperature at the fourth connection position (D) of the water tank, the low-density hot water rises, and enters the outdoor heat exchanger (3) through the relatively high fourth water pipe (14) to cool down, and the water density after cooling becomes lower Return to the water tank (1) through the third water pipe (13) under the action of gravity, and the water temperature at the third connection position (C) of the third water pipe (13) and the water tank is lower than that of the first water pipe (11) and the water tank (1) The water temperature at the first connection position (A), the cold water with lower temperature and higher density in the water tank sinks under the action of gravity, and returns to the indoor heat exchanger (2) through the relatively lower first water pipe (11) , in order to achieve outdoor circulation heat dissipation. 4. A passive cold storage and heat exchange method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the first connection position (A) between the first water pipe (11) and the water tank (1) and the second water pipe (12) are connected with The height difference at the second connection position (B) of the water tank (1) is H1. The calculation method of H1 is: H1=Q/SρtC, where Q is the heat generated by the indoor equipment in 24 hours, S is the bottom area of the water tank, and ρ is 35℃ When the density of water, C is the specific heat capacity of water, t is the designed water temperature. 5. A passive cold storage and heat exchange method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the third connection position (C) between the third water pipe (13) and the water tank (1) and the fourth water pipe (14) are connected with The height difference at the fourth connection position (D) of the water tank (1) is H2, and the calculation method of H2 is: H2= H1+ Qs/SρtC, where Qs is the heat generated by the external radiation to the surface of the water tank, S is the bottom area of the water tank, and ρ is The density of water at 35°C, C is the specific heat capacity of water, and t is the temperature of the water temperature at which the design radiation acts on the water tank. 6 . A passive cold storage and heat exchange method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the third connection position (C) is higher than the second connection position (B), and the height of both is higher than that of the second connection position (B). The difference is ΔH, and the amount of cold water stored between the water tanks (1) ΔH. 7. A passive cold storage and heat exchange method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the height of the water tank (1) is H ≥ H1+H2+ΔH; wherein the water tank (1) has a sedimentation zone at the bottom and a sedimentation zone at the top. There are bubble areas. 8. A passive cold storage and heat exchange device, characterized in that it comprises a cavity (5) with a heat source (51) and a water tank (1); an indoor heat exchanger (2) is arranged in the cavity (5) An outdoor heat exchanger (3) is arranged outside the cavity (5); the indoor heat exchanger (2), the outdoor heat exchanger (3) and the water tank (1) are communicated through a water pipe. 9 . The passive cold storage and heat exchange device according to claim 8 , wherein the water pipe comprises a first water pipe ( 11 ), a second water pipe ( 12 ), a third water pipe ( 13 ) and a fourth water pipe ( 14); wherein the horizontal position of the connection section between the second water pipe (12) and the indoor heat exchanger (2) is higher than the connection section between the first water pipe (11) and the indoor heat exchanger (2); the third water pipe (13) is connected to the The horizontal position of the connecting section of the outdoor heat exchanger (3) is higher than the connecting section of the fourth water pipe (14) and the outdoor heat exchanger (3). 10. A passive cold storage and heat exchange device according to claim 9, characterized in that: the indoor heat exchanger (2) and the outdoor heat exchanger (3) are arranged at an angle with respect to the water tank (1) and on the same side tilt. 11. A passive cold storage and heat exchange device according to claim 10, characterized in that: the first water pipe (11) and the water tank (1) are the first connection position (A), and the second water pipe (12) and the water tank (1) is the second connection position (B), the water pipe 13 and the water tank (1) are the third connection position (C), and the fourth water pipe (14) and the water tank are the fourth connection position (D); The heights at the fourth connection position (D), the third connection position (C), the second connection position (B), and the first connection position (A) decrease in order; the fourth connection position (D) The level difference between the third connection position (C) and the third connection position is H2; the level difference between the third connection position (C) and the second connection position (B) is ΔH; the second connection position (B) and the first connection The horizontal height difference at the position (A) is H1; the height of the water tank (1) is greater than or equal to the sum of the horizontal height differences H1, H2 and ΔH.

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