CN111646580A - Preparation method and application of slow-release material for treating water pollution - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a sustained-release material for treating water pollution. In the invention, chitosan is added to water whose pH is adjusted to 4-5 with acetic acid, and stirred until completely dissolved; carbonic acid is rapidly added to the water. Sodium solution, add 40-60mL of sodium carbonate solution per gram of chitosan, fully stir to obtain a chitosan solution; then add functional bacterial agents for embedding; adjust the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5 with acetic acid, and precipitate out after fully stirring Set aside, filter and dry to obtain a sustained-release material. The slow-release material-embedded bacterial agent of the invention is used for sewage treatment, and can purify water for a long time, effectively reduce the content of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in water, accelerate the decomposition of nitrite, flocculate suspended solids in water, and increase dissolved oxygen in water.

Description

A kind of preparation method and application of slow-release material for controlling water pollution

technical field

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a slow-release material for treating water pollution, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms.

Background technique

Water pollution is water that pollutes the environment by reducing or losing the use value of water by harmful chemicals. Acids, alkalis, oxidants, copper, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and other compounds in sewage, as well as organic poisons such as benzene, dichloroethane, and ethylene glycol, will poison aquatic organisms and affect drinking water sources and scenic spots. When the organic matter in the sewage is decomposed by microorganisms, the oxygen in the water is consumed, which affects the life of aquatic organisms. After the dissolved oxygen in the water is exhausted, the organic matter undergoes anaerobic decomposition, producing unpleasant gases such as hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan, which further deteriorate the water quality.

With the continuous acceleration of urbanization in my country, a large amount of wastewater is directly or indirectly discharged into urban rivers without treatment, resulting in the deterioration of the water environment and the decline or even loss of the self-purification capacity of river water bodies. The treatment of water pollution can use bioremediation technology, which always uses microorganisms as the first application, but the microbial inoculum added to the water body is in a free state, resulting in serious loss of microorganisms and cannot be retained in the water body for a long time, which seriously limits its use. Purification of polluted water bodies. Microorganisms can be immobilized using immobilization techniques. However, the existing embedding and immobilization technology can only play the role of purifying the microorganism itself, while the embedding carrier cannot play an effective role, and the treatment effect is weak.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a slow-release material embedded bacterial agent, which can be used for the treatment of sewage, which can purify water for a long time, effectively reduce the content of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in water, accelerate the decomposition of nitrite, flocculate suspended solids in water, Increase water dissolved oxygen and other effects.

The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the slow-release material for controlling water pollution, comprises the steps:

S1, add chitosan into water whose pH is adjusted to 4-5 with acetic acid, and stir until completely dissolved;

S2, adding 40-60 mL of sodium carbonate solution per gram of chitosan, rapidly adding sodium carbonate solution to step S1, and fully stirring to obtain a chitosan solution;

S3, adding functional bacterial agent to the chitosan solution prepared in step S2 for embedding;

S4, using acetic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5, to precipitate a precipitate, stir well and then stand, filter and dry to obtain the slow-release material.

Further, the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 0.08-0.12 mol/L.

Further, in step S1, the mass-volume ratio g/mL of chitosan and water is 1:100-200.

Further, the functional bacterial agent is a functional microorganism for improving water quality.

Further, in step S3, the added amount of the functional bacterial agent is 4-6 g of functional bacterial agent per gram of chitosan.

Further, the functional bacterial agent is one or more combinations of photosynthetic bacteria and complex Bacillus.

Further, the viable bacteria content of the photosynthetic bacteria is 5×10 ⁸ cfu/mL-5×10 ⁹ cfu/mL.

Further, the compound Bacillus is two or more of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus lateralis or Bacillus pumilus, and the viable bacteria content is 100×10 ⁸ cfu/mL-200×10 ⁹ cfu/mL.

The second object of the present invention is to provide the sustained-release material prepared by the method.

The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the slow-release material in sewage treatment.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The slow-release material-embedded bacterial agent of the invention is used for sewage treatment, and can purify water for a long time, effectively reduce the content of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in water, accelerate the decomposition of nitrite, flocculate suspended solids in water, and increase dissolved oxygen in water.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1:

According to the technical scheme of the present invention, commercially available photosynthetic bacteria are embedded, and the viable bacteria content of the bacterial agent is 5×10 ⁸ cfu/mL-5×10 ⁹ cfu/mL. Use every 10-15 days. Add chitosan at a mass-to-volume ratio of g/mL of 1:100 to water adjusted to pH 4-5 with acetic acid, and stir until completely dissolved; weigh 20 g of chitosan in total and add it to 2L of acetic acid aqueous solution; quickly add 1L of 0.1 mol/L sodium carbonate solution, stir well; add 100 g of photosynthetic bacteria; adjust the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5 with acetic acid, and precipitate gradually precipitates out of the solution. The precipitate was filtered off, weighed to be substantially dry, and weighed, about 120 g.

Two ponds with an area of about 1 mu and a water depth of 1 meter were selected for the experiment, and 100 g of photosynthetic bacteria and 120 g of the prepared embedded material were sprinkled respectively, and the water quality indicators were regularly tested. The results are shown in Table 1-7 below.

Table 1 Initial water quality

Table 2 Dosing for one week

Table 3 Dosing for two weeks

Table 4 Administration for three weeks

Table 5 Dosing for four weeks

Table 7 Dosing for six weeks

Example 2:

According to the technical solution of the present invention, commercially available Bacillus complexes (including Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus lateralis, and Bacillus pumilus, with a viable bacterial content of 100×10 ⁸ cfu/mL-200×10 ⁹ cfu/mL) are encapsulated , the dosage of the original product instructions for use is 1 meter water depth per 10-12 mu of water surface, the input amount is 0.5-1kg, and it is used once every 10-15 days. Add chitosan to water whose pH is adjusted to 4-5 with acetic acid at a mass-to-volume ratio of g/mL of 1:200, and stir until completely dissolved; weigh 100 g of chitosan in total and add it to 20 L of acetic acid aqueous solution; quickly add 5 L of 0.1 mol/L sodium carbonate solution, stir well; add 500 g of Bacillus compound; adjust the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5 with acetic acid, and precipitate gradually precipitates out of the solution, stir well and leave it to stand at 4°C for half an hour, filter with suction on a Buchner funnel, The precipitate was filtered off, weighed to substantial dryness, and weighed, approximately 600 g.

Two ponds with an area of about 10 mu and a water depth of 1 meter were selected for the experiment, and 500 g of Bacillus compound and 600 g of the prepared embedded material were sprinkled respectively, and the water quality indicators were regularly tested. The results are shown in Table 8-14 below.

Table 8 Initial water quality

Table 9 Dosing for one week

Table 10 Dosing for two weeks

Table 11 Administration for three weeks

Table 12 Dosing for four weeks

Table 13 Dosing for five weeks

Table 14 Dosing for six weeks

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a slow-release material for treating water pollution is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, adding chitosan into water with pH adjusted to 4-5 by acetic acid, and stirring until the chitosan is completely dissolved;

s2, adding 40-60mL of sodium carbonate solution into each gram of chitosan, quickly adding the sodium carbonate solution into the step S1, and fully stirring to obtain a chitosan solution;

s3, adding a functional microbial inoculum into the chitosan solution prepared in the step S2 for embedding;

s4, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.5-7.5 by using acetic acid, separating out a precipitate, fully stirring, standing, filtering and drying to obtain the slow-release material.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 0.08-0.12 mol/L.

3. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio g/mL of chitosan to water in the step S1 is 1: 100-200.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the functional microbial agent is a functional microorganism for improving water quality.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the addition amount of the functional microbial inoculum is 4-6 g per gram of chitosan.

6. The method for preparing the compound bacterial preparation as claimed in claim 5, wherein the functional bacterial preparation is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus compositus.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria have a viable bacteria content of 5 × 10⁸cfu/mL-5×10⁹cfu/mL。

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the Bacillus subtilis complex is Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, or Bacillus laterosporusTwo or more of Bacillus or Bacillus pumilus with viable bacteria content of 100 × 10⁸cfu/mL-200×10⁹cfu/mL。

9. A sustained release material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the slow release material of claim 9 in sewage treatment.