CN111638036B - High temperature and high pressure gas turbine experimental device - Google Patents
High temperature and high pressure gas turbine experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111638036B CN111638036B CN202010546244.5A CN202010546244A CN111638036B CN 111638036 B CN111638036 B CN 111638036B CN 202010546244 A CN202010546244 A CN 202010546244A CN 111638036 B CN111638036 B CN 111638036B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device which comprises a dynamometer connected with a hydraulic turbine, a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply tank with an electric heating pipe, a pressure stabilizing tank, a gas storage tank, a hot water heat pump unit with a tube bundle heat exchanger, an expansion tube prepared from a magnetophilic metal and an electromagnetic mixing device, wherein the pressure stabilizing tank is arranged on an up-down adjustable lifting device, the electromagnetic mixing device consists of a magnetic rotating wheel and a magnetic component matched with the magnetic rotating wheel, the magnetic component is externally connected with a power supply, the magnetic rotating wheel is arranged in an inner cavity of the expansion tube, and the magnetic component is sleeved on the periphery of the expansion tube. The device can be used for researching the flow of the pneumatic hydraulic turbine and the acting mechanism of the pneumatic hydraulic turbine under high temperature and high pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of fluid mechanical engineering and energy conversion, in particular relates to a gas turbine experimental device, and especially relates to a high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device.
Background
With the increase of crude oil price, the improvement of oil quality requirements and the maturation of high-pressure hydrogenation technology, a high-pressure hydrogenation device is gradually and widely used, and the requirement is that an important device reaction feed pump-hydraulic turbine pump set of the high-temperature high-pressure hydrogenation device must keep running stability. The device has high similarity in technology, belongs to high-temperature and high-pressure devices, and has the advantages that redundant liquid pressure energy can be recycled in the technological process, so that a demand source is provided for the application of the hydraulic turbine. In engineering practice, when the hydraulic turbine recovers high-pressure liquid in industries such as synthetic ammonia, petrochemical industry and the like, a certain amount of gas is often contained, and the existence of the gas can cause unstable flow in an impeller runner to form vortex, so that problems of increased hydraulic turbine hydraulic loss, low energy recovery efficiency, poor stability and the like are caused, and the problems have higher requirements on the working stability of a centrifugal pump and the like.
At present, domestic problems of unstable operation process, low efficiency and the like exist in the high-temperature high-pressure gas-containing hydraulic turbine test, and no special system theory is used for guiding. Therefore, the mechanism of the impact of high pressure gas on the energy recovery of the hydraulic turbine remains unknown. The problem of influence on the running stability of the gas-liquid two-phase turbine is solved, and besides the fact that theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods are used for deep learning of the characteristics and internal flow mechanisms of the hydraulic turbine, experiments are indispensable, such as high-temperature high-pressure gas-containing hydraulic turbine running stability tests.
At present, no national standard and related documents are introduced for the test of the running stability of the high-temperature high-pressure hydraulic turbine, and less related data are introduced for the hydraulic turbine test in the air-containing medium.
The difficulty of developing the high-temperature high-pressure gas-containing hydraulic turbine experiment in the actual operation process is high, on one hand, because the experiment is performed under the abnormal pressure, the pressure stabilizing performance of the device is greatly tested, and the unstable pressure can cause the gas-liquid non-uniformity in the flow channel to influence the operation stability. On the other hand, if the insulation measures are not properly implemented or high-temperature liquid leakage occurs, personnel injury can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a high-temperature high-pressure gas-containing turbine experimental device which can be used for researching the flow of a gas-containing hydraulic turbine at high temperature and high pressure and the acting mechanism of the gas-containing hydraulic turbine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device which comprises a dynamometer connected with a hydraulic turbine, a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply tank with an electric heating pipe, a pressure stabilizing tank, a gas storage tank, a hot water heat pump unit with a tube bundle heat exchanger, an expansion pipe prepared from a magnetophilic metal and an electromagnetic mixing device, wherein the pressure stabilizing tank is arranged on an up-down adjustable lifting table;
The outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected with the inlet of the liquid supply tank after passing through the first regulating valve and the high-pressure pump in sequence;
The inlet of the pressure stabilizing tank is provided with a check valve, the outlet of the liquid supply tank is connected with the check valve through a second regulating valve, and the gas storage tank is connected with the check valve through an air compressor, a needle valve and a ventilation nozzle in sequence;
the lower outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank is connected with the liquid discharge tank after passing through the water seal gate valve, and the upper outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank is connected with the inlet of the expansion pipe after passing through the third regulating valve and the tube bundle heat exchanger in sequence;
The electromagnetic mixing device consists of a magnetic rotating wheel and a magnetic component matched with the magnetic rotating wheel, wherein the magnetic component is externally connected with a power supply, the magnetic rotating wheel is arranged in the inner cavity of the expansion pipe, and the magnetic component is sleeved on the periphery of the expansion pipe;
the outlet of the expansion pipe is connected with the inlet of the hydraulic turbine after passing through the damping pulsator, the outlet of the hydraulic turbine is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator after passing through the safety valve, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the gas storage tank, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the liquid storage tank.
The high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device is improved by the fact that the high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device further comprises a high-speed camera and a light source, wherein a camera of the high-speed camera is opposite to a hydraulic turbine, and the light source is opposite to the hydraulic turbine.
The high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device is further improved in that a first pressure gauge is arranged on a liquid supply tank, a second pressure gauge is arranged on a pressure stabilizing tank, a first temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline between an outlet of the liquid supply tank and a second regulating valve, a high-temperature flowmeter is arranged on a pipeline at an outlet of the second regulating valve, a gas flowmeter is arranged on a pipeline between a needle valve and a ventilation nozzle, a second temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline between a tube bundle heat exchanger and an expansion tube, and a gas sensor and a third pressure gauge are arranged on a pipeline between an outlet of the expansion tube and a damping pulsator.
As a further improvement of the high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device, the outer surfaces of the liquid storage tank, the liquid supply tank, the pressure stabilizing tank and the liquid discharge tank are provided with heat insulation layers, and the outer surfaces of the rest pipelines are provided with heat insulation layers except for pipelines through which gas flows (namely, pipelines from a gas storage tank to a ventilation nozzle and pipelines from a gas-liquid separator to the gas storage tank). The insulating layer may be made of, for example, an aluminum silicate fiber material.
As a further improvement of the high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device, the hydraulic turbine shell is Fang Xingqiang made of transparent materials, and the inlet of the hydraulic turbine and the outlet of the hydraulic turbine are square pipes.
As a further improvement of the high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device, the outlet of the expansion pipe and the inlet of the hydraulic turbine are vertically arranged.
As a further improvement of the high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device, the diameter of the ventilation nozzle is 2mm.
The invention provides a device suitable for the experimental research of a hydraulic turbine of a high-temperature high-pressure gas-containing medium, which is used for researching the flow of the gas-containing hydraulic turbine at high temperature and high pressure and the acting mechanism of the gas-containing hydraulic turbine.
The high-temperature high-pressure gas-containing hydraulic turbine device has the following technical advantages:
1. the system pressure is stable and adjustable. The device is designed by combining the pressure stabilizing tank and the lifting table, so that the pressure stability of the system is maintained, and the inlet pressure of the turbine is adjustable.
The expansion pipe is arranged at the outlet section of the pressure stabilizing tank in a matching way, so that the problem of unstable pressure in the prior art is solved.
2. The magnetic rotating wheel of the electromagnetic mixing device can correspondingly adjust the rotating speed by adjusting the electric parameters of the magnetic component, the gas sensor monitors the flowing condition of the pipeline, and the gas content can be flexibly adjusted according to different working conditions.
That is, the experimental device adopts the magnetic assembly to control the electromagnetic rotating wheel to adjust the air content of the liquid, the electromagnetic mixing device is not contacted with the pipeline, and the pressure change caused by leakage at the interface of the conventional gas-liquid mixing device and the pipeline is avoided, so that the problem of leakage of high-temperature liquid in the prior art is solved.
The electromagnetic mixing device has compact structure, reduces the volume of the device, performs gas-liquid fusion in the process of liquid flow, reduces the time of gas-liquid fusion, and improves the efficiency of gas-liquid fusion.
3. The system has strong heat preservation capability.
To maintain the temperature of the liquid, a tube heat exchanger with a heat pump hot water unit (i.e., a hot water heat pump unit with a tube bundle heat exchanger) is installed at the outlet of the surge tank, and thus the hot water heat pump unit can effectively maintain the temperature of the liquid passing through the tube bundle heat exchanger. In addition, the heat insulation layers are arranged on the outer surfaces of the pipelines through which the liquid and the gas-liquid phases pass and the outer surfaces of the liquid storage tank, the liquid supply tank, the pressure stabilizing tank and the liquid discharge tank, so that the temperature change of the liquid in the pipeline can be prevented as much as possible, the phenomenon of high liquid heat release in the pipeline is greatly reduced, and further, the subsequent experiments can be smoothly unfolded.
4. The pump shell is visualized in a transparent way.
The pump shell adopts a square cavity type structure made of organic glass materials, the outer surfaces of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are made into squares, the circular pipeline is prevented from reflecting strongly due to the irradiation of a light source, so that possible internal flow details are observed, the internal form and flow pattern evolution of the impeller are captured through high-speed photography, the working mechanism of the gas-liquid two-phase flow and high-pressure gas-containing hydraulic turbine of the turbine is researched, and the turbine has the characteristics of stable operation, safety and reliability.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature high-pressure gas-liquid turbine experimental device;
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the elevating platform 16 and the surge tank 18 and the like in fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the electromagnetic mixing device 26 and the expansion pipe 25 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 along the cross-sectional direction of the conduit;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a visualization device such as the hydraulic turbine 32 of FIG. 1;
The labels in the figures are as follows:
1. the device comprises a liquid storage tank, a first regulating valve, a 3, a high-pressure pump, a 4, an electric heating pipe, a5, a liquid supply tank, a 6, a first pressure gauge, a 7, a first temperature sensor, a 8, a second regulating valve, a 9, a high-temperature flowmeter, a 10, a gas storage tank, a 11, an air compressor, a 12, a needle valve, a 13, a gas flowmeter, a 14, a ventilation nozzle, a 15, a check valve, a 16, a lifting table, a 17, a second pressure gauge, a 18, a surge tank, a 19, a third regulating valve, a 20, a water seal gate valve, a 21, a liquid discharge tank, a 22, a tube bundle heat exchanger, a 23, a hot water heat pump unit, a 24, a second temperature sensor, a 25, an expansion tube, a 26, an electromagnetic mixing device, a 27, a gas sensor, a 28, a third pressure gauge, a 29, a high-speed camera, a 30, a damping pulsator, a 31, a light source, a 32, a turbine, a 33, a dynamometer, a 34, a safety valve, a 35 and a gas-liquid separator.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:
The high-temperature high-pressure gas-containing hydraulic turbine experimental device comprises a liquid storage tank 1, a gas storage tank 10, a surge tank 18, a hot water heat pump unit 23 with a tube bundle heat exchanger 22, a hydraulic turbine 32 and a dynamometer 33, and is shown in fig. 1-5.
The outlet of the liquid storage tank 1 is connected with the inlet of the liquid supply tank 5 through a first regulating valve 2 and a high-pressure pump 3 in sequence, namely, liquid in the liquid storage tank 1 is pumped into the liquid supply tank 5 by the high-pressure pump 3, and the first regulating valve 2 is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the liquid storage tank 1 and the high-pressure pump 3.
The tank body of the liquid supply tank 5 is respectively provided with an electric heating pipe 4 and a first pressure gauge 6, and the electric heating pipe 4 is used for heating the liquid in the liquid supply tank 5, so that the liquid supply tank 5 can provide high-temperature liquid. The inlet of the pressure stabilizing tank 18 is provided with a check valve 15, the outlet of the liquid supply tank 5 is connected with the inlet of the pressure stabilizing tank 18 after passing through the second regulating valve 8 and the check valve 15, a pipeline between the outlet of the liquid supply tank 5 and the second regulating valve 8 is provided with a first temperature sensor 7, and a pipeline at the outlet of the second regulating valve 8 is provided with a high temperature flowmeter 9.
The gas of the experimental device is provided by a gas storage tank 10, the gas storage tank 10 is connected with the inlet of a surge tank 18 after sequentially passing through an air compressor 11, a needle valve 12, a ventilation nozzle 14 and a check valve 15, the needle valve 12 can accurately control the gas flow, the diameter of the ventilation nozzle 14 is 2mm, and a gas flowmeter 13 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the needle valve 12 and the ventilation nozzle 14.
The gas and the liquid are mixed and enter the surge tank 18 after passing through the check valve 15, the surge tank 18 stably outputs the gas and the liquid in the tank to maintain the system pressure, and the surge tank 18 is arranged on the lifting table 16 which can be adjusted up and down, so that the inlet pressure of the hydraulic turbine 32 can be effectively adjusted.
The surge tank 18 is provided with a second pressure gauge 17, and the second pressure gauge 17 is used for displaying the pressure in the surge tank 18.
The outlet of the lower side of the pressure stabilizing tank 18 is connected with a liquid discharge tank 21 through a water seal gate valve 20.
The outlet of the upper side of the surge tank 18 is connected with the inlet of an expansion pipe 25 after passing through a third regulating valve 19 and a tube bundle heat exchanger 22 in sequence. A second temperature sensor 24 is provided on the connection line between the tube bundle heat exchanger 22 and the expansion tubes 25.
The expansion pipe 25 is made of a magnetophilic metal, and the expansion pipe 25 has the function of automatically adjusting the pressure of a pipeline and maintaining the pressure stability.
The hot water heat pump unit 23 performs a heat-retaining function on the medium flowing through the tube bundle heat exchanger 22, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the medium discharged from the tube bundle heat exchanger 22 is substantially equal to the temperature in the liquid supply tank 5.
The electromagnetic mixing device 26 consists of a magnetic force rotating wheel 262 and a magnetic force assembly 261 matched with the magnetic force rotating wheel 262, wherein the magnetic force assembly 261 is externally connected with a power supply, the magnetic force rotating wheel 262 is arranged in an inner cavity of the expansion pipe 25, the magnetic force assembly 261 is sleeved on the periphery of the expansion pipe 25, and the magnetic force rotating wheel 262 corresponds to the magnetic force assembly 261 along a tangential plane of the expansion pipe 25. When the magnetic assembly 261 is not electrified, the magnetic rotating wheel 262 is adsorbed on the inner wall of the expansion pipe 25, and when the magnetic assembly 261 is electrified, the magnetic rotating wheel 262 rotates around the axis of the expansion pipe 25 in the expansion pipe 25 under the action of magnetic force. By means of the magnetic force rotating wheel 262, the medium flowing through the expansion pipe 25 is uniformly mixed (the size of bubbles is controlled to be uniform), so that the uniform mixing of gas and liquid phases entering the hydraulic turbine 32 is ensured, the electric parameters of the magnetic force assembly 261 are changed, the movement indexes such as the rotating speed of the magnetic force rotating wheel 262 can be correspondingly changed, the air content in the medium is flexibly adjusted, and the test requirements of different working conditions are met.
The outlet of the expansion pipe 25 is connected with the inlet of the hydraulic turbine 32 through a pipeline, a gas sensor 27, a third pressure gauge 28 and a damping pulsator 30 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline, the gas sensor 27 monitors the gas content in the pipeline in real time, the third pressure gauge 28 is used for measuring the pressure at the inlet of the hydraulic turbine 32, the purpose of controlling the pressure at the inlet of the hydraulic turbine 32 to be unchanged can be achieved by adjusting the position of the lifting table 16 at different working condition points, and the damping pulsator 30 is used for absorbing or supplementing the pressure in the discharged material liquid and guaranteeing the stability of the liquid flow rate.
The outlet of the expansion pipe 25 and the inlet of the hydraulic turbine 32 are vertically arranged, that is, the energy recovery section of the hydraulic turbine 32 is vertical, and the liquid in the expansion pipe 25 vertically enters the hydraulic turbine 32.
The camera of the high speed camera 29 is facing the hydraulic turbine 32 and the light source 31 is facing the hydraulic turbine 32.
The hydraulic turbine 32 pump casing adopts a square cavity type structure made of organic glass, the outer surfaces of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are made into square shapes so as to observe the internal flow details, and the hydraulic turbine 32 pump casing is matched with the light source 31 to be shot through the high-speed camera 29, namely, the internal shape and flow pattern evolution of the impeller in the hydraulic turbine 32 are captured through the high-speed camera 29. The hydraulic turbine 32 is connected with the dynamometer 33, and the hydraulic turbine 32 converts the pressure energy of the high-pressure gas-containing medium into mechanical energy and outputs the mechanical energy in the form of shaft power so as to drive the dynamometer 33.
The outlet of the hydraulic turbine 32 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 35 after passing through the safety valve 34, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 35 is connected with the gas storage tank 10, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 35 is connected with the liquid storage tank 1. Relief valve 34 functions to vent excess gas-containing liquid from hydraulic turbine 32 when the pressure at the outlet of hydraulic turbine 32 is excessive and exceeds a relief value, and relief valve 34 opens. The gas-liquid separator 35 separates the medium in the outlet pipeline of the hydraulic turbine 32 into gas and liquid, the gas enters the gas storage tank 10, and the liquid enters the liquid storage tank 1.
In the present invention,
The heat insulation layers are wrapped outside the pipelines of the liquid storage tank 1, the liquid supply tank 5, the pressure stabilizing tank 18, the liquid discharge tank 21 and the liquid and gas-liquid two-phase medium, so that heat insulation is realized, namely, the pipelines of the whole pipeline system except the pipelines from the gas storage tank 10 to the ventilation nozzle 14 and the pipelines from the gas-liquid separator 35 to the gas storage tank 10, which are used for gas circulation, are not provided with heat insulation layers, and other pipelines are provided with heat insulation layers.
Therefore, the whole pipeline system greatly reduces the phenomenon of high liquid heat release in the pipeline under the action of the heat exchanger and the aluminum silicate fiber material, thereby ensuring that the later experiment can be smoothly unfolded.
The invention relates to a high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device, which comprises the following specific working processes:
The liquid stored in the liquid storage tank 1 is water, and the gas stored in the gas storage tank 10 is compressed air.
1. Before starting, the pipeline is checked to determine if the hydraulic turbine 32 components are stuck and the test equipment is normal.
When abnormal sound of the hydraulic turbine 32 is found, it is determined that the hydraulic turbine 32 has a clamping stagnation, and when water leakage occurs in the tank body (the liquid storage tank 1, the liquid supply tank 5, the pressure stabilizing tank 18 and the liquid discharge tank 21) or the pipeline, it is determined that equipment is abnormal and maintenance is needed.
Conversely, the following steps may be performed.
2. The main power supply is started, the temperature of the electric heating pipe 4 is set, the high-pressure pump 3 is started, the water in the circulating pipeline is circulated, and the hydraulic turbine 32 operates.
The method comprises the following steps:
2.1 The liquid in the liquid storage tank 1 is pumped into the liquid supply tank 5 under the action of the high-pressure pump 3 after passing through the first regulating valve 2, the first regulating valve 2 is used for regulating the flow of the liquid entering the liquid supply tank 5, and when the device works, the first regulating valve 2 is in an open state.
The liquid is heated in the liquid supply tank 5 and then is transferred into the surge tank 18, the high-temperature flowmeter 9 is used for detecting the flow rate of the high-temperature liquid, the first temperature sensor 7 is used for detecting the temperature of the high-temperature liquid, the second regulating valve 8 is used for regulating the outlet flow rate of the liquid supply tank 5 (i.e. regulating the inlet flow rate of the surge tank 18), and when the device works, the second regulating valve 8 is in an open state.
2.2 Compressed air is stored in the air storage tank 10, and is injected into the surge tank 18 through the ventilation nozzle 14 with the diameter of 2mm under the action of the air compressor 11, that is, the high-temperature liquid in the liquid supply tank 5 and the compressed air in the air storage tank 10 are combined first, and then enter the surge tank 18 after passing through the check valve 15. The check valve 15 is linked with a third regulating valve 19 for stabilizing the pressure of the gas-liquid mixture in the surge tank 18. When the device is in operation, the third regulating valve 19 is in an open state.
The flow rate of the gas is precisely controlled by the needle valve 12, and the gas flow meter 13 is used to monitor the gas flow rate.
2.3 The gas-liquid mixture discharged from the surge tank 18 passes through a third regulating valve 19 and then enters a tube bundle heat exchanger 22;
When the pressure in the surge tank 18 exceeds the set pressure of the water seal gate valve 20, the water seal gate valve 20 is opened, and the gas-liquid mixture in the surge tank 18 is discharged into the liquid discharge tank 21, thereby realizing the purpose of pressure relief.
2.4 The gas-liquid mixture discharged from the tube bundle heat exchanger 22 passes through the second temperature sensor 24 and then enters the expansion tube 25, and the second temperature sensor 24 is used for measuring whether the temperature of the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the tube bundle heat exchanger 22 meets the test design temperature condition.
When the magnetic force assembly 261 is electrified, the magnetic force assembly 261 drives the magnetic force rotating wheel 262 to rotate around the axial lead of the expansion pipe 25, so that the aim of mixing gas and liquid is fulfilled. The advantage of adopting the magnetic force rotating wheel 262 is that the rotating speed of the magnetic force rotating wheel 262 can be adjusted by changing the electric parameters of the magnetic force assembly 261, and the larger the rotating speed of the magnetic force rotating wheel 262 is, the smaller the generated bubbles are, the more favorable the mixing between gas and liquid is, namely the gas content can be flexibly adjusted, so that the test requirements of different working conditions are met.
Compared with other stirring devices. The electromagnetic mixing device 26 is more compact in structure, reduces the volume of the device, performs gas-liquid fusion in the process of liquid flow, reduces the time of gas-liquid fusion, and improves the efficiency of gas-liquid fusion. By adopting a non-contact gas-liquid mixing method, the pressure change of the pipeline caused by leakage is avoided.
2.5 The gas-liquid mixture discharged from the outlet of the expansion pipe 25 sequentially passes through the gas sensor 27, the third pressure gauge 28 and the damping pulsator 30 and then enters the hydraulic turbine 32;
the gas sensor 27 is used for detecting the gas content in the medium in the pipe and the third pressure gauge 28 is used for detecting the pressure of the medium in the pipe.
In order to ensure stable flow of the conveyed liquid, a pulsation damper 30 is arranged in front of an inlet of the hydraulic turbine 32, and the pulsation damper 30 absorbs or supplements the pressure in the discharged liquid, so that the stability of the flow rate of the liquid is ensured;
2.6 When the pressure at the discharge port of the hydraulic turbine 32 is too high and exceeds a safety value, the safety valve 34 is started to discharge the excessive high-temperature gas-containing liquid in the hydraulic turbine 32, the discharged high-temperature gas-containing liquid is separated in the gas-liquid separator 35, the separated liquid enters the liquid storage tank 1, and the gas enters the gas storage tank 10.
The high pressure gas-containing medium passes through the hydraulic turbine 32 and converts its pressure energy into mechanical energy which is output in the form of shaft power to drive the dynamometer.
It is explained that the above step 2.2) is not operated at the start of operation, i.e., the air compressor 11 is not operated, only the water of the pipeline is circulated to preheat the pipeline so that the hydraulic turbine 32 is operated, and the air compressor 11 is turned on again after the gas-liquid separator 35 is operated, to perform the above step 2.2).
When the high-pressure gas acting mechanism is studied, the flow is kept unchanged, the gas sensor 27 is observed, and the electric parameters of the magnetic assembly 261 are adjusted to change the gas content of the liquid, so that the test requirements of different working conditions are met.
After the experiment was started, the internal form and flow pattern evolution of the impeller of the hydraulic turbine 32 were photographed by the high-speed camera 29. After the experiment, the high-pressure pump 3 and the air compressor 11 were turned off, and at the same time, the first regulating valve 2, the needle valve 12, and the hot water heat pump unit 23 with the tube heat exchanger 22 were turned off.
3. The lifting table 16 can be adjusted in height, so that the inlet pressure of the hydraulic turbine 32 can be conveniently controlled, and the outlet of the surge tank 18 is connected with the expansion pipe 25 to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the system pressure.
Finally, it should also be noted that the above list is merely a few specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but many variations are possible. All modifications directly derived or suggested to one skilled in the art from the present disclosure should be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device comprises a dynamometer (33) connected with a hydraulic turbine (32), and is characterized by further comprising a liquid storage tank (1), a liquid supply tank (5) with an electric heating pipe (4), a pressure stabilizing tank (18), a gas storage tank (10), a hot water heat pump unit (23) with a tube bundle heat exchanger (22), an expansion pipe (25) prepared from a magnetophilic metal and an electromagnetic mixing device (26), wherein the pressure stabilizing tank (18) is arranged on an up-down adjustable lifting table (16);
the outlet of the liquid storage tank (1) is connected with the inlet of the liquid supply tank (5) after passing through the first regulating valve (2) and the high-pressure pump (3) in sequence;
a check valve (15) is arranged at the inlet of the pressure stabilizing tank (18), the outlet of the liquid supply tank (5) is connected with the check valve (15) after passing through the second regulating valve (8), and the gas storage tank (10) is connected with the check valve (15) through the air compressor (11), the needle valve (12) and the ventilation nozzle (14) in sequence;
the lower outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank (18) is connected with the liquid discharge tank (21) after passing through the water seal gate valve (20), and the upper outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank (18) is connected with the inlet of the expansion pipe (25) after passing through the third regulating valve (19) and the tube bundle heat exchanger (22) in sequence;
The electromagnetic mixing device (26) consists of a magnetic rotating wheel (262) and a magnetic component (261) matched with the magnetic rotating wheel (262), wherein the magnetic component (261) is externally connected with a power supply, the magnetic rotating wheel (262) is arranged in the inner cavity of the expansion pipe (25), and the magnetic component (261) is sleeved on the periphery of the expansion pipe (25);
The outlet of the expansion pipe (25) is connected with the inlet of the hydraulic turbine (32) through the damping pulsator (30), the outlet of the hydraulic turbine (32) is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (35) through the safety valve (34), the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (35) is connected with the gas storage tank (10), and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (35) is connected with the liquid storage tank (1).
2. The high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device is characterized by further comprising a high-speed camera (29) and a light source (31), wherein a camera of the high-speed camera (29) is opposite to a hydraulic turbine (32), and the light source (31) is opposite to the hydraulic turbine (32).
3. The high temperature and high pressure gas turbine experimental apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
a first pressure gauge (6) is arranged on the liquid supply tank (5), and a second pressure gauge (17) is arranged on the pressure stabilizing tank (18);
A first temperature sensor (7) is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the liquid supply tank (5) and the second regulating valve (8), and a high-temperature flowmeter (9) is arranged on a pipeline at the outlet of the second regulating valve (8);
A gas flowmeter (13) is arranged on a pipeline between the needle valve (12) and the ventilation nozzle (14);
A second temperature sensor (24) is arranged on a pipeline between the tube bundle heat exchanger (22) and the expansion tube (25);
A gas sensor (27) and a third pressure gauge (28) are arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the expansion pipe (25) and the damping pulsator (30).
4. The high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device according to claim 3, wherein the outer surfaces of the liquid storage tank (1), the liquid supply tank (5) and the pressure stabilizing tank (18) are provided with heat insulation layers, and the outer surfaces of other pipelines except the pipeline through which gas flows are provided with heat insulation layers;
The pipeline for gas circulation is a pipeline from the gas storage tank (10) to the ventilation nozzle (14) and a pipeline from the gas-liquid separator (35) to the gas storage tank (10).
5. The high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device according to claim 4, wherein the experimental device comprises the following components:
The shell of the hydraulic turbine (32) is Fang Xingqiang made of transparent materials, and the inlet of the hydraulic turbine (32) and the outlet of the hydraulic turbine (32) are square pipes.
6. The high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device according to claim 5, wherein the outlet of the expansion pipe (25) and the inlet of the hydraulic turbine (32) are vertically arranged.
7. A high-temperature high-pressure gas turbine experimental device according to claim 6, wherein the diameter of the ventilation nozzle (14) is 2mm.
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