CN111631750B - Ultrasonic scanning method, device and system based on spaced phased array elements - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of phased array ultrasonic scanning, and discloses an ultrasonic scanning method based on spaced phased array elements, which comprises the following steps: selecting discontinuous adjacent array elements in the phased array as an effective array element array, and taking other array elements except the effective array element array as an invalid array element array; controlling the effective array element array to be switched on and controlling the ineffective array element array to be switched off; calculating the transmission delay time of each effective array element according to the position relation of the effective array elements in the effective array element array and by combining the transmission focusing parameters; controlling the effective array element array to carry out ultrasonic delayed transmission according to the transmission delay time; calculating the receiving delay time of each effective array element according to the position relation of the effective array elements in the effective array element array and by combining the receiving focusing parameters; and controlling the effective array element array to perform ultrasonic echo delay receiving according to the receiving delay time. The invention has the technical effects that the focusing effect is not limited by the number of channels and the quality of scanned images is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phased array ultrasonic scanning, in particular to an ultrasonic scanning method, device and system based on spaced phased array elements and a computer storage medium.
Background
At present, the ultrasonic diagnostic technique has become the first choice technique in medical image diagnosis, and has a very important position in clinical diagnosis. In the ultrasonic diagnosis technology, a scanning technology and a beam forming technology of an ultrasonic front end are key technologies of ultrasonic imaging.
Phased array transducers contain a set of small piezoelectric elements that can be individually controlled and independently receive feedback signals. The deflection and focusing of the sound beam of the phased array are realized by the combination and collocation of different delay laws, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. Similarly, the characteristics of the phased array receiving signals can be changed by flexibly controlling the receiving relative delay of the piezoelectric elements of the phased array and then superposing and summing the delay, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. In fig. 1 to 4, Δ t1 to Δ t7 respectively represent delay times of the respective channels.
At present, the phased array imaging system basically performs scanning imaging according to the method, deflects and focuses the phased array element array by applying proper time delay to the array elements, and processes the phased array continuous adjacent array element arrays.
Due to the process characteristics of phased array transducers, the complexity of the ultrasound system, and the market location requirements, the number of channels in a typical ultrasound scanning system is often smaller than or equal to the number of array elements in the phased array. When the number of channels is smaller than that of the array elements, the front-end control of the ultrasonic scanning system takes the physical center of the phased array transducer as a reference center, and a plurality of continuous array elements (the number of the channels is less than or equal to that of the channels) at the center are taken for carrying out transmitting focusing and receiving beam synthesis processing. The disadvantages of this method are: the focusing effect is limited to the size of the number of channels; the heat dissipation between the array element arrays is poor, and the temperature of the array element arrays is increased to reduce the pulse voltage, so that the ultrasonic penetrating power is reduced, and the scanning effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides an ultrasonic scanning method, device and system based on spaced phased array elements and a computer storage medium, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the focusing effect is limited to the size of the number of channels, and the scanning effect is influenced due to poor heat dissipation among array element arrays.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides an ultrasonic scanning method based on spaced phased array elements, which comprises the following steps:
selecting discontinuous adjacent array elements in a phased array as an effective array element array, and taking other array elements except the effective array element array as an invalid array element array; controlling the effective array element array to be switched on and controlling the ineffective array element array to be switched off;
calculating the transmission delay time of each effective array element according to the position relation of the effective array elements in the effective array element array and by combining the transmission focusing parameters; controlling the effective array element array to carry out ultrasonic delayed transmission according to the transmission delay time;
calculating the receiving delay time of each effective array element according to the position relation of the effective array elements in the effective array element array and by combining the receiving focusing parameters; and controlling the effective array element array to perform ultrasonic echo delay receiving according to the receiving delay time, so as to realize ultrasonic scanning.
The invention also provides an ultrasonic scanning device based on the spaced phased array elements, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements is realized.
The invention also provides an ultrasonic scanning system based on the spaced phased array elements, which comprises an ultrasonic scanning device based on the spaced phased array elements, wherein the ultrasonic scanning device based on the spaced phased array elements is a programmable logic device group, and the ultrasonic scanning system also comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a high-voltage switch circuit, a transmitting circuit, an analog front-end circuit, an analog TGC circuit, a DDR (double data rate) buffer and a PC (personal computer) terminal;
the transmitting circuit is electrically connected with the programmable logic device group and is used for generating a corresponding transmitting pulse signal according to the transmitting delay time;
the high-voltage switch circuit is electrically connected with the transmitting circuit and is used for controlling the switch related to the effective array element array to be switched on and controlling the switch related to the ineffective array element array to be switched off;
the ultrasonic transducer comprises the phased array, is electrically connected with the high-voltage switch circuit and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echoes;
the analog TGC circuit is respectively electrically connected with the analog front-end circuit and the programmable logic device group, and is used for generating a TGC compensation curve according to a control signal of the programmable logic device group and sending the TGC compensation curve to the analog front-end circuit;
the analog front-end circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the transmitting circuit and the programmable logic device group, and is used for carrying out signal processing on the ultrasonic echo signals and carrying out TGC compensation on the received ultrasonic echo signals according to the TGC compensation curve;
the DDR buffer is electrically connected with the programmable logic device group and is used for buffering parameters and ultrasonic images;
and the PC terminal is electrically connected with the programmable logic device group and is used for displaying ultrasonic images and performing man-machine interaction.
The invention also provides a computer storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, non-continuous adjacent array elements in the phased array are selected as effective array elements, invalid array elements except the effective array elements are turned off, only the effective array elements are turned on, and the effective array elements are subjected to transmitting and receiving delay control, so that ultrasonic scanning is realized. Because the effective array elements are non-continuously adjacent, under the condition of a certain number of channels, the non-continuously adjacent effective array elements have larger focusing range and better focusing effect compared with the continuously adjacent effective array elements, thereby effectively improving the image quality of ultrasonic scanning on the premise of cost control; simultaneously, because effective array element is noncontinuous adjacent, consequently there is the interval between the effective array element to accelerated phased array's heat dissipation, avoided leading to the problem of scanning effect variation because of the temperature rise.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of phased array acoustic beam transmit deflection in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phased array acoustic beam transmit focusing in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the superposition of the receive delays of echoes arriving at an angle in a phased array in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the superposition of the reception delays of echoes arriving at a phased array in a curved form in the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an ultrasonic scanning method based on spaced phased array elements according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electrical connection relationship between channels and phased array elements provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a transmit model for one embodiment of phased array transmit delay control provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an ultrasonic scanning system based on spaced phased array elements provided by the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a programmable logic controller group provided in the present invention;
reference numerals are as follows:
10. a PC terminal; 20. a USB interface; 30. a programmable logic device group; 300. a USB controller; 301. a parameter decoding module; 302. an overall controller; 303. a dual-port RAM module for transmitting focusing parameters; 304. a transmission parameter caching module; 305. transmitting an apodization parameter dual-port RAM module; 306. a high voltage switch control module; 307. array element independent emission excitation module group; 308. receiving a focusing parameter dual-port RAM module; 309. a focusing parameter calculation module; 310. an LVDS group; 311. an echo data caching module; 312. a delay control module; 313. an interpolation module; 314. receiving an apodization parameter dual-port RAM module; 315. receiving an apodization weighting superposition module; 316. a middle-end processor module; 317. a Doppler controller; 318. a DDR controller; 319. a data transmission control module; 40. a transmitting circuit; 50. a high voltage switching circuit; 60. an ultrasonic transducer; 70. an analog front end circuit; 80. simulating a TGC circuit; 90. and a DDR buffer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 5, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an ultrasound scanning method based on spaced phased array elements, which is hereinafter referred to as an ultrasound scanning method for short, and includes the following steps:
s1, selecting discontinuous adjacent array elements in a phased array as an effective array element array, and using other array elements except the effective array element array as an invalid array element array; controlling the effective array element array to be switched on and controlling the ineffective array element array to be switched off;
s2, calculating the transmission delay time of each effective array element according to the position relation of the effective array elements in the effective array element array and by combining transmission focusing parameters; controlling the effective array element array to carry out ultrasonic delayed transmission according to the transmission delay time;
s3, calculating the receiving delay time of each effective array element according to the position relation of the effective array elements in the effective array element array and by combining the receiving focusing parameters; and controlling the effective array element array to perform ultrasonic echo delay receiving according to the receiving delay time, so as to realize ultrasonic scanning.
In the embodiment, firstly, non-continuous adjacent array elements are selected as effective array elements, other array elements are selected as ineffective array elements, the electrical connection of the effective array element array is opened, and the electrical connection of the ineffective array element array is cut off, and particularly, the on/off control of the array elements can be realized through a high-voltage switch control circuit; then controlling the emission delay of the effective array element array and applying corresponding amplitude weighting; and finally, carrying out receiving delay and weighted superposition on the received echo signals to realize the whole process of ultrasonic scanning.
Specifically, the non-consecutive adjacent array elements indicate that at least two non-consecutive effective array elements exist in the effective array element array. For example: in the effective array element array, a plurality of effective array elements are arranged at equal intervals, and an ineffective array element is arranged between every two adjacent effective array elements, and it should be understood that the selection of the effective array elements includes but is not limited to this example. Specifically, the transmission delay control firstly acquires the calculated transmission focusing parameters, and then calculates the transmission delay time by using the transmission focusing parameters in combination with the selected arrangement mode of the effective array elements so as to generate a transmission delay control signal independently transmitted to each effective array element and realize the transmission delay. Specifically, the reception delay control first obtains reception focusing parameters calculated according to a delay rule, and performs relative delay and weighted superposition in combination with a relationship between the effective array element array and the channel.
Because selected discontinuous adjacent array element to carry out ultrasonic emission and echo and received, realize the ultrasonic scanning, consequently under the certain circumstances of passageway quantity, under the certain circumstances of effective array element quantity promptly, continuous adjacent array element is compared to discontinuous adjacent effective array element in this embodiment, and its scanning bore is wideer, and focus range is bigger, and to same focus point, the focusing effect is better. For example, in a 32-channel ultrasound system, a phased array probe of a 64-array is used, and array elements with odd or even sequence numbers are selected as effective array elements, so that the focusing effect of the phased array probe in the 64-channel ultrasound system can be close to that of the phased array probe, while if 32 continuous array elements are selected as effective array elements, the focusing effect of the phased array probe can only reach about half of that of the 64-channel ultrasound system. Therefore, the present embodiment achieves a better focusing effect on the premise of a smaller number of channels (cost control). Meanwhile, due to the fact that the non-continuous adjacent array elements are selected as the effective array elements, the interval between the effective array elements is larger than that between the continuous adjacent effective array elements, the radiating speed of the effective array elements is accelerated, the temperature is reduced, and the problem that the scanning effect is poor due to temperature rise is solved.
Preferably, non-continuous adjacent array elements in the phased array elements are selected as an effective array element array, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and selecting two array elements which are not adjacent to each other in the phased array as an effective array element array.
Two liang of homogeneous non-adjacent array elements of selection are as effective array elements for effective array elements's distribution range is wider, thereby further strengthens the focusing effect, makes the interval between the effective array elements all increase simultaneously, thereby further quickening effective array elements's radiating rate, reduce the temperature.
Preferably, a plurality of effective array elements in the effective array element array are distributed at equal intervals.
Preferably, non-continuous adjacent array elements in the phased array elements are selected as an effective array element array, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the number of the array elements in the phased array is larger than that of the channels, at most one effective array element is arranged in the array elements connected with the same channel.
Because each channel can only control an array element at the same moment, consequently, when the channel quantity is less than array element quantity, must appear the condition that a plurality of array elements of a channel connection, at this moment, need pay attention to when choosing effective array element, can only select an effective array element at most in the array element that same channel is connected, avoid control inefficacy.
Preferably, non-continuously adjacent array elements in the phased array are selected as an effective array element array, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the number of the ultrasonic scanning channels is N, the number of the array elements in the phased array is M times of the number of the channels, M is an integer larger than 1, and the (M-1) N + N array elements are all connected with the nth channel, wherein M =1,2, \ 8230; (M, N =1,2, \ 8230;, N;
sequentially dividing array elements in the phased array into M groups of continuous array elements, wherein the M group of array elements comprises 1+ (M-1) N, 2+ (M-1) N, \ 8230, and mN array elements;
for the M-th array element group, selecting the (M-1) N + i + jM array elements as effective array elements, wherein i takes any value of 1,2, \ 8230;, M,
int () represents an integer;
the i values of the M array elements are respectively 1,2, \ 8230, the i values of the M array elements are different from each other, and the effective array elements are obtained by combining the effective array elements selected from the multiple array element groups.
In the preferred embodiment, an effective array element selection mode is provided, which is directed to the case that the array elements at equal intervals (at intervals of N array elements) are connected with the same channel. Under this kind of connection condition, because need satisfy in the array element that same passageway is connected and select an effective array element at most, all do not all be adjacent between each effective array element moreover, and the equidistant distribution as far as possible between the effective array element so that carry out delay control, consequently set up a better effective array element and chose (m-1) N + i + jM array element as effective array element to every group array element group, promptly: an effective array element is selected at every M array elements in each array element group, and because the array elements connected to the same channel exist in each array element group, the selected starting points are different when the effective array elements are selected in each array element group, namely the values of i are different.
Specifically, in order to better explain the above selection manner, the present embodiment takes the example that the number of array elements in the phased array is twice the number of channels. As shown in fig. 6, the number of channels is N, which are numbered 1 to N sequentially, and the number of phased array elements is 2N, which are numbered 1 to 2N sequentially. The 1 st array element and the (N + 1) th array element are connected with the 1 st channel, the second array element and the (N + 2) th array element are connected with the 2 nd channel, \8230, and the Nth array element and the 2 Nth array element are connected with the Nth channel. The 2N array elements are divided into two groups, namely that the 1 st to N array elements are the first array element group, and the N +1 th to 2N array elements are the second array element group. In fig. 6, the solid line represents the connection relationship between the first array element and the channel, the dotted line represents the connection relationship between the second array element and the channel, and the black solid point is two sets of connection intersections. For the first array element group, one effective array element is selected every two array elements (M = 2), namely the difference between the numbers of adjacent effective array elements is 2, so that the array elements with odd numbers can be gated, and the array elements with even numbers can be gated. For the second array element group, one effective array element is selected every two array elements. However, because the odd-numbered array elements in the first array element group are in one-to-one correspondence with the odd-numbered array elements in the second array element group, and the corresponding array elements are connected to the same channel (for example, the 1 st array element and the N +1 th array element), as well as the same even-numbered array elements, the odd-numbered array elements in the two array element groups cannot be gated simultaneously, and the even-numbered array elements in the two array element groups cannot be gated simultaneously. That is, the values of i in the above formula need to be selected differently, where i =1,2, i in the first array tuple is 1, i in the second array tuple is 2, or vice versa. Finally, gating 1, 3, 5 \8230 \ 8230, N-3, N-1, N +2, N +4 \8230, 2N-2, 2N array elements or 2, 4, 6 \8230 \ 8230: -2, N +1, N +3 \8230: -8230, 2N-3, 2N-1 array elements, namely: opening array elements with odd numbers in the first array element group, opening array elements with even numbers in the second array element group, and turning off the rest array elements, namely an outer interval method; or the array elements with even numbers are switched on in the first array element group, the array elements with odd numbers are switched on in the second array element group, and the rest are switched off, which is called the inner spacing method for short.
After the effective array elements are gated, the synthesis of transmitting focusing and receiving wave beams can be carried out, and the ultrasonic scanning process is completed.
During the ultrasonic scanning, the relationship among the focal diameter, the focal length, the aperture and the ultrasonic wavelength can be expressed by the following relation:
wherein, d f λ is the ultrasonic length, F is the focal length, D is the aperture, and the focal diameter D is the focal diameter in the sound field f The smaller the beam, the better the sidedness of the beam, so when F is constant, the larger D, D f The smaller the size, the better the focusing effect. The method for selecting the non-continuous adjacent array elements can enlarge the distance between the array elements under the condition of a certain number of channels and the same number of transmitting apertures, namely, the physical length of the apertures is enlarged, so that the transmitting is more focused.
Similarly, receive focus follows the relationship described above. Under the algorithm of receiving dynamic apodization, for the focusing of a middle and far field, the aperture number equal to (or close to) that of a channel is utilized, and as the effective array element interval is increased, the actual receiving aperture is also increased, so that the focusing effect of the middle and far field is close to the superposition focusing effect of the aperture with the number of times (the times are related to the M value) quantized by the original array element interval.
Therefore, the invention enhances the focusing effect by enlarging the space between the effective array elements. Meanwhile, the spaced effective array elements are beneficial to the heat dissipation of the array elements, and the requirement on temperature rise safety is easily met; on the premise of meeting the safety requirement of temperature rise, the voltage excited by the array elements is increased, so that the penetrating power of ultrasonic scanning is enhanced.
Preferably, non-continuous adjacent array elements in the phased array are selected as an effective array element array, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the number of the ultrasonic scanning channels is N, the number of the array elements in the phased array is M times of the number of the channels, M is an integer larger than 1, and the (N-1) M + M array elements are all connected with the nth channel, wherein M =1,2, \ 8230;, M;
and (N-1) M + p effective array elements are selected as the effective array element array, wherein N =1,2, \ 8230; N, p takes any value of 1,2, \ 8230; and M.
The preferred embodiment provides an effective array element selection mode for the case that continuous M array elements are all connected to the same channel. Under this kind of connection condition, because need satisfy and select an effective array element at most among the array element of same channel connection, all be all not adjacent in addition between each effective array element, and equidistant distribution as far as possible so that carry out delay control between the effective array element, consequently set up a better effective array element and chose the mode, (n-1) M + p array element as effective array element, promptly: the array elements are divided into N groups, M array elements connected with each channel form one group, one array element is arbitrarily selected from a plurality of adjacent array elements connected with each channel to be used as an effective array element, and the ordering positions of the effective array elements in the corresponding array element groups are the same, namely p values are the same.
Specifically, 3 in which the number of array elements is the number of channels is exemplified. The number of the channels is N, the channels are numbered from 1 to N in sequence, the number of the phased array elements is 3N, and the channels are numbered from 1 to 3N in sequence. The 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd array elements are all connected with the 1 st channel, the 4 th, 5 th and 6 th array elements are all connected with the 2 nd channel, \ 8230, and the 1 st + (N-1) × 3, 2+ (N-1) × 3 and 3+ (N-1) × 3 array elements are all connected with the Nth channel. When p is 1, the selected effective array elements are as follows: 1, 4, 7, \8230;, 1+ (N-1) × 3 array elements; when p is 2, the selected effective array elements are as follows: 2, 5, 8, \8230;, 2+ (N-1) × 3 array elements; when p is 3, the selected effective array elements are as follows: 3, 6, 9, \ 8230;, 3+ (N-1) × 3 array elements.
After the effective array elements are gated, the synthesis of transmitting focusing and receiving wave beams can be carried out, and the ultrasonic scanning process is completed.
Preferably, the method calculates the transmit delay time of each effective array element according to the position relationship of the effective array elements in the effective array element array in combination with transmit focusing parameters, and calculates the receive delay time of each effective array element according to the position relationship of the effective array elements in the effective array element array in combination with receive focusing parameters, specifically:
wherein, τ 1 a For the transmission delay time of the a-th active array element, τ 2 a Receiving delay time, L, for the a-th valid array element a For the echo length from the focus point to the a-th effective array element,
P a is the distance from the a-th array element to the center of the sound head, F k Distance of focus point to centre of sound head, theta a Is the included angle between the emission beam direction and the normal line, c is the wave velocity of the ultrasonic wave, t0 is the additional value and is used for ensuring tau 1 a And τ 2 a Positive values.
In this embodiment, when performing ultrasound transmission and echo reception, corresponding delay adjustment needs to be performed on the selected effective array element, specifically, as shown in fig. 7, a transmission model of a phased array is given, and a reception model is an inverse process thereof. The delay rule is as follows: in FIG. 7, let the phased array element pitch be pitch, P a Is the distance from the a-th array element to the center of the sound head, P a = N + 0.5/=, N = ± 1, ± 2, \ 8230, where ± N/2, N is the total number of array elements; f k The distance from the focal point k position to the center of the sound head changes along with the change of the focal point position; l is a For the echo length from the focus point to the a-th array element, each array element passes through tau 1 a After the delay, the angle between the direction of the transmitted beam and the normal is theta a 。
According to the cosine theorem it follows that:
relative delay time of each array element:
the delay time in the echo receiving process can be obtained in the same way, and will not be described in detail herein.
Example 2
The ultrasonic scanning device based on the spaced phased array elements provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for realizing the ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements, so that the technical effect of the ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements is also achieved by the ultrasonic scanning device based on the spaced phased array elements, and the description is omitted.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 8, embodiment 3 of the present invention provides an ultrasound scanning system based on spaced phased array elements, including the ultrasound scanning apparatus based on spaced phased array elements provided in embodiment 2, where the ultrasound scanning apparatus based on spaced phased array elements is a programmable logic device group 30, and the ultrasound scanning system further includes an ultrasound transducer 60, a high voltage switch circuit 50, a transmitting circuit 40, an analog front-end circuit 70, an analog TGC circuit 80, a DDR buffer 90, and a PC terminal 10;
the transmitting circuit 40 is electrically connected with the programmable logic device group 30 and is used for generating a corresponding transmitting pulse signal according to the transmitting delay time;
the high-voltage switch circuit 50 is electrically connected with the transmitting circuit 40 and is used for controlling the switch related to the effective array element array to be opened and controlling the switch related to the ineffective array element array to be closed;
the ultrasonic transducer 60 comprises the phased array, is electrically connected with the high-voltage switch circuit 50, and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echoes;
the analog TGC circuit 80 is electrically connected to the analog front-end circuit 70 and the programmable logic device group 30, and is configured to generate a TGC compensation curve according to a control signal of the programmable logic device group 30 and send the TGC compensation curve to the analog front-end circuit 70;
the analog front-end circuit 70 is electrically connected to the transmitting circuit 40 and the programmable logic device group 30, and is configured to perform signal processing on the ultrasonic echo signal and perform TGC compensation on the received ultrasonic echo signal according to the TGC compensation curve;
the DDR buffer 90 is electrically connected to the programmable logic device group 30 and is used for buffering parameters and ultrasound images;
the PC terminal 10 is electrically connected to the programmable logic device group 30, and is used for displaying ultrasound images and performing human-computer interaction.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the PC terminal 10 serves as a central controller, is externally connected to a VGA display, and is configured to receive and display an ultrasound image for a user to view, and meanwhile, provides external interfaces such as a network interface, a USB interface, and a keyboard, so as to implement a human-computer interaction operation;
the USB interface 20 adopts a USB3014 chip, which is a connection bridge between the PC terminal 10 and the programmable logic device group 30, the PC terminal 10 issues necessary parameters and control signals through the USB interface 20, and the programmable logic device group 30 uploads parameters and ultrasonic image data through the USB interface 20;
the programmable logic device group 30 is a core device of a peripheral device and is used for realizing the ultrasonic scanning method;
a transmission circuit 40 for generating a specific transmission pulse signal group output;
the high-voltage switch circuit 50 is used for controlling the on and off of the transducer array;
an ultrasonic transducer 60 for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving reflected ultrasonic signals;
an analog front-end circuit 70 for amplifying and signal processing the received minute echo signal;
an analog TGC circuit 80, controlled by the programmable logic device group 30, for generating a TGC compensation analog curve to act on the analog front end chipset;
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the programmable logic device group 30 in this embodiment includes the following modules:
the USB controller 301 is a driving module of the programmable logic device group 30 for the USB3014 chip, and performs communication between the programmable logic device group 30 and the PC terminal 10 according to the timing requirement of the USB3014 chip;
the parameter decoding module 302 is used for unpacking and decoding the packet data transmitted by the USB3014 according to a specific format to generate a bus protocol in the programmable logic device;
the general controller 303 generates corresponding overall timing control for scanning control of the ultrasound system according to the parameters issued by the PC terminal 10, and generates key control signals such as line synchronization, frame end, line number, focus number, and the like;
a transmit focusing parameter dual-port RAM module 304 that caches transmit focusing parameters, and caches transmit focusing parameters for half of the number of lines of the bus in the phased array, according to the level of line density; carrying out parameter caching in a distinguishing mode;
a transmission parameter buffer module 305 for buffering transmission enabling time, transmission frequency, transmission pulse type, and the like;
a transmitting apodization parameter dual-port RAM module 306 for caching the transmitted apodization parameters;
a high-voltage switch control module 307 for controlling the on and off of the high-voltage switch of the peripheral device according to the mode and the type of the transducer;
the array element independent emission excitation module group 308 is used for carrying out emission excitation on the array elements in the emission aperture according to related parameters 303, 304 and 305;
a receive focus parameter dual-port RAM module 309 that caches parameters related to receive focus;
a focusing parameter calculating module 310, which performs time division multiplexing and calculates the delay time of dynamic focusing according to a delay rule;
the LVDS module 311 is a serial-to-parallel converter that converts serial echo data transmitted from the analog front-end circuit into parallel data;
an echo data caching module 312, configured to cache echo data of each channel;
a delay control module 313, which obtains the read-write control signal of 311 according to the focusing delay time obtained by 309, and performs focusing reading on the echo data of 311;
the interpolation module 314 performs interpolation according to the control of 311 and 312, and increases the receiving focusing precision;
a receive apodization parameter dual port RAM module 315 that stores parameters related to the receive aperture and the weighted amplitude;
receive apodization weighted overlap module 315 to obtain the final RF data;
a middle-end processing module 316, which also has time division multiplexing processing, including orthogonal demodulation function, data compression and digital gain;
a doppler controller 317 including CFM processing, PW processing, CW processing modules;
a DDR controller 318 for controlling the buffer frame image data and the IQ data;
the data transmission control module 319 is used for packaging the processed image data according to the communication time sequence of the USB3014 and a packaging protocol which is good in software protocol, and uploading the packaged image data to a PC terminal for subsequent processing;
307. 309 two modules perform the calculation of the relative delay between each aperture according to the above-mentioned phased array delay rule, i.e. corresponding to τ 1 a And τ 2 a And (4) calculating.
It should be understood that the structure of the ultrasound scanning system and the ultrasound scanning apparatus (i.e. the programmable logic device group) provided in this embodiment is only one implementation manner, and the specific implementation of the ultrasound scanning method in the present invention can also be implemented by using ultrasound scanning apparatuses and ultrasound scanning systems with other structures.
Example 4
The computer storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for realizing the ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements, so that the technical effect of the ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements is also achieved by the computer storage medium, and the description is omitted.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ultrasonic scanning method based on spaced phased array elements is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting discontinuous adjacent array elements in a phased array as an effective array element array, and taking other array elements except the effective array element array as an invalid array element array; controlling the effective array element array to be switched on and controlling the ineffective array element array to be switched off;
calculating the transmission delay time of each effective array element according to the position relation of the effective array elements in the effective array element array and by combining the transmission focusing parameters; controlling the effective array element array to perform ultrasonic delay emission according to the emission delay time;
calculating the receiving delay time of each effective array element according to the position relation of the effective array elements in the effective array element array and by combining the receiving focusing parameters; controlling the effective array element array to perform ultrasonic echo delay receiving according to the receiving delay time to realize ultrasonic scanning;
the method comprises the following steps of selecting discontinuous adjacent array elements in phased array elements as an effective array element array, and specifically:
when the number of array elements in the phased array is larger than that of the channels, at most one effective array element is arranged in the array elements connected with the same channel;
the method comprises the following steps of selecting discontinuous adjacent array elements in a phased array as an effective array element array, and specifically:
the number of ultrasonic scanning channels is
The number of array elements in the phased array is equal to that of channels
X > x>
Is an integer greater than 1, is ^ h>
Each array element is equal to the fifth or fifth place>
The channels are connected to each other, wherein,
；
sequentially dividing array elements in the phased array into
Group of successive array tuples ^ h->
The array tuple includes the first
Number one and/or number two>
Size, \ 8230;, the fifth->
An array element;
for the first
Selecting the fifth/fifth tuple>
Individual array elements as effective array elements, wherein>
Taking or combining>
Any value in the above-mentioned value, and/or>
,
Expressing taking an integer;
2. The ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements according to claim 1, characterized in that non-continuous adjacent array elements in the phased array elements are selected as an effective array element array, specifically:
and selecting two array elements which are not adjacent to each other in the phased array as an effective array element array.
3. The spaced phased array element based ultrasound scanning method according to claim 2, characterised in that a plurality of active array elements in the active array element array are equally spaced.
4. The ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements according to claim 1, characterized in that non-continuously adjacent array elements in the phased array are selected as an effective array element array, and specifically:
the number of ultrasonic scanning channels is
The number of the array elements in the phased array is equal to the number of the channels->
Is double and/or is greater>
Is an integer greater than 1, is ^ h>
Each array element is equal to the fifth or fifth place>
Are connected by several channels, wherein>
；
Is selected to
An effective array element is used as the effective array element array, wherein the effective array element array is based on the status of the active array element array, and the status of the active array element array is based on the status of the active array element array>
,
Get
Any one of the above values.
5. The ultrasonic scanning method based on the spaced phased array elements according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting delay time of each effective array element is calculated according to the position relationship of the effective array elements in the effective array elements array in combination with transmitting focusing parameters, and the receiving delay time of each effective array element is calculated according to the position relationship of the effective array elements in the effective array elements array in combination with receiving focusing parameters, specifically:
wherein,
is the first->
Emission delay time of each effective array element>
Is the first->
The receiving delay time of an effective array element is greater or less>
Is focused on>
Echo length of effective array element>
，
Is a first->
The distance from the individual array element to the center of the sound head, is->
For the distance of the focus point from the center of the sound head>
Is the angle between the direction of the transmitted beam and the normal>
Is the wave speed of the ultrasonic wave>
For additional value, for ensuring->
And &>
Positive values.
6. An ultrasound scanning apparatus based on spaced phased array elements, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements the method of spaced phased array element based ultrasound scanning according to any of claims 1 to 5.
7. An ultrasonic scanning system based on spaced phased array elements, which is characterized by comprising the ultrasonic scanning device based on spaced phased array elements according to claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic scanning device based on spaced phased array elements is a programmable logic device group, and the ultrasonic scanning system further comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a high-voltage switch circuit, a transmitting circuit, an analog front-end circuit, an analog TGC circuit, a DDR buffer and a PC terminal;
the transmitting circuit is electrically connected with the programmable logic device group and is used for generating a corresponding transmitting pulse signal according to the transmitting delay time;
the high-voltage switch circuit is electrically connected with the transmitting circuit and is used for controlling the switch related to the effective array element array to be switched on and controlling the switch related to the ineffective array element array to be switched off;
the ultrasonic transducer comprises the phased array, is electrically connected with the high-voltage switch circuit and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echoes;
the analog TGC circuit is respectively electrically connected with the analog front-end circuit and the programmable logic device group, and is used for generating a TGC compensation curve according to a control signal of the programmable logic device group and sending the TGC compensation curve to the analog front-end circuit;
the analog front-end circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the transmitting circuit and the programmable logic device group and is used for carrying out signal processing on the ultrasonic echo signals and carrying out TGC compensation on the received ultrasonic echo signals according to the TGC compensation curve;
the DDR buffer is electrically connected with the programmable logic device group and is used for buffering parameters and ultrasonic images;
and the PC terminal is electrically connected with the programmable logic device group and is used for displaying ultrasonic images and performing man-machine interaction.
8. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for spaced phased array element based ultrasound scanning according to any of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN114631847B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-09-09 | 之江实验室 | A time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of medical ultrasonic transducer arrays |
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| US4180790A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-12-25 | General Electric Company | Dynamic array aperture and focus control for ultrasonic imaging systems |
| JP3754142B2 (en) * | 1996-09-03 | 2006-03-08 | 株式会社日立メディコ | Ultrasonic tomograph |
| JPH1156844A (en) * | 1997-08-25 | 1999-03-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Delay time calculation device and calculation method for ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus |
| JP3356996B2 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2002-12-16 | アロカ株式会社 | Ultrasound diagnostic equipment |
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| CN205964068U (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-02-22 | 乐普（北京）医疗器械股份有限公司 | A supersound echo image device for mobile terminal |
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